ORAL COMMUNICATION IN

CONTEXT
Quarter 1 Week 5-7 Module 5

Types of Speech Act

Types of Speech Context
Types of Speech Style

Name:
Grade level & Section:
Subject Teacher:

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LESSON: TYPES OF SPEECH ACT

WHAT I NEED TO KNOW

As your facilitator, I expect that you, as a learner, will understand the types of speech act, In this
lesson, you are expected to:
a. Describe speech act;
b. Distinguish types and classification of speech act;
c. Determine the appropriate response in different social settings; and
d. Respond appropriately and effectively to a speech act.

HI MY DEAR STUDENT! Let us start your journey in learning more on the

types of speech act. I am sure you are ready and excited to answer the
Pretest.

Smile and cheer up!

WHAT I KNOW

INSTRUCTION: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your answers on a separate
sheet of paper.
1. Consider this statement “I now pronounce you husband and wife” who among the
following can say this and make the marital union happen?
a. Teacher c. Priest
b. Famous celebrity d. Policeman
2. What do you think does the speaker mean when he/she says, “Can you carry these for
me?”
a. The speaker wants to know if I have the ability to carry his/her things.
b. The speaker is requesting me to help him/her carry his things
c. The speaker does not make sense
d. The speaker does not mean anything
3. In which of the following statements is the speaker making a commitment.
a. “I checked her output last week”
b. “I am sad and feeling blue!”
c. “ I promise to help you with your problems”

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 d. “ I think following the law will make us responsible citizen”
4. The following are the known functions of speech act EXCEPT:
a. Apology c. Offering
b. Greeting d. Planning
5. This refers to the audience’s reaction to an utterance since it carries a directive for the
audience
a. Locutionary b. Illocutionary c. Perlocutionary d. Speech act

WHAT’S NEW

Have you ever been misunderstood? How do you feel every time someone misunderstands you?
Recall a conversation you had with someone who did not understand what you mean and gave
you a different response. Then supply the table below with the needed information;
SITUATION: Breaktime at the School Canteen
SCENARIO LINE INTENTION OUTCOME

My classmate and “Wow, a cake!” My friend just responded,

I were eating at “does it taste good?” To indirectly say “yes it tastes good.”
the canteen. that I want to be
given a slice of the  I was not given a slice
cake. of cake.

EXAMPLE

SITUATION:
SCENARIO LINE INTENTION OUTCOME

WHAT IS IT

Definition of speech acts is an utterance that a speaker makes to achieve an intended effect.
Some of the functions which are carried out using speech acts are offering an apology, greetings,
request, complaint, invitation, compliment, or refusal. A speech act might contain just one word

3
or several words or sentences. For example “Thanks” and “ Thank you for always being there for
me I really appreciate it” both shows appreciation regardless of the length of the statement.
Three Types of Speech Act
According to J. L. Austin (1962), a philosopher of language and the developer of the Speech Act
Theory, there are three types of acts in every utterance, given the right circumstances or context.
These are:
Locutionary act is the actual act of uttering. This is the act of saying something. It has a meaning
and it creates an understandable utterly to convey or express
“Please do the dishes”
Illocutionary act is the social function of what is said. It is performed as an act of saying
something or as an act of opposed to saying something. The illocutionary utterance has a certain
force of it. It well well-versed with certain tones, attitudes, feelings, or emotions.
By uttering the locution “Please to the dishes” the speaker requests the addressee to wash the
dishes.
Perlocutionary act is the resulting act of what is said. This effect is based on the particular
context in which the speech act was mentioned. t normally creates a sense of consequential
effects on the audiences. The effects may be in the form of thoughts, imaginations, feelings or
emotions. The effect upon the addressee is the main charactership of perlocutionary utterances
“Please do the dishes” would lead to the addressee washing the dishes
SEARLE’S CLASSIFICATION OF SPEECH ACTS
Speech acts can be classified into five categories as Searle in Levinson (1983: 240) states that the
classifications are assertives, directives, commissives, expressive, and declarations.

a. Assertives
Representatives are speech acts that the utterances commit the speaker to the truth of the
expressed proposition. The utterances are produced based on the speaker’s observation of certain
things then followed by stating the fact or opinion based on the observation. When someone says
“she’s beautiful”, the speaker can state the sentence based on the fact or just give his or her own
opinion about physical condition of a person.
Example: No one makes better pancake than I do.
b. Directives
Directives area speech acts that speaker uses to get someone else to do something. These speech
acts include requesting, questioning, command, orders, and suggesting. For example, when
someone says “Could you lend me a pencil, please?” the utterance represents the speaker
requests that the hearer to do something which is to lend him a pencil.
c. Commissive

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are speech acts that the utterances commit the speaker to some future course of action, these
include promising, threatening, offering, refusal, pledges. For example when someone says “I’ll
be back”, represents the speaker’s promise that he/she will be back.
Example: “From now on, I will participate in group activity”

d. Expressive
Expressives are speech acts that the utterances express a psychological state. These speech acts
include thanking, apologizing, welcoming, and congratulating. For example, when someone says
“don’t be shy, my home is your home.” The utterance represents the speaker’s expression that
he/she welcomes someone.

example: “I am so sorry for not helping out in our group projects and letting you do all the
work”
e. Declarations
Declarations are speech acts that the utterances effect immediate changes in the institutional state
of affairs and which tend to rely on elaborate exta- linguistic institutions. These speech acts
include excommunicating, declaring war, christening, firing from employment.
For example “you are fired!”

