Design of Aluminum Structure 1
Design of Aluminum Structure 1
Design of Aluminum Structure 1
General:
Aluminum is used in many architectural components of buildings such as window frame, handrail, awning, canopy, catwalk, and platforms, etc. It is relatively light weigh and low strength comparing to structural steel. But, it is easy to be fabricated and has good rust resistance.
Design specification:
Aluminum Design Manual, 2010 edition.
Material designation:
Aluminum material is defined by its alloy and temper. For example, 6061-T6 means 6061 alloy and T6 temper. 3004-H12 means 3004 alloy and H12 temper. The first of the four numbers defines the major alloying ingredients. For example, the major alloying ingredient of 3004 is manganese. The major alloying ingredient of 6061 is magnesium and silicon. Temper defines fabrication treatment. For example, H means strain-hardened and T6 means solution heat-treated and then artificially aged.
Mechanical properties:
Mechanical properties of aluminum used in structural calculations are F tu: Tensile ultimate strength. F ty: Tensile yield strength. F cy : Compressive yield strength, F su : Shear ultimate strength. Mechanical properties of some aluminum products from Aluminum Design Manual, Table A3.4 are shown below: Alloy-Temper 1100-H12 2014-T6 3003-H34 5454-O 6005-T6 Product Sheet, plate Sheet Drawn tube Extrusions Extrusions F tu ksi 14 66 35 31 38 F ty ksi 11 58 28 12 35 F cy ksi 11 11 27 12 34 F su ksi 10 11 20 19 24 E ksi 10,100 10,100 10,100 10,400 10,100
42 38 22
35 35 16
35 35 16
25 24 13
Temperature limits:
Aluminum is sensitive to temperature. For example, 5083 alloy or similar aluminum shall not be subjected to temperatures greater than 150 o F. 6061-T5 is limited to 5 minutes for temperature greater than 450 o F.
Design Methods:
Design loads and load combinations
Building-type Structures: Use loads and load combinations from ASCE 7, Minimum Design loads for Building and Other Structures. Bridge-type Structures Use loads and load combinations from AASHTOs Guide Standard Specifications for Highway Bridges.
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