Purposive 3rd Distribution
Purposive 3rd Distribution
Purposive 3rd Distribution
CHAPTER IV
INTRODUCTION ON
PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION
Learning Outcomes:
1. 1.Identify the varied communication aids being used in resenting ideas.
2. 2.Describe the tools that technology offers to communicators.
3. Discuss the communication aids and strategies using technological innovations.
4. Identify types , benefits and beneficiaries of communication aids.
5. Propose most appropriate communication aids that can help individual
communicate.
COMMUNICATION AIDS
1. Unaided Communication – Does not use additional equipment. People typically use
body language, gestures, vocalization or singing.
2. Aided Communication – Uses equipment-this can range from low-tech to hi-tech
methods and often uses pictures and symbols instead of, or together words
Low-tech method of communication such as a simple books to carry around with few
pages of pictures or symbols is a communication aids.
Hi-tech method of communication refers to the term device. An electronic
communication aid can be a dedicated device designed only to help the user
communication such as multimedia, telephones, cell phones, computer, tablet, ipads
etc.
3. Visual Support:
Visual supports assist a person to make sense of their day, remember events, or
help with the completion of tasks. Many people with complex communication needs
have difficulty with memory and understanding abstract information. Examples of
visual supports are picture or object calendars, picture shopping lists, and picture social
stories.
Alphabet Board
An alphabet board may be suitable for people who have literacy skills.
It can be designed specifically to suit the person’s needs eg. using either an ABC
or QWERTY format – with direct access or partner-assisted auditory scanning.
Chat Book
Used effectively by people who understand objects, photos or pictures.
It is designed so that people who find it hard to express themselves can relate
information about activities and events that they have experienced.
Choice Board
This communication aid provides a set of picture or photo choices that relate to
one situation. For instance, going to the gym.
The board needs to be personalised according to the number of choices the
person can manage, the person’s visual ability, and the pointing skills that the person
has.
Talking mats
Talking mats are suitable for people who understand photos, pictures or line
drawings.
It is a strategy that allows people to express their opinion on certain topics or
events that happen in their life.
The person is offered a selection of activities or emotions relevant to the topic
that they want to discuss.
Theme boards
Theme boards can be adapted accordingly for people who understand pictures,
logos, photographs, or line drawings.
They display vocabulary items related to a specific topic or event eg. ‘grooming
activities’ or ‘watching TV’.
The items displayed are usually labelled with written words or phrases.
Timetables (Picture-based)
Timetables may be useful for people who need visual supports in symbol form
to display daily or weekly activities and events.
They use pictures, photos or line drawings to show the sequence of activities in
a day or a week.
Medium
We communicate through media, verbal and nonverbal: our bodies (we catch
someone’s eye, wave, nod), our voices (we whisper, talk, shout, groan), and various
technologies, including handwriting, print, telephone, radio, CD, film, and Computer.
Each medium has unique characteristics that influence both what and how we
communicate. Each medium has different uses and takes different forms, and each has
distinctive characteristics. WE can choose various media depending on our purpose and
audience. It may be:
Print
Spoken
Electronic
Medium Design
Some genres and media (and audiences) demand photos, diagrams, color.
Some information is easier to explain- and read- in the form of a pie chart or a bar
graph than in the form of a paragraph.
Some reports and documents are so long and complex than they need to be divided
into sections, which are the best labelled with headings
Some language and hearing research suggest that since AAC focuses on encouraging
and providing communication, it reduces the psychological stress of individuals
regarding the necessity of speaking and eases speech development process.
CHAPTER V
COMMUNICATION
FOR VARIOUS PURPOSES
Learning Outcomes:
1. Determine the various purposes as to why we communicate
2. Describe the different types of speeches and public speaking
3. Differentiate speeches from another
4. Appreciate the value of communication
5. Enhance communication skills
6. Demonstrate learning through different activities
What is Speech?
Speech is the physical production of sound using our tongue, lips, palate and
respiratory system to communicate ideas; the faculty or power of speaking; oral
communication; ability to express one's thoughts and emotions by speech sounds and
gesture.
However, the principle purpose of a speech will generally fall into one of four basic
types:
1. Introduction.
Most people don't pay enough attention to the introduction of a speech. The
introduction is one of the most important parts of the speech, because if you lose your
audience at the beginning, getting them back can be next to impossible. Here's some
things that you should have in your introduction.
Attention. Arguably the most important part of the introduction, you must get your
audience's attention. A joke, a quote, a startling statistc, any number of things can serve
the purpose well.
Purpose. Why are you speaking to them? What will make listening worth their time?
You might present your purpose implicitly rather than explicitly, but you must present
it somehow.
Credibility. Many speakers neglect this part of an introduction, but depending on your
topic, it could be very important. Why are you qualified to talk on the things you are
talking about? Don't be arrogant, but be certain that your audience trusts and `qbelieves
in you and your knowledge.
Orientation. Is there any essential background your audience needs to know before you
get to the meat of your speech?
1. Body.
This is the main content portion of your speech. Exactly what you need to
include will depend on the purpose of your speech, but here are a few essential
elements.
Organization. Your audience needs to be able to follow you. Be certain that you have
some sort of pattern.
Transitions. Don't just jump from point to point, but smoothly move from one issue to
the next. Transitions are the 'bridges' of your speech. Without them, your audience will
get disoriented and you might leave them behind.
Development. Your points should build on each other, combining into one grand
whole. Go from simple to more complex, ending with the most powerful.
