KOTO 8

IBS
Energy Efficient Building
System Information Guide

www.kotocorp.com [email protected]
 Koto Product Brand Names
Check availability from your local Koto Supplier as some products may
not be available in every country.

Foundations:
a. K-Pod Foundation System for Raft Slabs. (1.2m x 1.2m x .140mm)
b. Koto Spacers for accurate positioning of K-Pods (Plastic)
c. Koto Screw Piles for Koto Amphibious Homes (Steel Type with
Stabilizer)

Koto IBS Energy Efficient Wall Panels:

a. Koto 8 150mm Standard Series
b. Koto 8 200mm Standard Series
c. Koto 8 Extreme Series
d. Koto 8 Earthquake / Cyclonic Panel

K-Deck Flooring Panels:

a. 100mm Thick Standard K-Deck Panels
b. Made to Order Panels

Koto Roof Panels:

a. Standard 100mm Thick Koto Roof Panels
b. 125mm Thick Koto Roof Panels
c. 150mm Thick Koto Roof Panels

Sundry Items:
a. Koto Joint Paste
b. Koto Skim-Coat
c. Koto Polymer
d. Koto Helix Screw Fixings
K-Pods:
Step 1: Place plastic sheet over
properly prepared soil.

Step 2: Place plastic Spacers. These 4

way spacer insure the steel bar once
placed in in exactly the correct place.

Step 3: Soil to slop 1-2 degrees away

from the K-Pod Foundation

Step 4: All edge beams (perimeter

beam) to be wider than the Koto 8
panel.

Step 5: In Asia a 450mm wide

footpath is cast at the same time the
concrete is poured floor slab.

Step 6: Place appropriate formwork

so concrete can be poured.

Step 7: To prohibit termites from

entering into the house via the
plumbing pipe, place a square section
of stainless steel mesh and secure
with a stainless steel hose clamp
prior to pouring the concrete

Fast and Accurate

Not effected by overnight
rain
A network of beams
Correct steel placement
Engineers choice
 Step 8:

Begin pouring concrete in

accordance to the building code.

It is more practical to concrete

from the edges to the centre and
work backwards to zero starting
point.

Step 9: While placing

concrete, insert the steel
bars that have a 150mm
long 90degree into the
substrate. The engineer
nominated size of bar to
extend into the centre of
the thickened edge beam
& 450mm above the
slab.

Step 10:

All Slabs to be finished

with:-

A: Helicopter

B: Vibrating screed This

procedure provides a good
surface so tiles will never
delaminate in the future.

K-Pods creates a perfect

raft slab by connecting a
network of beams to a
thickened edge beam around the perimeter of the slab.
K-Pod Spacer:
K-Pod Spacers are multi-directional and
when placed on the plastic ground cover
insures the foundation Pods support the
steel reinforcing in exactly the correct
position ready for concrete placement
and insure the network of beams are
exactly the same.

In the event of rain there are no

trenches to fill and clog with mud and debris making the K-Pod an excellent raft
foundation system.

Standard Dimension Koto Wall Panels:

150 Series:
Item Wide Length Height
1 150mm 1.2m 2.1m
2 150mm 1.2m 1.2m
3 150mm 1.2m .900mm
4 150mm 1.2m .600mm

5 150mm 1.8m 1.2m

6 150mm 1.8m .900mm
7 150mm 1.8m .600mm

Core Hole Information – 150mm series Panels:

Core Hole Dimensions are:- 120mm x .80mm @ 200mm centres

To calculate the m3 volume of concrete required to fill one core hole, multiply
the height of the wall x .120mm x .80mm.
Koto 150 Series Panel Continued….

Koto Length Height Wide m2 Panel Kg Core Hole

Panel Weight Dimension
150 Series 1.2 .9 .150 1.08 17.31 120x80@200
1.2 1.2 .150 1.44 23.08 “ “ “
1.8 1.2 .150 1.62 23.08 “ “ “
1.8 1.2 .150 2.16 33.5 “ “ “
1.2 2.1 .150 2.52 40.38 “ “ “

Note: Bond-Beam Panel can be cut to suit any application from

any of the Standard Koto Panels

Koto 150 Series Panel – m3 Concrete Volume

Guide

No: of Core Holes Dimensions m3 Concrete per Total m3

Malaysian Standard core hole
1 3m x .120 x.080 .0288 .0288
20 3m x .120 x .080 .576 .576
30 3m x .120 x .080 .864 .864
40 3m x .120 x .080 1.152 1.152
60 3m x .120 x .080 1.728 1.728
100 3m x .120 x .080 2.88 2.88

Note: Bond-Beam Panels Example: a .110mm wide x .200mm

deep bond-beam requires .016 m3 per lineal metre
Standard Dimension Koto Wall Panels:

200 Series:
Item Wide Length Height
1 200mm 1.2m 2.1m
2 200mm 1.2m 1.2m
3 200mm 1.2m .900mm
4 200mm 1.2m .600mm

5 200mm 1.8m 1.2m

6 200mm 1.8m .900mm
7 200mm 1.8m .600mm

Core Hole Information – 200mm series Panels:

Core Hole Dimensions are:- 100mm x 100mm @ 200mm centres

To calculate the m3 volume of concrete required to fill one core hole, multiply
the height of the wall x .100mm x .100mm.

