Tika Sapkota Report
Tika Sapkota Report
Tika Sapkota Report
ANALYSIS AND
DESIGN REPORT OF
MRS. TIKA
SAPKOTA ABSTRACT
The structural design of this residential
building has been done as per the provisions
in Indian Standard Code (IS 1893:2016) and
Nepal National Building Code (NBC
105:2020). The design philosophy followed
is the Limit State Design as per IS: 456-
2000. The ductile detailing for the seismic
consideration has been done following IS
13920:2016
FOR ARCH ENGINEERING Pvt. Ltd
September 15, 2022. Bharatpur-4, Chitwan,
Nepal. Ph.no- 9845364435
I, consultant going to issue this disclaimer letter on behalf of final structural analysis and design report for
Mrs. Tika Sapkota during and after construction of proposed super structure.
The site supervisions and quality test of the different constructions materials of the proposed building do not
under taken by the consultant. Hence any failure or error occurred with the building due to non-
implementation of the recommendations made in this report and structural drawing or due to improper
construction will not be the responsibility of the consultant/designer.
The structural analysis has been completed on the assumptions that the proposed building shall be constructed
under the proper supervisions of skilled technical manpower.
The design calculations and derivations are limited to only a minimum to let the concerned people know the
methodology adopted. However, the calculations may be provided to the Client or the concerned Authority
upon request.
………………………………
NAME: Er. Praveen Rajbhandari
DESIGNATION: Structural Engineer
NEC Regd. No: 12025” A”
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Structural Analysis and Design Report of MRS. TIKA SAPKOTA
Table of Contents
1 INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................................................... 5
1.1 Building Descriptions ........................................................................................................................................ 5
1.2 Structural System .............................................................................................................................................. 5
1.3 Codes, Standards and References..................................................................................................................... 5
2 BASIC MATERIALS...................................................................................................................................................... 6
2.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................................................... 6
2.2 Concrete ............................................................................................................................................................ 6
2.3 Reinforcing Steel/Rebar .................................................................................................................................... 6
2.4 Soil Bearing Capacity ......................................................................................................................................... 7
3 LOADS........................................................................................................................................................................ 7
3.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................................................... 7
3.2 Gravity Load ...................................................................................................................................................... 7
3.3 Seismic Load ...................................................................................................................................................... 7
3.4 Load calculations ............................................................................................................................................... 7
3.5 Load cases ......................................................................................................................................................... 8
3.6 Load Combination ............................................................................................................................................. 8
4 ANALYSIS AND DESIGN.............................................................................................................................................. 9
4.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................................................... 9
4.2 Analysis Procedures ........................................................................................................................................ 11
4.2.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................................ 11
.4.2.2 Linear Static Procedure (LSP) ...................................................................................................................... 11
4.2.3 Component and member design ................................................................................................................ 11
5 ANALYSIS AND DESIGN RESULTS ............................................................................................................................. 13
5.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................................... 13
5.2 Bending Moment Diagram .............................................................................................................................. 13
5.3 Shear Force Diagram ....................................................................................................................................... 14
5.4 Axial Force Diagram .............................................................................................................................................. 14
5.6 Base Shear Calculation Results ....................................................................................................................... 15
5.7 Story Forces..................................................................................................................................................... 16
6 PARAMETERS TO BE CHECKED AFTER STATIC COEFFICIENT ANALYSIS OF STRUCTURE. ........................................ 17
6.1 Story Drift Check ............................................................................................................................................. 17
6.2 Torsion Check .................................................................................................................................................. 18
6.3 Support reaction for the design of footing ..................................................................................................... 18
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Structural Analysis and Design Report of MRS. TIKA SAPKOTA
1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Building Descriptions
This document presents the overall methodology and the key results of the structural design of structural
components of RC moment resisting frame system.
The components of structural system used for this report are summarized in the following table.
Structural System Element Typical Component
Types
➢ Criteria for Earthquake Resistant Design of Structures, IS 1893 (Part 1): 2016
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Structural Analysis and Design Report of MRS. TIKA SAPKOTA
➢ Codes of Practice for Design Loads (other than earthquake) for Buildings and Structures, IS 875
(Part 1): 1987
➢ Codes of Practice for Design Loads (other than earthquake) for Buildings and Structures, IS 875
(Part 2): 1987
➢ Wind load Analysis, IS 875(part-3):1987 and NBC 105:2020
➢ Codes of Practice for Ductile design and detailing of reinforced structures subjected to seismic
forces, IS 13920:2016
➢ Nepal National Building Code NBC 105:2020.
Other references
➢ Related research papers and reports.
