Lecture 4

Holistic Development and

Role of Education
2
Content of this Session इस स क वषय-वा तु
Basic human aspiration मानव क मूल चाहना

Fulfilment of basic human aspiration मानव क मूल चाहना क पू त

Holistic development
सम वकास
The role of education in holistic development
सम वकास म श ा क भू मका
It will also give an idea about:
– The content of this workshop/course
– The process of this workshop/course इस स से इन तीन के बारे एक अनुमान बन पायेगा:
– The expected achievement from right – श वर/कोस क वषय-वा तु
understanding – श वर/कोस क या
– समझ से अपे त उपलि ध

3
Process
Whatever is said is a Proposal (Do not assume it to be true or false)
Verify it on Your Own Right – on the basis of our Natural Acceptance
It is a process of Dialogue
A dialogue between me and you, to start with
It soon becomes a dialogue within your own self
between what you are and what you really want to be (your natural
acceptance)
The purpose of this workshop is to initiate this internal dialogue

izLrko gS ¼ekuas ugha½

tk¡pas & Lo;a ds vf/kdkj ijA
viuh lgt LohÑfr ds vk/kkj ijA
;g laokn dh izfØ;k gSA
;g laokn vkids vkSj esjs chp 'kq: gksrk gS] fQj vki eas pyus yxrk gSA
More 4
Desire pkguk
Do we want to be happy?
D;k ge lq[kh gksuk pkgrs gSa\

Do we want to be prosperous?
D;k ge le`) gksuk pkgrs gSa\

Do we want the continuity of happiness and

prosperity?
D;k ge lq[k] le`f) dh fujarjrk pkgrs
gSa\

5
Desire, What We Want to Be State of Being, What We Are
Do we want to be happy? Are we happy?
D;k ge lq[kh gksuk pkgrs gSa\ D;k ge lq[kh gSa\

Do we want to be prosperous? Are we prosperous?

D;k ge le`) gksuk pkgrs gSa\ D;k ge le`) gSa\

Do we want the continuity of happiness and Is there continuity of our happiness and
prosperity? prosperity?
D;k ge lq[k] le`f) dh fujarjrk pkgrs D;k gekjs lq[k] le`f) dh fujarjrk gS\
gSa\
Why this gap?
- between our desire and our state of being
- between what we really want to be and what we are

What are we doing to fill this gap? Is it getting filled up or getting wider?

We will explore into this 6

Desire pkguk Effort djuk
Do we want to be happy? Is our effort (gekjk iz;kl):
D;k ge lq[kh gksuk pkgrs gSa\ – For continuity of happiness and prosperity?
lq[k] le`f) dh fujarjrk ds vFkZ esa gS
Do we want to be prosperous? or ;k
D;k ge le`) gksuk pkgrs gSa\ – Just for accumulation of physical facility?
dsoy lqfo/kk&laxzg ds vFkZ esa\
Do we want the continuity of happiness and
prosperity?
D;k ge lq[k] le`f) dh fujarjrk pkgrs
gSa\
Have we assumed that happiness and prosperity will be ensured
when we have enough physical facility?

What effort are we making, other than accumulation of physical facility?

7
Physical Facility is Necessary…
When an animal has lack of physical facility it becomes uncomfortable, when it gets physical
facility it becomes comfortable
Eg. When a cow gets a stomach-full of grass, it becomes comfortable, sits and chews the cud
i’kq dks lqfo/kk dk vHkko gksrk gS] rks og ijs’kku gksrk gS] lqfo/kk fey tk, rks og vkjke esa
vk tkrk gS] (tSls isV Hkj ?kkl fey tk, rks xk; vkjke ls tqxkyh djrh gS)A

When a human being has lack of physical facility, he becomes uncomfortable and unhappy
But once he gets the physical facility, he forgets about it and starts thinking about hundred other
things
euq”; dks lqfo/kk dk vHkko gksrk gS] rks og ijs’kku o nq%[kh gksrk gS]
ijarq lqfo/kk fey tk, rks mlds ckjs rks Hkwy gh tkrk gS] mlds vykok lkS vkSj phtsa lkspus
yxrk gSA