WHAT’S MORE

ACTIVITY 1: Understanding Speech act

INSTRUCTION: Below is a dialogue from a movie. Analyze the speech act of the characters
shown in the table below.
TITLE OF THE MOVIE : MY EX and WHYS
Character Line Intention Effect

Liza Soberano as “Am I not enough?” To express her Gio “Enrique Gil”
Calixta “Cali” Ferrer “pangit ba ako ? frustrations to the realized that what he
kapalit palit ba ko?” person who cheated on did was wrong.
her

Suppose you are in the same situation. What would be your reaction as Gio? Write you response
in a separate sheet of paper.
YOUR RESPONSE:
_____________________________________________________________________________________

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_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_______________.

ACTIVITY 2:
INSTRUCTION: Recall your favorite movie/teleserye and its striking lines. Determine the
character’s speech act by filling out the table.
TITLE OF THE MOVIE:
CHARACTER LINES INTENTION EFFECT

Suppose you are in the same situation with the character, how will you respond to the
utterance/statement?
Take note that your reaction must show logical connection to the utterance you must be
responding to:
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________.
Criteria for scoring
Concept ( demonstrates understanding of the key concepts learned ) 5 points
Reasoning (supports specific reaction/ s with logical reasoning) 5 points
Clarity ( shows clarity in the presentation of the response) 5 points
Total 15 points

WHAT I CAN DO

Suppose you are in the situations describe below. As a good citizen, how are you going to
respond to these? Supply the table with the needed information. The first one is done for you.

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 SCENARIO LOCUTIONARY ILLOCUTIONARY PERLOCUTIONARY
(UTTERANCE) (INTENTION) (RESPONSE)
Mrs. Sanches was “ It’s heavy!” Mrs. Sanches needs I will help her bring her
carrying heavy boxes. help books.
Renato lost his wallet

The children were

crossing the busy
street

Anton could not find

his eraser for math test

Mae accidentally
slipped on the floor

ASSESMENT
POST-TEST

INSTRUCTION: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your answers on a separate
sheet of paper.
1. Who proposed the speech act theory?
a. John Austin b. John Searle c. John Cena d. John Lennon
2. When can we say that a speech act is a locutionary act?
a. When there is utterance of the sound, a word or even a speech
b. When there is something said to express an intention
c. When the utterances changes the person’s feelings, thoughts or actions
d. When the statement caused misunderstanding and confusion
3. Which of the following statements shows an illocutionary speech act?
a. “Our class will end in five minutes” (The teacher’s actual utterance)
b. “Our class will end in five minutes”. ( The teacher wants the class to finish the task
before the ring bell)
c. “Our class will end in five minutes”. (The listeners respond by finishing their task
right away)
d. “Our class will end in five minutes”. (The exact words of the teacher)
4. What do you call the utterances that a speaker makes to achieve an intended effect?
a. Speech act c. Speech style
b. Speech context d. Speech variation

5. What type of speech act has an intended effect through locution and illocution?
a. Locutionary c. Perlocutionary
b. Illocutionary d. prolocutionary
6. Who is the proponent of Speech act theory?
a. J.L. Austin c. J. A. Austin

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 b. J.F. Kervin d. J. L. Gastivo
7. What type of speech act is this? “ Please don’t let the door open” the speaker requests
that the door remain closed.
a. Locutionary c. Perlocutionary
b. Illocutionary d. Prolocutionary
8. You were eating delicious apples. Your friend came and asked you, “Is that sweet?”
while looking at your apples. How will you respond appropriately?
a. “Yes, these apples are sweet”
b. “No, Please leave me alone”
c. “Yes would you like some?”
d. “Absolutely!”
9. Who is the professor from the University of California, Berkeley that classified
illocutionary acts into five distinct categories?
a. John Austin
b. John Searle
c. John Lennon
d. Jhon scarley
10. What type of speech act is this? “No one can sing as Leah does!”
a. Locutionary c. Perlocutionary
b. Illocutionary d. Prolocutionary

ADDITIONAL ACTIVITY

You have learned that communicative competence requires understanding of

speech act to respond appropriately for effective communication. Hence, it is important to
determine the appropriate response in different social settings and situations. Watch an interview
from television, radio or internet. Analyze the utterances of the person being interviewed and
point out weather those utterances/statements made were understood completely, followed
comprehensively or misunderstood deliberately by the interviewer.
Be able to explain the reason why you think certain utterances/statements were misunderstood.
Please take note that your output will be assessed using the criteria below.
Utterances/statements Intention of the Interviewer’s Possible Reasons/Causes
Interviewee Understanding of the on the Misunderstood
(The person interviewed) message conveyed part of the interview if
there was

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 Criteria for Scoring
Reasoning - 5 points
Support and Development of ideas - 5 points
Clarity - 5 points
Insight on the Subject - 5 points
TOTAL - 20 points

CONGRATULATIONS!