2 BASIC MATERIALS
2.1 Introduction
This chapter presents the strength of materials used in the design of structural components.
2.2 Concrete
The minimum compressive strength measured at 28 days, for the cube specimen used in different types of
structural components are shown in the following table.
Footings 20
Beams 20
Column 20
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Structural Analysis and Design Report of MRS. TIKA SAPKOTA
3 LOADS
3.1 Introduction
This chapter presents the design loads considered in the structural design, including gravity loads and seismic
loads.
Table 2: Unit Weight of Materials
S.N Descriptions Unit weight Reference
1 Concrete 25 KN/m³ IS-875(part 1) - 1987
2 Masonry wall 19.2 KN/m³ IS-875(part-1)-1987(Table-1)
3 Cement Concrete, plain 12.55 KN/m³ IS-875(part-1)-1987(Table-1)
4 Plaster Punning 20.4 KN/m³ IS-875(part-1)-1987(Table-2)
Importance factor 1
Soil type II
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Structural Analysis and Design Report of MRS. TIKA SAPKOTA
1 1.5D + 1.5L
2 1.2D + 1.2L±1.2E
3 0.9D ± 1.5E
4 1.5D ± 1.5E
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Structural Analysis and Design Report of MRS. TIKA SAPKOTA
4.2.1 Introduction
The analysis has been carried out using a standard software package ETABS 2018.1.1 based on finite element
method. The software is capable to carrying out a three-dimensional analysis. A three-dimensional linear
elastic analysis has been carried out. A model based on rigid diaphragm concept has been considered. This is
done by creating a special joint at the center of mass of each floor level and constraining all the joints at this
level by diaphragm constraint.
The stiffness contribution of brick walls in the structure has been ignored and the building has been modeled
as a “Bare Frame” with no infill wall panels.
The flange effect of the slab has been neglected. The beams have been modeled as rectangular beams.
Analysis procedures used for code-based design are presented in the following sections.
Load cases Analysis type
Static Analysis Linear Static Analysis
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Structural Analysis and Design Report of MRS. TIKA SAPKOTA
This bending moment diagram is used to calculate area of steel by using formula as;
0.5 f ck bd 4.6M u
Ast = (1 − 1 − ) Where, Mu = BM obtained from software
fy f ck bd 2
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Direction = Multiple
Structural Period
Seismic Response
Sa
ZI
Seismic Coefficient, Ah [IS 6.4.2] g
Ah =
2R
Period
W Vb
Direction Used
(kN) (kN)
(sec)
X 0.505 3544.2581 318.9832
X + Ecc. Y 0.505 3544.2581 318.9832
X - Ecc. Y 0.505 3544.2581 318.9832
Direction = Multiple
Structural Period
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Structural Analysis and Design Report of MRS. TIKA SAPKOTA
Seismic Response
Sa
ZI
Seismic Coefficient, Ah [IS 6.4.2] g
Ah =
2R
Period
W Vb
Direction Used
(kN) (kN)
(sec)
X 0.505 3544.2581 318.9832
X + Ecc. Y 0.505 3544.2581 318.9832
X - Ecc. Y 0.505 3544.2581 318.9832
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Structural Analysis and Design Report of MRS. TIKA SAPKOTA
EQY
Floors Displacement mm Drift mm Drift Ratio Check drift
Eve 17.687 3.025 0.000953 ok<0.0127
Third 14.695 3.683 0.00116 ok<0.0127
Second 11.012 5.907 0.00186 ok<0.0127
First 5.105 5.105 0.001608 ok<0.0127
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Structural Analysis and Design Report of MRS. TIKA SAPKOTA
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Structural Analysis and Design Report of MRS. TIKA SAPKOTA
Type of panel
Loads
4.29 mts
Self weight of slab w1= 3.13 kN/m^2