(Check for yourself if you feel happy every day that you are getting enough to eat?)
(vki gh vius esa tkap dj ns[ksa] D;k vki bl ckr ij jkst [kq’k gksrs gSa fd vkidks isV Hkj
Hkkstu fey jgk gS\)
8
Physical Facility is Necessary… but it is not Adequate
When a human being has lack of physical facility, s(he) becomes uncomfortable and unhappy
But once s(he) gets the physical facility, s(he) forgets about it and starts thinking about hundred
other things
euq”; dks lqfo/kk dk vHkko gksrk gS] rks og ijs’kku o nq%[kh gksrk gS]
ijarq lqfo/kk fey tk, rks mlds ckjs rks Hkwy gh tkrk gS] mlds vykok lkS vkSj phtsa lkspus
yxrk gSA

Lets see if we know how many pairs of clothes we have

If there were a shortage of clothes it would be a problem for us, but now that we have clothes, we
may not even know how many we have… (and yet we may keep collecting more and more…)

When we don’t know how many clothes we really need, we can be in this situation

We have a problem when we don’t have clarity about our needs!

9
Something more is required (over and above physical facility)
Physical facility is necessary for human being
but
something more is also required

10
To find out what else is required (over and above physical facility)
Check: Is the unhappiness in our families
▪ More due to lack of physical facility or
▪ More due to lack of fulfillment in relationship?
vkids ifjokj esa tks nq%[k gS] og lqfo/kk ds vHkko esa T;knk gS ;k laca/k dk
fuokZg u gksus ds dkj.k T;knk gS\

11
To find out what else is required (over and above physical facility)
How much time and effort are we investing:
▪ For physical facility
▪ For fulfillment in relationship
vki lqfo/kk tqVkus ds fy, fdruk le; o iz;kl yxk jgs gSa vkSj laca/k dk fuokZg ds fy,
fdruk le; o iz;kl yxk jgs gSa\

The unhappiness is more due to lack of fulfillment in relationship

Most of the time and effort is spent for physical facility
nq%[k laca/k dk fuokZg u gksus ds dkj.k T;knk gS( ijUrq] le; o iz;kl lqfo/kk ds fy,
T;knk yxk;k tk jgk gS

12
For Human Being, Relationship is also Necessary
For human being physical facility is necessary but relationship is also necessary
ekuo ds fy, lqfo/kk Hkh vko’;d gS] ijarq laca/k Hkh vko’;d gSA

On examining carefully, we find that this is a fundamental difference between animals and human
being
/;ku ls ns[ksa rks ekuo o i’kq ds chp ;g ,d ewyHkwr varj gSA

Physical facility is necessary for animals and necessary for human being also
lqfo/kk i’kq ds fy, vko’;d gS] euq”; ds fy, Hkh vko’;d gSA
However, ijarq]
For animals physical facility is necessary as well as adequate
i’kq ds fy, lqfo/kk vko’;d Hkh gS vkSj iw.kZ Hkh gS]
For human being physical facility is necessary but not adequate
euq”; ds fy, Hkh lqfo/kk vko’;d gS ij iw.kZ ugha gSA
13
In Addition to Physical Facility, Relationship is Necessary

For human beings physical facility is necessary but relationship is also necessary
ekuo ds fy, lqfo/kk Hkh vko’;d gS] ijarq laca/k Hkh vko’;d gSA

For animals:
necessary & largely
adequate
RELATIONSHIP PHYSICAL FACILITY i’kq ds fy,
vko’;d
laca/k lqfo/kk ,oa iw.kZ

with human being With nature For human beings:

necessary but not
adequate
ekuo ds fy,
vko’;d
ijarq iw.kZ ugha

14
Although we have Recognised the need for Relationship…
We do get into arguments, opposition and fights… even in the family, with close friends, with
colleagues at work… in the marketplace…

Every time we have a fight, we want to resolve it…

We say sorry, patch up and promise not to fight in future but…

Even though we don’t want to, a fight does take place once again
(we want the other to improve… and the other wants us to improve…)

Is this happening?
Are incidences of reaction… not speaking to the other… arguments… debates… divorce…
increasing or decreasing?
Explore your close relationships – in the family, with friends, in the workplace, in the society

In spite of our acceptance for relationship, why is it happening?

