Unit 1: Solid State –

Classification of solids based on different binding forces

(Molecular, ionic, covalent and metallic solids)
• Questions based on Metallic solids are expected this year
Unit cell in two dimensional and three dimensional lattices
• Calculation of number of atoms per unit cell is expected
Calculation of density of unit cell
• Numerical problems are expected
Packing in solids
• Questions based on packing efficiency, calculation of radius etc. are also expected
Electrical and magnetic properties
Band theory of Metals, Conductors, Semiconductors and Insulators and n & p type
semiconductors
• Question based on electron sea model are expected

Unit 2: Solutions –
Types of solutions
• One mark question based on types of solutions are expected e.g., Alloy is an example of solid in solid
solution
Henry’s law – Questions related to Henry’s law are frequently asked in CBSE Class 12
Chemistry board exam
Solubility of gases in liquids
• How it changes with changes in temperature etc.
Colligative properties
Raoult's law (Important)
Relative lowering of vapour pressure (Numerical problems are expected)
Depression of freezing point (Theoretical questions on applications & numerical problems are
expected)
Elevation of boiling point (Numerical problems are expected)
Osmotic pressure
Determination of molecular masses using colligative properties (Numerical problems are
expected)
Abnormal molecular mass
Van't Hoff factor
• When it is less than 1 and when it is greater than 1
 CBSE Class 12 Chemistry Solved Question Paper: 2017
Unit 3: Electrochemistry -
Redox reactions (prepare definition with examples, corrosion is an example of redox reaction)
Conductance in electrolytic solutions (One marks questions are expected)
Specific and molar conductivity (Numerical problems are expected, theoretical questions
related to SI units are also expected)
Variations of conductivity with concentration (Theoretical question can be asked)
Kohlrausch's Law (Numerical problems are expected)
Electrolysis and law of electrolysis (Faradays’ laws are also important)
Dry cell-electrolytic cells and Galvanic cells (Theoretical question can be asked)
Lead accumulator (Theoretical question can be asked)
EMF of a cell (Numerical problems are expected)
Standard electrode potential (Very important)
Nernst equation and its application to chemical cells
Relation between Gibbs energy change and emf of a cell
Fuel cells (Theoretical questions are expected)
Corrosion (One should remember chemical equations)

Unit 4: Chemical Kinetics -

Rate of a reaction (Average and instantaneous)
Factors affecting rate of reaction: concentration, temperature, catalyst
• Conceptual questions are expected
Order and molecularity of a reaction (Very important)
Rate law and specific rate constant (Very important)
Integrated rate equations and half life (only for zero and first order reactions)
Concept of collision theory (elementary idea, no mathematical treatment)
Activation energy (Very important, effect of temperature)
Arrhenious equation (Very important)

Unit 5: Surface Chemistry -

Adsorption - physisorption and chemisorption (Very important)
Factors affecting adsorption of gases on solids
• Conceptual questions are expected
Catalysis
Homogenous and heterogeneous activity and selectivity
Enzyme catalysis colloidal state distinction between true solutions
Colloids and suspension
Lyophilic, lyophobic multi-molecular and macromolecular colloids (Very important)
Properties of colloids
Tyndall effect (Very important)
Brownian movement (Very important)
Electrophoresis
Coagulation
Emulsion - types of emulsions

Unit 6: General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Elements -

Principles and methods of extraction - concentration, oxidation, reduction (Very important)
Electrolytic method and refining
Occurrence and principles of extraction of aluminium, copper, zinc & iron

Unit 7: p Block Elements -

Group 15 Elements:
Electronic configuration, occurrence, oxidation states, trends in physical and chemical
properties
• Conceptual questions are expected
Nitrogen, preparation properties & uses
• Conceptual questions are expected
Compounds of Nitrogen
• Preparation and properties of Ammonia and Nitric acid,
Oxides of Nitrogen (Structure only) - Important
Phosphorus – (Very important)
Allotropic forms
Compounds of Phosphorus
Preparation and properties of Phosphine, Halides and Oxoacids (elementary idea only)
Group 16 Elements:
Electronic configuration, oxidation states, occurrence, trends in physical and chemical
properties
• Conceptual questions are expected
Dioxygen: Preparation, Properties& uses (Very important)
 Classification of oxides
Ozone (Very important)
Sulphure -allotropic forms
Compounds of sulphure: Preparation properties and uses of sulphur-dioxide
Sulphuric acid: industrial process of manufacture, properties and uses (Very important)
Oxoacids of Sulphur (Structures only)
Group 17 Elements:
Electronic configuration, oxidation states, occurrence, trends in physical and chemical
properties
Compounds of halogens
Preparation properties and uses of chlorine and hydrochloric acid (Very important)
Interhalogen compounds
Oxoacids of halogens
Group 18 Elements:
Electronic configuration, occurrence, trends in physical and chemical properties & uses

