Note 4
Note 4
Note 4
30
The nodular or spheroidal graphite cast iron is also called ductile
cast iron or high strength cast iron.
This type of cast iron is obtained by adding small amounts of
magnesium (0.1 to 0.8%) to the molten grey iron.
The addition of magnese causes the graphite to take form of small
nodules or spheroids instead of the normal angular flakes.
It has high fluidity, castability, tensile strength, toughness, wear
resistance, pressure tightness, weldability and machinability.
It is generally used for castings requiring shock and impact
resistance along with good machinability, such as hydraulic
cylinders, cylinder heads, rolls for rolling mill and centrifugally cast
products.
1. Silicon
➢ It may be present in cast iron upto 4%.
➢ It provides the formation of free graphite which makes the iron soft
and easily machinable.
➢ It also produces sound castings free from blow-holes, because of its
high affinity for oxygen.
2. Sulphur
➢ It makes the cast iron hard and brittle.
➢ Since too much sulphur gives unsound casting, it should be kept
well below 0.1% for most foundry purposes.
Dr. Aung Ko Latt
3. Manganese 34
➢ It makes the cast iron white and hard.
➢ It is often kept below 0.75%.
➢ It helps to exert a controlling influence over the harmful effect of
sulphur.
4. Phosphorus
➢ It aids fusibility and fluidity in cast iron, but induces brittleness.
➢ It is rarely allowed to exceed 1%.
➢ Phosphoric irons are useful for casting of intricate design and for
many light engineering castings when cheapness is essential.
Carbon = 0.020%
Silicon = 0.120%
Sulphur = 0.018%
Phosphorus = 0.020%
Slag = 0.070% and the remaining is iron.