INDEX

Sr. no. Topic Page no.

1. Practical chemistry 2–4
2. All-important equations 4 – 18
3. All chapters MCC’S 18 – 61
4. Top School Prelim Papers with
solution
a. Arya Vidya Mandir (Juhu)
b. Bhaktivedanta Swami Mission
c. Children’s Academy
d. Hiranandani Foundation
e. Jasudben M. L
f. JBCN
g. Jamnabai Narsee
h. Thakur International
i. Thakur Public
j. Vibgyor High
k. Vidya Jyothi
 Identification and observation for gas

➢ Neutral Gases:-

1. H2 (Hydrogen) : A colourless , odourless neutral gas is evolved which burns with a

pale blue flame producing a pop sound.

2. O2 (Oxygen) : A colourless, odourless neutral gas is evolved which rekindles a

glowing splinter and turns colourless alkaline pyrogallol solution to
brown.

3. H2O (Water) : A colourless, odourless neutral gas is evolved which turns white
anhydrous copper sulphate blue and turns blue cobalt chloride paper
pink.

➢ Acidic Gases :-

4. CO2 (Carbon dioxide) : A colourless , odourless acidic gas is evolved which turns
lime water milky but has no effect on acidified KMnO4 OR
acidified K2Cr2O7 solution.

5. SO2 (Sulphur dioxide) : A colourless , suffocating odour acidic gas is evolved which
turns lime water milky and turns acidified KMnO4 solution
pink to clear colourless and acidified K2Cr2O7 solution
orange to clear green.

6. Cl2 (Chlorine) : A greenish yellow , pungent odour acidic gas is evolved which turns
moist starch iodide paper blue black.

7. HCl (Hydrogen chloride) : A colourless , pungent odour acidic gas is evolved

which gives dense white fumes when a glass rod is dipped
in ammonia solution is brought near gas.

8. H2S (Hydrogen Sulphide) : A colourless , rotten egg smell acidic gas is evolved
which turns moist lead acetate paper silvery black.

9. NO2 (Nitrogen dioxide) : A reddish brown, irritating odour acidic gas is evolved
which turns moist KI paper brown.

➢ Basic Gases :-

10. NH3 (Ammonia) : A colourless pungent odour basic gas is evolved which gives
dense white fumes when a glass rod is dipped in conc. HCl is
brought near the gas.

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 Identification of cations

Cations NaOH solutions (Strong alkali) NH4OH solutions (weak alkali)

Small quantity Excess quantity Small quantity Excess quantity
Ca2+ A milky white Insoluble No precipitate/
precipitate no Reaction
Fe2+ A dirty green Insoluble A dirty green Insoluble
precipitate precipitate
Fe3+ A reddish brown Insoluble A reddish Insoluble
precipitate brown
precipitate
Cu2+ A pale blue Insoluble A pale blue Soluble in excess
precipitate precipitate of NH4OH
solution to give
inky/deep blue
solution
Pb2+ A chalky white Soluble in excess A chalky white Insoluble
precipitate of NaOH solution precipitate
to give colourless
solution
Zn2+ A gelatinous Soluble in excess A gelatinous Soluble in excess
white precipitate of NaOH solution white of NH4OH
to give colourless precipitate colourless
solution solution

Please note :
1. Precipitate of Zn(OH)2 is soluble in excess NaOH and NH4OH solution.

2. Precipitate of Cu(OH)2 is soluble in excess NH4OH solution only.

3. Precipitate of Pb(OH)2 is soluble in excess NaOH solution only.

To distinguish between Zn2+ and Pb2+ ions only NH4OH solution is used.

Flame test :
Ion Flame
Na+ Golden yellow
K+ Lilac flame
Ca2+ Brick red

NH4+ : Any ammonium salt is treated with alkali a pungent smelling gas is evolved
which turns moist red litmus blue or gives dense white fumes with glass rod
dipped in conc. HCl brought near the gas.

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 Identification of Anions

Anions Gas Evolved Test

𝐶𝑂32− CO2 CO2 gas property
Carbonate ion
𝑆𝑂32− SO2 1. SO2 gas property
Sulphite ion 2. Add BaCl2 solution to a salt solution
A white precipitation is formed which is soluble in
excess of dil HCl/ dil HNO3
𝑆𝑂42− - Add BaCl2 solution to a salt solution
Sulphate ion A white precipitation is formed which is insoluble
in excess of dil HCl/ dil HNO3
𝑆 2− H2S H2S gas property
Sulphide ion
𝑁𝑂31− NO2, O2 1. NO2 gas property
Nitrate ion 2. O2 gas property
3. Add freshly prepared FeSO4 solution into salt
solution followed by dropwise conc. H2SO4 acid.
A brown ring is formed.
𝐶𝑙1− Cl2, HCl 1. Cl2 gas property
Chloride ion 2. HCl gas property
3. Add AgNO3 solution
A white precipitate is formed which is soluble in
excess of NH4OH solution (NH3 solution)

Different colours to be remembered :

Cu → Reddish brown

CuSO4
Cu(NO3 )2 } → Blue
CuCl2

CuS
Cu𝑂} → Black

CuCO3 → Light green

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 LIST OF IMPORTANT REACTIONS

Hydrochloric Acid

1) Laboratory preparation of HCl gas

< 200° 𝑐
NaCl + H2SO4 → NaHSO4 + HCl (g)
conc.

> 200° 𝑐
2) 2NaCl + H2SO4 → Na2SO4 + 2HCl (g)
conc.

3) CaO + 2HCl → CaCl2 + H2O

dil

4) Active Metal + Acid → Salt + H2

Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl2 + H2
dil
Mg + 2HCl → MgCl2 + H2
dil
Fe + 2HCl → FeCl2 + H2
dil

Observation : A colourless, odourless, neutral gas is evolved which burns with a pale
blue flame and pop sound.

5) Metallic carbonate/ bicarbonate + Acid → Salt + H2O + CO2

Na2CO3 + 2HCl → 2NaCl + H2O + CO2
dil
NaHCO3 + HCl → NaCl + H2O + CO2
dil
Ca(HCO3)2 + 2HCl → CaCl2 + 2H2O + 2CO2
dil

Observation : A colourless, odourless, acidic gas is evolved which turns lime water
milky but has no effect on acidified KMO4 solution and acidified k2Cr2O7
solution.

6) Metallic sulphite/bisulphite + Acid → Salt + H2O + SO2

Na2SO3 + 2HCl → 2NaCl + H2O + SO2
dil
MgSO3 + 2HCl → MgCl2 + H2O + SO2

Observation : A colourless, suffocating odour acidic gas is evolved which turn lime
water milky & turns acidified KMO4 solution pink to clear colourless &
acidified K2Cr2O7 solution orange to clear green.

7) Metallic sulphide + Acid → Salt + H2S

Na2S + 2HCl → 2NaCl + H2S
dil

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 FeS + 2HCl → FeCl2 + H2S
dil

CuS + 2HCl → CuCl2 + H2S

Black dil Blue

Observation: A colourless, rotten egg smelling acidic gas is evolved which turns moist
lead acetate paper silvery black.

8) Pb(NO3)2 + 2HCl → PbCl2 + 2HNO3

dil white ppt.
PbCl2 is a white ppt. soluble in hot water.

9) AgNO3 + HCl → AgCl + HNO3

dil white ppt.
AgCl is a white ppt soluble in excess of NH4OH solution (NH3 solution)

10) CuO + 2HCl → CuCl2 + H2O

Black dil Blue

11) Oxidising agents oxidized conc. HCl to greenish yellow Cl2 gas.
∆
MnO2 + 4HCl (conc) → MnCl2 + 2H2O + Cl2

12) Aqua regia is a mixture of 1 part of conc. HNO3 + 3 parts of concentrate HCl
(Oxidising agent)

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 Ammonia
1) Laboratory preparation of NH3 :-
∆
2NH4Cl + Ca(OH)2 → CaCl2 + 2H2O + 2NH3

∆
2) NH4Cl + NaOH → NaCl + H2O + NH3

3) 3Mg + N2 → Mg3N2
Mg3N2 + 6H2O (warm) → 3Mg(OH)2 + 2NH3

3Ca + N2 → Ca3N2
Ca3N2 + 6H2O (warm) → 3Ca(OH)2 + 2NH3

2Al + N2 → 2AlN
AlN +3H2O(warm) → Al(OH)3 + NH3

4) Industrial process of NH3 : Haber’s process

𝐹𝑒,𝑀𝑜
→
N2 + 3H2 ⃐ 450° − 500° 2NH3 + ∆
200 − 900 𝑎𝑡𝑚

5) NH3 + HCl → NH4Cl

dil

6) NH3 + HNO3 → NH4NO3

dil

7) 2NH3 + H2SO4 → (NH4)2SO4

dil

8) Ammonia is a strong reducing agent

a) 3CuO + 2NH3 → 3 Cu + 3H2O + N2
Black Reddish brown

b) 3PbO + 2NH3 → 3 Pb + 3H2O + N2

buff yellow Grey
(Amphoteric)

c) 8 NH3 + 3 Cl2 → 6NH4Cl + N2

excess

d) NH3 + 3 Cl2 → NCl3 + 3HCl

Excess Nitrogen trichloride
(yellow explosive liquid)

9) Oxidation (Burning of Ammonia)

4NH3 + 3O2 → 2N2 + 6H2O
Ammonia burn in excess of oxygen with a greenish yellow flame

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10) Catalytic oxidation of NH3 :
𝑝𝑡
→
4 NH3 + 5O2 700℃ − 800℃ 4NO + 6H2O + ∆

11) Ammonium Hydroxide reacts with different metallic salts to give precipitate
of respective metal hydroxides.

a. FeSO4 +2NH4OH → Fe(OH)2 + (NH4)2SO4 Dirty green precipitate

b. FeCl3 +3NH4OH → Fe(OH)3 + 3NH4Cl Reddish brown precipitate

c. Pb(NO3)2 + 2NH4OH → Pb(OH)2 + 2NH4NO3 Chalky white precipitate

d. CuSO4 +2NH4OH → Cu(OH)2 + (NH4)2SO4 Pale blue precipitate

e. ZnSO4 +2NH4OH → Zn(OH)2 + (NH4)2SO4 Gelatinous white precipitate

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 Nitric Acid

1) Laboratory preparation of HNO3 : -

< 200° 𝑐
KNO3 + H2SO4 → KHSO4 + HNO3
conc.