Floor finish 100 mm thk wpc w2= 1.50 kN/m^2
Live load - Accessible Terrace w3= 2.00 kN/m^2
Miscellaneous-Equipment Load w4= 1.50 kN/m^2 4.22 mts
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Structural Analysis and Design Report of MRS. TIKA SAPKOTA
Design
Coeff BM k pt Ast Dia Spacing
Short span direction
Negative moment at continuous edge 0.000 0.00 0.00 0.00 150 8 150
Positive moment at midspan 0.039 8.45 0.75 0.18 192 8 150
Deflection check
Reinf provided at midspan along short direction 335.10 mm^2 Dia 8 at 150 mm
Stress in reinforcement fs= 166.12 N/mm^2
Percentage of reinforcement provided pt= 0.3161 %
Modification factor as per fig 4 of IS:456-2000 MF= 2
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Structural Analysis and Design Report of MRS. TIKA SAPKOTA
Data
Effective Span (l) 3.00 mm
Riser (R) 175 mm
Thread (T) 250 mm
Waist Slab thickness (t) 150 mm
Clear Cover 15 mm
Effective Depth of Waist Slab (d) 135 mm
Loading
Loads on going Loads on waist slab
Self weight of waist slab 4.58 KN/m Self weight of landing slab 3.75 KN/m
Self weight of steps 2.19 KN/m Live Load 3.00 KN/m
Live Load 3.00 KN/m Floor Finish Load 1.00 KN/m
Floor Finish Load 1.00 KN/m Total Load 7.75 KN/m
Total Load 10.76 KN/m Factored Load 11.63 KN/m
Factored Load 16.15 KN/m
Bending Moment
Calculate Bending Moment using the equation (W*L*L )/8
Reaction
to be used as UDL = 24 KN
60 KN-m
Spacing
Diameter of bar 12ø 16ø
610
Spacing across x 343 c/c c/c
12ø @150mm
Provded Main Steel: c/c
Spacing
Diameter of bar 8ø 10ø
436
Spacing across y 279 c/c c/c
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Structural Analysis and Design Report of MRS. TIKA SAPKOTA
Material Properties
Grade of concrete (fck) = 20 N/mm2
For steel (fy) = 500 N/mm2
Bearing Capacity of soil = 120 N/mm2
Unfactored Load on Column 1 = 421.3333 KN
Unfactored Load on Column 2 = 414 KN
Size of Column 1
Width = 300 mm
Depth = 300 mm
Size of Column 2
Width = 300 mm
Depth = 300 mm
C/C spacing betwing C1 and C2 = 4.2164 m
Projection along C1, a = 0.15
Projection along C2, a1 = 0.15
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Structural Analysis and Design Report of MRS. TIKA SAPKOTA
V2 = 590.2333 KN
Ʈv = 0.734784 N/mm2
shear strength
Ʈc = 1.118034 N/mm2
if Ʈv< Ʈc then results is ok OK
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Structural Analysis and Design Report of MRS. TIKA SAPKOTA
Section Properties
b (mm) h (mm) dc (mm) Cover (Torsion) (mm)
304.8 304.8 56 30
Material Properties
Ec (MPa) fck (MPa) Lt.Wt Factor (Unitless) fy (MPa) fys (MPa)
25000 25 1 500 500
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Structural Analysis and Design Report of MRS. TIKA SAPKOTA
Notes:
Section Properties
b (mm) h (mm) bf (mm) ds (mm) dct (mm) dcb (mm)
230 431.8 230 0 35 35
Material Properties
Ec (MPa) fck (MPa) Lt.Wt Factor (Unitless) fy (MPa) fys (MPa)
22360.68 20 1 500 500
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Structural Analysis and Design Report of MRS. TIKA SAPKOTA
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Structural Analysis and Design Report of MRS. TIKA SAPKOTA
Classification Rolled
Class 1 Yes
Section Properties
A (cm²) Izz (cm⁴) rzz (mm) Ze,zz (cm³) Av,z (cm²) Zp,zz (cm³) Iyz (cm⁴) It (cm⁴)
6.3 21.4 18.5 8.7 3.1 8.7 0 35.8
J (cm⁴) Iyy (cm⁴) ryy (mm) Ze,yy (cm³) Av,y (cm²) Zp,yy (cm³) Iw (cm⁶) h (mm)
35.8 21.4 18.5 8.7 3.1 8.7 49.5
Material Properties
J (cm⁴) Iyy (cm⁴) ryy (mm)
35.8 21.4 18.5
Basic Factors
Buckling Mode K Factor L Factor L Length (mm) KL/r
Major (z-z) 1 1 1054.1 57.076
Major Braced 1 1 1054.1 57.076
Minor (y-y) 1 3.711 3911.6 211.799
Minor Braced 1 3.711 3911.6 211.799
LTB 1 3.711 3911.6 211.799