YOU’RE DOING GREAT!

“Successful people are not gifted. They just work hard, then succeed on purpose.”
-“G.K NIELSON”

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References
Austin, John. “Austin, John Langshaw | Internet Encyclopedia Of
Philosophy”. Accessed June 1, 2020.
Iep.Utm.Edu. https: / / www.iep.utm.edu / Austin /.

Searle, John. (1976). A classification of illocutionary acts. Language in society 5(1),

1-23. Accessed June 1, 2020
http: / / www.jstor.org / stable / 4166848?origin=JSTORpdf.
https: / / eric.ed.gov / ?id=EJ139536

Flores, Ramona. Oral Communication in Context. Quezon City: Rex Book

Store, 2016.

Larrson, Staffan. Speech acts and dialogue exercises: Semantics and Pragmatics.
Accessed May 25, 2020.http: / / gul.gu.se / public / courses / course
61890 / published / 1388703602109

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LESSON: Types of Speech Context

WHAT I NEED TO KNOW

After going through this module, you are expected to:

a. define speech context;
b. identify the various types of speech context in different situations; and
c. employ appropriate verbal and non-verbal behavior in different speech
context.
HI MY DEAR STUDENT! Let us start your journey
in learning more on the types of speech context. I
am sure you are ready and excited to answer the
Pretest.

Smile and cheer up!

WHAT I KNOW

Instruction: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your answers on a separate sheet of
paper.
1. What type of speech context happens when two persons interact?
A. Dyad C. Public Communication
B. Mass Communication D. Small Group
2. What type of speech context refers to communication that focuses on one
person, in which the speaker acts as both the sender and receiver of the message?
A. Interpersonal C. Mass Communication
B. Intrapersonal D. Public Communication
3. What type of speech context refers to the process of imparting information
through television, radio, newspaper, magazines, books, billboards, internet and
other types of media?

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 A. Interpersonal C. Mass Communication
B. Intrapersonal D. Public Communication
4. Which of these types of speech context takes place between and among people
and establishes personal relationship between and among them?
A. Interpersonal C. Mass Communication
B. Intrapersonal D. Public Communication
5. Which type of INTERPERSONAL context involves at least three but not more
than twelve people engaging in a face-to-face interaction?
A. Dyad Communication C. Small Group Communication
B. Sharing Group Communication D. Team Communication
6. What type of speech context requires you to deliver or send the message before
or in front of a group?
A. Interpersonal C. Mass Communication
B. Intrapersonal D. Public Communication
7. Which of the following is NOT a speech context?
A. Dyad Communication C. Long Story Communication
B. Intrapersonal Communication D. Mass Communication
8. Who is/are involved in an intrapersonal communication?
A. a small group C. a speaker and an audience
B. only one speaker D. two speakers3
9. Which of the following refers to the number of communicators and the setting
in which the communication process takes place?
A. Speech delivery C. Speech defect
B. Speech context D. Speech communication
10. You spent the night reminiscing your happy moments with someone you are
interested in and suddenly realized that you must prioritize your studies. What
type of speech context is evident in the situation?
A. Public communication C. Interpersonal communication

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 B. Mass communication D. Intrapersonal Communication
For numbers 11-15:
Instruction: Tell whether the given statement is True or False.
11. Speech Context refers to the number of communicators and the setting in
which the communication process takes place.
12. In dyad and small group communication, you have to listen carefully and
understand what the other person is saying. Asking clarifying questions will
let the other person know that you are indeed listening attentively.
13. Cheering yourself up before an important event or talking to yourself while
completing a task are examples of interpersonal communication.
14. To become a good communicator, you should at least know how to behave
and respond to various speech contexts.
15. Providing comfort to a friend who is feeling down, or simply talking with your
classmates about your plans for a group activity is an example of a dyad and
small group communication

WHAT’S NEW

Speech Context
Context when referring to speech communication is the surroundings, circumstances,
environment, background or setting that determine, specify, or clarify the meaning of an event.
(LumenLearning.com/Elements of Communication). According to DeVito (2005), “Context
refers to the setting in which the communication takes place. Context helps to establish meaning
and can influence what is said and how it is said.”
Read and carefully evaluate the statements written inside the circle, then select from
the given communication contexts what you think matches the phrase. Choose the
letter of the correct answer.