2) Decomposition of HNO3 : -
∆
4HNO3 → 2H2O + 4NO2 + O2

3) Industrial process of HNO3 : Ostwald’s process

𝑝𝑡
→
4 NH3 + 5O2 700℃ − 800℃ 4NO + 6H2O + ∆

4) C + 4HNO3 → CO2 + 2H2O + 4NO2

conc.

5) S + 6HNO3 → H2SO4 + 2H2O + 6NO2

conc.

6) Cu + 4HNO3 → Cu(NO3)2 + 2H2O + 2NO2

conc.

Observation for reaction 4. 5. And 6:

A reddish brown acidic gas is evolved which turns moist KI paper brown.

7) 3 Cu + 8HNO3 → 3 Cu(NO3)2 + 4H2O + 2NO

dil

8) Fe(OH)3 + 3HNO3 → Fe(NO3)3 + 3H2O

dil

9) CuCO3 + 2HNO3 → Cu(NO3)2 + H2O + CO2

Light green Blue

10) Action of heat on nitrates :

∆
a) 2KNO3 → 2KNO2 + O2

∆
b) 2Cu(NO3)2 → 2 CuO + 4NO2 + O2
Blue Black
∆
2Zn(NO3)2 → 2 ZnO + 4NO2 + O2
yellow when hot
white when cold
∆
2Pb(NO3)2 → 2 PbO + 4NO2 + O2
∆
c) NH4NO3 → N2O + 2H2O
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 Sulphuric Acid
1) Industrial process : contact process ?
a) S + O2 → SO2
𝑉2 𝑂5
→
b) 2SO2 + O2 ⃐450° − 500° 2SO3 + ∆
1 − 2 𝑎𝑡𝑚

c) SO3 + H2SO4 → H2S2O7

Oleum
H2S2O7 + H2O → 2H2SO4

2) Zn + H2SO4 → ZnSO4 + H2
Mg + H2SO4 → MgSO4 + H2
Fe + H2SO4 → FeSO4 + H2
dil

3) Na2CO3 + H2SO4 → Na2SO4 + H2O + CO2

dil

4) 2KHCO3 + H2SO4 → K2SO4 + 2H2O + 2CO2

dil

5) Na2SO3 + H2SO4 → Na2SO4 + H2O + SO2

dil

6) Na2S + H2SO4 → Na2SO4 + H2S

dil

7) ZnS + H2SO4 → ZnSO4 + H2S

dil

8) CuS + H2SO4 → CuSO4 + H2S

Black dil Blue

9) FeS + H2SO4 → FeSO4 + H2S

dil

10) Pb(NO3)2 + H2SO4 → PbSO4 + 2HNO3

dil White ppt.

11) BaCl2 + H2SO4 → BaSO4 + 2HCl

dil White ppt.
insoluble in dil HCl/HNO3

12) Conc. H2SO4 is a non-volatile acid

Preparation of HCl : -
< 200° 𝑐
NaCl + H2SO4 → NaHSO4 + HCl
conc.

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 Preparation of HNO3 : -
< 200° 𝑐
KNO3 + H2SO4 → KHSO4 + HNO3
conc.

13) Conc. H2SO4 is an oxiding agent

C + 2H2SO4 → CO2 + 2H2O + 2SO2
conc.
S + 2H2SO4 → 2H2O + 3SO2
conc.
Cu + 2H2SO4 → CuSO4 + 2H2O + 2SO2
conc.

14) Conc. H2SO4 is a dehydrating agent

𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑐. 𝐻2 𝑆𝑂4
C12H22O11 → 12C + 11H2O
Black spongy
charred mass

𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑐. 𝐻2 𝑆𝑂4
CuSO4.5H2O → CuSO4 + 5H2O
Blue vitriol White anhydrous powder
(Blue crystalline salt)

15) Ethanol to ethene

𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑐. 𝐻2 𝑆𝑂4
C2H5OH → C2H4 + H2O
𝑜
170 𝐶

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 Electrolysis
1. Electrolysis of Molten Lead Bromide

Dissociation Reaction
PbBr2 ⇌ Pb2+ + 2Br-

At cathode
Pb2+ + 2e- → Pb
observation – silvery grey metal deposit

At Anode
Br- - e- → Br
Br + Br → Br2
observation – reddish brown fumes

2. Electrolysis of Acidified Water

Dissociation Reactions
H2SO4 ⇌ 2H+ + SO42-
H2O ⇌ H+ + OH-

At cathode
H+ + e- → H X4
2H + 2H → 2H2
Observation – a neutral gas evolved which burns with pale blue flame and pop sound

At Anode
OH - - e- → OH X 4
4OH → 2H2O + O2
Observation – neutral gas evolved which rekindle the glowing splinter

3. Electrolysis of Aq. Copper sulphate using inert electrode

Dissociation Reactions
CuSO4 ⇌ Cu2+ + SO42-
H2O ⇌ H+ + OH-

At cathode
Cu2+ + 2e- → Cu
Observation – Size of Cathode Increases

At Anode
OH - - e- → OH X 4
4OH → 2H2O + O2
Observation – neutral gas evolved which rekindle the glowing splinter

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4. Electrolysis of Aq. Copper sulphate using Active ( Copper) electrode

Dissociation Reactions
CuSO4 ⇌ Cu2+ + SO42-
H2O ⇌ H+ + OH-

At cathode
Cu2+ + 2e- → Cu
Observation – Size of Cathode Increases

At Anode
Cu – 2e- → Cu2+
Observation – Size of anode diminishes

5. Electroplating with Nickel

Dissociation Reactions of Aq. Nickel Sulphate

NiSO4 ⇌ Cu2+ + SO42-
H2O ⇌ H+ + OH-

At cathode
Ni2+ +2e- → Ni
Observation – Size of Cathode Increases

At Anode
Ni - 2e- → Ni2+
Observation – Size of anode diminishes

6. Electroplating with Silver

Dissociation Reactions of Aq. Solution of Sodium Silver Cyanide

Na[Ag(CN)2] ⇌ Na+ + Ag+ + 2CN-
H2O ⇌ H+ + OH-

At cathode
Ag+ + e- → Ag
Observation – Size of Cathode Increases

At Anode
Ag - e- → Ag+
Observation – Size of anode diminishes

7. Electrorefining of Impure Copper

Dissociation Reactions
CuSO4 ⇌ Cu2+ + SO42-
H2O ⇌ H+ + OH-

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At cathode
Cu2+ + 2e- → Cu

Observation – Size of Cathode Increases

At Anode
Cu - 2e- → Cu2+
Observation – Size of anode diminishes

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 Metallurgy
1) Bayer's Process
150 to 200℃
Al2O3.2H2O + 2NaOH → 2NaAlO2 + 3H2O
Impure bauxite conc. Sodium Aluminate (Salt)

50 to 60℃
NaAlO2 +2H2O → NaOH + Al(OH)3 ↓
Sodium Aluminate Aluminum Hydroxide

1100℃
2Al(OH)3 → Al2O3 + 3H2O
Pure Alumina

Electrolytic reactions

Al2O3 ⇌ 2Al3+ + 3O2-

At Cathode – 2Al3+ + 6e- → 2Al

At Anode - 3O2- - 6e- → 3[O]

3[O] + 3[O] → 3O2

Product formed
At Cathode – Pure Aluminum metal
At Anode - Oxygen gas [CO & CO2]

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 Organic Chemistry
A. Laboratory Preparation of Methane & Ethane
1. Sodium acetate + Soda lime (NaOH + CaO)
𝐶𝑎𝑂
→
CH3COONa + NaOH ∆ Na2CO3 + CH4
Sodium ethanoate Methane

