2012 Nissan Xterra 22
2012 Nissan Xterra 22
2012 Nissan Xterra 22
CO
A
CO
SECTION
ENGINE COOLING SYSTEM C
E
CONTENTS
VQ40DE REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION ............... 15 F
PRECAUTION
PRECAUTIONS
Precaution for Supplemental Restraint System (SRS) "AIR BAG" and "SEAT BELT
PRE-TENSIONER" INFOID:0000000007361615
The Supplemental Restraint System such as “AIR BAG” and “SEAT BELT PRE-TENSIONER”, used along
with a front seat belt, helps to reduce the risk or severity of injury to the driver and front passenger for certain
types of collision. This system includes seat belt switch inputs and dual stage front air bag modules. The SRS
system uses the seat belt switches to determine the front air bag deployment, and may only deploy one front
air bag, depending on the severity of a collision and whether the front occupants are belted or unbelted.
Information necessary to service the system safely is included in the SR and SB section of this Service Man-
ual.
WARNING:
• To avoid rendering the SRS inoperative, which could increase the risk of personal injury or death in
the event of a collision which would result in air bag inflation, all maintenance must be performed by
an authorized NISSAN/INFINITI dealer.
• Improper maintenance, including incorrect removal and installation of the SRS, can lead to personal
injury caused by unintentional activation of the system. For removal of Spiral Cable and Air Bag
Module, see the SR section.
• Do not use electrical test equipment on any circuit related to the SRS unless instructed to in this
Service Manual. SRS wiring harnesses can be identified by yellow and/or orange harnesses or har-
ness connectors.
PRECAUTIONS WHEN USING POWER TOOLS (AIR OR ELECTRIC) AND HAMMERS
WARNING:
• When working near the Airbag Diagnosis Sensor Unit or other Airbag System sensors with the Igni-
tion ON or engine running, DO NOT use air or electric power tools or strike near the sensor(s) with a
hammer. Heavy vibration could activate the sensor(s) and deploy the air bag(s), possibly causing
serious injury.
• When using air or electric power tools or hammers, always switch the Ignition OFF, disconnect the
battery, and wait at least 3 minutes before performing any service.
Precaution for Liquid Gasket INFOID:0000000007361616
WBIA0566E
PBIC0003E
D
3. Attach the liquid gasket tube to the Tool.
G
WBIA0567E
PREPARATION
PREPARATION
Special Service Tool INFOID:0000000007361617
The actual shapes of Kent-Moore tools may differ from those of special service tools illustrated here.
Tool number Description
(Kent-Moore No.)
Tool name
KV10111100 Removing chain tensioner cover and water
(J-37228) pump cover
Seal cutter
NT046
S-NT052
S-NT564
LMA053
WBIA0539E
CO
C
PIIB1407E
PBIC1982E
Coolant system tester adapter Adapting radiator cap tester to reservoir filler F
neck
WBIA0408E
H
Coolant system tester adapter Adapting radiator cap tester to reservoir cap
J
WBIA0409E
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
COOLING SYSTEM
Cooling Circuit INFOID:0000000007361619
WBIA0641E
CO
H
WBIA0565E
PERIODIC MAINTENANCE
ENGINE COOLANT
System Inspection INFOID:0000000007361622
WARNING:
• Never remove the radiator/reservoir cap when the engine is hot. Serious burns could occur from
high pressure fluid escaping from the radiator or reservoir.
• Wrap a thick cloth around the cap. Slowly push down and turn it a quarter turn to allow built-up pres-
sure to escape. Carefully remove the cap by pushing down and turning it all the way.
CHECKING COOLING SYSTEM HOSES
Check hoses for the following:
• Improper attachment
• Leaks
• Cracks
• Damage
• Loose connections
• Chafing
• Deterioration
CHECKING RESERVOIR LEVEL
• Check if the engine coolant reservoir tank level is within MIN to
MAX when the engine is cool.
• Adjust engine coolant level as necessary.
SMA412B
engine coolant.
If any concerns are found, repair or replace damaged parts.
CHECKING RESERVOIR CAP
1. Inspect the reservoir cap.
• Replace the cap if the metal plunger cannot be seen around the edge of the black rubber gasket.
• Replace the cap if deposits of waxy residue or other foreign material are on the black rubber gasket or
the metal retainer.
NOTE:
Thoroughly wipe out the reservoir filler neck to remove any waxy residue or foreign material.
SMA967B
D
3. Check reservoir cap relief pressure using suitable tool and Tool.
WARNING:
Do not remove the radiator cap when the engine is hot. Serious burns could occur from high-pressure O
engine coolant escaping from the radiator. Wrap a thick cloth around the radiator cap. Slowly turn it a
quarter of a turn to release built-up pressure. Carefully remove radiator cap by turning it all the way.