CBSE Class 12 Chemistry Solved Question Paper: 2016

Unit 8: d and f Block Elements -
Electronic configuration, occurrence and characteristics of transition metals
General trends in properties of the first row transition metals –
• metallic character
• ionization enthalpy (very important)
• oxidation states (very important)
• ionic radii
• colour
• catalytic property
• magnetic properties
• interstitial compounds (very important)
• alloy formation
Preparation and properties of K2Cr2O7and KMnO4
Lanthanoids -
• Electronic configuration
o Oxidation states
o Chemical reactivity and lanthanoid contraction and its consequences
Actinoids -
• Electronic configuration, oxidation states and comparison with lanthanoids

Unit 9: Coordination Compounds -

Ligands
Coordination number, colour, magnetic properties and shapes ( very important)
IUPAC nomenclature of mononuclear coordination compounds
 Bonding,
Werner's theory
VBT (very important)
CFT (very important)
Structure and stereo isomerism (very important)

Unit 10: Haloalkanes and Haloarenes -

Haloalkanes:
• Nomenclature
o Nature of C-X bond
o Physical and chemical properties
o Mechanism of substitution reactions
o Optical rotation
Haloarenes:
• Nature of C -X bond,
o Substitution reactions (Directive influence of halogen in monosubstituted compounds only.
o Uses and environmental effects of -
o Dichloromethane
o Trichloromethane
o Tetrachloromethane
o Iodoform
o Freons
o DDT

Unit 11: Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers -

Alcohols:
Nomenclature
Methods of preparation
Physical and chemical properties (primary alcohols only)
Identification of primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols (very important)
Mechanism of dehydration, uses with special reference to methanol and ethanol
Phenols:
• Nomenclature
• Methods of preparation
• Physical and chemical properties
• Acidic nature of phenol
• Electrophilic substitution reactions
• Uses of phenols
Ethers:
• Nomenclature
• Methods of preparation
• Physical and chemical properties
• Uses

Unit 13: Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids

Aldehydes and Ketones:
• Nomenclature,
• Nature of carbonyl group,
• Methods of preparation,
• Physical and chemical properties,
• Mechanism of Nucleophilic addition (very important)
• Reactivity of alpha hydrogen in Aldehydes: Uses
Carboxylic Acids:
• Nomenclature
• Acidic nature
• Methods of preparation (very important)
• Physical and chemical properties (very important)
• Uses

Unit 14: Organic compounds containing Nitrogen

Amines:
• Nomenclature
• Classification
• Structure
• Methods of preparation (most important)
• Physical and chemical properties
• Uses
• Identification of primary, secondary and tertiary amines (very important)
Cyanides and Isocyanides
Diazonium salts:
• Preparation
o Chemical reactions and importance in synthetic organic chemistry (very important)

Unit 14: Biomolecules

Carbohydrates -
• Classification (aldoses and ketoses)
o Monosaccahrides (glucose and fructose)
o D-L configuration oligosaccharides (sucrose, lactose, maltose)
o Polysaccharides (starch, cellulose, glycogen)
o Importance of carbohydrates
Proteins -
• Elementary idea of - amino acids, peptide bond, polypeptides, proteins,
o Structure of proteins - primary, secondary, tertiary structure and quaternary structures (qualitative
idea only) - very important
o Denaturation of proteins
o Enzymes
o Hormones - Elementary idea excluding structure
o Vitamins - Classification and functions
o Nucleic Acids: DNA and RNA
Classification of polymers –
• Natural and synthetic
o Methods of polymerization (addition and condensation)
o Copolymerization (very important)
o Some important polymers:
o Natural and synthetic like polythene,
o Nylon polyesters
o Bakelite (very important)
o Rubber
o Biodegradable and non-biodegradable polymers

Unit 15: Chemistry in Everyday Life

Chemicals in medicines –
• Analgesics
o Tranquilizers antiseptics
o Disinfectants
o Antimicrobials
o Antifertility drugs
o Antibiotics (very important)l
o Antacids (very important)
o Antihistamines
Chemicals in food -
• Preservations
o Artificial sweetening agents (very important)
o Elementary idea of antioxidants
Cleansing agents -
• Soaps and detergents (very important)
o Cleansing action (very important