2. Sodium propionate + Soda lime (NaOH + CaO)

𝐶𝑎𝑂
→
C2H5COONa + NaOH ∆ Na2CO3 + C2H6
Sodium propanoate Ethane

B. From Alkyl Halides

𝑍𝑛 / 𝐶𝑢 𝐶𝑜𝑢𝑝𝑙𝑒 𝑖𝑛 𝐴𝑙𝑐𝑜ℎ𝑜𝑙
→
CH3I + 2[H] CH4 + HCl
Methyl Iodide Nascent Hydrogen Methane Hydrogen Iodide

𝑍𝑛 / 𝐶𝑢 𝐶𝑜𝑢𝑝𝑙𝑒 𝑖𝑛 𝐴𝑙𝑐𝑜ℎ𝑜𝑙
→
C2H5Cl + 2[H] C2H6 + HCl
Ethyl Chloride Nascent Hydrogen Ethane Hydrogen Chloride

Substitution Reactions (By only saturated Hydrocarbons) of Methane and Ethane

𝐷𝑖𝑓𝑓𝑢𝑠𝑒𝑑 𝑆𝑢𝑛𝑙𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡
→
CH4 + Cl2 CH3Cl + HCl
𝐷𝑖𝑓𝑓𝑢𝑠𝑒𝑑 𝑆𝑢𝑛𝑙𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡
→
CH3Cl + Cl2 CH2Cl2 + HCl
𝐷𝑖𝑓𝑓𝑢𝑠𝑒𝑑 𝑆𝑢𝑛𝑙𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡
→
CH2Cl2 +Cl2 CHCl3 + HCl (formation of chloroform)
𝐷𝑖𝑓𝑓𝑢𝑠𝑒𝑑 𝑆𝑢𝑛𝑙𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡
→
CHCl3 + Cl2 CCl4 + HCl (formation of Carbon tetra chloride)
𝐷𝑖𝑓𝑓𝑢𝑠𝑒𝑑 𝑆𝑢𝑛𝑙𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡
→
CH4 + 4Cl2 CCl4 + 4HCl
𝐷𝑖𝑓𝑓𝑢𝑠𝑒𝑑 𝑆𝑢𝑛𝑙𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡
→
C2H6 + Cl2 C2H5Cl + HCl
𝐷𝑖𝑓𝑓𝑢𝑠𝑒𝑑 𝑆𝑢𝑛𝑙𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡
→
C2H5Cl + Cl2 C2H4Cl2 + HCl
𝐷𝑖𝑓𝑓𝑢𝑠𝑒𝑑 𝑆𝑢𝑛𝑙𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡
→
C2H4Cl2 + Cl2 C2H3Cl3 + HCl
𝐷𝑖𝑓𝑓𝑢𝑠𝑒𝑑 𝑆𝑢𝑛𝑙𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡
→
C2H3Cl3 + Cl2 C2H2Cl4 + HCl
𝐷𝑖𝑓𝑓𝑢𝑠𝑒𝑑 𝑆𝑢𝑛𝑙𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡
→
C2H2Cl4 + Cl2 C2HCl5 + HCl
𝐷𝑖𝑓𝑓𝑢𝑠𝑒𝑑 𝑆𝑢𝑛𝑙𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡
→
C2HCl5 + Cl2 C2Cl6 + HCl

Oxidation Reactions
Complete oxidation (oxygen in excess)
CH4 + 2O2 → CO2 + 2H2O
2C2H6 + 7O2 → 4CO2 + 6H2O

Lab Preparation of Ethene (ethylene)

1. Ethanol (Ethyl Alcohol) → Ethene (ethylene)
𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑐. 𝐻2 𝑆𝑂4
→
C2H5OH 170𝑜 𝐶 C2H4 + H2O

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 𝐴𝑙2 𝑂3
→
C2H5OH 350𝑜 𝐶 C2H4 + H2O

2. Bromo ethane (Ethyl Bromide) → Ethene (Ethylene)

𝐵𝑜𝑖𝑙
C2H5Br + KOH → C2H4 +H2O + KBr
alcoholic

Addition Reactions By Alkenes

1. Catalytic Hydrogenation
Ethene → Ethane
𝑁𝑖𝑐𝑘𝑒𝑙
H2C = CH2 + H2 → H3C – CH3
300𝑜 𝐶

2. Halogenation

Lab Preparation of Ethyne (ethylene)

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Addition Reactions By Alkynes

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 MCQ’S
Periodic Properties and Variations of properties

Q.1. The element with lowest ionization energy among the following is
A Li
B Na
CK
D Rb

Q.2. Select the element in period 3 whose electron affinity is zero

A Neon
B Sulphur
C Sodium
D Argon

Q.3. Arrange the following as per instruction given in the brackets :K, CI, Na, S, Si
(decreasing order of atomic size)
A K < Na < Si < S < Cl
B K < Na < Si < < CI < S
C Na < S < Cl < K < Si
D Si < S < Cl < Na

Q.4. Which of the following is the atomic number of an element that forms basic oxide
A 18
B 17
C 19
D 15

Q.5. Which of the following is a most reactive element of the group 17

A Oxygen
B Sodium
C Fluorine
D Magnesium

Q.6. Alkaline earth metals include

A Group 1 element
B Group 2 element
C Group 18 element
D Group 17 element

Q.7. Identify the element belonging to third period and 17th group of the periodic table.
A Chlorine
B Bromine
C Sulphur
D Silicon

Q.8. If element 'X' forms a chloride with the formula XCl3, then X would most likely
belong to the same group of the Modern Periodic Table as :
A Na
B Br
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C Al
D Mg

Q.9. An element having electronic configuration 2, 8, 18, 3 belongs to which group of

the Modern Periodic Table?
A 13th group
B 3rd group
C 18th group
D 15th group

Q.10. Arrange the following as per instruction given in the brackets :Cs, Na, Li, K, Rb
(Increasing order of metallic character)
A LI < Na < K < Rb < Cs
B LI < Na < Cs < K < Rb
C K < Rb < Cs < LI < Na
D Cs < LI < Na < K < Rb

Q.11. As the number of shells increases down a group, the effective nuclear charge
A Increases
B Decreases
C Remains same
D Gets doubled.

Q.12. Valency of all elements present in group 16

A 3
B 1
C 6
D 2

Q.13. The smallest atom among alkali metals

A Sodium
B Potassium
C Lithium
D Caesium

Q.14. The most non-metallic element among halogens

A Br
B I
C CI
D F

Q.15. Alkaline earth metal with least ionization potential

A Ba
B Mg
C Ca
D Be

Q.16. Ionization potential across the period

A Decrease
B Increases
C Remains same
D Becomes half

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Q.17. The element with highest IP among Halogens
A Br
B I
C CI
D F

Q.18. Which is the correct order for increasing Oxidising property?

A Na < Al < Mg
B Mg < Al < Na
C Na < Mg < Al
D Al < Mg < Na

Q.19. Atomic numbers of some elements are mention in options, which of the following
element has lowest IP?
A 3
B 9
C 11
D 17

Q.20. With reference of the variation of properties in the periodic table, which of the
following is generally true?
A Atomic size increases from left to right across a period
B Ionisation potential increases from left to right across a period.
C Electron affinity increases going down a group.
D Electronegativity increases going down a group.

Answer :

1 D 6 B 11 A 16 B
2 D 7 A 12 D 17 D
3 A 8 C 13 C 18 C
4 C 9 A 14 D 19 C
5 C 10 A 15 A 20 B

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 Chemical Bonding

Q.1. Which solution of the following compounds will not conduct electricity?
A NaCl
B CCl4
C MgCl2
D CaCl2

Q.2. Due to the presence of strong electrostatic forces of attraction between ions, ionic
compounds
A Have high melting and boiling points
B Conduct electricity in solid state
C Dissolve in kerosene
D All of the above

Q.3. Ionic bond is present in which of the following species:

A O2
B CHCl3
C NaBr
D CCl4

Q.4. The type of bonding in HCl molecule is

A Polar covalent bond
B Pure covalent
C Non polar
D Hydrogen bonding

Q.5. Electrovalent compounds have ______ melting point.

A High
B Same
C medium
D low

Q.6. A molecule of ___________ contains a triple bond.

A Nitrogen
B Hydrogen
C carbon
D Ammonia

Q.7. The one which is composed of all the three kinds of bond (ionic; covalent and
coordinate bond) is
A Sodium chloride
B Ammonia
C carbon tetrachloride
D Ammonium chloride

Q.8. Both ionic and covalent bonds are present in

A NaOH
B SO2
C CH4
D KCl

21 | P a g e
Q.9. Why do atoms share electrons in covalent bonds?
A to increase their atomic numbers
B to attain a noble-gas electron configuration
C to become more polar
D to become ions and attract each other

Q.10. Covalent bond is formed between

A Metal and non-metal
B Metals
C Two non-metals
D Non-metal and an ion

Q.11. Ammonia has _______________ number of lone pairs.

A 1
B 2
C 3
D 4

Q.12. Compound X Comprises only ions. Thus, compound X will:

A Be soft solids, liquids or gases
B Have high boiling point
C Dissolve in toluene
D Undergo ionization when dissolved in water.

