EZIO Protocol
EZIO Protocol
INDICATIONS FOR USE
For adult and pediatric patients any time vascular access is difficult to obtain in emergent, urgent or medically necessary situations for up to 24 hours.
CONTRAINDICATIONS
Adults Pediatrics
Fracture of the targeted bone
Proximal humerus Proximal humerus Previous, significant orthopedic procedures at insertion site (e.g. prosthetic limb or joint)
Proximal tibia Proximal tibia IO in the targeted bone within the past 48 hours
Infection at area of insertion, Excessive tissue or absence of adequate anatomical landmarks
EQUIPMENT/SUPPLIES
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EZ‐IO Power Driver
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EZ‐IO Needle Set and EZ‐Connect Extension Set
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EZ‐Stabilizer Dressing
Luer lock syringe with sterile Normal Saline flush (5‐10 mL for adults, 2‐5 mL for infant/child)
ADULT INSERTION SITE IDENTIFICATION
Proximal Humerus (Adult)
1. Place the patient’s hand over the abdomen (elbow adducted and humerus internally rotated)
2. Place your palm on the patient’s shoulder anteriorly; the “ball” under your palm is the general target area
You should be able to feel this ball, even on obese patients, by pushing deeply
3. Place the ulnar aspect of your hand vertically over the axilla and the ulnar aspect of your other hand along the midline of the upper arm laterally
4. Place your thumbs together over the arm; this identifies the vertical line of insertion on the proximal humerus
5. Palpate deeply up the humerus to the surgical neck
This may feel like a golf ball on a tee – the spot where the “ball” meets the “tee” is the surgical neck
The insertion site is 1 to 2 cm above the surgical neck, on the most prominent aspect of the greater tubercle
Proximal Tibia (Adult)
1. Extend the leg.
2. Insertion site is approximately 2 cm medial to the tibial tuberosity, or approximately 3 cm below the patella and approximately 2 cm medial, along the flat aspect of the tibia.
INFANT/CHILD INSERTION SITE IDENTIFICATION
Proximal Humerus (Infant/Child)
1. Place the patient’s hand over the abdomen (elbow adducted and humerus internally rotated)
2. Place your palm on the patient’s shoulder anteriorly; the “ball” under your palm is the general target area
You should be able to feel this ball, even on obese patients, by pushing deeply
3. Place the ulnar aspect of your hand vertically over the axilla and the ulnar aspect of your other hand along the midline of the upper arm laterally
4. Place your thumbs together over the arm
This identifies the vertical line of insertion on the proximal humerus
5. Palpate deeply up the humerus to the surgical neck
This may feel like a golf ball on a tee – the spot where the “ball” meets the “tee” is the surgical neck
The insertion site is 1 to 2 cm above the surgical neck, on the most prominent aspect of the greater tubercle
Proximal Tibia (Infant/Child)
1. Extend the leg. Pinch the tibia between your fingers to identify the medial and lateral borders.
2. Insertion site is approximately 1 cm medial to the tibial tuberosity, or just below the patella (approximately 1 cm) and slightly medial (approximately 1 cm), along the flat aspect of the tibia.
NEEDLE SET SELECTION
Select EZ‐IO® Needle Set based on patient weight, anatomy and clinical judgment. The EZ‐IO® Catheter is marked with a black line 5 mm proximal to the hub. Prior to drilling, with the EZ‐IO® Needle Set inserted through the
soft tissue and the needle tip touching bone, adequate needle length is determined by the ability to see the 5 mm black line above the skin.
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EZ‐IO 45 mm Needle Set (yellow hub) should be considered for proximal humerus insertion in patients 40 kg and greater and patients with excessive tissue over any insertion site
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EZ‐IO 25 mm Needle Set (blue hub) should be considered for patients 3 kg and greater
ADULT INSERTION TECHNIQUE
Proximal Humerus ‐ Adult
1. Aim the needle set at a 45‐degree angle to the anterior plane and posteromedial
2. Push the needle set tip through the skin until the tip rests against the bone
The 5 mm mark must be visible above the skin for confirmation of adequate needle set length
3. Gently drill into the humerus approximately 2 cm or until the hub is close to the skin; the hub of the needle set should be perpendicular to the skin
Tibia ‐ Adult
1. Aim the needle set at a 90‐degree angle to the bone
2. Push the needle set tip through the skin until the tip rests against the bone
The 5 mm mark must be visible above the skin for confirmation of adequate needle set length
3. Gently drill, advancing the needle set approximately 1‐2 cm after entry into the medullary space or until the needle set hub is close to the skin
INFANT/CHILD INSERTION TECHNIQUE
Proximal Humerus – Infant/Child
1. Aim the needle set tip at a 45‐degree angle to the anterior plane and posteromedial
2. Push the needle set tip through the skin until the tip rests against the bone
The 5 mm mark must be visible above the skin for confirmation of adequate needle set length
3. Gently drill, immediately release the trigger when you feel the loss of resistance as the needle set enters the medullary space; avoid recoil – do NOT pull back on the driver when releasing the trigger
Tibia – Infant/Child
1. Aim the needle set at a 90‐degree angle to the bone
2. Push the needle set tip through the skin until the tip rests against the bone
The 5 mm mark must be visible above the skin for confirmation of adequate needle set length
3. Gently drill, immediately release the trigger when you feel the loss of resistance as the needle set enters the medullary space; avoid recoil – do NOT pull back on the driver when releasing the trigger