Chapter 2 - Ecosystem
Chapter 2 - Ecosystem
Chapter 2 - Ecosystem
Teacher Syuhada
Learning Objectives
2.1
Energy flow in ecosystem 2.2 2.3
2.1.1 Explain with examples of
Nutrient cycle in the ecosystem Interdependence and interaction among
producer, consumer, and organisms and between organisms
decomposer 2.2.1 Elaborate and communicate about and the environment
the role of living things in the oxygen 2.3.1 Explain with examples the interdependence
2.1.2 Interpret food chain and among living things anf the environment to
and carbon cycles in the ecosystem
food web 2.2.2 Justify the role of organisms in the maintain a balanced ecosystem
2.3.2 Justify the importance of adaptations of
water cycle of an ecosystem
living things to the environment
2.2.3 Solve problems when there are
2.4 The role of human in
maintaining a balanced nature interferences to the cycles caused by
2.3.3 Communicate examples of onteractions
between organisms and apply these interactions
human activities in daily life
24.1 Justify and communicate
that man needs a stable and
and productive ecosystem to
sustain life.
2.1 Energy Flow in Ecosystem
1. Green plants convert light energy from the Sun into chemical energy.
(photosynthesis)
3. Producers are all green plants that produces its own food through photosynthesis.
7. Secondary consumers are omnivores and carnivores that eat the primary consumers.
Example : Himalayan bluetail (bird) - omnivore that eats caterpillar and fruits
Kingfisher (bird) - primary carnivore that eats snails, fish, tadpoles.
8. Tertiary consumers are the secondary carnivore (bigger size than primary carnivore),
that eats secondary consumers. Example : Fox, snake
Food Web
Food Chain
1. Plants and animals carry out respiration which uses oxygen and releases
carbon dioxide
2. The decay of dead plants and animals by bacteria and fungi in the soil uses
oxygen and releases carbon dioxide.
3. Green plants maintain the content of carbon dioxide and oxygen in the air
through photosynthesis which absorbs carbon dioxide and releases
oxygen.
Steps to solve problems when there is
an interference to the Nutrient Cycle
Ecosystem
Habitat 2.3
In the figure above, fish, frog and water plant are 3 different
species
Population
A population on frogs
Community
Pond community
Ecosystem
Pond Ecosystem
Habitat
Competition
Interaction between
living organisms Prey-predator
Mutualism
Commensalism
Symbiosis
Parasitism
Competition
Does not affect the health of other organisms except agricultural pests
Predators
In an ecosystem, the more predators there are, the less prey there will be
if the food source for a certain species decrease, the population of the
Food sources
species will also decrease
In the drought and rainy seasons, both type of weather can decrease the
Change of weather
population of plants and animals.
Changes in the
ecosystem
Changes in the ecosystem such as
water supply, animal migration
and changes in population size can
influence available resources and
the balance between populations
in a habitat
Water supply
Maintaining a Balanced
Nature
Forest logging
Industrialisation
Agriculture
Waste disposal
Steps to solve the effects of human activities on the environment