Q.13. Generally slow reaction are shown by:

A Covalent compound
B Ionic compound
C Coordinate covalent compound
D None of the above.

Q.14. Sodium and Sodium ions:

A Have same chemical properties
B Have same number of electrons
C Have same number of protons
D Both B and C

Q.15. A compound which has all three types of bonds, i.e Ionic, covalent, and
coordinate is:
A Hydroxyl
B Magnesium Chloride
C Hydronium
D Ammonium Chloride

Q.16. Which of the following has a double covalent bond?

A MgCl2
B N2
C O2
D Cl2

Q.17. Which statement is true for covalent compound?

A They are hard solids
B They have high boiling but low melting point

22 | P a g e
C They consist of charged particles
D They are poor conductors of electricity in solid state.

Q.18. Bond found in Magnesium Chloride is

A Electrovalent bond
B Covalent bond
C Co-ordinate bond
D Dative bond

Q.19. Which statement is not true for chloride molecule?

A It has a covalent bond
B It exist in liquid or gas form
C It has strong molecular attraction
D It has low melting and boiling point

Q.20. Chloride ion is more stable than chlorine atom because of-
A Complete octet in chloride ion
B Chlorine ion is large sized
C None of the above
D All of the above

Answer :

1 B 6 A 11 A 16 C
2 A 7 D 12 B 17 D
3 C 8 A 13 A 18 A
4 A 9 B 14 C 19 C
5 A 10 C 15 D 20 A

23 | P a g e
 Acids, Bases and Salts

Q.1. What happens when a solution of an acid is mixed with a solution of a base in a
test tube?
(i) Temperature of the solution decreases
(ii) Temperature of the solution increases
(iii) Temperature of the solution remains the same
(iv) Salt formation takes place
(a) (i) and (iv)
(b) (i) and (iii)
(c) (ii) only
(d) (ii) and (iv)

Q.2. Which one of the following salts does not con-tain water of crystallisation?
A Blue vitriol
B Baking soda
C Washing soda
D Gypsum

Q.3. In terms of acidic strength, which one of the following is in the correct increasing
order?
A Water < Acetic acid < Hydrochloric acid
B Water < Hydrochloric acid < Acetic acid
C Acetic acid < Water < Hydrochloric acid
D Hydrochloric acid < Water < Acetic acid

Q.4. What is formed when zinc reacts with sodium hydroxide?

A Zinc hydroxide and sodium
B Sodium zincate and hydrogen gas
C Sodium zinc-oxide and hydrogen gas
D Sodium zincate and water

Q.5. Methyl orange is

A Pink in acidic medium, yellow in basic medium
B Yellow in acidic medium, pink in basic medium
C Colourless in acidic medium, pink in basic medium
D Pink in acidic medium, colourless in basic medium.

Q.6. Brine is an
A aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide
B aqueous solution of sodium carbonate
C aqueous solution of sodium chloride
D aqueous solution of sodium bicarbonate

Q.7. Na2CO3 . 10H2O is

A washing soda
B baking soda
C bleaching powder
D tartaric acid

24 | P a g e
Q.8. How many water molecules does hydrated cal-cium sulphate contain?
A5
B 10
C7
D2

Q.9. Sodium carbonate is a basic salt because it is a salt of a

A strong acid and strong base
B weak acid and weak base
C strong acid and weak base
D weak acid and strong base

Q.10. Alkalis are

A acids, which are soluble in water
B acids, which are insoluble in water
C bases, which are insoluble in water
D bases, which are soluble in water

Q.11. Reagent which forms deep blue solution with copper sulphate
A Copper Sulphate
B Calcium carbonate
C Ammonia
D Ammonium Hydroxide

Q.12. Soluble complex formed when zinc reacts with sodium hydroxide
A ZnO
B Zn[OH]2
C Na2ZnO2
D No reaction

Q.13. A yellow monoxide that dissolves in hot and concentrated alkali

A ZnO
B CuO
C PbO
D AgO

Q.14. Calcium nitrate on reaction with ammonium hydroxide given

A White precipitate
B Green precipitate
C No visible reaction
D None of these

Q.15. Lime water reacts with chlorine to give

A bleaching powder
B baking powder
C baking soda
D washing soda

Q.16. The metal oxide which can react with acid as well as alkali is
A Silver oxide
B Copper (II) oxide
C Aluminum oxide

25 | P a g e
D Calcium oxide

Q.17. Dilute acid does not produce carbon dioxide on being treated with:
A Marble
B Lime
C Baking soda
D Limestone

Q.18. The oxides and hydroxides of _________ metal are amphoteric.

A Iron
B Sodium
C Aluminium
D Magnesium

Q.19. The gas evolved on reaction of aluminum with boiling concentrated caustic alkali
solution
A Hydrogen
B carbon
C nitrogen
D None of the above

Q.20. The process of formation of a solid substance by mixing the solution of substance
A Condensation
B Precipitation
C Sublimation
D Distillation

Answer :

1 D 6 C 11 D 16 C
2 B 7 A 12 C 17 B
3 A 8 D 13 A 18 C
4 B 9 D 14 C 19 A
5 A 10 D 15 C 20 B

26 | P a g e
 Analytical chemistry

Q.1. A solution of the compound which gives a dirty green precipitate with sodium
hydroxide.
A Ammonium sulphate,
B Lead carbonate,
C Ferrous sulphate
D Chlorine

Q.2. Which soln. becomes a deep/inky blue colour when excess of ammonium
hydroxide is added to it.
A Copper nitrate
B Iron [II] sulphate
C Iron [III] chloride
D Lead nitrate

Q.3. Which solution gives a white precipitate with excess ammonium hydroxide
solution.
A Copper nitrate
B Iron [II] sulphate
C Iron [III] chloride
D Lead nitrate

Q.4. The salt which in soln. gives a pale: green precipitate with NaOH solution and a
white ppt. with BaCl2 soln. is:
A Iron (III) sulphate
B Iron (II) sulphate
C Iron (II) chloride
D Iron (III) chloride

Q.5. Find the odd one with reason (note : valency is not a criterion) :
A Al(OH)3
B Pb(OH)2
C Mg(OH)2
D Zn(OH)2

Q.6. Hydroxide of this metal is soluble in NaOH

A Magnesium
B Lead
C Silver
D Copper

Q.7. The gas evolved on reaction of Aluminium with boiling concentrated caustic alkali
A Hydrogen gas
B Nitrogen gas
C Carbon dioxide gas
D Carbon monoxide gas

Q.8. The hydroxide which is soluble in excess of NaOH is …….

A Zn(OH)2
B Fe(OH)3

27 | P a g e
C Fe(OH)2
D Zn(OH)2

Q.9. The salt which will not react with NH4OH solution …….
A ZnCl2
B CuCl2
C NH4Cl
D FeCl2

Q.10. The substance/s which react/s with hot conc. NaOH soln. and undergoes a
neutralization reaction …….
A Al2O3
B Al
C Al(OH)3

Q.11. Identify the cation: Solution H forms white ppt with excess of NaOH solution:
A Cu2+
B Zn2+
C Pb2+
D Ca2+

Q.12. As evolves when Zn reacts with NaOH:

A O2
B H2
C Both A and B
D None of these

Q.13. Solution which do not forms ppt with CaCl2 solution:

A NaOH
B NH4OH
C Both A and B
D None of the above

Q.14. Identify the cation: Solution F gives dirty green ppt with NH4OH solution which
remains insoluble in excess of NH4OH
A Cu2+
B Fe2+
C Fe3+
D Both B and C.

Q.15. Which of the following is not an amphoteric oxide?

A PbO
B CaO
C Al2O3
D ZnO

Q.16. The process of formation of a solid substance by mixing the solution of

substances.
A Condensation
B Precipitation
C Sublimation
D Distillation

28 | P a g e
Q.17. Which of the following alkali metal hydroxides is the least soluble in water?
A CaOH
B KOH
C NaOH
D LiOH

Q.18. Colour of ferric salts

A Red
B Reddish- Brown
C Brown
D Orange

Q.19. A non-metal which evolves hydrogen when treated with hot and conc. Caustic
soda
A Silicon
B Nitrogen
C Carbon
D Fluorine

Q.20. Potassium permanganate is ____________ in colour

A Green
B Brown
C Purple
D Pink

Answer :

1 C 6 B 11 D 16 B
2 A 7 A 12 B 17 D
3 D 8 A 13 B 18 C
4 B 9 C 14 B 19 A
5 C 10 A 15 B 20 C

29 | P a g e
 Mole concept and Stoichiometry

Q.1. The empirical formula and molecular mass of a compound are CH2O and 180 g
respectively. What will be the molecular formula of the compound?
A C9H18O9
B CH2O
C C6 H12O6
D C2H4O2

Q.2. Naphthalene contains 93.75% C and the rest hydrogen. Molecular mass of
naphthalene is 128. Find its empirical formula
A C5H4
B C6H4
C C5H10
D C5H2

Q.3. The formula which gives the simple ratio of each kind of atoms present in the
molecule of
A compound is called
B Molecular Formula
C Empirical Formula
D Structural Formula