Koto 200 Series Panel Continued…..

Koto Length Height Wide m2 Panel Kg Core Hole
Panel Weight Dimension
200 Series 1.2 .9 .200 1.08 17.45 100x100@200
1.2 1.2 .200 1.44 23.45 “ “ “
1.8 .9 .200 1.62 26.5 “ “ “
1.8 1.2 .200 2.16 33.95 “ “ “
1.2 2.1 .200 2.52 43.39 “ “ “

Note: Bond-Beam Panel can be cut to suit any application from

any of the Standard Koto Panels
Koto 200 Series Panel – m3 Concrete Volume
Guide

Core Holes Dimensions m3 Concrete per core Total m3 Concrete

hole
1 x core hole 3m x .100 x .100 .03 .03
20 x core holes 3m x .100 x .100 .6 .6
30 x core holes 3m x .100 x .100 .9 .9
40 x core holes 3m x .100 x .100 1.2 1.2
60 x core holes 3m x .100 x .100 1.8 1.8
100 x core holes 3m x .100 x .100 3 3

Note: Bond-Beam Panels Example: a .110mm wide x .200mm

deep bond-beam requires .02 m3 per lineal metre

Packaging Koto 8 Panel Forms:

Above: Koto 8 Product ex-factory stock is readily available for large projects.
Typical Koto 8 IBS Panel Forms:

Top: Typical 150mm Form Bottom: Typical 200mm Form

Koto Bond Beam Panel Forms:

Right: Koto Bond Beam Forms

are placed on top of either the

Vertical / Horizontal Combo

Option installation, OR, the

Horizontal Option Installation.

5 Times Raking to External wall

Left: All external core-hole

corners on perimeter walling

will be RC filled as shown in

the drawing to the left.

A continuous corner as shown

amounts to 3 times raking.
When 2 x bars are installed
each side of openings an
additional 2 times raking is
gained totally 5 times raking in
the external walling.

These columns are tied to the

thickened edge beam through
the column to the bond-beam
herein providing a load bearing wall or diaphragm system
On Site Option:- for Plumb Straight Corners:

Mitre cut a 45 degree angle to create a corner panel

For a true corner to insure the fibre reinforced composite optimizes the
strength, the contractor can cut a 45 degree miter cut to both corner
panels and remove the web between core holes where required.

Bond the two panels together with Koto J.B. Paste. Use J.B. Paste to apply
a 100mm wide strip if fiberglass mesh to the external and internal joints
and allow to dry.

Place steel and pour concrete.

Koto Helix Fixing Screws:
Options of Fixing the Helix Screw

1: Screw in anywhere with the hex

head socket already provided
2: Drill an over-size hole, fill with Koto
joint paste and screw helix into paste.

3: Spread a construction adhesive to

the back of the Helix screw, flowed by
screwing into the wall section.

Popular “Rule of Thumb” when Designing with “Low

Dead Load Weight” Koto Panel Forms:

For normal conditions the general consensus is as a guide:-

150mm wide panels:- Single story homes, links houses, resorts etc
200mm wide panels:- Use from 2 stories to 5 stories
Multi-Story building of any height use either of the above as an infill
between columns and beam construction.

Always refer to your structural engineer for specific advice as there are large
savings to be enjoyed in multi-level construction with low dead load weight Koto
materials.

Benefits using Koto 8 construction methodology as a “Permanent Formwork” for

single and double story buildings include:- less transport, no cranes, can use
supervised unskilled work force, no plastering, easy M & E without the need to
hack, high-speed construction, cost effective foundations, early completion
schedules etc.

What is a Koto 8 Form?

 KOTO 8 building system is light weight form panels which provide
permanent formwork to reinforced concrete columns for column and
beam construction of buildings.
The columns are produced by reinforcing and concrete filling vertical
cores and horizontal beams in the KOTO panels.

For Single Story Houses where there are little vertical forces,
the structure need be designed for racking forces only. For this the
columns are spaced apart in the external walls and a bond beam built
into the panels across the top of the walls. The KOTO 8 panels serve as
the walls between the columns and the bond beams also serve as
anchorage.