DRAINING ENGINE COOLANT P
1. Turn ignition switch ON and set temperature control lever all the way to HOT position or the highest tem-
perature position. Wait 10 seconds and turn ignition switch OFF.
2. Remove the engine under cover. Refer to EXT-15, "Removal and Installation".
LLIA0070E
WLIA0020E
5. Remove the reservoir tank to drain the engine coolant, then clean the reservoir tank before installing it.
6. Check the drained coolant for contaminants such as rust, corrosion or discoloration.
If the coolant is contaminated, flush the engine cooling system. Follow the "Flushing Cooling System" pro-
cedure.
REFILLING ENGINE COOLANT
G
WLIA0020E
2. Set the vehicle heater controls to the full HOT and heater ON position. Turn the vehicle ignition ON with
the engine OFF as necessary to activate the heater mode. H
3. Remove the vented reservoir cap and replace it with a non-vented reservoir cap before filling the cooling
system.
4. Install the Tool by installing the radiator cap adapter onto the I
radiator neck opening. Then attach the gauge body assembly
with the refill tube and the venturi assembly to the radiator cap
adapter. J
dryer. P
7. The vacuum gauge will begin to rise and there will be an audible hissing noise. During this process open
the ball valve on the refill hose slightly. Rising coolant will be visible in the refill hose. After the refill hose is
full of coolant, close the ball valve. This will purge air trapped in the refill hose.
9. When the vacuum gauge has reached the specified amount, disconnect the air hose and wait 20 seconds
to see if the system loses vacuum. If the vacuum level drops, perform necessary repairs to the system
and repeat steps 6 - 8 to bring the vacuum to the specified amount. Recheck for leaks.
10. Place the coolant container (with the refill hose inserted) at the same level as the top of the radiator. Then
open the ball valve on the refill hose so the coolant will be drawn up to fill the cooling system. The cooling
system is full when the vacuum gauge reads zero.
CAUTION:
Do not allow the coolant container to get too low when filling, to avoid air from being drawn into
the cooling system.
11. Remove the Tool from the radiator neck opening and install the radiator cap.
12. Remove the non-vented reservoir cap.
13. Fill the cooling system reservoir tank to the specified level. Run the engine to warm up the cooling system
and top up the system as necessary before installing the vented reservoir cap.
14. Install the engine under cover. Refer to EXT-15, "Removal and Installation".
FLUSHING COOLING SYSTEM
1. Drain the water from the engine cooling system. Refer to CO-11, "Changing Engine Coolant".
2. Fill the radiator and the reservoir tank (to the “MAX” line), with water. Reinstall the radiator cap and leave
the vented reservoir cap off.
3. Run the engine until it reaches normal operating temperature.
4. Press the engine accelerator two or three times under no-load.
5. Stop the engine and wait until it cools down.
6. Drain the water from the engine cooling system. Refer to CO-11, "Changing Engine Coolant".
7. Repeat steps 2 through 6 until clear water begins to drain from the radiator.
AWBIA1010GB K
WARNING:
Never remove the radiator cap when the engine is hot. Serious burns could occur from high pressure
engine coolant escaping from the radiator. Wrap a thick cloth around the cap. Slowly turn it a quarter P
of a turn to release built-up pressure. Carefully remove radiator cap by turning it all the way.
NOTE:
When removing components such as hoses, tubes/lines, etc., cap or plug openings to prevent fluid from spill-
ing.
REMOVAL
1. Remove engine under cover. Refer to EXT-15, "Removal and Installation".
LBIA0419E
LBIA0421E
PBIC1936E
PBIC1054E
D
INSTALLATION
Installation is in the reverse order of removal.
INSPECTION AFTER INSTALLATION E
• Check for engine coolant leaks. Refer to CO-10, "System Inspection".
• Start and warm up engine. Visually check for coolant and A/T fluid (if equipped) leaks. Repair as necessary.
• Check and adjust engine coolant level and A/T fluid (if equipped). Refer to MA-13, "Fluids and Lubricants".
F
AWBIA0985ZZ
WARNING:
Never remove the radiator cap when the engine is hot. Serious burns could occur from high pressure
engine coolant escaping from the radiator. Wrap a thick cloth around the cap. Slowly turn it a quarter
of a turn to release built-up pressure. Carefully remove radiator cap by turning it all the way.
REMOVAL
1. Remove the engine cooling fan (Motor driven type). Refer to CO-19, "Removal and Installation (Motor
driven type)".
2. Remove the drive belt. Refer to EM-13, "Removal and Installation".
3. Remove the cooling fan.
4. Remove the fan coupling, if necessary.
5. Remove the cooling fan pulley, if necessary.
6. Remove the drive belt auto-tensioner, if necessary. Refer to EM-14, "Drive Belt Auto-Tensioner and Idler
Pulley"
7. Remove the fan bracket, if necessary.
INSPECTION AFTER REMOVAL
Fan Coupling
• Inspect fan coupling for oil leaks and bimetal corrosion conditions.