A. Communication in
Public
B. Communication with
Self
C. Communication
between two persons
D. Mass Communication
E. Communication in a
small group

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 WHAT IS IT

Speech Context is important because it helps you communicate appropriately, understand

the meaning of any message conveyed, and respond accordingly. In order for you to have a clear
grasp of what Speech Context is, its types are discussed below.
Types of Speech Context
1. Intrapersonal – This refers to a type of communication that is focused on one
person, where the speaker acts both as the sender and as the receiver of the message.
The message is made up of thoughts and feelings while the medium is the brain that
processes what you think and feel. (Hybels & Weaver, 2012, p 16

2. Interpersonal – This refers to the type of communication that takes place between and among
people and creates a personal relationship between and among them. Normally, it includes two
individuals, and it can vary from casual and very personal
to formal and impersonal.
Types of Interpersonal Communication
Dyad Communication – communication that happens between two people.

Small Group– This applies to interactions involving at least three but not more than twelve
people engaged in face-to-face interactions to achieve the desired goal. In this type of
conversation, all participants can freely express their ideas throughout the discussion.

3. Public– This type refers to a communication that enables you to send or deliver a message
before a crowd. The message can be transmitted for informative or persuasive purposes. "In
public communication, unlike interpersonal and small groups, the channels are more
exaggerated. The voice is louder and the gestures are more expansive because the audience is
larger” (Hybels & Weaver, 2012, p19).

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4. Mass Communication – This refers to communication through television, radio, newspapers,
magazines, books, billboards, the internet, and other types of media.

Verbal and Non-verbal Behavior in a Speech Context

Different speech context whether it is intrapersonal, interpersonal, public or mass
communication requires different approaches. Though there might be some occasional
similarities, you should at least know how to behave and respond to various speech contexts
appropriately. When talking to yourself you might be familiar with the feeling of quietly talking
to yourself in your mind, and it's normal — and good for you. By performing this, it makes you
think and reflect on the things you have done or are planning to do. But here are some important
reminders that you need to keep in mind:
1. Use self-talk to your advantage: Cheering yourself up before an important event or talking to
yourself while completing a task are two perfect opportunities for self-talk (Gould, 2018, Talking
to yourself is normal, n.d.).
2. Don’t overdo it. While it is normal to talk to yourself constantly, it is better not to overuse
yourself of doing so. The most common reason why people end up talking to themselves is
because they feel like they do not have someone else to talk to. To address this, you need to be
more sociable, it would give you more people to talk to other than yourself.
Verbal and Non-verbal Behavior in a Speech Context
Different speech context whether it is intrapersonal, interpersonal, public or mass
communication requires different approaches. Though there might be some occasional
similarities, you should at least know how to behave and respond to various speech contexts
appropriately. When talking to yourself, you might be familiar with the feeling of quietly talking
to yourself in your mind, and it's normal — and good for you. By performing this, it makes you
think and reflect on the things you have done or are planning to do. But here are some important
reminders that you need to keep in mind: When talking to one person or a small group of people,
consoling your friend who is feeling down, or simply talking with your classmates about your
plans for a group activity is an example of a dyad and small group communication. This kind of
communication implies that the conversation is being shared and there is exchange of ideas.
Small group involves different skills because unlike dyad, it consists of more than two people. In
both cases, you can be as natural as yourself, however, unlike a running conversation in your
head, you have to consider that there are others who are equally important in the conversation.
Thus, to achieve successful communication in a dyad or small group, you have to consider the
following;
1. Listen carefully - Needless to say, this is the very basic foundation of effective
communication. You have to listen carefully and understand what the other person is saying.
Asking clarifying questions lets the other person know that you are indeed listening attentively.

15
More so, take active part. You also need to be heard and understood when it is your time to
speak.
2. Check your tone and body language. The vocabulary of the body is more revealing than the
actual words you speak. So, watch your tone and body language while you are talking. Is your
tone tough? Do you smile and encourage the person you are talking to? Your body language tells
more about your emotions and thoughts than your actual words. Bear this in mind the next time
you have a conversation with someone. Check your body language to ensure that it is consistent
with your words (Oakes, 2017).
3. When talking to the public Speaking in front of the crowd requires many preparations; from
analyzing your target audience, to planning and drafting your speech up to the rehearsing part.
The key therefore is to come prepared. Be yourself while you are on stage and speak in the way
that you will be easily understood by your audience. You will know more about this in the
succeeding modules about the “Principles of Speech Delivery”.

WHAT’S MORE

ACTIVITY 1:
Crossword Puzzle Complete the puzzle below by identifying the four (4) types of Speech
Context and the two (2) types of Interpersonal Communication evident in the presented
situations.
ACROSS:
1. Four students are discussing
their thesis proposal.
3. Miggy requested his brother
Mikko to help him on his task.
6. The city mayor delivered a
speech for his townsfolk.
DOWN:
2. Webinars for teachers are
conducted via Facebook live.
4. The principal interviews a
teacher-applicant.
5. Emman talks to himself in
front of the mirror.