For Multi-Level Construction the system is also designed as column

and beam. The columns are produced by reinforcing and concreting all cores in
the Koto 8 panels give continuous rows of columns, which are connected to
concrete slabs. The columns carry the vertical loads and resist the racking forces
in flexure. The concrete slabs serve the same purpose as beams. The KOTO 8
panels infill between the columns and together serves the purpose of walls.
Schematic Drawing:
Please Note the proper procedures for a permanent structure in accordance to
code is shown in the schematic drawing:-

1. K-Pod Forms
2. K-Pod Spacers
3. Thickened Edge Beam
4. Steel bar in accordance to engineers shops drawing
5. BRC to the top of the K-Pod
6. Starter bar extending down deep into the thickened edge beam
7. Koto Pre-Finished wall Panel Form
8. RC concrete filling the Koto Panel Form where specified
9. Power Float Finish to the concrete surface

Options for Installing Koto 8 Wall Forms:

The Vertical and Horizontal Combo Option of installing Koto wall
Forms

2.1m vertical Koto wall panels align to top of window & door frames.
The top horizontal bond-beam panel can be .6 - .9, or1.2 high, or cut to
suit application.
Tongue & groove connectors are on top, bottom, and each end of the
Koto Panels for easy and accurate installation
Lintels: Flip the panel upside down that will sit over the opening. Cut out
a section the depth of the required lintel. Push a rio bar into the form so
its self-supporting. Flip the panel back to the upright position. ( this takes
about 1 minute ) When pouring concrete to the columns/bond-beam, the
 lintel will automatically fill. The Koto panel is acting as a permanent form
making lintels a very easy task.

The above method is a fast efficient method of delivery with minimal joints
which is preferred by many western or European installers.

If using with a standard wall height this methodology is very fast to install as all
components are standard.

The Horizontal Option of installing Koto wall Forms:

Use any combination of Standard Horizontal Koto wall form panels such
as 600, 900 or 1.2m high by either 1.2m or 1.8m long to suit your module
size making designing with modules easy…...
The top Koto Form Panel will be a pre-cut Bond-beam Panel for super-
fast and easy installation.
Corners Panels to be are cut at 45 Degree (preferred method for point to
point accuracy and alignment), However, butt jointed method can also be
used on site as shown in the diagram right, but point to point is superior
allowing for 3 reinforcement bars to the corner.
Koto mono or flat roof Form Panels have in-built stiffeners that are fixed
into the exterior wall bond-beam and a centre support beam.
 Where gable-end roof is specified, it can be supported off a longitudinal
beam, or extended height of the interior partition wall.

The horizontal method of installation is ideal in severe seismic and cyclonic

regions as each panel can be easily converted to a bond-beam panel if called up
by a professional engineer.

Another installer’s option if he has multiple, whole long walls, can be assembled
horizontally on the concrete floor slab, and then raised into position in one large
piece with a crane making the Koto 8 an extremely versatile Form.

Installing Koto 8 Wall Forms to the Floor Slab:

1) With a power float floor
and starter bar inserted deep
into the thickened edge beam
workers now check diagonals
and set out their dimensions by
flicking in a Chalk Line to the
inner side where the fist panels
Forms will be set. Mix the Koto
Joint paste and apply to the
substrate. Now place the Form
over the starter bar onto the
wet adhesive.
2) On the perimeter wall the
team will install the Koto
Windows as they go.

The cold rolled windows have

an allowance for the next form
to fit firmly into any side of the
window frame.

Each Koto 8 Form has a male

and female connection allowing
for easy and accurate
installation of window and door
frames.
 3) Internal partition Door Frames are
also installed as you go. Installers must
check with a quality spirit level for
perpendicular and plumb.
Usually interior doors and Door Lock
Sets come with the package when
ordered.
Timber or aluminium window and
door frames can also be used,
however, we recommend fitting a
protective architrave to the frame
edges.

4) Double sliding doors in accordance

to the code are also installed as the
contractor goes.

Important Note:
RC columns with two steel bars are
fitted each side of any exterior
opening and one column minimum to
each side of the partition wall frames.

In most applications with a continuous

three corner RC pour and two RC cores
either side of an opening on the
perimeter wall will provide three (3)
times raking.

Right:

Standard Cold Rolled Metal

galvanised dipped Window and
Door Frames as shown in the above
affordable housing projects.
Understanding the Koto 8 IBS Insulated Energy Efficient
Wall Form:

Above Left:

Koto 8 Panel Form mounted in a Test Rig under load. As we have seen the Koto
Form is a Permanent Formwork that allows designers, engineers and
contractors to quickly calculate and install these as structural elements by
engineering the columns and beams inside.