• If there are concerns, replace the fan coupling.
SLC072
Fan Bracket
CO
LBIA0422E
D
INSTALLATION
Installation is in the reverse order of removal.
• Install cooling fan with its front mark “F” facing front of engine. Refer to CO-18, "Removal and Installation
(Crankshaft driven type)". E
REMOVAL
1. Remove the engine under cover. Refer to EXT-15, "Removal and Installation". I
2. Partially drain engine coolant from radiator. Refer to CO-11, "Changing Engine Coolant".
CAUTION:
• Perform this step when engine is cold.
J
• Do not spill engine coolant on drive belts.
3. Release the radiator shroud (lower) (2) from the radiator shroud
(upper) (1) and position aside.
• Release the tabs, pull radiator shroud (lower) (2) rearward and K
down.
ALBIA0470ZZ
4. Remove air duct and resonator assembly. Refer to EM-24, "Removal and Installation". N
5. Remove upper radiator hose from radiator.
6. Remove reservoir tank hose from radiator shroud (upper) and radiator.
O
7. Remove the radiator shroud (upper) bolts and remove the radiator shroud (upper). Refer to CO-15,
"Exploded View".
P
AWBIA0148ZZ
INSTALLATION
Installation is in the reverse order of removal.
• Cooling fan is controlled by ECM. For details, refer to EC-370, "Diagnosis Procedure".
INSPECTION AFTER INSTALLATION
• Check for engine coolant leaks. Refer to CO-10, "System Inspection".
• Start and warm up engine. Visually check for coolant and A/T fluid (if equipped) leaks. Repair as necessary.
• Check and adjust engine coolant level and A/T fluid (if equipped). Refer to MA-13, "Fluids and Lubricants".
CO
G
PBIC2833E
WARNING:
Never remove the radiator cap when the engine is hot. Serious burns could occur from high pressure J
engine coolant escaping from the radiator. Wrap a thick cloth around the cap. Slowly turn it a quarter
of a turn to release built-up pressure. Carefully remove radiator cap by turning it all the way.
CAUTION:
• When removing water pump assembly, be careful not to get engine coolant on timing chain and drive K
belt.
• Water pump cannot be disassembled and should be replaced as a unit.
• After installing water pump, connect hoses and clamps securely, then check for leaks. L
NOTE:
When removing components such as hoses, tubes/lines, etc., cap or plug openings to prevent fluid from spill-
ing.
M
REMOVAL
1. Remove engine under cover. Refer to EXT-15, "Removal and Installation".
2. Drain engine coolant from radiator. Refer to CO-11, "Changing Engine Coolant". N
CAUTION:
• Perform this step when engine is cold.
• Do not spill engine coolant on timing chain and drive belt. O
3. Remove air duct and resonator assembly. Refer to EM-24, "Exploded View".
4. Remove drive belt. Refer to EM-13, "Removal and Installation".
5. Remove radiator hose (upper). P
6. Remove coolant reservoir hose from the radiator.
7. Remove engine cooling fan (Motor driven type). Refer to CO-19, "Removal and Installation (Motor driven
type)".
AWBIA0719ZZ
9. Remove engine cooling fan (Crankshaft driven type). Refer to CO-18, "Removal and Installation (Crank-
shaft driven type)".
10. Remove water drain plug (front) (1) on the water pump side of
the cylinder block.
ALBIA0679ZZ
11. Remove chain tensioner cover and water pump cover from front
timing chain case, using Tool.
PBIC2662E
PBIC2835E
PBIC2836E
D
13. Remove water pump as follows:
a. Make a gap between water pump sprocket and timing chain, by
carefully turning crankshaft pulley counterclockwise until timing E
chain loosens on water pump sprocket. Remove three water
pump bolts.
F
PBIC2863E
H
b. Screw M8 bolts [pitch: 1.25 mm (0.049 in) length: approx. 50
mm (1.97 in)] into water pump upper and lower bolt holes until
they reach timing chain case. Remove water pump.
CAUTION: I
• Place a suitable shop cloth below the water pump hous-
ing to prevent any engine coolant from dripping into the
timing chain case. J
• Pull water pump straight out while preventing vane from
contacting socket in installation area.
• Remove water pump without causing sprocket to contact
timing chain. K
JLC357B
c. Remove M8 bolts and O-rings from water pump.
CAUTION:
• Do not disassemble water pump. L
• Do not reuse O-rings.
INSPECTION AFTER REMOVAL
M
• Visually check that there is no significant dirt or rusting on the
water pump body and vane.
• Check that there is no looseness in the vane shaft, and that it turns
smoothly when rotated by hand. N
• If the water pump does not perform properly, replace the water
pump assembly.