Q.4. The formula which expresses the actual number of each kind of atom present in
the molecule of
A a compound is called
B Empirical Formula
C Molecular Formula
D Structural Formula

Q.5. Relation between vapour density and molecular weight

A Molecular weight = 2/ vapour density
B Molecular weight = 2 x vapour density
C Molecular weight x 2 = Vapour density
D None of these

Q.6. An organic compound contains carbon , hydrogen and oxygen. Its elemental
analysis gave Carbon 38.7% and Hydrogen 9.67%
The empirical formula of the compound would be
A CH3O
B CH2O
C CHO
D CH4O

Q.7. What is the percentage of water in CuSO4. 5H2O

A 12
B 14
C 36
D 18

30 | P a g e
Q.8. Empirical formula of a Substance is CH2O. Molecular mass is 180 what is a
molecular formula
A C2H2O4
B C2H4O6
C C6H12O6
D C2H4O8

Q.9. The molecular formula of a gas with vapour density 15 and empirical formula CH3
is
A C2H6
B C3H8
C C4H10
D CH3

Q.10. A compound with Empirical formula AB2 has the vapour density equal to its
Empirical formula weight. Its molecular formula is
A A2B2
B A2B4
C A2B3
D A4B8

Q.11. A gas cylinder can hold 1 kg of hydrogen at room temperature and pressure.
Calculate the mass of carbon dioxide it can hold under similar conditions of
temperature and pressure.
A 22 kg
B 11 kg
C 33 kg
D 66 kg

Q.12. The number of atoms present in one molecule of an element is called its:
A Molecular number
B Atomic number
C Atomicity
D Avogadro’s number

Q.13. The vapour density of carbon dioxide [C = 12, O = 16] is :

A 12
B 44
C 16
D 22

Q.14. Find the empirical formula of a compound comprising 1.8% hydrogen, 56.1%
sulphur and 42.1% oxygen?
A H2SO2
B H2SO3
C H2S2O3
D H2SO4

Q.15. A compound is found to contain 23.3% magnesium, 30.7% sulphur and 46.0%
oxygen. What is the empirical formula of this compound?
A MgSO4
B MgSO2

31 | P a g e
C Mg2SO3
D MgSO3

Q.16. A compound contains 46.7% nitrogen and 53.3% oxygen. If the molecular mass of
the compound is 60, what is the molecular formula?
A N2O2
B NO
C NO2
D N2O3

Q.17. If the empirical formula of a compound is P2O3, what could be a possible

molecular mass of the compound?
A 55
B 165
C 275
D None of above

Q.18. Determine the empirical formula for a compound with 87.1% Ag and 12.9% S.
[Ag = 108, S = 32]
A AgS2
B Ag3S2
C Ag4S2
D Ag2S

Q.19. In glucose the simplest ratio between C,H, and O is:

A 1:2:1
B 2:2:3
C 3:1:3
D 2:1:2

Q.20. The formula weight of (NH4)3AsO4 is: [N = 14, H = 1, O = 16, As = 75]

A 145 amu
B 117 amu
C 193 amu
D 157 amu

Answer :

1 C 6 A 11 A 16 A
2 A 7 C 12 C 17 D
3 C 8 C 13 D 18 D
4 C 9 A 14 C 19 A
5 B 10 B 15 D 20 C

32 | P a g e
 Electrolysis

Q.1. Which electrolyte completely dissociates into ions?

A Alcohol
B Carbonic Acid
C Sucrose
D Sodium hydroxide

Q.2. Level of electrolyte in a cell should be ________ the level of plates

A Below
B Equal to
C Above
D None of the above

Q.3. Which of the following equations represents the reaction that takes place at the
cathode during the electrolysis of aqueous silver nitrate with carbon electrodes?
A Ag+ (aq) + e– → Ag (s)
B 2H+ (aq) + 2e– → H2(Q)
C 2N3- (aq) → N2(aq) + 6e–
D 4OH– (aq) → O2 (g) + 2H2O (I) + 4e–

Q.4. Electrolysis of the following electrolytes (using inert electrodes) give the same
product at the cathode except
A dilute sulphuric acid
B aqueous sodium chloride
C aqueous copper (II) sulphate
D concentrated potassium hydroxide

Q.5. The current flow through electrolyte is due to the movement of

A Ions
B Holes
C Electrons
D None of the above

Q.6. Which is a weak electrolyte amongst the four?

A Aqueous acetic acid
B Dilute Sulphuric Acid
C Sodium chloride solution
D Dilute Hydrochloride solution

Q.7. What are the particles present in strong electrolytes?

A Only Molecules
B Mainly Ions
C Ions and Molecules
D Only Atoms

Q.8. Element X is extracted by the electrolysis of a molten compound of elements X and

Y. The electrode reactions are as shown.
At the cathode: X2+ (I) + 2e– –> x (I) At the anode: 2Y2- (I) –> Y2 (g) + 4e–
A Aluminium oxide
B Calcium chloride

33 | P a g e
C Magnesium oxide
D Potassium chloride

Q.9. A solid deposit of element R is formed at the cathode when an aqueous solution
containing ions of R is electrolysed. Which statement about element R is correct?
A Element R is below hydrogen in the reactivity series.
B R gains electrons to form ions at the cathode.
C Element R forms negatively charged ions.
D Ions of R loses electrons at the cathode.

Q.10. Which statement best explains the generation of electrical energy in a simple cell?
A Free moving ions in the electrolyte.
B Free moving electrons in the electrolyte.
C Transfer of electrons from a more reactive metal to a less reactive metal.
D Transfer of electrons from a less reactive metal to a more reactive metal.

Q.11. The process where chemical decomposition of a chemical compound can be done
by passing electric current is called as _______.
A Hydrolysis
B Electrolysis
C Electrolyte
D None of these

Q.12. The process in which an atom loses electron is ____.

A Redox
B Reduction
C Oxidation
D None of these

Q.13. Name the technique in which non-spontaneous chemical reaction took place by
using direct electric current?
A Electrolysis
B Electrolyte
C Electrode
D Electric field

Q.14. Which of the following is correct about electrode?

A It is a form of carbon.
B It is a non-conductor
C It is an electric conductor
D None of them.

Q.15. Which substance has only molecules?

A Glucose
B Kerosene
C Both A and B
D None of them

Q.16. Which of the following has only ions?

A Molten NaCl
B KOH
C NaOH

34 | P a g e
D All of them

Q.17. Electrochemistry establishes a relation between electrical energy and ______.

A Physical change
B Chemical change
C Chemical energy
D None of these

Q.18. A reducing agent is one which reduces __________ substance.

A Itself
B Other
C Both
D None of these

Q.19. The compound which is either in aqueous form or molten and allows the large
movement of electricity is ___________.
A Strong electrolyte
B Non-electrolyte
C Weak electrolyte
D None of these

Q.20. Corrosion and rusting can be prevented by which method?

A Electrometallurgy
B Electrorefining
C Electroplating
D None of these

Answer :

1 D 6 A 11 B 16 D
2 C 7 B 12 C 17 B
3 A 8 C 13 A 18 B
4 C 9 A 14 C 19 A
5 A 10 C 15 C 20 C

35 | P a g e
 Metallurgy
1. Hematite is an ore of
A. Iron
B. Aluminum
C. Copper
D. Tin

2. Although metals form basic oxides, which of the following metals form an amphoteric
oxide?
A. Al
B. Ca
C. Na
D. Cu

3. Removal of impurities from ore is known as

A. Crushing and grinding
B. Concentration of ore
C. Calcinations
D. Roasting

4. The process of extraction of metal from its ores, is known as

A. Concentration
B. Calcination
C. Purification
D. Metallurgy

5. Which of the following process is used for the concentration of Bauxite AI2O3.2H2O
A. Forth floatation
B. Leaching
C. Liquation
D. Magnetic separation

6. Which of the following metals constitutes the alloys magnalium

A. Al, Cu
B. Al, Fe
C. Al, Mg
D. Al, Mn

7. German silver is an alloy of:

A. Copper
B. Magnesium
C. Lead
D. Iron

8. Bronze is an alloy of copper and:

A. Tin
B. Aluminum
C. Zinc
D. Lead

36 | P a g e
9. The chief ore of aluminum is
A. Bauxite
B. Cryolite
C. Alunite
D. Feldspar

10. Impurities in the ore + flux 🡪A. A is

A. Gangue
B. Slag
C. Impure metal
D. Pure Metal

11. Addition of cryolite in the molten state to alumina ______melting point of mixture
A. Lowers
B. Higher
C. No change

12. The impurity which separates out on addition of conc. solution of alkali to impure
bauxite is
A. PbO
B. Fe2O3
C. CuO
D. ZnO

13. During electrolytic reduction of alumina, Al3+ ions are discharged at cathode in
preference to
A. Na+
B. Zn2+
C. Fe2+
D. Ca2+

14. During electrolytic reduction of alumina, the inert electrode is ______ to a neutral
gas.
A. Reduced
B. Oxidised
C. None of these
D. Cant say

