Ch3 Coordinate Geometry of Straight Lines (I) Set 1 Q

In each of the following, find the distance between the two given points.
(a) A(−8, − 2) and B(−4, 0)
(b) P(2a, − 5a) and Q(7a, 7a)
(Leave your answers in surd form if necessary.)

It is given that P(0, 2), Q(2, 8) and R(8, 6) are the vertices of PQR.
(a) Is PQR an isosceles triangles? Explain your answer.
(b) Is PQR a right-angled triangle? Explain your answer.
(c) Find ∠PQR.

1
The figure shows a quadrilateral ABCD on a rectangular coordinate plane.

(a) Show that ABC and ADC are right-angled triangles.

(b) Are the perimeters of ABC and ADC equal? Explain your answer.
(c) Are the areas of ABC and ADC equal? Explain your answer.

In each of the following, find the slope of the straight line passing through the two given points on the
rectangular coordinate plane.
(a) P(−2, 5) and Q(6, 8)
(b) R(5, 0) and S (0, − 6)

2
In each of the following, find the slope of the straight line passing through the two given points on the
rectangular coordinate plane.
(a) T (1, − 2) and U (5, − 4)
(b) V (−2, − 1) and W (−6, 3)

In the figure, R(−4, − 1) , S (−3, − 4) and T (5, 5) are three points on the same rectangular coordinate
plane.

(a) Find the slopes of RT and ST.

(b) Which line, RT or ST, has a greater slope?
(c) Which line, RT or ST, is steeper?

3
Given that the slope of the straight line passing through R(6, − 3) and S (b, 4) is −1, find the value of b.

Prove that the three points P(5, − 4) , Q(−3, 8) and R(1, 2) on the rectangular coordinate plane are
collinear.

Given that A(6, − 4) , B(−2, 6) and C (1, d ) are three points on a straight line. Find the value of d.

4
Find the slope of L in the figure correct to 3 significant figures.

2
In the figure, the slope of L is . Find α correct to 3 significant figures.
3

A straight line L passes through A(2, − 1) and B(−6, − 8) . Find the inclination of L correct to 3 significant
figures.

Given two points A(7, 2) and B(5, 5) . C is a point on the y-axis such that CB // OA. Find the coordinates
of C.

5
 ⎛ 17 ⎞
In the figure, P(−4, 3) , Q(−2, − 4) , R⎜ k , − ⎟ and S (1, 2) are four points on a rectangular coordinate
⎝ 2⎠
plane, where PQ // RS.

(a) Find the value of k.

(b) Is PQRS a parallelogram? Give your reason.

Given four points P(−1, t ) , Q(4, − 3) , R(0, 1) and S (2t , − 3) . If PQ ⊥ RS, find t.

6
 3
In the figure, A lies on the y-axis and ∠ABC = 90° . The slope of AB is .
2

(a) Find the coordinates of A.

(b) Find the value of y.

7
In the figure, A(−2, 7) , B(3, 2) and C (9, 5) are three points on the same rectangular coordinate plane.

(a) Find the slopes of AB and BC.

(b) Which line, AB or BC, has a greater slope?
(c) Which line, AB or BC, is steeper?

1 3
In the figure, B(8, 0) is a vertex of OAB. Slope of OA = and slope of AB = − .
2 2

(a) Find the coordinates of A.

(b) Hence find the area of OAB.

8
In the figure, the inclination of the straight line DE is 45°.

(a) Express m in terms of n.

(b) If the area of DEO is 18 sq. units, find the values of m and n.

Given four points A(−6, − 5) , B (4, b) , D(5, 5) and E (3, 7) . The straight line AE cuts the y-axis at C and
CD // AB.

(a) Find the coordinates of C.

(b) Find the value of b.
(c) Prove that BC // DE.

9
In the figure, A and B are two points on the x-axis and y-axis respectively. P(6, 3) is a point on AB such that
OP ⊥ AB.

(a) Find the coordinates of A and B.

(b) Hence find the area of OAB.

10
Ch3 Coordinate Geometry of Straight Lines (I) Set 2 Q

The figure shows a hexagon ABCDEF. Write down the coordinates of all the vertices of the hexagon.

Find the distance between

(a) A(–4, 3) and B(5, 3),
(b) P(–1, –1) and Q(–1, –7).

In the figure, A(2, 4) and C(6, 1) are two vertices of rectangle ABCD. AB is parallel to the y-axis and BC is
parallel to the x-axis.

(a) Write down the coordinates of B and D.

(b) Find the distance AB and BC.

1
In the figure, A(–2, 3), O(0, 0) and B(4, 0) are three vertices of parallelogram AOBC.

(a) Find the coordinates of C.

(b) Find the area of parallelogram AOBC.

2
Find the areas of the following figures.

(a) (b)

3
In the figure, AB is parallel to the y-axis and AC is parallel to the x-axis.

(a) Write down the coordinates of A.

(b) Find AB and AC.
(c) Find the length of BC by using the Pythagoras’ theorem.

