Calculus II 2021 Fall Midterm Exam Solution
Calculus II 2021 Fall Midterm Exam Solution
Calculus II 2021 Fall Midterm Exam Solution
1. Let
〈
〉 and
〈
〉 and let
be the vector
∞
projection of
onto
for ≥ . Find the value of .
And
comp
∙
cos
≥
∞ ∞
∴
2. Find the volume of the tetrahedron with vertices as ,
, , and .
(sol)
〈 〉,
〈 〉 and
〈 〉.
Then
∙
×
∴ The volume of the tetrahedron is
∙
×
,
3. (4 points) Find the parametric equation of the line that passes
through the point and intersects perpendicularly with
the line .
line is 〈
〉 〈 〉.
∴ The parametric equation of the line is
∈ℝ
4. Let be the curve with vector function
〈
〉.
(a) (2 points) Find the point on the curve at which the curvature
is a maximum.
(b) (2 points) Find the osculating plane of the curve at the point
of (a).
(c) (3 points) Find the center of the osculating circle of the curve
at the point of (a).
(d) (1 points) Find the equations of the osculating circle of the curve
at the point of (a).
(e) (2 points) Find the torsion of the curve at the point of (a).
(sol) (a) ′ 〈 〉 and ″ 〈 〉.
So the maximum of the curvature is where .
Then the wanted point is .
(b) The binormal vector
is
′
× ″ 〈
′ × ″
〉
〈
.
〉
∴ The equation of the osculating plane is
⇒
(c) The unit normal vector is
×
〈
〉
∴ The center of the osculating circle is
〈 〉
〈
〉
〈 〉
(d) The equation of the osculating circle is
.
(e) ″ ′ 〈 〉 ⇒ ″ ′ 〈 〉.
∴ The torsion is
′
× ″ ∙ ″ ′
.
′
× ″
5. (4 points) Find lim if it exists.
→
(sol) lim
lim
→ →
lim
→
lim
→
6. (5 points) Find if the equation
ln
defines as a function of the two independent variables and
and the second partial derivative exists.
(sol) Let ln .
⇒
.
∴
7. (4 points) Given that is a differentiable function with ,
and , find the linearization of at
and use a linear approximation to estimate .
(sol) The linearization of at is
and linear approximation is
≈
∴ ≈
8. (4 points) The directional derivative of at in the
direction of is and in the direction of is . In
what direction does of have the maximum rate of change at ?
What is this maximum rate of change at ?
(sol) Let ∇ 〈 〉 and let and .
⇒ ∇ ∙
〈 〉
〈 〉∙
and
∇ ∙
〈 〉
〈 〉∙
⇒
∴ ∇ 〈 〉.
⇒ The maximum rate of change of at is
∇
and increases fastest in the direction of the gradient vector
∇ 〈 〉.