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Structural Analysis and Design Report of MRS. TIKA SAPKOTA
Moment Designs
M Moment Mspan Moment Md(yield) Capacity Mdv Capacity Mnd Capacity Md(LTB) Capacity
kN-m kN-m kN-m kN-m kN-m kN-m
Major (z-z) -0.0273 -0.0273 2.713 2.713 2.713 2.713
Minor (y-y) 0.006 0.0422 2.713 2.713 2.713
Shear Design
V Force (kN) Vd Capacity (kN) To Capacity (kN-m) Stress Ratio Status Check
Major (y) 0.066 56.8585 0.0007 0.001 OK
Minor (z) 0.0343 56.8585 0.0007 0.001 OK
Shear Design
Vp (kN) kv (Unitless) ΛW (Unitless) Τb (MPa)
Reduction 56.8585 0 0 1
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Structural Analysis and Design Report of MRS. TIKA SAPKOTA
Classification Rolled
Class 1 Yes
Section Properties
A (cm²) Izz (cm⁴) rzz (mm) Ze,zz (cm³) Av,z (cm²) Zp,zz (cm³) Iyz (cm⁴) It (cm⁴)
6.3 21.4 18.5 8.7 3.1 8.7 0 35.8
J (cm⁴) Iyy (cm⁴) ryy (mm) Ze,yy (cm³) Av,y (cm²) Zp,yy (cm³) Iw (cm⁶) h (mm)
35.8 21.4 18.5 8.7 3.1 8.7 49.5
Material Properties
J (cm⁴) Iyy (cm⁴) ryy (mm)
35.8 21.4 18.5
Basic Factors
Buckling Mode K Factor L Factor L Length (mm) KL/r
Major (z-z) 1 1 1149 62.213
Major Braced 1 1 1149 62.213
Minor (y-y) 1 1 1149 62.213
Minor Braced 1 1 1149 62.213
LTB 1 1 1149 62.213
Moment Designs
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Structural Analysis and Design Report of MRS. TIKA SAPKOTA
M Moment Mspan Moment Md(yield) Capacity Mdv Capacity Mnd Capacity Md(LTB) Capacity
kN-m kN-m kN-m kN-m kN-m kN-m
Major (z-z) 0.0459 0.1599 2.713 2.713 2.713 2.713
Minor (y-y) -0.0174 -0.0853 2.713 2.713 2.713
Shear Design
V Force (kN) Vd Capacity (kN) To Capacity (kN-m) Stress Ratio Status Check
Major (y) 0.2174 56.8585 0.0054 0.004 OK
Minor (z) 0.1182 56.8585 0.0054 0.002 OK
Shear Design
Vp (kN) kv (Unitless) ΛW (Unitless) Τb (MPa)
Reduction 56.8585 0 0 1
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Structural Analysis and Design Report of MRS. TIKA SAPKOTA
Classification Rolled
Class 1 Yes
Section Properties
A (cm²) Izz (cm⁴) rzz (mm) Ze,zz (cm³) Av,z (cm²) Zp,zz (cm³) Iyz (cm⁴) It (cm⁴)
10.5 79 27.5 22 5.2 22 0 129.2
J (cm⁴) Iyy (cm⁴) ryy (mm) Ze,yy (cm³) Av,y (cm²) Zp,yy (cm³) Iw (cm⁶) h (mm)
129.2 79 27.5 22 5.2 22 72
Material Properties
J (cm⁴) Iyy (cm⁴) ryy (mm)
129.2 79 27.5
Basic Factors
Buckling Mode K Factor L Factor L Length (mm) KL/r
Major (z-z) 1 0.24 4673.6 170.11
Major Braced 1 0.24 4673.6 170.11
Minor (y-y) 1 0.24 4673.6 170.11
Minor Braced 1 0.24 4673.6 170.11
LTB 1 0.24 4673.6 170.11
Moment Designs
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Structural Analysis and Design Report of MRS. TIKA SAPKOTA
M Moment Mspan Moment Md(yield) Capacity Mdv Capacity Mnd Capacity Md(LTB) Capacity
kN-m kN-m kN-m kN-m kN-m kN-m
Major (z-z) -0.5325 -3.6168 6.8843 6.8843 6.8843 6.7593
Minor (y-y) -0.2118 -0.2306 6.8843 6.8843 6.8843
Shear Design
V Force (kN) Vd Capacity (kN) To Capacity (kN-m) Stress Ratio Status Check
Major (y) 3.1089 94.7943 0.0163 0.033 OK
Minor (z) 0.2576 94.7943 0.0163 0.003 OK
Shear Design
Vp (kN) kv (Unitless) ΛW (Unitless) Τb (MPa)
Reduction 94.7943 0 0 1
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Structural Analysis and Design Report of MRS. TIKA SAPKOTA
Fig.6.7
Column Size (mm) Ground floor 1st Floor 2nd Floor 3rd Floor
ID
C1 300X300 4-16ф+4-16ф 4-16ф+4-12ф 4-16ф+4-12ф 4-16ф+4-12ф
C2 300X300 2-20ф+6-16ф 2-20ф+4-16ф 4-16ф+4-16ф 4-16ф+4-12ф
C3 300X300 4-20ф+4-16ф 4-20ф+4-16ф 4-16ф+4-16ф 4-16ф+4-12ф
C4 300X300 6-20ф+2-16ф 4-20ф+4-16ф 4-16ф+4-16ф 4-16ф+4-12ф
NOTE:
1. The transverse reinforcement in the column should be 8mm ф, 4- legged @ 100mm c/c at below and
above the face of the beam for a distance of 0.8m.