Above Right:

R.C. Columns and Beams previously poured inside the Koto 8 Panel Form. This
is what a professional engineer is engineering.

Left:

This 200mm x 100mm earthquake column

shows 2 bars and stirrups, whereas, low
wind-speed or low seismic regions would
only require 100mm x 100mm columns
with 1 bar in accordance to a professional
engineers calculations.
Engineers are engineering the RC columns and Beams”

The drawings demonstrate RC placement to Corners

right, and Openings above.

Webs can be cut out between the core holes and two bars installed
demonstrating the versatility of the Koto 8 IBS system.
Right: Starter Bars on level
two bond beam are ready for
the next level to be added for
this commercial “Birds House”
Farm in Northern Borneo.
These 70m x 24 m x 3 level
building are completed in
remote locations in just 21
days and yield high volume
birds’ nests.

Joint Flushing:

Flushing Joints between two

Koto 8 Forms is quickly and
easily performed by using
Koto Joint Paste while
holding the trowel on an
acute angel and saturate a
100mm length of alkali
resistant fibreglass over the
joint.

Above: Note the metal security window frames leave a protective architrave
around the window and Koto 8 panels Forms quickly mount directly into any
side of the frame. As no screws or tools are required these windows install in
30 seconds.
Koto 8 IBS Wall Panel Forms and High-Rise Construction:

Mega High-Rise Construction:

For multi-level buildings over 6 stories high the methodology to use Koto 8
Forms is simple.

Columns and Beam will be constructed and the Koto 8 Panels become Infill
Panels. These can be either Load Bearing OR Non-Load Bearing which the
engineer will calculate.

Large savings for foundations can be expected due to Koto Low Dead Load
Weight IBS Panel Forms.
K-Deck IBS Flooring Forms:

What is a Koto Floor-

Deck Form?
An engineered pre-stiffened, pre-
coated insulated energy efficient form
that allows for easy fast installation for
spans up to 4.8m long compatible with
Koto walling systems with a built in
“Creep Factor” for seismic regions.

For longer spans a professional engineer to update the basic engineering

for multi-story buildings which essentially is steel sizing and concrete after
live and dead loads are calculated.

Benefits of using an IBS Flooring Form:

Koto Floor-Deck Forms allow for the placement of forms

without the need for scaffold.

In many applications Koto Floor-Deck Forms simply span from

bond-beam to bond0beam.

In other applications Koto Beams and Columns can be set to

place the Koto Floor-Deck Forms on.

Contractors can immediately walk on the Koto Floor-Deck Form

as soon as they are placed.

Only minimum props are required just before pouring concrete

herein allowing for work to continue seamlessly
 Koto Screw Pile or hand
formed Column & Beams to
the 45 degree mountain site
are the best options not to
damage a precious
landscape ready for the
platform to take shape.

Pre-factory made and pre-stiffened

Koto Flooring Forms are loaded onto
the column and beam structure.

Note: As soon as the Koto Flooring

Forms are place without scaffold
underneath workers can immediately
walk on top of the forms to prepare for
the next stage.

The only footprint of trees removed on

this 45-65 degree mountain site is the
actual land space to install the Koto 3
level home.

Practically zero scaffold was required.

Below:
Mountain Side Homes / Chalets completed with zero damage to the
environment.
Koto Beams, Flooring and Finishing ready for next level
on an Elevated Site:

Above:
I. Top Left: Koto Beams Ex-Factory are simply slotted into the Koto wall
Panel Forms. Steel is placed and ready for Concrete.
II. Top Right: The Pre-Stiffened Koto Flooring Forms complete with
services and BRC mesh positioned is receiving high speed concrete
pumping.
III. Bottom Left: Minimum props required for the concrete placement
above is a bonus as it allows for other trades to complete their scope of
works without having to wait for concrete to cure and removal of props
normally used in conventional construction.
IV. Bottom Right: Concrete floor completed with Power Float Finish,
Services positioned for level two and Steel Starter Bars in position with
next course of Koto wall panels already bonded to the substrate.
Installing with Koto Roof-Deck Forms:

Koto IBS Roof Panels are pre-Stiffened Forms that allow for workers to span
them across to roof area without interior scaffolding

As soon as they are placed a Double Acting Roof Tie is inserted into the bond
beam and fitted off against wind up draughts.

Metal sheeting can be immediately screwed to the stiffeners or the Roof-Deck

can be waterproofed as is. In the interior the ceiling becomes the roof and fans
or lights can be fitted to the stiffeners.
Below:

The Roof is the Ceiling – only it’s insulated from the hot sun to maximise
energy efficiency in the home.