O
P
SLC943A
INSTALLATION
PBIC2837E
PBIC1058E
3. Remove dust and foreign material completely from installation area of timing chain tensioner (primary)
and rear timing chain case.
4. Turn crankshaft pulley approximately 20° clockwise so that tim-
ing chain on the timing chain tensioner (primary) side is loose.
PBIC0848E
5. Install timing chain tensioner (primary) with its stopper pin inserted.
CAUTION:
Be careful not to drop bolts inside timing chain case.
6. Remove stopper pin.
• Make sure again that timing chain and water pump sprocket
are engaged.
PBIC2838E
SLC446B
D
b. Apply a continuous bead of liquid gasket, to mating surface of
chain tensioner and water pump cover, using Tool.
E
Tool number : WS39930000 ( — )
Use Genuine RTV Silicone Sealant or equivalent. Refer to
GI-15, "Recommended Chemical Products and Sealants". F
CAUTION:
• Installation should be done within 5 minutes after apply-
ing liquid gasket.
• Do not fill the engine with oil for at least 30 minutes after G
the components are installed to allow the sealant to cure. PBIC2663E
K
ALBIA0679ZZ
AWBIA1156GB
WARNING:
Never remove the radiator cap when the engine is hot. Serious burns could occur from high pressure
engine coolant escaping from the radiator. Wrap a thick cloth around the cap. Slowly turn it a quarter
of a turn to release built-up pressure. Carefully remove radiator cap by turning it all the way.
NOTE:
When removing components such as hoses, tubes/lines, etc., cap or plug openings to prevent fluid from spill-
ing.
REMOVAL
1. Remove engine cooling fan (Motor driven type). Refer to CO-19, "Removal and Installation (Motor driven
type)".
2. Disconnect radiator hose (lower) and oil cooler hose from water inlet and thermostat assembly.
3. Remove water inlet and thermostat assembly.
CAUTION:
• Do not disassemble water inlet and thermostat assembly.
• Replace water inlet and thermostat assembly as a unit.
SLC962AB
D
• After checking the full-open lift amount, lower the water temperature and check the valve closing tem-
perature.
E
Thermostat Standard
Valve opening temperature Refer to CO-30, "Standard and Limit"
F
Full-open lift amount Refer to CO-30, "Standard and Limit"
Valve closing temperature Refer to CO-30, "Standard and Limit"
• If valve seating at measured values are out of standard range, replace water inlet and thermostat G
assembly.
INSTALLATION
Installation is in the reverse order of removal. H
CAUTION:
Do not spill engine coolant in engine room. Use a shop cloth to absorb engine coolant.
INSPECTION AFTER INSTALLATION I
• Check for engine coolant leaks. Refer to CO-10, "System Inspection".
• Start and warm up engine. Visually check for coolant leaks. Repair as necessary.
• Check and adjust engine coolant level. Refer to MA-13, "Fluids and Lubricants". J
AWBIA1025GB
WARNING:
Never remove the radiator cap when the engine is hot. Serious burns could occur from high pressure
engine coolant escaping from the radiator. Wrap a thick cloth around the cap. Slowly turn it a quarter
of a turn to release built-up pressure. Carefully remove radiator cap by turning it all the way.
NOTE:
When removing components such as hoses, tubes/lines, etc., cap or plug openings to prevent fluid from spill-
ing.
REMOVAL
1. Drain engine coolant from radiator. Refer to CO-11, "Changing Engine Coolant".
CAUTION:
• Perform this step when engine is cold.
• Do not spill engine coolant on drive belts.
2. Remove the intake manifold collector. Refer to EM-25, "Removal and Installation".
3. Remove engine coolant temperature sensor as necessary.
CAUTION:
Be careful not to damage engine coolant temperature sensor.
4. Remove water outlet and gaskets, heater pipe, water bypass hoses and water pipe.
Revision: December 2011 CO-28 2012 Xterra
WATER OUTLET AND WATER PIPING
< REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION > [VQ40DE]
INSTALLATION
Installation is in the reverse order of removal, paying attention to the following. A
• Securely insert each hose, and install clamp at a position where it does not interfere with the pipe bulge.
• When inserting water pipe into water outlet, apply mild soap to O-ring.
CAUTION: CO
Do not reuse O-ring.
INSPECTION AFTER INSTALLATION
• Check for engine coolant leaks. Refer to CO-10, "System Inspection". C
• Start and warm up engine. Visually check for coolant leaks. Repair as necessary.
• Check and adjust engine coolant level. Refer to MA-13, "Fluids and Lubricants".
D
Engine coolant capacity (With reservoir tank at “MAX” level) 10.2 (10-3/4, 9)
RADIATOR
Unit: kPa (kg/cm2, psi)
THERMOSTAT