REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES

NUEVA ECIJA UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

SUMACAB CAMPUS

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

PRINCIPLES OF TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING

SUBMITTED BY:
BUDALIAN, IRA LUIS
BUÑING, CYRELL
CAPILI, ERNESTO

SUBMITTED TO:
ENGR. RONALD D. DANAN

JANUARY 25, 2022

PRINCIPLES OF TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING
Transportation engineering is a sub-discipline of civil engineering. Goal is to provide
safe, rapid, comfortable, convenient, economical, and environmentally compatible movement of
people and goods. Deals with the application of technology and scientific principles to the
planning, functional design, operation and management of facilities for any mode of
transportation.

Transportation and its importance and impact to the society and economy

Significant role

Transportation plays a crucial role in facilitating trade, commerce, conquest, and social
interaction. It allows for the movement of goods and people, connecting different regions,
markets, and communities.

Support

Good transportation is necessary but not sufficient for economic growth. The absence of
supportive transportation services will limit or hinder a nation or region's potential for economic
growth.

Environmental impact

Transportation can have negative effects such as danger, noise, environmental changes,
pollution, and energy consumption.

Economic vitality

The speed, cost, and capacity of available transportation have a significant impact on the
economic vitality of an area and the ability to make maximum use of its natural resources.

Good Transportation

Good transportation permits the specialization of industry or commerce, reduces costs for
raw materials or manufactured goods, and increases competition between regions, thus resulting
in reduced prices and greater choices for the consumer.
 HISTORY OF MODES OF TRANSPORTATION

 7600 BCE - The first mode of transportation was created in the effort to traverse water:
boats. Those who colonized Australia roughly 60,000–40,000 years ago have been
credited as the first people to cross the sea, though there is some evidence that seafaring
trips were carried out as far back as 900,000 years ago. The earliest known boats were
simple log boats, also referred to as dugouts, which were made by hollowing out a tree
trunk. Evidence for these floating vehicles comes from artifacts that date back to around
10,000–7,000 years ago. The Pesse canoe—a log boat—is the oldest boat unearthed and
dates as far back as 7600 BCE. Rafts have been around nearly as long, with artifacts
showing them in use for at least 8,000 years.

 4000 BC - Around 4000 BC, humans learnt to domesticate animals and, use them

for transport and trade. Capable of travelling long distances and carrying heavier loads,
the use of animals made travel and trade easier and more efficient, leading to trails and
tracks in the land. This was the first significant development in the history of transport.

 3500 BC - The wheel was invented in Iraq and the first wheel was made from wood.
They were originally used by the potters to help shape the clay. Later, wheels were fitted
to carts which made moving objects around easier.

 Initially, a canoe-like structure was used for water transportation. A canoe-built structure
allows you to paddle fast with less effort, and makes turns quickly and easily.

 3100 BC - Egyptians invented the sailing boat while the Romans built roads across
Europe.

 2000 BC - Chariot came up in the scene

 1044 AD - Compass was invented in China.

 1662 AD - horse-drawn public bus came up. A horse-bus or horse-drawn omnibus was
a large, enclosed, and sprung horse-drawn vehicle used for passenger transport before the
introduction of motor vehicles. It was mainly used in the late 19th century in both the
United States and Europe, and was one of the most common means of transportation in
cities.
 1783 AD - Hot air balloon came up. On the 19th September 1783 Pilatre De Rozier, a
scientist, launched the first hot air balloon called 'Aerostat Reveillon'. The passengers
were a sheep, a duck and a rooster and the balloon stayed in the air for a grand total of 15
minutes before crashing back to the ground.

 1801 AD - Steam load locomotive came up. Richard Trevithick built the first steam
locomotive known to have hauled a load over a distance at Pen-y-darren in 1804.
Salamanca, built in 1812 by Matthew Murray for the Middleton Railway, was the first
commercially successful steam locomotive.

 1814 - The steam-powered train was invented. In 1814 July 25th George Stephenson
invented the steam train which was the first vehicle that could transport tons of resources
at a top speed of roughly 4 mph. He called the break through the blucher.

 1816 - Primitive bicycle was made. The German Baron Karl Drais von Sauerbronn
invented the Bicycle. This Predecessors to the Modern Bicycle was was made entirely of
wood. And it was popularly known as "Laufmaschine" or "Running Machine" as this
steerable machine had no pedals; a rider would push his/her feet against the ground to
make the machine go forward.

 1900 - Airship was invented. In 1900, German military officer, Ferdinand Zeppelin
invented a rigid framed dirigible or airship that became known as the Zeppelin. Zeppelin
flew the world's first untethered rigid airship, the LZ-1, on July 2, 1900, near Lake
Constance in Germany, carrying five passengers.

 1904 - First motor-driven airplane was made. First controlled, sustained flight in a
powered airplane: was made by Orville Wright in the Wright Flyer on December 17,
1903, during which they travelled 37 m (120 ft). [note 1] First circular flight by a
powered airplane: was made by Wilbur Wright who flew 1,240 m (4,080 ft) in about a
minute and a half on September 20, 1904.