Left: The Roof is the Ceiling. Right: Simple way for drop-down ceilings

Right: A Koto Dual Roof Panel Bracket for

fixing 2 panels to the bond beam. Usually pre-
drilled, to screw into the metal stiffener.
Bracket for Standard Steel or Timber Roof Trusses:

Traditional Roof Tie-Down

Brackets are used when using
galvanised steel trusses.

Brackets to be placed into wet

concrete at the consulting
engineer’s specification.

Koto Pre-Stiffened & Pre-Coated Roof Panels:

Koto are easy to position into place “without” the need for
underside scaffolding.
Soon as you place the Koto Roof-Panels into position you can
immediately walk on them.
No need to pay for false ceiling.
Fans and lights can be fixed directly into the in-built stiffeners.
As the Koto Roof Panels are pre-finished – flushing and painting is
all that’s required.
Choices of thicknesses are available to suit the specific U-value
requirement – Koto Roof Panels prohibits heat transfer to the
interior.
Contractors have the choice of laying roof sheet to the inbuilt
stiffeners, 30-40mm of concrete to the substrate or
waterproofing the Koto Roof Panel.
Mono roofs tie into the bond-beam, whereas a gable roof ties to
a beam extended from each end of the building.
In some countries contractors use the Koto Roof Panels as a
ceiling and install a traditional truss roof on top.
Additional stiffeners can be embedded should a water tank be
installed, however, Koto has various water tank designs that are
flat and form part of the substrate.
 There are a number of fixing methodologies
for the Koto Roof Panels.

In sub-zero temperatures adverse Koto

Roof Panels are recommended.
The advantage of a Koto Roof Form is its
ability to change to suit the environment
albeit it cyclonic or seismic regions.
Shingles are easily fixed to the Koto Roof
Panel
Koto Super Solar Film panels adhere directly to the panel – that
work far more efficiently than the usual crystalline cells.
Koto Roof Panels can Harvest water
Koto Walling Panels and Koto Roofing Panel provide the most
energy efficient home in the market place today
These homes are ideal for “Off-the-Grid” housing
In Europe 60% of pensioners money is wasted on heating in severe
winters – by using Koto energy efficient housing their energy cost
in severe winters would be approximate 2% of their pension.

Notation for Designers:

Koto urges designers to design to the modules shown in the wall dimensions
grid.

This way zero waste is reconciled for the client adding to other savings such as
transport, labour costs, known concrete and steel, ability to work in inclement
weather, zero hacking required, faster M & E, reduced sizing of air-conditioners
and or heaters pending the clients climatic region, waterproof, greatly reduced
energy costs etc.

A Koto home does not suffer from “Sick Building Syndrome”.

 One of the many tie
down options when
tying to a R.C. bond
beam.

Others include pre-bent

steel over lashing, metal
brackets or simply
reinforcing steel driven
over the roof panel
stiffeners.

Another typical method of tying down

roof trusses to the RC Bond beam as
found in conventional construction
 Tie-Down:
Typical Tie-Down of the
Roof through the
column to the
thickened edge beam:

This is how the inside of

a single column.

This R.C. column and

Beam is what a
professional Engineer is
engineering.

Easy Tips for Timber Flooring Bracketing:

Where required, Koto Timber Floor Brackets

are designed to hook under the lower bond-
beam bar prior to pouring concrete.

Typical timber flooring can be quickly fixed to

the timber beam anchored in the bracket.

Window & Door Opening.

Typical Window and Door Frames.

Cut the web between the core holes,

tie in 2 x bars as nominated by
engineer and fill with concrete of
specified Grade.
Koto 8 IBS for High Seismic Applications:

Above: The combination of Koto 8 Wall Forms and K-Deck connections

provides a significant high “Creep Factor” for these adverse conditions.
Optional Forms:

Above: For use in war-zone applications to prevent trucks purposely

driving through walls.

Reinforced Koto i-Form panels and the combined Koto composite using
Koto fiberglass reinforcement ( Waft & Weft stands provide 540 Kn
strength per strand woven at every 4.5mm apart).

Optional Koto “All in One” - Floor/Roof System The advantage of Koto

Forms provided architects, engineers and contractors to make design changes
instantly on site if required.

These versatile Permanent Forms eliminate waste.

Optional Forms Continued:

Koto Forms have the versatility to be custom made to suit any application, in
any dimension, with a multitude super tough finishes and reinforcements
however, most architects prefer to design using standard modules for simplicity
particular where unskilled workers may be employed. Ideal for -40 degrees or
plus 60 degree climates.