In the figure, A(a – 7, a – 1), B(6, 4) and C(6, 2 – 3c) are the vertices of ABC. AB is parallel to the x-axis.

(a) Find the value of a and the length of line segment AB.
(b) If BC = 6 units, find the value of c.
(c) Find the length of AC by using the Pythagoras’ theorem.

4
Determine whether each of the following triangles is a right-angled triangle. If it is, state the right angle.
(a) (b)

In the following figures, find the values of tan θ. Give your answers in fractions.
(a) (b) (c)

5
In the following figures, find θ. Give your answers correct to the nearest 0.1° if necessary.

(a) (b) (c)

6
Ch3 Coordinate Geometry of Straight Lines (I) Set 3 Q

In each of the following, find the distance between the two given points.
(Leave your answers in surd form if necessary.)
(a) P(1, 6) and Q(6, 18)
(b) R(–3, 4) and S(3, –4)
(c) T(0, 0) and U(2, –1)

In each of the following, find the distance between the two given points.
(a) A(1, 1) and B(9, 7)
⎛ 9 3⎞ ⎛3 ⎞
(b) C ⎜ − , ⎟ and D ⎜ , 4 ⎟
⎝ 2 2⎠ ⎝2 ⎠

⎛ 5⎞ ⎛ 45 45 ⎞
Find the distance between A ⎜ 5 , ⎟ and B ⎜ ⎟.
⎜ 2 ⎟ ⎜ 2 , 2 ⎟
⎝ ⎠ ⎝ ⎠

1
In each of the following, find the length of PQ.
(Leave your answers in surd form if necessary.)

(a) (b)

In each of the following, find the length of PQ.

(Leave your answers in surd form if necessary.)
(a) (b)

2
Determine whether the point C(9, 5) is equidistant from A(1, 7) and B(5, –2).

⎛ 1 3⎞
Consider three points P(–7, 6), Q(2.5, –0.5) and R ⎜ , ⎟ . Which line segment is the longest, PQ, QR or
⎝ 2 5⎠
PR?

It is given that A(6.1, 2.5), B(0.9, 2), C(–1, –8.2) and D(–0.1, 9.3) are the vertices of a quadrilateral. Find the
perimeter of quadrilateral ABCD. Give your answer correct to 3 significant figures.

It is given that A(4, 7), B(10, 4), C(9, –5) and D(–1, 4) are the vertices of a quadrilateral. Find the difference
in lengths of the diagonals.

3
The figure shows a concave polygon ABCDEFG. Determine which line segment(s) satisfy each of the
following conditions.

(a) The slope is positive.

(b) The slope is negative.
(c) The slope is zero.
(d) The slope is undefined.

In each of the following, find the slope of the straight line passing through the two given points.
(a) A(0, 3) and B(9, –9)

⎛ 5 ⎞ ⎛ 125 ⎞
(b) P ⎜ − , 1⎟ and Q ⎜ , − 5 ⎟
⎜ 3 ⎟ ⎜ 3 ⎟
⎝ ⎠ ⎝ ⎠
(Leaver your answers in surd form if necessary.)

4
In the figure, A(–1, 10), B(–6, –5), C(9, –1) and D(10, 10) are the vertices of a quadrilateral. Find the slopes
of AB, BC, CD and AD.

Given three points, A(0, –5), B(–1, –3) and C(–2, 1) on the same rectangular coordinate plane, determine
which line, AB or AC is steeper.

4
Find the inclination θ of the straight line L with slope . Give your answer correct to 3 significant figures.
5

The inclination of the straight line L is 70°. Find the slope of L correct to 3 significant figures.

5
Find the inclination of a straight line passing through A(–6, 4) and B(4, 8). Give your answer correct to 3
significant figures.

Given that the slope of a straight line passing through A(2, 9) and B(–8, b) is 3, find the value of b.

In each of the following, determine whether the given three points are collinear.
(a) A(–4.5, 4), B(–1.6, –0.2) and C(1, –4)
⎛ 133 ⎞ ⎛ 5 ⎞ ⎛ 3⎞
(b) D ⎜ − 12, − ⎟ , E ⎜ , 6 ⎟ and F ⎜1, − ⎟
⎝ 2 ⎠ ⎝2 ⎠ ⎝ 2⎠

6
In each of the following, A, B and C are collinear. Find the values of the unknowns.
(a)

(b)

The points A(4, 11), B(–4, 6) and C(c, –4) are collinear. Find the value of c.

Given three points A(–3, 0), B(0, 3 3 ) and C( − 3 3 , 0) on the rectangular coordinate plane, D is a point on
the y-axis above the x-axis such that CD = AB. CD cuts AB at E.
(a) Find BAO.
(b) Find the coordinates of D.
(c) Hence, find CDB.

7
The following table shows the slopes of 7 straight lines.
Straight line L1 L2 L3 L4 L5 L6 L7
3 3 2 2
Slope 3 − 3 − –3
2 2 3 3
(a) Write down all pairs of parallel lines.
(b) Write down all pairs of perpendicular lines.