 1947 - The supersonic flight was invented. The first aircraft to fly at supersonic speeds
was a Bell X-1 rocket-powered research plane piloted by Major Charles E. Yeager of the
U.S. Air Force on October 14, 1947, and attained a max speed of 1,126 per hour.
  1957 - Man-made satellite, Sputnik 1 was launched. History changed on October 4, 1957,
when the Soviet Union successfully launched Sputnik I. The world's first artificial
satellite was about the size of a beach ball, 58 cm in diameter, weighed only 83.6 kg., and
took about 98 minutes to orbit Earth on its elliptical path. (8 km/s or 18,000 mph)

TRANSPORTATION PLANNING
WHAT IS TRANSPORTATION PLANNING?
 transportation planning is the act of assessing the existing condition of regional
transportation, preparing for future requirements, and fusing much of that with aspects of
budgets, goals, and policies

 It is a projection of travel demand to make sure that there is enough infrastructure and
support services to accommodate that demand. For cities to be defined, economic activity
to be enabled, community engagement to be fostered, and quality of life to be improved,
transportation planning is essential. It is also essential for ensuring sustainable growth
and safe accessibility for all people at all levels.

ROLE OF TRANSPORTATION
 Access to various areas for enterprises and people, for either goods or individual, is
the primary role of transportation.

IMPORTANCE OF TRANSPORTATION PLANNING

 Efficiency- to improve resource control and ensure effective management
 Quality- to lessen the traffic impact
 Equity – to meet the travel demand

BASIC ELEMENTS OF TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING

Transportation planning process comprises seven basic elements:
1. Situation Definition — Provide a summary of the fundamental elements that led to the
current scenario as well as the system's scope.
2. Problem Definition — An explanation of the issue in terms of the project's goals, together
with a conversion of those goals into quantifiable criteria.
3. Search for Solutions — This is the stage of ideation where various choices are put forth while
taking into account a variety of concepts, layouts, settings, and system configurations that could
offer answers to the issue for further testing and review.
 4. Analysis of Performance — Evaluation of the performance of all of the suggested options in
both the present and the future.
5. Evaluation of Alternatives — Evaluating each alternative's potential to meet the project's
goals in view of the criteria.
6. Choice of Project — Project selection is to be done after considering all the factors involved.
7. Specification and Construction — After the transportation plan is chosen, the project enters
a comprehensive design phase where each facility component is described.

REFERENCES:
 (2022, August 10). YouTube. Retrieved January 25, 2023, from
https://historicaltours.weebly.com/1814-the-invention-of-the-steam-locomotive.html
 Canoe Design – Canoeing.com. (n.d.). Canoeing.com. Retrieved January 25, 2023, from
https://canoeing.com/canoes/canoe-design/
 Das, N. (n.d.). History of Transportation: Timeline, Types, Evolution & Impact.
Collegedunia. Retrieved January 25, 2023, from https://collegedunia.com/exams/history-
of-transportation-introduction-types-evolution-physics-articleid-3905
 Gould, P. (n.d.). Horsebus. Wikipedia. Retrieved January 25, 2023, from
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horsebus
 History of Airships and Flight Balloons. (2019, November 12). ThoughtCo. Retrieved
January 25, 2023, from https://www.thoughtco.com/history-of-airships-and-balloons-
1991241
 Invention Of The Wheel | Facts About The Wheel | DK Find Out. (n.d.). DK Find Out!
Retrieved January 25, 2023, from https://www.dkfindout.com/us/science/amazing-
inventions/wheel/
 NASA | History - Sputnik. (n.d.). NASA History Division. Retrieved January 25, 2023,
from https://history.nasa.gov/sputnik.html
 Robertson, M. (n.d.). Planes, Trains and Automobiles: The History of Transportation.
Leland-West Insurance. Retrieved January 25, 2023, from
https://www.lelandwest.com/planes-trains-automobiles-the-history-of-transportation.cfm
 Supersonic flight | Britannica. (n.d.). Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved January 25,
2023, from https://www.britannica.com/technology/supersonic-flight
 Contribution of transport to economic development Economic development and transport
project - Summary report. (n.d.). Ministry of Transport. Retrieved January 25, 2023, from
https://www.transport.govt.nz/assets/Uploads/Report/edt-Contribution-of-transport-to-
economic-development.pdf
 TRANSPORTATION PLANNING. (2012, March 6). SlideShare. Retrieved January 25,
2023, from https://www.slideshare.net/NurRamadhan1/transportation-planning-11880455
 QUESTIONS:

1. It is a sub-discipline of civil engineering

-Transportation Engineering
2. It Deals with the application of technology and scientific principles to the planning,
functional design, operation and management of facilities for any mode of transportation
-Transportation Engineering
3-7. Give the five goal of transportation engineering
-safe, rapid, comfortable, convenient, economical, and environmentally compatible
8. A log boat, oldest boat unearthed and dates as far back as 7600 BCE
-Pesse Canoe
9. Where was the wheel invented?
-Iraq
10. Who/What are the passengers in the first hot air balloon?
-Duck Rooster, Sheep
11. It was the first commercially successful steam locomotive.
-Salamanca
12. What year does the airship is invented?
-1900
13. What is the name of the first aircraft to fly at supersonic speeds?
-Bell X-1
14. In 1957, what is the name of the first man-made satellite?
-Sputnik 1
15. How many are the basic elements of transportation engineering?
-7
16. What is the act of assessing the existing condition of regional transportation, preparing
for future requirements, and fusing much of that with aspects of budgets, goals, and policies?
- Transportation planning
17. Provide a summary of the fundamental elements that led to the current scenario as well as
the system's scope.
- Situation definition
18. Evaluation of the performance of all of the suggested options in both the present and the
future.
- Analysis of performance
19. This is the stage of ideation where various choices are put forth
- Search for solutions
20. An explanation of the issue in terms of the project's goals, together with a conversion
of those goals into quantifiable criteria.
- Problem definition