Typimcal Koto 8 Contractors

Tool Kit:
Extreme Dimension Series Koto Wall Panels:

For Extreme Sub-Zero - 40 degrees OR + 60

degrees regions
Item Wide Length Height
1 250mm 1.2m 2.1m
2 300mm 1.2m 2.1m
3 350mm 1.2m 2.1m

4 250mm 1.2m 1.2m

5 300mm 1.2m .900mm
6 350mm 1.2m .600mm

The above Extreme Wall Panels are ideal for climates such as: Canada, Russia,
Europe etc OR, Saudi Arabia or extreme hot climates and OR, Fluctuating
temperature climatic conditions.

Optionally Koto Extreme panels can be used for “Special Buildings”, or any
extreme region desiring to minimise high energy costs.

Above: Extreme Wall Panel for Extreme Insulation in Extreme Climates.

Koto Earthquake Panels:

Note: These panels have been scheduled into the system of limited Koto
Manufacturing Facilities in 2014 due to the changes made in New Zealand and
Philippines building codes as a result of excessive increases in earthquakes and
tornadoes in both countries.

Item Wide Length Height

1 200 1.8 1.2m
2 200 1.8 .900mm
3 200 1.8 .600mm
Item Wide Length Height
1 200 1.2 1.2m
2 200 1.2 .900mm
3 200 1.2 .600mm

Core Hole Information – Earthquake series Panels:

Core Hole Dimensions are:- 200mm x .100mm @ 300mm centres

To calculate the m3 volume of concrete required to fill one core hole, multiply
the height of the wall x .200mm x .100mm.

Practical Places for Koto Extreme IBS Forms:

Sub-Zero Temperatures
Hot Tropical Environments
Wind Driven cold or hot rain regions
Fluctuating temperature regions
Contractors Tool Kit:

These tools fit into a 60 litre plastic rubbish bin doubling as a tool box.

When using Koto JP Paste or Skim-Coat the bin can be used to store Koto
Polymer for easy access and fast accurate hand mixing.

Above:

Concrete floor finishing by either a power float or vibrating screed for the
optimum finish.
Contractors Tool Kit Continued:

Lazer Level

tahap laser

tahap laser

激光水平

antas ng laser

ระดับเลเซอร์

mức laser
Tools to install a Koto Building are simple, affordable and aid the installer to
complete projects quickly and effectively.

If these tools are not in your country please advise and we can sent full kits
from Koto Malaysia with your shipping container.

Koto A and B Pack Materials:

All sundry items such as Koto Joint Paste, Koto Skim-Coat are two pack systems
designed for endurance and longevity.

Powders and liquids are safe to use with no volatile organic matter. Tools wash
up in water and this should be done regularly throughout the day as the chemical
and mechanical bond are incredibly adhesive and durable.

Koto joint flushing and skim-coats are compatible and designed to suit the Koto
Panel composites.

Use only Koto materials to insure full warranty is maintained.

Some Typical Koto Projects since 1974:
The Rimbunan Kaseh Reversing Poverty Packages: 113 Homes & Support
buildings, Fisheries, Green Houses, Infrastructure, Water, Electricity, Roads,
Drainage plus training the poorest of the poor all completed in just 100 Days.
Eco Resorts - High Rise Buildings - Commercial projects - Mass Housing
Programs - Luxury Housing - Affordable Housing - Mediterranean -
Schools - Colleges - Universities - Special Buildings - Cool rooms - Air
ports - Clinics - Buildings for Fluctuating Temperatures and More…

Koto Housing – Iris Food Security - Job Creation Package - Rembau

Tenggaroh
Terengganau
Sabah 2000 Conakry - Africa
 KOTO IBS ENERGY EFFICIENT FORMS

are used in many applications.

Contractors Feed-Back: We never return back to conventional

construction after using Koto Forms.
 Where else can Koto be applied?

KOTO Off-The-Grid – Housing:

 Totally Self-Sufficient Housing – 100% Sustainable

KOTO Zero Concrete Housing:

Zero Concrete Housing.

 KOTO Amphibious Housing:

People who live in a Region that is prone to Flooding

OR
Live on a river and would like to have an Income
Generating Home

HERE ARE
5 Good Reasons to own a
Koto Amphibious
energy efficient house:
The Diagrams below:
Exhibit how Destruction to a Home is caused by
Flooding:

Koto has a unique floatation system to overcome these factors

Koto Treated Steel Screw Piles:

Ideal for:

Koto Amphibious Housing,

Koto Zero Concrete housing,
Koto Off-The-Grid homes,
General foundations and
Use in many other applications.
For further information & advice please revert to Koto engineering:

How Does the Koto Amphibious Home Work?