2. The spacing of 8mm ф, 4- legged transverse reinforcement should be @ 100mm c/c in lap zone.
3. Other detailing is as per structural drawings sheet.
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Structural Analysis and Design Report of MRS. TIKA SAPKOTA
MB2 (230x425mm) 2-16mm dia. Bars 2-16mm dia. Bars 2-16mm dia. Bars 2-16mm dia. Bars
(TH) +2-12mm (TH)
(EX)
Secondary Beam
MB (230x300mm) 2-12mm dia. Bars 2-16mm dia. Bars 2-12mm dia. Bars 2-16mm dia. Bars
(TH) (TH)
Vertical Stirrups 8mm dia. Vertical Stirrups @ 100mm c/c 8mm dia. Vertical Stirrups @ 150mm
upto L/4 from end of support c/c upto midspan
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Structural Analysis and Design Report of MRS. TIKA SAPKOTA
NOTE:
1. The shear reinforcement in the L/4 of beam span measured from supports face should be 8mm ф
provided @ 100mm c/c and can be placed @ 150mm c/c in remaining span.
2. The shear reinforcement in the main beam in which secondary beams are tied should be 8mm ф
provided @ 75mm c/c throughout.
3.The shear reinforcement in the lapping zone should be also provided @ 150mm c/c
4.The shear reinforcement in the circular beam should be provided @ 100mm c/c
Footing Footing size Footing Depth Top and Bottom Top and Bottom
mm (L x B) type of
footing footing Rebar along footing Rebar along
Breadth length
All Footing 4500 X 1980 Combined 550 mm 16mm dia@125mmc/c 16mm dia@125mmc/c
(CF1)
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Structural Analysis and Design Report of MRS. TIKA SAPKOTA
SN Structures Sizes(mm)
1 Column (300mmX300mm)
2 Main Beam MB (230mm X 425mm)
SB (230mm X 300mm)
3 Slab 125mm
4 Truss
Top Rafter ISB 49.5X49.5X3.6
Bottom Rafter ISB 49.5X49.5X3.6
Struds ISB 38X38X4.0
Purlin ISB 72X72X4.0
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Structural Analysis and Design Report of MRS. TIKA SAPKOTA
9 Concluding Remarks
Reinforced concrete construction is common all over the world. It is used extensively for construction of
variety of structures such as buildings, bridges, dams, water tanks, stadiums, towers, tunnels and so on.
Experiences from past earthquakes and extensive laboratories works have shown that a well-designed and
detailed reinforced concrete structure is suitable for earthquake resistant structures. Ductility and strength
required to resist major earthquake can be achieved by following the recommendations made in the standard
codes of practice for earthquake resistant design.
Design and construction of the structure are inter-related jobs. A building behaves in a manner how it has been
built rather than what the intensions is during designing. A large percentage of structure failures are attributed
due to poor quality of construction. Therefore, quality assurance is needed in both design and construction.
In earthquake resistant construction quality of materials and workmanship plays a very important role. It has
been observed that damages during earthquake are largely dependent on the quality and workmanship. Hence,
quality assurance is the most important factor in the good seismic behavior of the structure.
Nepal is located in the boundary of two colliding tectonic plates, namely, the Indian Plate (Indo-Australian
Plate) and the Tibetan Plate (Eurasian Plate). The Indian Plate is constantly moving under the Tibetan Plate
causing many minor and major earthquakes in this region. As a result, Nepal has witnessed many major as
well as minor earthquakes during the past. Records show that around 19 major earthquakes have shaken Nepal
since then. The 1833 A.D. earthquake, 1934 A.D Bihar-Nepal earthquake and 2015 Gorkha Earthquake were
the most destructive ones in the history of Nepal.
Thus, structures to be built in Nepal need to be suitably designed and detailed, so as to counteract the forces
due to earthquakes.
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References
[1] IS 456- 2000 Code of practice for plain and reinforced concrete
[2] IS 875-1987 Code of practice for design loads (other than earthquake) for buildings and structures
END OF REPORT
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