15. In the electrolysis of molten Alumina anode are made up of

A. Carbon
B. Silver
C. Platinum
D. Iron

16. In the electrolysis of molten Alumina ,product at cathode is

A. Hydrogen gas
B. Oxygen gas
C. Pure Sodium metal
D. Pure Aluminium metal

37 | P a g e
17. In the electrolysis of molten Alumina ,product at anode is
A. Hydrogen gas
B. Oxygen gas
C. Pure Sodium metal
D. Pure Aluminium metal

18. Conversion of Impure Aluminium to pure Aluminium metal is done by

electrorefining , called
A. Baeyer’s Process
B. Hall Heroult’s Process
C. Hoope’s Process
D. Haber’s Process

19. This is not an alloy of Copper

A. Brass
B. Bronze
C. Solder
D. Duralumin

20. The reason of using Aluminium in the alloy Duralumin is

A. Aluminium is brittle
B. Aluminium gives strength
C. Aluminium brings lightness
D. Aluminium lowers melting point

Answer Key
1 A 6 C 11 A 16 D
2 A 7 A 12 B 17 B
3 B 8 A 13 A, D 18 C
4 D 9 A 14 B 19 D
5 B 10 B 15 C 20 C

38 | P a g e
 Hydrochloride Acid

Q.1. Purification of hydrochloric gas is done by passing through

A Concentrated sulphuric acid
B Concentrated nitric acid
C Calcium oxide
D Phosphorus pentoxide

Q.2. Hydrogen chloride gas is collected by

A Downward displacement of air
B Upward displacement of air
C By both methods
D None of these

Q.3. Gas liberated when manganese dioxide react with hydrochloric acid
A Oxygen
B Hydrogen
C Chlorine
D Hydrogen chloride

Q.4. Hard crust which sticks to the glass vessel during the formation of hydrogen
chloride is
A Sodium bisulfate
B Sodium hydroxide
C Sodium sulphate
D Sodium borate

Q.5. In the lab preparation of hydrogen chloride gas it is passed through washer bottle
containing concentrated H2SO4 to
A Absorbs impurities
B Absorbs moisture
C Absorbs hydrogen chloride gas
D None of the above

Q.6. A glass rod dipped in Ammonia solution is brought near the mouth of the gas jar.
If the gas jar is full with HCl gas then ammonium chloride is formed which is
shown by
A Dense white fumes
B Dense red fumes
C Dense blue fumes
D Colorless fumes

Q.7. In the preparation of hydrogen chloride gas sodium chloride is preferred because
A It's cheap and easily available
B It's expensive
C It's highly reactive
D It's highly stable

Q.8. Hydrogen chloride gas is

A Heavier than air

39 | P a g e
B Lighter than air
C Heavier than water
D Same as air

Q.9. Fountain experiment is done to show

A Low solubility of HCL gas in water
B High solubility of HCL gas in water
C To show HCl is colourless gas
D To show its highly soluble in water and acidic nature

Q.10. The gas obtained by treating ferrous sulphide with hydrochloric acid.
A Sulphuric acid
B Hydrogen sulphide
C Hydrogen
D Chloride ion

Q.11. The gas obtained by treating ferrous sulphide with hydrochloric acid.
A Sulphuric acid
B Hydrogen sulphide
C Hydrogen
D Chloride ion

Q.12. A drying agent which is used to dry HCl

A Sulphuric acid
B Hydrogen sulphide
C Hydrogen
D Chloride ion

Q.13. Addition of ………… to dilute hydrochloric acid results in liberation of hydrogen

sulphide gas.
A iron (III) sulphide
B iron (II) sulphide
C iron pyrites
D None

Q.14. Hydrogen chloride gas on heating above 500°C gives hydrogen and chlorine. The
reaction is an example of …………
A thermal decomposition
B thermal dissociation

Q.15. Potassium sulphite on reacting with hydrochloric acid, releases __________ gas.
A SO2 gas
B Cl2
C H2S
D NO

Q.16. Quicklime is not used to dry HCl gas because _________.

A CaO is alkaline
B CaO is acidic
C CaO is neutral
D CaO is basic

40 | P a g e
Q.17. When sodium sulphide it is treated with HCl, gas liberated is
A Hydrogen gas
B Chlorine gas
C Sulphur gas
D Hydrogen sulfide gas

Q.18. When sodium carbonate reacts with HCl ,gas liberated is

A Oxygen gas
B Hydrogen gas
C Carbon dioxide gas
D Chlorine gas

Q.19. AQUA REGIA is

A Mixture of 3 parts of conc. HNO3 and 1 part of HCl
B Mixture of 1 part of conc. HNO3 and 3 parts of conc HCl
C Mixture of 2 part of HNO3 and 1 part of Conc HCl
D Mixture of 1part of HNO3 and 3 parts of conc HCl

Q.20. Acidic nature of HCl gas is due to the presence of

A Chloride ion
B Hydrogen ion
C Hydrogen molecule
D Chlorine molecule

Answers:
1 A 6 A 11 B 16 A
2 B 7 A 12 A 17 D
3 C 8 A 13 B 18 C
4 C 9 D 14 B 19 B
5 B 10 B 15 A 20 B

41 | P a g e
 Ammonia

Q.1. Ammonia burns with a ………… flame producing nitrogen and water vapour
A yellowish green
B blue
C white
D black

Q.2. ………….. on action with water gives ammonia

A nitrides
B nitrate
C nitrogen
D Hydrogen

Q.3. A substance which on action with water releases ammonia

A Calcium oxide
B Aluminium nitride
C nitrogen
D Hydrogen

Q.4. A substance which is used as drying agent for ammonia

A Sodium chlorides
B Calcium chlorides
C Hydrogen
D Calcium oxides

Q.5. Liquor ammonia forties is a saturated solution of

A Ammonium hydroxide
B Calcium oxide
C Aluminium nitride
D nitrogen

Q.6. Excess ammonia reacts with chlorine liberating the gas

A Nitrides
B Nitrate
C Nitrogen
D Hydrogen

Q.7. Molybdenum is used as a ………..during preparation of ammonia

A catalyst
B promoter
C methane
D Acids

Q.8. Presence of impurities …………. the efficiency of a catalyst

A reduces
B increases
C same
D None of these

42 | P a g e
Q.9. Name the ammonium salt which on heating sublimates
A Ammonium nitrate
B Ammonium sulphate
C Ammonium chloride
D Ammonium hydroxide

Q.10. Sal ammoniac has the chemical formula

A (NH4)2SO4
B (NH4)2CO3
C NH4OH
D NH4Cl

Q.11. Ammonia reacts with drying agent phosphorus pentoxide to form

A Ammonium sulphate
B Ammonium phosphate
C Sodium ammonium phosphate
D None of these

Q.12. A saturated solution of ammonia in water having a specific gravity of 0.88 is

called as
A Liquid ammonia
B Liquor ammonia
C Liquor ammonia fortis
D Liquid ammonia fortis

Q.13. Nitrogen used in Haber’s process is obtained from

A Fractional distillation of air
B Bacterial decomposition of nitrogen
C Decomposition of nitrates
D Decomposition of nitrides

Q.14. A compound which burns with a yellowish flame producing nitrogen and water
vapours is
A Nitrogen
B Chlorine
C Ammonium nitrate
D Ammonia

Q.15. Catalytic oxidation of ammonia is carried out at a temperature of

A 800⁰C
B 600⁰C
C 900⁰C
D 1200⁰C

Q.16. The catalyst used in the Haber’s process is

A copper
B iron
C vanadium pentoxide
D Manganese dioxide

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Q.17. Lead hydroxide precipitate are in water
A Soluble
B Insoluble
C partially soluble
D partially insoluble

Q.18. Nitrogen gas can be obtained by heating

A ammonium nitrate
B ammonium nitrite
C ammonium nitride
D ammonium chloride

Q.19. Ammonia can be obtained by adding water to

A ammonium nitrate
B ammonium nitrite
C Magnesium nitride
D ammonium chloride

Q.20. Ammonia gas is collected by downward displacement of

A Air
B Water
C Hydrogen
D Hydrogen sulfide

Answers:

1 A 6 C 11 B 16 B
2 A 7 B 12 C 17 B
3 B 8 A 13 A 18 B
4 D 9 C 14 D 19 C
5 A 10 D 15 A 20 A

44 | P a g e
 Nitric Acid

Q.1. Sodium nitrate reacts with___________sulphuric acid to produce nitric acid.

A concentrated
B dilute
C Both A & B
D None of the above

Q.2. What is the property of nitric acid which allows it to react with copper ?
A oxidising agent
B Reducing agent
C Both A & B
D None of the above

Q.3. Identify the gas evolved when a few crystals of KNO3 are heated in a hard glass
test tube.
A Nitrogen gas
B Hydrogen gas
C Carbon dioxide gas
D Oxygen gas

Q.4. State the salt which on heating, evolves a brown coloured gas.
A PbCO3
B ZnCO3
C Ca(NO3)2
D KNO3

Q.5. Concentrated nitric acid oxidises phosphorus to :

A P2O3
B H3PO2
C H3PO4
D H4P2O7

Q.6. The catalyst used in the manufacture of HNO3 by Ostwald process is

A Platinum black
B Finely dividend nickel
C Vanadium pentoxide
D Platinum gauze

Q.7. Name a solution which gives nitrogen dioxide with copper.