1. The house design deploys Koto energy efficient panels for

flooring, walling and roofing.
2. The Kotoko screw piles are then screwed into the river or
precarious area that is known to be a flood zone (see blue Kotoko
screw pile - right)
3. The floor platform using Koto K-Deck floor is positioned onto a
sub-frame independent from the Kotoko screw piles.
4. Lubricant is poured into the screw piles and an inner sleeve is
then connected to the sub-frame
5. The floatation modules are attached and the house construction
is mounted to the sub-frame.
6. There are no connections to the outside services as all power and
sewerage is self-energized within the Koto Amphibious House.
7. As an option external decking can be fixed for additional room
and leisure activities

In the event of flooding the House immediately floats

on top of the water.
KOTO SPECIFICATIONS/BENEFITS:

Energy Efficient Koto Forms

Fire Tests in accordance to British Standards
Fire Tests in accordance to ASTM
Standard and designer made forms
Vertical or Horizontal choices
IBS manufactured system
Certified Green product
High strength tough mineral composite finishing
Load Dead Load Weight
Zero Spread of Flame
RC column and beam methodology
First established in 1974
Registered through patents office in multiple countries.
Ideal for Normal, Fluctuating, Freezing or Wind-driven hot
tropical climates and dry desert climates
Can use unskilled labour.
Large volume output for large projects
Less cost to transport
Less Labour cost to install
Ideal for high Seismic and Cyclonic regions
Installing Koto 8 Forms Horizontally in Sequence:
The following drawings demonstrate the “Horizontal Option” of installing
Koto IBS Forms in a low wind-speed environment.

The basic guidelines for drafting are demonstrated below by showing

where the RC columns and beams are poured in the following drawings.

Firstly starter bars with a 150mm right angle end will be cast into
the concrete floor slab extending 500mm above the floor slab.
The first course of Koto Forms will be bonded to the concrete floor
slab using Koto Joint Paste in accordance to the instructions for
water tightness.
Corners will have a three (3) bar continuous column.
Openings will have a two (2) bar column each side of an opening
Continuous walls with no opening will have a minimum single (1)
bar column at 4 metre lineal metre intervals.
Vertical column bars will have a 150mm right angle bend that ties
into the horizontal bond-beam bars.

Notes: Your structural engineer will increase the number of columns and
or the diameter of the bars to suit your particular environment which will
be identified in the shop drawings.

The empty core holes are ideal to run services saving on the need for
hacking.

Empty core holes can be filled with low grade mortar if desired (but not
essential as the raking on the external perimeter wall is sufficient by
following the above guidelines) will change the sound density as the sound
oscillation changes.

Webs between the ‘Core Holes” are easily removed to create larger
columns in “Standard Koto IBS Forms” making this a very flexible insulated
Permanent Form offering excellent versatility to the installer.

Koto Forms are also manufactured for “Earthquake and Cyclonic”

conditions including Koto Forms for “Extreme Climatic Conditions”.
Installing Koto IBS Forms Vertical in Sequence:

The following drawings demonstrate the “Vertical Option” of installing Koto IBS
Forms in a low wind-speed environment.

The basic guidelines for drafting are demonstrated below by showing where the
RC columns and beams are poured in the following drawings.

Firstly starter bars with a 150mm right angle end will be cast into the
concrete floor slab extending 500mm above the floor slab.
The first 2.1m high Koto Forms will be bonded to the concrete floor slab
using Koto Joint Paste in accordance to the instructions for water
tightness.
The top Bond-Beam Form is run horizontally as the top Koto Panel.
Corners will have a three (3) bar continuous column.(see drawing)
Openings will have a two (2) bar column each side of an opening
Continuous walls with no opening will have a minimum single (1) bar
column at 4 metre lineal metre intervals. (place reinforcing bars to the
centre of the core hole at all times).
Vertical column bars will have a 150mm right angle bend that ties into
the horizontal bond-beam bars.

Notes: Your structural engineer will increase the number of columns and or the
diameter of the bars to suit your particular environment which will be identified
in the shop drawings.

The empty core holes are ideal to run services therefore there is No Need to hack
holes for services. (It’s that easy)

Empty core holes can be filled with low grade mortar if desired (but not essential
as the raking on the external perimeter wall is sufficient by following the above
guidelines) will change the sound density as the sound oscillation changes.

Webs between the ‘Core Holes” are easily removed to create larger columns in
“Standard Koto IBS Forms” making this a very flexible insulated Permanent Form
offering excellent versatility to the installer.