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 WHAT I HAVE LEARNED

1. Based on what you have learned from the previous activities, define speech context in your
own words.
2. As a senior high school student, what do you think is the advantage of having good
communication skills in a variety of contexts? Do you think it will help you improve your
personality? Why or Why not?
3. Do you agree with this statement: Speech context can influence one’s behavior? Why/Why
not?
4. Which of the types of speech contexts do you find easy to practice? Which ones do you find
difficult?
5. What should you do to improve your skills?

WHAT I CAN DO

Using the graphic organizer below, describe each type of speech context and give three (3)
examples for each. For the description, refer to the following rubric for evaluating the answer in
description.

Type Description Example

Intrapersonal Communication 1.

2.

3.
Interpersonal Communication 1.

2.

3.
Public Communication 1.

2.

3.
Mass Communication 1.

2.

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 3.

Rubric in evaluating the answer in description:

ASSESSMENT

POST-TEST
INSTRUCTION: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your answers on a
separate sheet of paper.
1. Which of the following is NOT a speech context?
A. Intrapersonal Communication C. Long Distance Communication
B. Dyad Communication D. Public Communication
2. Which one of the following is NOT an example of intrapersonal
communication?
A. sending a text message to a friend C. writing a note to yourself
B. talking to yourself D. thinking about a problem
3. Which of these is an example of Dyadic Communication?
A. two brothers arguing

18
 B. a coach and a player discussing last week’s game
C. a husband and wife making plans for the summer vacation
D. all of these are correct
4. Why do you think group communication involves a different set of skills than
interpersonal communication? It is because _______________________
A. in a group, one sender has many different receivers to take into account.
B. in a group, one receiver has many different senders to take into account.
C. group, by definition, consists more than two people.
D. group communication is more important than interpersonal
communication
5. Which of the following is NOT true about speech context?
A. In public communication, unlike in interpersonal and small group, the
channels are more exaggerated. The voice is louder and the gestures are
more expansive because the audience is bigger.
B. The most common reason why people end up talking to themselves is
because they feel like they do not have someone else to talk to.
C. Different speech context whether it is intrapersonal, interpersonal, public
or mass communication require different behavior. However, there might
be some occasional similarities.
D. In interpersonal communication, asking clarifying questions lets the other
person know that you are not listening attentively.15
For numbers 6-10:
INSTRUCTION: Identify the type of speech context evident in the following situations.
6. You provided reassuring and comforting words to a friend who was feeling down.
A. Dyad Communication C. Mass Communication
B. Public Communication D. Interpersonal Communication
7. You are having a discussion with your group mates on how to finish the
assigned task.
A. Public Communication C. Dyad Communication
B. Small group communication D. Interpersonal Communication

8. Karen thinks about the things she did the whole day and writes them in her
journal.
A. Intrapersonal C. Mass Communication
B. Dyad D. Small Group
9. The TV news anchor is giving the latest news update.
A. Public communication C. Interpersonal Communication
B. Mass communication D. Intrapersonal Communication
10. Group 5 discussed the effects of social media on communication skills.
A. Intrapersonal communication C. Mass Communication
B. Interpersonal communication D. Public Communication
For numbers 11-15

19
Directions: Tell whether the given statement is True or False.
11. In intrapersonal communication, the message is made up of your thoughts and feelings.
12. In small group communication, all participants can freely share ideas in a loose and open
discussion.
13. Participating in the declamation, oration, debate or story telling activity is an example of
small group communication.
14. To become an effective public speaker, you have to be yourself while you are on stage and speak in
the way that you will easily be understood by your audience.
15. Just like in small group communication, the channel in public communication should not be
exaggerated.

ADDITIONAL ACTIVITY

Try to recall what you did and how you felt when you experienced any of these situations; (your
best friend confided a secret to you; you delivered a speech in front of your classmates as a
subject requirement; you talked to yourself about the things you did and what you were supposed
to do instead). What can you say about your experience? What did you learn from it? If you have
a second chance, how will you deal with the situations? What examples of verbal and non-verbal
responses will you use? Write your answer in a separate sheet of paper. Rubric in evaluating the
essay
Directions: Your essay will be graded based on this rubric. Consequently, use this rubric as
guide in writing your essay and check it again before submitting your final output.

20
 Adapted from:
http://www.readwritethink.org/files/resources/printouts/Essay%20Rubric.pdf

CONGRATULATIONS!

JOB WELL DONE!

“Successful people are not gifted. They just work hard, then succeed on purpose.”
-“G.K NIELSON”

References
DeVito, Joseph A. “Essentials of Human Communication.” Context - The Basics of
Human Communication, 2005.
https://humancommkj.weebly.com/context.html.
Gould, Wendy Rose. “Go Ahead, Talk to Yourself. It's Normal -and Good for You.”
NBCNews.com. NBCUniversal News Group, October 10, 2018.