Climax. At some point, your speech should come to a head. Everything should come
together, your audience's emotions should be peaked right alongside you, and you
should largely fulfill your purpose in giving the speech. Developing a climax is, in my
opinion, the hardest part of speech writing (and the most powerful of the basic elements
of public speaking).
2. Conclusion.
Here, you should wrap up any loose ends. This is the final part of your speech,
and also the part your audience is most likely to remember. Be certain to include:
A final closing example. Drive your point home with one more powerful
demonstration.
Call to action. What should your audience do now? If you weren't trying to persuade
them to do something, what is the most important point that they should take away
from your speech?
Why it mattered. Briefly recap what you said, reminding your audience why it
mattered.
Informative Communication
Informative speaking generally centers on talking about people, events,
processes, places, or things. Informing an audience about one of these subjects without
being persuasive is often a difficult task to complete. For example, a speech informing
an audience about growing peace lilies as houseplants might ultimately persuade the
audience to buy and grow peace lilies. All speech has an effect that might enable
individuals to self-persuade themselves.
Persuasive Communication
Persuasive communication is any message whose sole purpose is to get the
listener to support and transform their thinking in favor of the presenter’s perspective. It
is about creating an attitude change to influence social behavior. Your audience’s
thoughts are critical to the process so you need to think about your listeners potential
perspective then it is often helpful to present refuting arguments before they are brought
up. This can add credibility to the speaker.
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PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION
Argumentative Communication
Argumentative communication is considered a subset of assertiveness because,
while all argumentation is assertive, not all assertiveness is argumentative.
Argumentative individuals advocate positions on controversial issues and verbally
attack other people's contradictory perspectives. In a word, it is an underlying
motivation to argue. However, it is important to note that it is the person's position that
is under attack in argumentativeness, and not the individual.
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PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION
CHAPTER VI
COMMUNICATION
FOR
WORK PURPOSES
Learning Outcomes
1. Expound on the value and importance of communication in varied workplace.
2. Create clear, coherent and effective communication materials based on the
requirements of varied professions
3. Demonstrate various written and oral skills in communicating for work purposes
4. Exhibit appropriate method in conducting workplace correspondence
WORKPLACE COMMUNICATION
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PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION
Effective workplace communication ensures that all the organizational objectives are
achieved. Workplace communication is tremendously important to organizations
because it increases productivity and efficiency.
Ineffective workplace communication leads to communication gaps between
employees, which causes confusion, wastes time, and reduces productivity.
Misunderstandings that cause friction between people can be avoided by effective
workplace communication. Effective communication, also called open communication,
prevents barriers from forming among individuals within companies that might impede
progress in striving to reach a common goal.
For businesses to function as desired, managers and lower-level employees must be
able to interact clearly and effectively with each other through verbal communication
and non-verbal communication to achieve specific business goals. Effective
communication with clients plays a vital role in development of an organization and
success of any business. When communicating, nonverbal communication must also be
taken into consideration. How a person delivers a message has a lot of influence on the
meaning of this one.
Another important aspect to have effective workplace communication is taking
into consideration the different backgrounds of employees. "While diversity enriches
the environment, it can also cause communication barriers."Difficulties arise when a
coworker's cultural background leads him or her to think differently than another. It is
for this reason that knowing about intercultural communication at work and learning
how to treat others without offending them can bring several benefits to the company.
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PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION
Encourage your employees to ask questions or voice their opinions helping them feel
empowered.
Tell people what they are doing right
It is a good idea to tell people about their good things on a daily basis.
Specific and descriptive feedback
Give feedback that is concrete. Give directions to the person exactly on what they are
doing well and what needs to be improved.
Communication can be broken down into styles — and just like everyone has a
different personal style that might be reflected in how they present themselves
physically, they also have a different style of communication that surfaces in
their interpersonal relationships. This is not just limited to verbal communication; it
also translates into visual communication like body language and written
communication.
There are four common communication styles: the controller communicators,
the promoter communicators, the analyzer communicators, and the supporter
communicators. These four different styles play out very differently in their
engagements with others in and out of the workplace. For instance, the controller type
of communication is somewhat the opposite of the promoter style of communication.
But how do these varying styles play out in the workplace? What are the differences,
and how do they aid or inhibit effective communication? Do they cause conflict or
increase productivity? Here’s a breakdown of these four communications styles and
what they look like in workplace situations.
1. The Controller
The controller communication style is very direct — demanding facts in a very
straightforward and blunt fashion. People who communicate this way tend to have the
following character traits.
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PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION
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PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION
In the workplace, these types need all the facts as soon as possible. They want to
analyze and investigate and understand a project from all angles.
4. The Supporter
Calm, cool, and collected is a relatively accurate way to describe the supporter.
This personality type has the following characteristics.
They are easily likable in their low-maintenance vibes and ways of working and
interacting with colleagues.
They have excellent interpersonal communication skills and are always open to talk
about more personal topics — though they don’t seek it out as eagerly as the promoter.
This communication type is the most common to find in and out of the workplace as
they are eager to succeed, though content and calm in their pursuit.
Supporters excel at conflict-resolution as they are usually extremely level-headed. They
are great listeners and many go to them with problems and concerns.
ACTIVITY/EXERCISES
Directions:
Choose three of the basic types of speeches and create your own speech using the
types of speeches you have chosen.
EVALUATION
Directions:
Pick one of the basic types of speeches you have created. Memorize and present
your speech in front of the class (schedule will be posted in the GC). Wear appropriate
attire in giving speeches.
Prepared by:
ARLYN A. LAGUDA
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PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION
Course Facilitator
Approved:
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