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    Kjeldahl Method

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    hayder alali
    This document describes an experiment to determine the nitrogen content in samples using the Kjeldahl method. The objectives are to determine nitrogen in organic and inorganic substances and to oxidize organic compounds using concentrated sulfuric acid. The procedure involves digestion, distillation, and titration steps. In digestion, the sample is heated with sulfuric acid, copper sulfate, and potassium sulfate. In distillation, the sample is cooled, adjusted to alkaline pH, and distilled with boric acid. Finally, in titration the distilled sample is titrated with sulfuric acid using indicators to calculate the nitrogen content. The Kjeldahl method converts all nitrogen to ammonia for quantitative analysis.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Kjeldahl Method

    Uploaded by

    hayder alali
    110 views6 pages
    This document describes an experiment to determine the nitrogen content in samples using the Kjeldahl method. The objectives are to determine nitrogen in organic and inorganic substances and to oxidize organic compounds using concentrated sulfuric acid. The procedure involves digestion, distillation, and titration steps. In digestion, the sample is heated with sulfuric acid, copper sulfate, and potassium sulfate. In distillation, the sample is cooled, adjusted to alkaline pH, and distilled with boric acid. Finally, in titration the distilled sample is titrated with sulfuric acid using indicators to calculate the nitrogen content. The Kjeldahl method converts all nitrogen to ammonia for quantitative analysis.

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    Pollution

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    Kjeldahl method

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    This document describes an experiment to determine the nitrogen content in samples using the Kjeldahl method. The objectives are to determine nitrogen in organic and inorganic substances and to oxidize organic compounds using concentrated sulfuric acid. The procedure involves digestion, distillation, and titration steps. In digestion, the sample is heated with sulfuric acid, copper sulfate, and potassium sulfate. In distillation, the sample is cooled, adjusted to alkaline pH, and distilled with boric acid. Finally, in titration the distilled sample is titrated with sulfuric acid using indicators to calculate the nitrogen content. The Kjeldahl method converts all nitrogen to ammonia for quantitative analysis.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    110 views6 pages

    Kjeldahl Method

    Uploaded by

    hayder alali
    This document describes an experiment to determine the nitrogen content in samples using the Kjeldahl method. The objectives are to determine nitrogen in organic and inorganic substances and to oxidize organic compounds using concentrated sulfuric acid. The procedure involves digestion, distillation, and titration steps. In digestion, the sample is heated with sulfuric acid, copper sulfate, and potassium sulfate. In distillation, the sample is cooled, adjusted to alkaline pH, and distilled with boric acid. Finally, in titration the distilled sample is titrated with sulfuric acid using indicators to calculate the nitrogen content. The Kjeldahl method converts all nitrogen to ammonia for quantitative analysis.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 6

    Industrial Pollution Control

    Duhok Polytechnic University


    Technical College of Engineering
    Chemical Engineering Department
    3rd Stage
    2022-2023

    Lecturer's Name: Experiment No. (7)

    Mr. Kawar Abid Group (C)

    Title of Experiment:

    Determination of Nitrogen By Kjeldahl Method

    Student Name:

    Hayder Hassan Hussain

    Date Report Submitted:

    14/12/2022
    Introduction:

    In the field of analytical chemistry, Nitrogen determination comes with a long


    history. The Kjeldahl method was introduced in 1883 first by Johan Kjeldahl. He
    developed a faster and much more accurate method to determine the content of
    nitrogen while studying protecting during malt production compared to the then
    existing methods. The Kjeldahl Analysis method is known for its extreme versatility
    as it can take care of a complete range of samples ranging from beverages, food &
    feed, chemical, pharmaceutical industries and environmental. In the modern days,
    Kjeldahl nitrogen is a needed parameter for regulation reports at various water
    treatment plants. As a surrogate for protein in food samples, Total Kjeldahl nitrogen
    is used.

    Objectives:

    • To determine the nitrogen contents in organic and inorganic substances.


    • To determine the oxidation of organic compounds using concentrated
    sulphuric acid.

    1
    Equipment:

    1- Beaker
    2- Adapter
    3- Condenser
    4- Flask
    5- Bunsen burner
    6- Dropper
    7- Ring Stand
    8- Utility clamp
    9- Balance
    10- Funnel
    11- PH paper
    12- Graduated Cylinder
    13- Burette

    Chemical requirement
    1- Water sample (waste water)
    2- H2So4 (0.02N)
    3- CuSo4
    4- K2So4
    5- H3Po3
    6- NaOH
    7- PHPH
    8- Methyl read
    9- Methyl blue

    2
    Procedure

    1- Digestion:
    • Add 10ml H2SO4, 5g CuSO4, and 1g K2SO4 to a flask with a 100ml sample,
    heat for 30 minutes, and use a condenser to remove the vapor.
    2- Distillation:
    • After heating, add 250 ml of distillate water, then wait for it to cool for 4 to 5
    minutes before adding a drop of pH.ph and adding NaOH until the PH is more
    than 10 to convert the sample to base.
    • To dissolve NH3, add 50 ml of boric acid (0.05 g H3BO3 + 50 ml distillate
    water) to the receiving beaker.
    • distill until a 200 ml beaker is filled.
    3- Titration:
    • Add the methyl red and methyl blue indicators to 200 ml of the sample that has
    been distilled.
    • To lower the concentration, add 25 ml of 0.1N H2SO4 to 75 ml of distilled
    water and place

    3
    Calculation

    4
    Discussion and Conclusion:

    In the digestion, distillation, and titration phases of the total kjeldahl technique,

    which is used to determine the ammonia nitrogen content, all nitrogen was converted

    to ammonia. Using the Kjeldahl process, nitrogen in biological materials is

    transformed into (NH)2SO by being digested with H2SO4 and then distilled from

    NH3 in an alkaline medium. The ammonia is collected in known-strength sulfuric

    acid, which is then titrated back using a typical sodium hydroxide solution. The TKN

    (ammonia and organic nitrogen) should be measured since the amount of ammonia

    in a sample provides insight into the effectiveness of therapy.

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