21
 https://www.nbcnews.com/better/health/talking-yourself-normal-here-show-master-it-
ncna918091.
Hybels, Saundra and Weaver, Richards. Communicating Effectively (10th ed). NY.
The McGraw-Hill Companies Inc., 2012.
Learning, Lumen. “Business Communication: Written & Verbal Presentation
Skills.” Lumen. Accessed May 28, 2020.
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/businesscommunication/?s=context.
Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, s.v. “context,” accessed May 28, 2020,
https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/context.
Oakes, Tiffany. “6 Tips on Communicating with Others.” E-Learning Industry.
eLearning Industry. October 7, 2017.
https://elearningindustry.com/communicating-with-others-6-tips.
Solomon Denise and Theiss, Jennifer. Interpersonal Communication: Putting Theory
into Practice. NY. Routledge, 2013.
Wood, Julia. Communication in Our Lives (Boston, MA: Wadsworth, 1997), 22.
Rubric Sources:
http://qm.riosalado.edu/resources/SyllabusDB/SocialSciences/Rubric_Short
_Answer.pdf
http://www.readwritethink.org/files/resources/printouts/Essay%20Rubric.p
df

22
LESSON: TYPES OF SPEECH STYLE

WHAT I NEED TO KNOW

After going through this module, you are expected to:

a. identify the types of speeches and speech style;
b. identify social situations in which each speech style is
appropriate to use;
c. use appropriate language forms in a particular speech style; and;
d. appreciate the value of tactfulness in communication.

HI MY DEAR STUDENT! Let us start your journey

in learning more on the types of speech stylet. I am
sure you are ready and excited to answer the Pretest.

Smile and cheer up!

WHAT I KNOW

PRE-TEST
INSTRUCTION: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your answers on a separate
sheet of paper.
1. This type of speech is focused on objects, people, events, concepts or processes to add
knowledge and wisdom to the listeners.
a. inspiring speech c. informative speech
b. persuasive speech d. entertainment speech
2. When speaking to persuade, your goal is to__________
a. inform the audience
b. entertain the audience
c. influence the audience
d. add wisdom to the audience
3. If your plan in your speech is to use funny or witty anecdotes to make
the audience feel relaxed, your purpose is to use__________.
a. expository type of speech c. persuasive type of speech

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 b. informative type of speech d. entertainment type of speech

4. The type of speech style which occurs between a husband and a wife is called _________.
a. casual c. frozen
b. formal d. intimate
5. This type of speech style which is common among friends that uses colloquial, slang or
vernacular language is called_______.
a. casual c. frozen
b. formal d. intimate
6. The type of speech style which is common between teachers and students during class hours is
called________________.
a. casual c. frozen
b. formal d. intimate
7. An example of formal speech style is _______________.
a. manager–applicant job interview
b. telephone conversation between friends
c. Pledge of Allegiance recitation during flag ceremony
d. narration a personal experience as a volunteer frontliner
8. In a consultative speech style,the speaker_______________ background information, while
the listener ________________continuously.
a. gives ; refuses
b. sends ; receives
c. produces ; shares
d. supplies ; participates 11
9. The following sentences are descriptions of a casual type of speech style EXCEPT that
________.
a. it allows interruptions.
b. it uses informal contraction.
c. it has a limited interaction among the participants.
d. it allows the use of slang and colloquial languages.
10. One of the characteristics of a frozen type of speech style is that _________.
a. it is seen in formal ceremonies and rituals.
b. it is characterized as an informal speech style
c. it is evident between an expert and a lay person.
d. it is used by close friends and relatives in their conversation.
11. Which is an appropriate statement of a company director to an employee?
a. Come over here.
b. Hey, get over here. Jane.
c. Ms. Bello, could you come here for a moment?
d. Ms. Bello, do you think it would be possible for me to speak with you?
12. Which is an appropriate statement of a stranger to a man in the street?
a. The time, please.
b. What time is it?

24
 c. Hello there, what time is it?
d. Excuse me, could you tell me the time, please?12
13. What is an appropriate statement of a waiter to customers?
a. What do you want, ma’am s/sirs?
b. What’s your order, ma’ams/sirs?
c. What would you like today, ma’ams/sirs?
d. What do you like to eat today, ma’ams/sirs?
14.Which is an appropriate statement of a customer to a receptionist?
a. How’s my bill?
b. Give me my bill.
c. Hey, give me my bill.
d. May I have my bill, please.
15. Which is an appropriate statement between close friends?
a. Give me a hand.
b. please give me a big hand, sir.
c. Excuse me, could you give me a hand?
d. Excuse me, do you think you could possibly give me a hand?