15
State of Relationship (in the Society)
Out of the three types of fear, which is predominant for us?
▪ Fear of natural calamities
▪ Fear of wild animals
▪ Fear of the inhuman behaviour of human beings

Is this on the increase or decrease?

vki ds fy,] bu rhuksa esa ls dkSu lk Hk; izeq[k gS\

− fgald i'kqvksa dk Hk;
− izkd`frd vkink dk Hk;
− ekuo ds vekuoh; O;ogkj dk Hk;
;g Hk; c< jgk gS ;k ?kV jgk gS\
In spite of our acceptance for relationship,
why do we have such a state of affairs in the society?
16
The most Dangerous Animal!
Originally posted in The Morning Call, April 30, 1989

The Bronx Zoo, New York, then housed more than 4000 animals

Inside the Great Ape House was a large mirror placed within the cage, with a sign at the bottom:

“The most Dangerous Animal in the World: This animal, increasing at the rate of 190,000 every
24 hours, is the only creature that has ever killed off entire species of other animals. Now it has
achieved the power to wipe out all life on Earth”!

Source: http://searchoflife.com/the-worlds-most-dangerous-animal-2013-10-04

In spite of our acceptance for relationship, why are we in such a state?

17
Let’s check our Perspective about Relationship
Let us find out if
1. We want to live in relationship (harmony) with others or
2. We want to live in opposition with others or
3. We believe living has to be necessarily in opposition with others, i.e. There is 'struggle for
survival' , ‘survival of the fittest’ and check if we feel happy living this way?

vki gh vius esa tkap dj ns[ksa]

1- vkidh pkguk laca/kiwoZd thus dh gS ;k
2- vkidh pkguk fojks/kiwoZd thus dh gS ;k
3- vkius eku j[kk gS fd thuk rks fojks/kiwoZd gh laHko gSA ‘struggle for survival’,
‘survival of the fittest’ vkSj D;k vki oSlk thrs gq, lq[kh gksrs gSa\

What is our present perspective? Which view do we promote?

(at home, in the family… in schools and colleges… and in the society)

Is it the naturally acceptable view?

18
Right Understanding is also Essential for Human Being
For fulfilment in relationship, it is necessary to have right understanding about relationship

i.e. Right understanding is also necessary for human being

With right understanding:

▪ We have clarity about relationship with human being; we are able to fulfil relationship
▪ We also have clarity about how much physical facility we need

19
Right Understanding is also Essential for Human Being

RIGHT UNDERSTANDING
(le>)
in the self

For animals:
RELATIONSHIP PHYSICAL FACILITY necessary & largely
(laca/k) adequate
(lqfo/kk)
with human For human beings:
being with rest of nature necessary but not
adequate

These are two different types of needs

Let us explore if one type of need can be fulfilled by another
e.g. can the need of relationship be fulfilled by physical facility?
20
Ex: Sitting in a hot room… we are uncomfortable and unhappy
Q: Does an AC help us resolve our discomfort & unhappiness?
? RIGHT UNDERSTANDING
(le>)
in the self

? 1
RELATIONSHIP
(laca/k) AIR CONDITIONER
with human
being
∙ An AC does help resolve the physical discomfort
∙ However, it is not clear that the AC provides any relief from unhappiness

21
Ex: Sitting in an AC room… with someone we are opposed to…
Q: Is the feeling of opposition naturally acceptable? Or do we want to get rid of the feeling of opposition, to
resolve the relationship?
? RIGHT UNDERSTANDING
(le>)
in the self

? 1
OPPOSITION
IN AIR CONDITIONER
RELATIONSHIP

∙ We can see that an AC has no impact in resolving relationship

∙ Physical facility does not have any lasting impact in relationship. E.g. A gift can at most distract attention
for some time – it is not a solution
∙ Right understanding about relationship and right feeling in oneself is required for resolving the
relationship
22
Ex: Sitting alone in an AC room… thinking about one we oppose...
Q: Does the AC help us resolve the contradiction in our thoughts?
?
CONTRADICTION
IN
THOUGHTS

? 1
RELATIONSHIP
(laca/k) AIR CONDITIONER
with human
beings
∙ We can see that an AC has no impact in resolving contradiction in thoughts
∙ Right understanding is required to resolve contradiction in thoughts

