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CHAPTER II

METHODOLOGY

This chapter presents specific procedures or techniques used to identify, select,

process, and analyze information about the topic. This chapter includes the following:

research design, research instrument, research locale, participants of the study, data

analysis, data gathering procedure, scope and limitations of the study and ethical

considerations.

Research Design

This research will be conducted using a phenomenology research design since it

aims to describe the opinions of the individuals that will participate in this study. This

qualitative research method is popularly used to study lived experience, gain a deeper

understanding of how and what human beings think, and expand a researcher’s knowledge

about a phenomenon. It also focuses on studying the phenomena that have impacted or

will impact an individual. The phenomenological design will be used for this study

because it allows the researchers to delve deeper into the personal opinions and

perspectives of the selected participants who will be experiencing the implementation of

ROTC. By doing so, the proponents will be able to learn about the background knowledge

that the participants possess.

Research Instrument

This study will utilize questionnaires, specifically unstructured questionnaires, because

this is the best-suited type of research instrument where the researchers let the participants

share their knowledge and opinions. It will give a person a chance to respond in detail and be

free to answer however they wish. The proponents provided an open-ended questionnaire for
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the participants to share their views in essay form. Following that, the researchers will

guide the questionnaires by following the pattern of information in relation to the

objectives they constructed.

Moreover, Inday’s recent statements and actions and the case of Mark Chua, the

cadet who died due to the dark side of ROTC, will also serve as the primary instruments

grounded in this study. Those were used primarily to guide the selection of relevant data,

interpret data, and propose explanations of the opinions observed in this phenomenon.

Research locale

This study will be conducted at Maryhill College, also known as Maryknoll, one

of the basic and higher Roman Catholic educational institutions in the City of Lucena,

that offers a quality K-12 basic education. The researchers will carry it out at Maryhill

College because students there will also be involved in ROTC Implementation. 

Participants of the Study

In this study, the participants were chosen through purposive sampling. The

participants will be chosen based on the criteria set by the researchers. Purposive

sampling is the most suitable for this study because it is non-probability or biased

sampling. This sampling is one of the best data collection techniques for qualitative

research.

This type of sampling required primary data on who would be able to participate

in this study. The researchers will keep using this sampling until they have a sufficient

amount of information to analyze and make a firm conclusion.

The inclusion criteria for participation in this present study included:

- Grade 11 student at Maryhill College;

- Student that will be taking a criminology course; and

- Must be willing to participate in this study.

Data Analysis

Since the study is descriptive-qualitative, phenomenological analysis will be used.

Before gathering data, the participants will be informed that they will be taking part in this

research. The researchers will transcribe the data gathered after collecting all the

participants' responses. The shared descriptive-qualitative experiences of the participants

will be analyzed using the phenomenological analysis format. The phenomenological

analysis is a research design that will be used for an in-depth study of lived

experiences. The researchers will validate the collected data after compiling all of the

responses, and the collected data from the selected SHS students of Maryhill College, in

addition to every participant's response, will be carefully analyzed by the researchers and

considered as well. The collected data that the researcher obtained will enable a correlation

between participant responses and the study's objectives. At the conclusion, the

interpretations given by the researcher of the significance of the findings represent their

different perspectives.

Data Gathering Procedure

The selected participants will receive an open-ended questionnaire. The researchers

will first create a set of questions and submit them for approval. After it is approved, the

researchers will write a permission letter to the school principal and participants before

collecting data. Each member will be assigned to give the questionnaire to at least 2-3

participants. 

Before proceeding with the data collection, participants will be informed that their
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answers will be used for research purposes. Following that, the proponents will conduct an

unstructured questionnaire with the selected participants. The data will be collected using

a Google Form to allow participants the privacy they need to express their thoughts about

the study in depth. Following data collection, the researchers proceed to the process of

checking, organizing, analyzing, and interpreting the data gathered.

Scope and Limitation of the Study

This study will focus on the opinions of the selected SHS students at Maryhill

College about the ROTC's implementation. The participants in this study will be chosen

based on the criteria set by the researchers. This study will be limited to 8–10 participants

who are grade 11 students who will be taking the criminology course. Maryhill College is

located in Lucena City. Therefore, the research findings cannot be generalized to other places

existing in other geographical locations in the Philippines. The research study's findings will

provide a broader comprehension and understanding of what SHS students think and what

their opinions are on ROTC, given its tarnished reputation.

Ethical Considerations

In every stage of the study, the researchers will face ethical challenges. To address

this, we will examine each stage of our research, including anonymizing the participants and

giving them a letter of permission to be interviewed. Informed consent, voluntary

participation, confidentiality, and privacy will all be among the considerations for

the chosen participants. Following that, the researchers will ensure that they provide their

own ideas and analysis of the study and will not plagiarize other people's work.