A Concentrated nitric acid
B nitric acid
C Nitrogen
D Hydrogen

Q.8. A compound which releases a reddish brown gas on reaction with concentrated
sulphuric acid and copper turnings.
A Copper nitrate
B Ammonium sulphate
C Lead carbonate

45 | P a g e
D Ferrous sulphate

Q.9. The compound which is responsible for the brown ring in the brown ring test for
identify the nitrate ion.
A Iron (III) chloride
B Chromium sulphate
C Sodium chloride
D Nitroso Iron (II) sulphate

Q.10. A catalyst used in the manufacture of nitric acid by Ostwald's process.

A bronze
B platinum
C brass
D barium chloride

Q.11. Cold, dil. nitric acid reacts with copper to form ________.
A Hydrogen
B nitrogen dioxide
C nitric oxide
D nitric acid

Q.12. Hot, concentrated nitric acid reacts with sulphur to form _____ .
A sulphur dioxide
B nitrogen dioxide
C nitric oxide
D sulphuric acid

Q.13. The gaseous product produced when dilute nitric acid reacts with magnesium.
A Nitrogen dioxide
B Carbon dioxide
C Hydrogen
D Hydrogen chloride

Q.14. The gas produced by the action of conc. nitric acid on copper.
A nitrogen dioxide
B Sulphur
C Hydrogen
D Silver chloride

Q.15. A non-metal which reacts with concentrated nitric acid to form its own acid as
one of the product.
A Sulphur
B Hydrogen chloride
C Silver chloride
D Graphite

Q.16. The brown ring test is used for the detection of

A CO2−3
B NO− 3
C SO2−3
D Cl−

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Q.17. A metal which react with very dilute nitric acid evolving hydrogen
A Au
B Mg
C Zn
D Li

Q.18. The molecular weight of nitric acid

A 53 a.m.u
B 63 a.m.u
C 60 a.m.u
D 50 a.m.u

Q.19. A gas dissolves in water to form the acid is known as

A Acid anhydride
B Acid Reflux
C Acidified water
D Acid Ketone

Q.20. Nitric acid turns orange coloured methyl orange

A Red
B Pink
C Orange
D Blue

Answers :
1 A 6 D 11 C 16 B
2 A 7 A 12 D 17 B
3 D 8 A 13 C 18 B
4 C 9 D 14 A 19 A
5 C 10 B 15 A 20 B

47 | P a g e
 Sulphuric Acid

1. The gas evolved when dilute sulphuric acid reacts with iron sulphide
A. Hydrogen sulphide
B. Sulphur dioxide
C. Sulphur trioxide
D. Vapours of sulphuric acid

2. The catalyst used in the contact process is

A. Copper
B. Iron
C. Vanadium pentoxide
D. Manganese dioxide

3. Sulphuric acid is a
A. Dibasic acid
B. Tribasic acid
C. Tetrabasic acid
D. Monobaic Acid

4. Dilute sulphuric acid will produce a white precipitate when added to a solution of
A. Copper nitrate
B. Zinc nitrate
C. Lead nitrate
D. Sodium nitrate

5. Sulphuric acid is also known as

A. Aqua Fortis
B. Aqua regia
C. Oil of vitriol
D. None of the above

6. Which of the following is a non-volatile acid?

A. Hydrochloric acid
B. Nitric acid
C. Carbonic acid
D. Sulphuric acid

7. Why concentrated sulphuric acid is kept in airtight bottles?

A. Because it decomposes when exposed to air
B. Because it fumes in air
C. Because it is a hygroscopic liquid
D. Because it has a pungent smell

8. Catalyst used for conversion of sulphur dioxide to sulphur trioxide is:

A. Molybdenum
B. Iron
C. Platinum
D. Quartz

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 9. When oleum is diluted with water:
A. oleic acid is formed
B. it becomes thin and watery
C. sulphuric acid is formed.
D. it dissociates into simpler substance

10. The chemical name of oleum is:

A. Ortho sulphuric acid
B. Double sulphuric acid
C. Pyrosulphuric acid
D. Trisulphuric acid.

11. Corrosive action of H₂SO4 on skin is due to its :

A. Dehydrating character
B. Volatile nature
C. Exothermic nature
D. Oily nature

12. Conc. Sulphuric acid oxidises hydrogen sulphide to:

A. Sulphur dioxide
B. Sulphur
C. Sulphites
D. Sulphates

13. Which of the following chemical substance can be used for testing sulphuric acid ?
A. Barium sulphate
B. Sodium sulphate
C. Aluminium sulphate
D. Barium chloride.

14. Which of the following reaction shows the oxidising nature of sulphuric acid?
A. S + 2H₂SO4 → 3SO₂ + 2H₂O
B. NaCl + H₂SO4 → NaHSO4 + HCI
C. CuO + H₂SO4 → CuSO4 + H₂O
D. Na₂CO3 + H₂SO4 → Na2SO4 + H₂O + CO₂

15. Zinc granules on treating with an acid X, form the zinc sulphate salt along with the
evolution of a gas Y which burns with a pop sound when brought near to a burning
candle. Identify the acid X and gas evolved Y.
A. X- Sulphuric acid and Y- Oxygen gas
B. X- Hydrochloric acid and Y- Oxygen gas
C. X- Sulphuric acid and Y- Hydrogen gas
D. X- Hydrochloric acid and Y- Hydrogen gas

16. In the following reaction, identify the salt formed

NH4OH (aq) + H2SO4 (aq) → _____ + 2H2O (l)
A. NH4NO3
B. (NH4)2SO4
C. (NH4)3PO4
D. (NH4)2S

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17. The pH value of concentrated sulphuric acid could be expected between_______
A. 6 and 5
B. 7 and 6
C. 1 and 0
D. 4 and 3

18. Which of the following is not a property of sulphuric acid?

A. It acts as a strong dehydrating agent
B. It is a Lewis acid
C. It cannot char carbohydrates
D. It is dense and oily

19. Iron Pyrites burns with oxygen to give Ferric oxide and
A. Sulphur
B. Sulphur dioxide
C. Sulphur trioxide
D. Hydrogen

20. The non-metal used in the preparation of sulphuric acid using nitric acid
A. Hydrogen
B. Silicon
C. Sulphur
D. Oxygen

Answers :

1 A 11 A
2 C 12 B
3 A 13 D
4 C 14 A
5 C 15 C
6 D 16 B
7 C 17 C
8 C 18 C
9 C 19 B
10 C 20 C

50 | P a g e
 Organic Chemistry

1. Self-linking ability of carbon is known as

A. Catenation
B. Sublimation
C. Hydrogenation
D. Carbonation

2. Almost 95% compounds are made up of carbon because it can form

A. Single bonds
B. Double bonds
C. Triple bonds
D. Multiple bonds

3. As compared to parent alkane, an alkyl radical contains

A. One less carbon
B. One less hydrogen
C. One more carbon
D. One more hydrogen

4. Formic acid is known as

A. Methanoic acid
B. Ethanoic acid
C. Carboxylic acid
D. Acetone

5. Main constituent of Natural gas

A. Ethane
B. Butane
C. Methane
D. Pentane

6. Which term is used for a formula that establishes abbreviation for various groups of
chain?
A. Molecular formula
B. Structural formula
C. Condensed formula
D. None of these

7.What is the general formula of alkanes?

A. CnH2n+2
B. CnH2n
C. CnH2n−2
D. None of these

8. Alcohols are formed by the attachment of

A. OH group to hydrocarbon chain
B. HX group to hydrocarbon chain
C. O to hydrocarbon chain
D. H to hydrocarbon chain

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9. With the increasing of number of carbon atoms, number of possible isomers
A. Increases
B. Decreases
C. Remains same
D. Becomes zero

10. Which of the following will undergo addition reactions

A. CH4
B. C3H8
C. C2H6
D. C2H4

11. When one hydrogen atom of an alkane is substituted by one halogen atom it will be
A. Haloalkanes
B. Halogens
C. Alcohols
D. Ethers