23
Right Understanding is also Essential for Human Being

RIGHT UNDERSTANDING
(le>)
in the self

For animals:
RELATIONSHIP PHYSICAL FACILITY necessary & largely
(laca/k) adequate
(lqfo/kk)
with human For human beings:
being with rest of nature necessary but not
adequate
Are all 3 required? Is something redundant? Is anything more required?
Are we working on all 3?
If all 3 are required, what would be the priority*?
*Working on the high priority facilitates the realisation of the lower priority
24
Priority: Right Understanding, Relationship & Physical Facility

1 RIGHT UNDERSTANDING
(le>)
in the self

2 3 For animals:
RELATIONSHIP PHYSICAL FACILITY necessary & largely
Feeling
- Trust (laca/k) adequate
- Respect (lqfo/kk)
-…
with human For human beings:
being with rest of nature necessary but not
adequate

25
Priority: Right Understanding, Relationship & Physical Facility

1 RIGHT UNDERSTANDING
(le>)
in the self

2 3 For animals:
RELATIONSHIP PHYSICAL FACILITY necessary & largely
Feeling
- Trust (laca/k) adequate
- Respect (lqfo/kk)
-…
with human For human beings:
being with rest of nature necessary but not
adequate

MUTUAL HAPPINESS MUTUAL PROSPERITY

(mHk; lq[k) (mHk; le`f)) 26
Priority: Physical Facility

? RIGHT UNDERSTANDING
(le>)
in the self

For animals:
? RELATIONSHIP 1
PHYSICAL FACILITY necessary & largely
(laca/k) adequate
(lqfo/kk)
with human For human beings:
being with rest of nature necessary but not
adequate

UNHAPPINESS DEPRIVATION
Making others Unhappy Exploiting and
Depriving others
27
Human Consciousness
If we are living for all three (right understanding, relationship and physical facility) then we are
living with human consciousness
vxj gekjk thuk rhuksa (le>] laca/k vkSj lqfo/kk) ds fy, gS rks ge ekuo psruk esa th
jgs gSaA

Human being can be fulfilled (be happy and prosperous) on the basis of these three
bu rhuksa ds vk/kkj ij lq[kh] le`) gksdj ekuo r`Ir gks ikrk gSA

28
Human Consciousness
Human
Consciousness
1 RIGHT UNDERSTANDING ekuo psruk
(le>)
If we are living with
in the self all three
(right understanding,
relationship and
2 3 physical facility, in
RELATIONSHIP that priority order)
PHYSICAL FACILITY then we are living
Feeling
- Trust (laca/k) with human
- Respect (lqfo/kk)
-… with human consciousness
being with rest of nature
Human being can be
fulfilled
(be happy and
prosperous)
on the basis of these
MUTUAL HAPPINESS MUTUAL PROSPERITY three
(mHk; lq[k) (mHk; le`f)) 29
Animal Consciousness
If our living is only for physical facility, then we are living with animal consciousness, because
animals live only for physical facility and are fulfilled by that, not human being
vxj gekjk thuk flQZ lqfo/kk ds fy, gS rks ge tho psruk esa gh th jgs gS D;ksafd i’kq
dk thuk Hkh lqfo/kk ds fy, gS vkSj i’kq gh blls r`Ir gks ikrk gS] ekuo ughaA

30
Animal Consciousness
Reflect If our living is only for
Is the unhappiness in our family more due tophysical
lack offacility, then we
fulfillment of
relationship ? RIGHT UNDERSTANDING are living with animal
or consciousness; because
(le>) animals live only for
more due to lack of physical facility
in the self physical facility and are
fulfilled by that

Human being can not be

? RELATIONSHIP 1 fulfilled on the basis of
PHYSICAL FACILITY
(laca/k) physical facility alone
(lqfo/kk)
with human
being with rest of nature
Animal
Consciousness
tho psruk
UNHAPPINESS DEPRIVATION
Making others Unhappy Exploiting and
Depriving others
31
Animal Consciousness
If our living is only for
physical facility, then we
? RIGHT UNDERSTANDING are living with animal
consciousness
(le>)
in the self Animals live only for
physical facility and can be
fulfilled by that