WHAT’S NEW

Directions: Look at the first set of pictures below. Choose which of the pictures will match with
the situations given.

a. A principal directing the teachers on the new normal protocols through

Google meet
b. A mayor ordering the residents to stay at home
c. A student sharing his exciting experience in joining a zoom meeting
What do you think is the purpose of the speaker in their conversation?
Picture 1: _______________________________

25
Picture 2: _______________________________
Picture 3: ________________________________

WHAT IS IT

Before communication takes place, you, as a speaker has an aim in mind; a purpose. The
moment you talk, whether in an ordinary conversation or in a formal occasion, you always have
a reason. This happens when you intend to open a topic to someone or some group of people as
your audience.
There are three types of speech according to purpose. These are the following:
1. Informative speech. This is also known as expository speech. When you speak to inform,
your aim is to provide the audience with information about a topic, or to expand their
knowledge about a topic with which they are already familiar. In this type of speech, you
can explain, demonstrate or instruct the audience or listeners about your topic. In some
formal gatherings, for instance, presenting an accomplishment report or informing the
audience on procedure on how to do something, usually, there is a visual presentation to
support the speaker’s statements.
2. Persuasive Speech. When you speak to persuade, you aim to influence the audience to
accept the speaker’s position or stand on an issue, and to urge the audience to take a
particular action. As a speaker, you need 19 to know the reason why you persuade your
audience. This speech style is used in debates, political campaigns, or appeals for
donations.
3. Entertainment Speech. When speaking to entertain, you aim to amuse the audience and
put them in a pleasant or interesting diversion. This is done by using a light, funny, or
witty anecdote. Usually, it is delivered at social gatherings, like, dinner parties and
events. While you set the audience to relax, still, you should have to focus.
When you interact with others, you use a particular speech style. The type of speech style you
intend to use depends on the kind of a social context that is, the social situation and the social
relationship involved between or among the participants. You speak differently and choose
words carefully according to whom you are talking to because it is said that, language choice
reveals information about the social relationship between or among people.
According to a Dutch linguist, Martin Joos (1976) as mentioned by Balgos & Sipacio (2016),
Speech Style means the form of language that the speaker uses which is characterized by the
degree of formality. There are five types of speech style: intimate, casual, consultative, formal,
and frozen.

Types of Speech Style Characteristics

Intimate This style is private, which is used by a very close

26
 relationship such as between husband and wife, parents
and children, between siblings, and boyfriend and
girlfriend. In this style, the participants share a
completely private vocabulary.
Since the participants have an intimate relationship,
and they often know each other’s intention, there is no
need for a clear articulation of words. This uses words
of endearment like, “darling,” “honey,” “babe” etc. and
a high incidence of non-verbal communication.
Casual This speech style is conversational in tone and has a
free and easy participation. The languages used among
and between friends or peers who share common
interests are general, jargon, slang, and colloquial.
Informal contractions are used (e.g., “ain’t,” “dunno,”
“gonna”,”dude”,”nope”). Interruptions are common.
Nicknames are used. (Balgos & Sipacio 2016. p.35)
Consultative This style is used in semi-formal communication in a
two-way participation. The sentences tend to be shorter
and spontaneous. This is considered as the most
operational style among the other styles where a
speaker needs to provide
background information because the listener (or
addressee) may not be able to understand without it. In
turn, the listener participates continuously by giving
feedback like, “I see”, “Uh-huh”, “Ah “, “okay” to
signal that he or she is paying attention
to the speaker, or has understood what was said. Thus,
both the speaker and the listener are active participants.
Formal In this style, the speaker uses formal words and
expressions like complete sentences and technical or
academic vocabulary. In other words, this does not
allow omissions and contractions. It is a one-way
speaking to medium, or large groups. Since there is
little or no feedback from the listeners or
audience, the speaker needs to plan his or her
utterances, or
what he or she is going to say. This speech style is
evident in
conferences, inaugurations.
Frozen The speaker uses language in fixed and static
expressions that are rarely or never changed. This is the
most formal style and is reserved for very formal
situations such as in ceremonies, religious services,
state affairs, and court proceedings. It uses prescribed
and highly formal language, such as in official, or
historical documents and literary texts e.g. the
Preamble to the Constitution, Lord’s
Prayer ,Allegiance to country or flag.

WHAT’S MORE

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 DIRECTION: Identify the types of speech according to purpose in the following
ways used by a speaker. Write whether the situation is Informative Speech (IS), Persuasive
Speech (PS), Entertainment Speech (ES) in the blank provided before the number.
___________1. A project proposal on Proper Waste Disposal
__________ 2. A humorous story or an anecdote
___________3. Incorporating drama by using narration
___________4. A news story about a distribution of relief goods
___________ 5. A political campaign

WHAT I HAVE LEARNED

Directions: Differentiate the Speech Styles based on social relationship, language

forms and manner of utterances below. Use the graphic organizer provided. Write inside
the circle the differences and in the overlapping circle, the similarities.
1. Intimate and casual

2. Consultative, Formal and Frozen

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 WHAT I CAN DO

Directions: Identify the social situation and the speech style of the given statements in
the first column. The first one has been done for you.
Statements Social Situation Speech
Style
1. Ako ay Filipino Pledge of Frozen
Buong katapatang nanunumpa Allegiance
Sa watawat ng Pilipinas
At sa bansang kanyang sinasagisag
Na may dangal, katarungan,at
kalayaan
Na pinakikilos ng sambayanang
Maka-Diyos,
Makatao,
Makakalikasan, at
Makabansa
2.