Koto Forms are also manufactured for “Earthquake and Cyclonic” conditions
including Koto Forms for “Extreme Climatic Conditions”.
General Data in Brief:

Fire Test Results:

Koto design registered Permanent Insulated Forms, and or the
intellectual property composite surfacing has been tested many times
throughout the years in both

British Standards and ASTM Standards

By Sirim QAS Int. Department Science & Technology

Fire testing procedures are different under each standard, however Koto
Forms both successfully conform to the building codes requirements as per
one and a half hours and passed two hour fire ratings.

Reference Standard: BS 476 Part 20 1987

Method of Test: Method of determination of Fire Resistance of non-load

bearing elements of construction (General Principles).

Conclusion: British Standards Passed 2 hours

Philippines Department of Science and Technology Fire Testing under

ASTM

Koto 150 and 200 series specimen panels were tested for Fire Resistance
on March 2014.

Standard Specification stipulated under ASTM E119 Fire Test of Building

Construction Materials.
Conclusion:

The identification and description of the panels tested (KOTO 150 & 200
series) was provided by Mr. Joseph Alexander Uy, Director of Global Green
Housing Asia Inc. The Panel Koto 150 & 200 series as tested in accordance
with ASTM E119, Fire Tests of Building Construction and Materials
achieved a fire resistance rating on one hundred twenty (120) minutes
when tested with fire against interior surfaces in accordance to ASTM.

Testing for Bomba Fire Authorities performed for:-

Surface Spread of Flame Test BS 476 Part 7: 1997

Conclusion: In accordance with class definition specified in the

standard, the test results show that the samples tested has a Class One
Surface Spread of Flame.

Distance of maximum spread of flame (mm) resulted in Zero Spread.

This British Standard Test resulted in the Same Result of ASTM procedure.
 Fire Propagation Test: BS 476 Part 6: 1989+A1 2009

Conclusion: The Fire Propagation Index 1 is 5.3 for the Koto Insulated
Panel Form. Found to be far more than satisfactory results.
 SIRIM QAS International
Testing to British
Standards VIDEOS are
available on request.

Videos are 394 and 397

Mb respectively

STC Rating:
STC rating performed by Sirim QAS International Sdn Bhd

We are currently awaiting the report, however, previous reports tested in

Melbourne Australia in 1989 determined the Standard Koto panel at STC
53
Weather Tight Properties:
Beal Building Element Assessment Laboratory New Zealand (Government
Laboratory) under E2.3.2 of the Building Code of New Zealand.
8.0 CONCLUSION
8.01 BTS was able to assess the weather tightness properties of the
PPKPWS. The test wall sample was tested using the BEAL SIP weather
tightness test method, which is based on Verification Method E2/VM1
described in the compliance documents.
8.02 The test results indicate that the PPKPWS, having been subjected to
this test methodology, complies with the criteria as set out above, and
contributes to meeting the performance clause E2.3.2 of the NZ building
Code.
9.0 COMMENTS
9.01 The test developed by BTS for SIP’s has been developed to be
conservatively harsher on the product being tested to ensure the
deviations from E2/VM1 are on the very safe side. The PPKPWS showed
more than satisfactory results for such a rigorous test.

Weather Tightness Specimens

included testing of panel joints

using Koto joint paste, Koto
composites, window Frames,
plumbing protrusions, bonded
architectural elements and all
areas of the Koto Insulated Forms.

ASTM water tightness Test:

Determined in accordance with ASTM D 1037-99 Standard Test Methods

for Evaluation by Physics and Mechanical Section 1-3 April 2014

Department of Science and Technology - Laguna Philippines, a country

known for its high-speed wind driven cyclonic rain certified after
continuous water to the exterior for 24 hours moisture absorption to the
external non sealed and non-paint composite did not exceed 1.11 %
Compressive Load:

Reference Standard: Adopt ASTM E 72-98

Method of Test: Standard methods of conducting

Strength Test of Panel for Building Construction
Clause 9: Compressive Load

Results: The four separate panels were subjected

to maximum capacity of the testing frame. No
signs of failure appeared on any of the specimens.

Thermal Insulation Properties:

Tests conducted by Sirim QAS International Sdn Bhd
Test Method ISO 8990: 1994 Determination of steady-state Thermal
Transmission Properties – Guarded Hotbox Method on Koto 200mm
Standard IBS Insulated Form

Results Concluded:

British Standard: R-value 7.128

Euro Standard: U-value 0.82

Earthquake Zone Approvals:

Engineering of the Koto

earthquake IBS Forms have been
officially approved for use under
the new Earthquake Building
Code of 2014 for The Philippines
Islands and New Zealand.

Minimal adjustments to the Koto

Panels are required herein
conforming to the new
engineering amendments after
both New Zealand and the
Philippines were subjected to
increased seismic activity in 2013 and 2014.

www.kotocorp.com [email protected]

Intelligent Construction