? RELATIONSHIP 1 Human being can not be

PHYSICAL FACILITY
(laca/k) fulfilled on the basis of
(lqfo/kk) physical facility alone
with human
being with rest of nature
Animal
Consciousness
tho psruk
UNHAPPINESS DEPRIVATION
Making others Unhappy Exploiting and
Depriving others
32
Animals living with they are in harmony this is fine
animal consciousness

Human being living with they are in harmony this is fine

human consciousness

Human being living with they are in disharmony this is the

animal consciousness problem

33
Since we generally don’t have clarity about our physical needs…
In the society, we can observe two categories of human beings
blhfy, vHkh nks rjg ds euq”; fn[kkbZ nsrs gSa&
1. Lacking physical facility, unhappy deprived (lqfo/kk foghu nq[kh nfjnz )
2. Having physical facility, unhappy deprived (lqfo/kk laiUu nq[kh nfjnz )

While we want to be – tcfd ge gksuk pkgrs gSa&

3. Having physical facility, happy prosperous (lqfo/kk laiUu lq[kh le`))

Find out
▪ Where are we now – at 1, 2 or 3 and
▪ Where do we want to be?
vius esa tkap dj ns[ksa&
▪ vHkh ge dgka gS\& 1] 2 ;k 3 esa vkSj
▪ dgka gksuk pkgrs gSa\

34
But Resources are Not the Problem!
…by the time you finish reading this book (approx.
6 hrs) 400 people would have died of hunger or
diseases caused by hunger…

Contrary to popular opinion, malnutrition and

starvation are not the result of over-population,
of poor climate or lack of cultivatable land…

The other half is dying because the first half is

not rightly utilizing the resources...

Hunger is not a scourge but a scandal

35
Resources are already in Plenty!
Of the 4.2 billion tons of food produced, more than 1 billion tons of food is lost or wasted every
year, UN-backed report finds (11 May 2011)

About a third of all the food produced for human consumption each year – or roughly 1.3 billion tons – is
lost or wasted, according to a new study commissioned by the United Nations Food and Agriculture
Organization (FAO)

Global Food Production is 6 times requirement

Global Food Wastage is 1/3rd of production
Wastage is enough to feed 1300 crore people/year
Have we understood right utilisation?
Is it a question of production?
Is it a question of distribution?
Is it a question of relationship?
Is it a question of right understanding?
It is a question of education
http://www.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=38344&Cr=fao&Cr1

36
Even Small Individual Choices Add Up. E.g. Choice of Food
20% of all life produced on land every year is harvested for human purposes

14-16 kg grain & 21,000 litres of water 1 kg meat

The world's cattle alone (not including other livestock) annually consume food grains enough for 8.7 billion
people

Land use – 3¼ acres/person on meat diet vs 0.2 acres/person on veg diet

20% Amazon rain forest (the size of California) destroyed since 1970
80% of this land is used for cattle raising

By feeding grain to livestock, we lose 90% of the protein, 96% of the calories, 99% of its carbohydrates,
and 100% of the fiber. Animal-based diets are high in saturated fat, excessive protein and cholesterol,
leading to heart disease and stroke (nearly 50% of all deaths in the US)

Video (1 min)
http://www.planetaryrenewal.org/ipr/vegetarian.html

37
Transformation (ladze.k) = Holistic Development (fodkl)
Is development just in increasing physical
facility or development is ensuring of all 3?

Is this transformation desirable?

Are we making effort for it?

Do we need to make effort for it?

s s
g re
o
Pr l
o n &
d k
a ti fo
form k& .
a n s
Ø e
Tr la
We will explore into the effort
required for transformation,
for holistic development
38
Role of Education-Sanskar: To Enable Transformation
Holistic development is transformation to Human Consciousness

The role of education-sanskar is to enable this transformation by way of ensuring the

development of the competence to live with human consciousness and definite human
conduct

For this, it has to ensure

1. Right understanding in every child
2. The capacity to live in relationship with the other human being
3. The capacity to identify the need of physical facility,
the skills and practice for sustainable production of more than what is required – leading to
the feeling of prosperity