12. Alkanes are

A. Saturated Hydrocarbon
B. Unsaturated Hydrocarbon
C. Super saturated Hydrocarbon
D. None of these

13. Methanoic acid is an example of which functional group?

A. Aldehyde
B. Ketones
C. Carboxylic Acid
D. Ethers

14. Unsaturated hydrocarbon includes

A. Alkane and alkene
B. Alkene and alkyne
C. Alkane and alkyne
D. Alkane, alkene and alkyne

15. Identify A in the following reaction

CH3COONa + Na2CO3 🡪A + CO2 +H2O
A. CH3COONa
B. CH2(Na)COOH
C. NAOH
D. CH4

16. C3H8 belongs to the homologous series of

A. Alkynes
B. Alkenes
C. Alkanes
D. Cyclo alkanes

17. The number of covalent bonds in C5H12 is

A. 15
B. 16

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 C. 17
D. 18

18. Which of the following does not conduct electricity

A. CH3COOH
B. C3H7OH
C. HCOOH
D. NaCl(aq)

19. Ethane and ethene are distinguished by using

A. Bromine water
B. Chlorine water
C. Iodine solution
D. Hydrogen chloride gas

20. Two adjacent members of homologous series differ by _____ amu.

A. 18
B. 14
C. 12
D. 16

21. Molecular formula of iso butane is

A. C3H8
B. C4H10
C. C3H7
D. C4H9

22. Ethyne is a
A. Saturated Hydrocarbon
B. Unsaturated Hydrocarbon
C. Aromatic Hydrocarbon
D. Cyclic Hydrocarbon

23. IUPAC name of Acetylene is

A. Ethane
B. Ethyne
C. Ethene
D. Ethyl

24. An Aldehyde contains _____ functional group

A. -CHO
B. -OH
C. -NH2
D. -COOH

25. Organic compounds have ---- melting and boiling point

A. Low
B. High
C. Constant
D. Cant say

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26. Which one of the following is a saturated Hydrocarbon.
A. Acetylene
B. Propene
C. Ethane
D. Ethene

27. Which alkane is known as Marsh Gas?

A. Methane
B. Propane
C. Butane
D. Ethane

28. What is the chemical formula of Ethylene?

A. C2H4
B. CH3
C. C3H2
D. CH2

29. An unsaturated hydrocarbon having a triple covalent bond having 50 hydrogen

atoms in its molecules the number of carbon atoms present is?
A. 24 carbon atom
B. 25 carbon atom
C. 26 carbon atom
D. 27 carbon atom

30. Give the full form of IUPAC.

A. IUPAC – International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry.
B. IUPAC – International Union of Pure and All Chemistry.
C. IUPAC – International Union of People and Applied Chemistry.
D. IUPAC – International Union of People and Authorized Chemistry

31. Vinegar is the commercial name of

A. Benzoic Acid
B. Benzene
C. Phenol
D. Ethanoic Acid

32. Dehydration of alcohol gives

A. Ethane
B. Ethyne
C. Ethene
D. Ethanoic acid

33. Isomerism shown by pent-1-yne and 3-methyl but-1-yne is

A. Chain isomerism
B. Position isomerism
C. Functional isomerism
D. Stereo isomerism

34. Chlorine on reacting with chlorine under diffused sunlight gives _____ as the final
product
A. Chloroethane

54 | P a g e
 B. Hydrogen chloride
C. Carbon tetra chloride
D. None of these

35. If the molecular formula of a hydrocarbon is C12H22 what is the formula of next
homologous
A. C14H24
B. C14 H28
C. C13 H24
D. C13H22

36. IUPAC name of is CH3CHO

A. Acetaldehyde
B. Methyl aldehyde
C. Ethanol
D. Ethanal

37. The first member of the alkyne homologous series is

A. propyne
B. ethyne
C. methane
D. ethene

38. Which of the following compounds is not an alkane?

A. C2H6
B. C4H8
C. C7H16
D. C10H22

39.Which statement is not a characteristic of a homologous series?

A. Same physical properties
B. Same functional group
C. Members differ from one another by CH2
D. Same Reactions

40. Which of the following compounds is named correctly according to the IUPAC
system of nomenclature?
A. 1,1-chloro-2-bromoethane
B. 1,1-dichloro-2-bromoethane
C. 2-bromo-1-dichloroethane
D. 2-bromo -1,1-dichloroethane

41. For which hydrocarbon is the empirical formula the same as the molecular
formula?
A. Ethane
B. Butene
C. Pentane
D. Hexane

42. Which of the following is the formula of Butanoic acid?

A. CH3CH2CH2COOH
B. COOH-CH2-CH2-CH3

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 C. CH2-CH2-CH3
1
COOH
D. CH2-CH2-CH2-COOH

43. Which of the following will undergo addition reactions?

A. CH4
B. C3H8
C. C2H6
D. C2H4

44. A saturated hydrocarbon has four carbon atoms. Give its molecular formula if it is
an alkene.
A. C4H10
B. C4H8
C. C4H6
D. C4H4

45. Catalyst used in catalytic hydrogenation of Alkynes is

A. Platinum
B. Nickel
C. Iron
D. Vanadium Penta oxide

46. Soda lime is

A. Sodium Hydroxide
B. Calcium Oxide
C. Calcium oxide + Sodium Hydroxide
D. Potassium Hydroxide + Calcium Oxide

47. Number of isomers of propane are

A. One
B. Two
C. None
D. Three

48. Incomplete combustion of ethane gives ____ as product

A. Methane
B. Carbon dioxide
C. Carbon
D. Carbon monoxide

49. Calcium carbide reacts with cold water to produce

A. Ethylene
B. Acetylene
C. Ethene
D. Ethane

50. Ethanol on heating in the presence of Aluminium oxide at temperature 350oC

produces
A. Ethane
B. Butane

56 | P a g e
 C. Ethene
D. Ethyne

Answer Key
1 A 11 A 21 B 31 D 41 C
2 D 12 A 22 B 32 C 42 A
3 B 13 C 23 B 33 B 43 D
4 A 14 B 24 A 34 C 44 A
5 C 15 D 25 A 35 C 45 B
6 C 16 C 26 C 36 D 46 C
7 A 17 B 27 A 37 B 47 D
8 A 18 B 28 A 38 B 48 D
9 A 19 A 29 C 39 D 49 B
10 D 20 B 30 A 40 D 50 C

57 | P a g e
 Practical Chemistry

1. When crystals of lead nitrate are heated strongly in a dry test tube
A. Crystals immediately melt
B. A brown residue is left
C. White fumes appear in the tube
D. A yellow residue is left

2. Name the anion present in Compound A when warmed with concentrated sulphuric
acid gives a gas which fumes in moist air and which gives dense white fumes with
ammonia.
A. SO42-
B. Cl-
C. SO3-
D. NO3-

3. Name the anion present in Compound B, When barium chloride solution is added to
a solution of compound B, a white precipitate insoluble in dilute hydrochloric acid is
formed.
A. SO42-
B. Cl-
C. SO3-
D. NO3-

4. Name the anion present in Compound C when warmed with dilute sulphuric acid
gives a gas which turns acidified dichromate solution green.
A. SO32-
B. Cl-
C. SO3-
D. NO3-

5. What will happen to a piece of moist blue litmus paper is placed in a jar of chlorine.
A. Remains unchanged
B. Changes to black colour
C. Changes to red colour
D. Changes to yellow colour

6. What will happen when A burning splint is plunged in a jar containing carbon
dioxide.
A. It will burn explosively
B. It will extinguished
C. No effect
D. Burn with pale blue flame

7. Name the anion present when dilute hydrochloric acid is added to a solution of
compound produces a gas which turns lead acetate paper black.
A. S2-
B. Cl-
C. SO3-
D. NO3-

58 | P a g e
8. When Nitric oxide reacts with oxygen.
A. A neutral gas is evolved
B. Colourless acidic gas evolved
C. Reddish brown acidic gas evolved
D. Reddish brown neutral gas evolved

9. The gas evolved on reaction of Aluminium with boiling conc. Caustic alkali solution is
A. Oxygen
B. Hydrogen
C. Carbon dioxide
D. Water vapours

10. Identify the substance-- Cation that does not form a precipitate with ammonium
hydroxide but forms one with sodium hydroxide.
A. Fe2+
B. Fe3+
C. Cu2+
D. Ca2+

11. Select the gas that has a characteristic rotten egg smell
A. Ammonia
B. Ethane
C. hydrogen chloride
D. hydrogen sulphide

12. When a freshly prepared solution of ferrous sulphate is added to a solution of

Compound and concentrated sulphuric acid is gently poured from the side of the
test tube, a brown ring is formed, indicates the presence of
A. SO42-
B. Cl-
C. SO3-
D. NO3-

13. When silver nitrate solution is added to a solution of A, a white precipitate,

insoluble in dilute nitric acid, is formed. Name ions are present
A. SO42-
B. Cl-
C. SO3-
D. NO3-

14.Golden yellow colour on flame test shows the presence of

A. Ca2+
B. Mg2+
C. Na+
D. Al3+

15. A suffocating gas which turns lime water milky and highly soluble in water.
A. Sulphur dioxide gas.
B. Carbon dioxide
C. Ammonia
D. Chlorine

59 | P a g e
16. The gas which burns with a blue flame and pop sound
A. O2
B. H2
C. CH4
D. H2S

17. The gas which rekindles a glowing splinter

A. O2
B. H2
C. CH4
D. H2S

18. This gas turns lime water milky

A. H2S
B. O2
C. NO2
D. CO2

19. Greenish yellow gas which turns starch iodine paper black
A. Br2
B. Cl2
C. CH4
D. NO2

20. A gas which gives dense white fumes with rod dipped in HCl
A. H2S
B. H2
C. CH4
D. NH3

Answer key

1 D 11 D
2 B 12 D
3 A 13 B
4 A 14 C
5 C 15 A
6 B 16 B
7 A 17 A
8 C 18 D
9 B 19 B
10 D 20 D

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