Ambassador: It is a great honor to

meet you, Your Excellency.
President: The honor is all mine.
3.
“I solemnly swear that I will not divulge.
Either by words or signs,
Any information which comes to my
knowledge,
In the course of a Court session,
That I will keep secret all said proceedings,
Which may be held in my presence.”
4.
Allan: ‘Pare! Are you free on tomorrow
night?
Jay: What do you have in mind?
5.
Dr. Abad: Good morning, Liza, any
problem?
Mayumi: Oh, I have a headache for 5 days
now. And sometimes get dizzy, and I
experience this ringing in my ears.
Dr. Abad : I see. Have you been feeling
nauseated and uncontrollable eye
movements?

ASSESSMENT

Instruction: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your answers on a separate
sheet of paper.
1. Which aspect do intimate and casual speech styles similar?
a. Nicknames are used in addressing one another.
b. Sentence structures are more complex and varied.
c. Ellipsis (omission of one or more words) is not allowed.
d. Words are carefully chosen, and grammar rules are followed.

29
2. Which of the following statements is NOT true about a frozen speech style?
a. Pronunciation is very clear.
b. Words are carefully chosen.
c. Interruptions are not allowed
d. Participants share inside jokes.

3. Which of the statements is TRUE about an entertainment type of speech?

a. It adds knowledge and wisdom.
b. It contains only a collection of jokes
c. It is purely explaining a concept all throughout.
d. It is not just injecting jokes since there is still a focus or theme.

4. Which speech style is appropriate if a class adviser talks with the subject teachers about a
student’s absenteeism?
a. casual c. frozen
b. formal d. intimate

5. What type of speech is shown in the statement? Class president: “Attention everyone! Our
classroom adviser will meet us tomorrow at 4 pm. Important matters will be discussed.”
a. inspiring c. persuasive
b. informative d. entertainment

6. Peter is preparing a speech on how to make summertime productive. He is worried

that his speech may be boring. What advice could you give him to make sure it
isn't?
a. He may write all the jokes that he knows.
b. He should request others to prepare a speech for him.
c. He should memorize his speech that he may not feel bored.
d. He should relax and write the speech in the language that is familiar.

7. In a consultative speech style, what do you think does the speaker provide in order that the
listener will understand?
a. formulaic statement
b. background information
c. feedback or comment34
d. prescribed law, custom, or ritual.

8. What distinguishes a formal style from a consultative style?

a. the lack of audience
b. the lack of listener participation.
c. the presence of sarcasm and exaggeration
d. the presence of interruptions between the two parties

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9. What type of speech style is used in preparing for the SONA (State of the Nation Address) of
the president ?
a. casual c. frozen
b. formal d. intimate
10. If you are a newscaster who is about to deliver a news story, what speech style should be
used?
a. casual c. frozen
b. formal d. intimate
11. In a baptismal ceremony, what speech style is used by a clergy ?
a. casual c. frozen
b. formal d. intimate
12. In a mother and child conversation at home, if the child would want to
convince his/her mother for an increase of his/her weekly allowance, what
type of speech should be used?
a. inspiring c. persuasive
b. informative d. entertainment

13. Which of the choices is suited for a frozen style?

a. A class officer presiding a batch reunion
b. A tribal chieftain leading ritual before planting
c. A group of friends talking about summer classes
d. A program director giving instructions to the staff.

14. Which of the choices is suited for a consultative style?

a. A class officer presiding a batch reunion
b. A tribal chieftain leading ritual before planting rice
c. A group of friends talking about a productive vacation
d. A health expert giving an advice on how to be psychological fit

15. If the topic for an informative speech is about the Social Amelioration Project for 2020, what
will be the specific focus/purpose?
a. To inform the public about the total recovered COVID patients
b. To inform the public about the various problems in the country
c. To inform the public about the income of the tourism industry
d. To inform the public about the guidelines on recipient’s qualification

ADDITIONAL ACTIVITY

Directions: Do the following situations using your knowledge in using the different
types of speech styles. Observe the appropriate language forms and the manner of utterance.
1. Prepare a simple interview guide to gather various comments and concerns regarding the
opening of classes amid the COVID-19 pandemic.

31
 2. Set an interview appointment with your classmates’ parents through phone calls or
teleconferencing to hear their thoughts about the opening of classes.
3. Record your interview and send it through Chat Group.

References

Balgos,A. & Sipacio,F. (2016).Oral Communication in Context for Senior

High School. Department of Education. Bureau of Learning Resource

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