39
Required for Transformation Present State
1. Right understanding in every child Missing
2. The capacity to live in relationship with
the other human being Missing

3. The capacity to identify the need of

physical facility,
the skills and practice for sustainable Identification of need of physical facility is
production of more than what is required missing.
right utilisation of physical facility The willingness to produce by way of labour
is also missing.
leading to the feeling of prosperity
The core feeling generated is
to accumulate more & more,
to consume more & more,
(rather than to produce more & more…)

40
Problems = Indication of Lack of Effort for Holistic Development
Most of the problems we see around us are really only the symptoms of human beings not living
with human consciousness

The basic effort is required to ensure human consciousness

(through human education)
Human Education
Human Consciousness

Human Values

Human Conduct
Human Character
Human Society

Ultimately it will result in a human tradition,

in which the human goal is fulfilled for all,
generation after generation
41
Outcome of Human Education-Sanskar

Understanding of
Harmony
Harmony in Human Being
Harmony in Family
Harmony in Society
Harmony in Nature/Existence
VALUES
Guided Skills guided by values

Living in Harmony
As an Individual
In the Family
In the Society
In Nature/Existence
SKILLS

MUTUAL HAPPINESS MUTUAL PROSPERITY

(mHk; lq[k) (mHk; le`f)) 42
Human Being Living with Human Consciousness

Understanding
Understanding
Understanding Harmony
Harmony:

Education –
1 RIGHT UNDERSTANDING - Harmony in Human Being
(le>) - Harmony in Family
- Harmony in Society
in the self - Harmony in
Nature/Existence

Living inin Harmony

Sanskar – Living

2 RELATIONSHIP 3 Living Harmony

PHYSICAL FACILITY at all levels of being:
(laca/k) - Individual
(lqfo/kk)
with human - Family
being with rest of nature - Society
- Nature/Existence

MUTUAL HAPPINESS MUTUAL PROSPERITY

(mHk; lq[k) (mHk; le`f)) 43
Societal implications of living with Human Consciousness
Human
Consciousness
1
RIGHT UNDERSTANDING
in the Self ekuo psruk
– Understanding Harmony
in Human Being, Family,
Society, Nature/Existence

2 JUSTICE in 3 PARTICIPATION in
RELATIONSHIP LARGER ORDER
with Human with Nature
Being - From Family
- from Family to Order to World
World Family Family Order

MUTUAL HAPPINESS FULFILMENT of HUMAN GOAL

UNDIVIDED SOCIETY UNIVERSAL HUMAN ORDER
44
Workshop/Course Content Process
Proposals Self-exploration, self-verification
(about harmony at various levels
for your self-exploration)
Desired Achievement
-Harmony in Human Being
Individual Transformation
-Harmony in Family
– Right Understanding
-Harmony in Society (Understanding Harmony)
-Harmony in Nature/Existence – Happiness & Prosperity
(Living in Harmony)

Societal Transformation
– Humane Society

45
Self Reflection
Can you see that you have the faculty of natural acceptance?
- It is innate, a part and parcel of our being
- It is invariant, uncorrupted by pre-conditioning
- It is definite

Find out how you feel when your desire is in accordance with your natural acceptance – happy or
unhappy?

46
Sum Up
∙ Basic aspiration of a human being is continuity of happiness and prosperity.
∙ Fulfilment of the basic aspiration requires right understanding, relationship and physical facility
with the correct priority
∙ If a person is working only for physical facilities, then he/she is living with animal consciousness
∙ If a person is working for all the three, i.e. right understanding, relationship and physical facility
with the correct priority, then he/she is living with human consciousness.
∙ Transformation from animal consciousness to human consciousness is holistic development.

47
Practice Session after Lecture 4
∙ Watch the video “Story of Stuff”. It is a documentary about the materials economy – its
motivation, process and outcome. It has been produced by a set of concerned people
at storyofstuff.org, USA (source: http://storyofstuff.org/movies/story-of-stuff/). Discuss
▪ The activities and efforts made by the people shown in the video
▪ The outcomes of these efforts
▪ How their activities are motivated by their notion of happiness (physical facility = happiness. More
shopping, physical facility = more happiness)? Is this and any other notions of happiness their own
notions or they are programmed by advertisements, others?Does this notion seem to be true or is it
getting the people into the loop of more and more physical facility only?
▪ Do reflect on your own notion of happiness – is it your own notion or is it borrowed from others?

∙ Make a list of your desires. Now for each item on the list, find out what would be
necessary to fulfil it, i.e. will it require:
▪ Right understanding?
▪ Relationship (right feeling)?
▪ Physical facility?
(observations on the next slide)

48
Practice Session after Lecture 4…
∙ If it requires more than one of these, mark which one is the higher priority. Explain your
conclusion from this exercise.
∙ Can all your aspirations be fulfilled just by physical facility?
∙ Is right understanding required for the fulfilment of none, some or all of your aspirations?
∙ Is relationship required for the fulfilment of none, some or all of your aspirations?
∙ Can one be substituted for the other (e.g. can right understanding be substituted by physical
facility). If they are distinct things, what are their key characteristics (or what are the key
differences between right understanding, relationship and physical facility)?
∙ What is the priority order of these three?
∙ In your education, should all three be included? To put it another way, should your education
be only about skills or should it be about skills that are guided by human values?
∙ The problems that you see around you – are they more due to lack of physical facility or more
due to lack of right understanding and right feeling?
∙ Keep this list handy, because we intend to use the same list in future practice sessions as well.

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Expected Outcome
∙ The students start finding that right understanding is the basic need of human being; followed
by relationship and physical facility. Understanding about all these three needs to be included
in education. In fact, technical education without inculcation of human values can generate
more problems than solutions.
∙ They appreciate the need to understand happiness and make a programme for it.
∙ They also start feeling that lack of understanding of human values is the root cause of all
problems and the sustained solution could emerge only through understanding of human
values and value-based living.

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FAQs for Lecture 4
Holistic Development and the Role of Education
Right Understanding, Relationship and Physical Facility
Questions
∙If we all become happy, development will stop, isn’t it?

∙I think physical facility is most basic and important human need. Even Maslow’s
hierarchy of needs puts physical needs at the base. How can you say that RU is the first
priority?

∙For a person dying of hunger, what is the first priority?

∙Animals also need relationship. How can we say that animals need only physical
facilities?

∙…

52
Self Reflection
Question(s) 2 : Human Aspirations Response
If we all become happy, development will stop,
isn’t it?

Look around – there is so much of poverty,

joblessness, etc. By speaking about such an
idealistic state, will we not mislead the next
generation away from development; from
making progress?

54
Transformation (ladze.k) = Holistic Development (fodkl)

s s
o gre
Pr l
n&
d k
tio
a f o
f or m
. k &
Øe
ns
r a
T la

55
Question(s) 3 : Need for Physical Facility Response
I think physical facility is most basic and
important human need. Even Maslow’s
hierarchy of needs puts physical needs at the
base. How can you say that RU is the first
priority?

How does Maslow’s hierarchy of needs fit into

this?

In the theory of Maslow's need of hierarchy -

Physical facility is the most basic requirement
and you are saying that it is the third priority?
How is it so?

56
Focus on Physical Facility Focus on Happiness and Prosperity

#1 Right understanding in the self

#2 Right feeling in the self, relationship with

human being

#3 Physical facility with rest of nature

57
58
Needs: Animal Consciousness Needs: Human Consciousness

#1 Right understanding
in the self

#2 Right feeling in the self,

relationship with human being

#3 Physical facility
with rest of nature
59
Question(s) 4 : Need for Physical facility Response
For a person dying of hunger, what is the first
priority?

Can anyone work for right understanding when

he has no physical facility? Then how can RU
be first priority?

60
Resources are already in Plenty!
Of the 4.2 billion tons of food produced, more than 1 billion tons of food is lost or wasted every
year, UN-backed report finds (11 May 2011)

About a third of all the food produced for human consumption each year – or roughly 1.3 billion tons – is
lost or wasted, according to a new study commissioned by the United Nations Food and Agriculture
Organization (FAO)

Global Food Production is 6 times requirement

Global Food Wastage is 1/3rd of production
Wastage is enough to feed 1300 crore people/year
Have we understood right utilisation?
Is it a question of production?
Is it a question of distribution?
Is it a question of relationship?
Is it a question of right understanding?
It is a question of education
http://www.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=38344&Cr=fao&Cr1

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But Resources are Not the Problem!
…by the time you finish reading this book (approx. 6 hrs) 400
people would have died of hunger or diseases caused by
hunger…

Contrary to popular opinion, malnutrition and starvation are not

the result of over-population, of poor climate or lack of
cultivatable land…

The other half is dying because the first half is not rightly
utilizing the resources...

Hunger is not a scourge but a scandal

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Question(s) 5 : Other Needs Response
Where do we place health here in the priority Health of Self
as human consciousness?
Health of Relationship (Mutual Fulfilment)

Health of the Body… Rest of the Physical

World (Mutual Enrichment)

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Question(s) 6 : Comparing with Animals Response
Animals also need relationship. How can we
say that animals need only physical facilities?

Why are we demeaning animals?

Animals have higher level of right

understanding, that’s why they are in harmony.
Isn’t it?

Why do we need to at all compare human

beings with animals?

64
Animals living with they are in harmony this is fine
animal consciousness

Human being living with they are in harmony this is fine

human consciousness

Human being living with they are in disharmony this is the

animal consciousness problem

65
Question(s) 7: Relationship Response
There is competition, ‘struggle for survival’, Nature – underlying design = ?
‘survival of the fittest’ all around. Don’t you Struggle or mutual fulfilment?
agree that this is true?
Our way of looking at things
In science, we have studied the theory of our feeling (which may include opposition)
evolution (Darwin’s theory) – struggle for sanskar (which may be biased)
survival and survival of the fittest. What is the or
use of talking about harmony and cooperation?
our naturally acceptable feeling
our natural acceptance (for relationship,
harmony, co-existence)

Our thoughts, actions depend on our

perspective (our own creation)

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There is competition, ‘struggle for survival’, Examine yourself in this example.
‘survival of the fittest’ all around. Don’t you There are two people in a room.
agree that this is true? Both are hungry.
The available food is sufficient for just one
In science, we have studied the theory of person.
evolution (Darwin’s theory) – struggle for
survival and survival of the fittest. What is the
Who will get the food – the stronger person or
use of talking about harmony and cooperation?
the weaker person?

Going by this theory, the stronger person will

take the food.

But what if the strong one is the mother?

Wherever there is a feeling of relationship…

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Question(s) 8 : Relationship Response
I feel the expectations in relationship are a 2 aspects in relationship
major cause of unhappiness. So, if we do 1. Feeling in me – for all
away with these expectations, then we will Trust? – I can be comfortable, fearless
automatically become happy – and that is my
(but I will evaluate the comp.)
right understanding. Do you agree?
happiness
or
I do not feel the need to be in relationship with
everyone that I come across. Why do I need to Mistrust? – I will be uncomfortable,
be related to others whom I do not feel fearful unhappiness
connected with?
2. Fulfilment of those feelings
a)Expect the fulfilment by the other – depending on,
considering their competence
b) From our side, we make effort to fulfil those
feelings for those in the vicinity (start from close
family and slowly expand… ultimately to all? –
depends on our competence…)
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Options in relationship
I continue to work for relationship without
expecting immediate change in the other

I continue to work for relationship and

expecting immediate change in the other

be indifferent

Live with opposition

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Question(s) 9 : Role of Education Response
What does definite conduct mean? Will human Definite conduct at the level of expression,
beings not become robots like that? follow the norms of the society, programmed
by others?

Or

Follow your own natural acceptance?

-Feeling of relationship (trust, respect…)
-Interacting with others with these feelings
(understanding, feeling is definite,
expression will have lot of creativity)
Will be able to appreciate different cultures,
different expressions…

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Question(s) 10: Societal Implications Response
Undivided society sounds like a utopian 1. What is desirable (what is our natural
society. It is an ideal state which can never be acceptance) love… undivided society
realized, so why to talk about it? 2. How do we go about it? Make effort
towards what is desirable and feasible
(start with understanding (developing a
holistic world view)…. then feeling….
thought… action)
3. Also can check where we will end up /
reach with any other option e.g. every
nation trying to dominate other nations is
the present direction 50% resources
preparing for war… what is the result?

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