In each of the following, determine whether the straight lines AB and CD are parallel.
(a)

(b)

8
In each of the following, determine whether the straight lines PQ and RS are perpendicular.
(a)

(b)

For each of the following, find the slopes of AB and CD. Hence, determine whether AB and CD are parallel,
perpendicular or neither of them.
(a) A(–6, 3), B(0, 6), C(5, 2) and D(1, 0)
⎛1 ⎞
(b) A(2, 2), B(–7, 3), C(–8, –7) and D ⎜ , 66 ⎟
⎝9 ⎠
(c) A(6, 11), B(2, –3), C(–3, –6) and D(11, –2)

9
 ⎛1 ⎞
L is a straight line passing through A(3, 0) and B ⎜ , 2 ⎟ .
⎝8 ⎠
(a) If a straight line L1 is parallel to L, find the slope of L1.
(b) If a straight line L2 is perpendicular to L, find the slope of L2.

In the figure, AB // PQ, find the value of m.

10
In the figure, L is a straight line passing through A(–7, –1). Another straight line L1 intersects L at B(7, 6)
and cuts the x-axis at C. If L1 L, find the coordinates of C.

Given that a straight line passes through P(r, –4) and Q(6, –2) and is perpendicular to another straight line L
of slope –2, find the value of r.

11
L1 is a straight line passing through A(7, –7) and B(–1, 6). L2 is another straight line passing through C(0, c)
and D(–4, 0).
(a) If L2 // L1, find the value of c.
(b) If L2 L1, find the value of c.

Determine whether each of the following triangles is right-angled triangle.

(a) (b)

12
Ch3 Coordinate Geometry of Straight Lines (I) Set 4 Q

It is given that a is positive, find the distance between the A(–a, 2a) and B(–3a, 7a) in terms of a.
(Leave your answer in surd form if necessary.)

The distance between A(–8, a) and B(–4, 3a) is 2 13 units. If a is a positive number, find the value of a.

(a) Express the distance between A(2a, 2a) and B(6a, –a) in terms of a where a > 0.
(b) If the distance between A and B is 3 times the distance between C(0, 7) and D(–3, 3), find the value of
a.

It is given that the distance between A(–1, –2) and B(5, b) is 10 units. Find all the possible values of b.

1
The centre of a circle on the rectangular coordinate plane is A(0, 4). The radius of the circle is 5 units. If P(k,
1) is a point on the circle and k > 0, find the value of k.

Show that ABC in the figure is a right-angled isosceles triangle.

In the figures, A(–3, 1), B(1, –3), C(5, 1) and D(1, 5) are the vertices of a quadrilateral. Given that A=
B= C= D = 90°, prove that ABCD is a square.

2
In the figure, A(–2, 7), B(–4, 3), C(–3, 0) and D(0, 6) are the vertices of a trapezium ABCD. .If AB // DC
and AD CD, find
(a) AB, CD and AD,
(b) the area of the trapezium.
(Leaver your answers in surd form if necessary.)

3
The figure shows a circle on the rectangular coordinate plane. It is centered at B(1, 3) and cuts the x-axis at
A(5, 0).

(a) Find the radius of the circle.

(b) Determine whether C(4, 6) lies inside or outside the circle on the rectangular coordinate plane.

It is given that the coordinates of A and B are (0, 5) and (6, 5) respectively. C(x, y) is a point above AB such
that ABC is an equilateral triangle. Find the coordinates of C.
(Leave your answer in surd form if necessary.)

4
(a) Find the slope of a straight line passing through A(u, –2u) and B(2, 1 + 4u). Express your answer in
terms of u.
(b) What is the value of u if
1
(i) slope of AB is − ?
2
(ii) AB is vertical?
(iii) AB is horizontal?

The figure shows a quadrilateral ABCD. BC is parallel to the x-axis while AD is perpendicular to the x-axis.

(a) For each of the following line segments, determine whether its slope is positive, negative, zero or
undefined.
(i) BA
(ii) BC
(iii) CD
(iv) AD
1
(b) If the slopes of AC and CD are 1 and − respectively, find the coordinates of C and D.
2

5
6
L is a straight line passing through P(6, 2) and Q(–18, 9).
(a) Find the length of PQ and the slope of L.
(b) If the value of the y-coordinate of Q is increased by 10%, find the percentage change in the length of
PQ and the slope of L. Give your answers correct to 3 significant figures.

L is a straight line passing through P(1, –3) and Q(8, 4).

(a) Find the slope and the inclination of L.
(b) If the value of the slope of L is doubled, find the percentage change in the inclination of L. Give your
answers correct to 3 significant figures.

7
In the figure, A(1, 2), B(2, 2 + 3 ), C(3, 4) and D(4, 2 + 3 ) are 4 points on the rectangular coordinate
plane.

(a) Find the inclination of the straight line passing through AB.
(b) Find BAC.
(c) Show that AC is the angle bisector of BAD.

8
 1
In the figure, a straight line passing through B( 4 3 , 15) cuts the y-axis at A. If the slope of the line is ,
3
find the coordinates of A.

5
In the figure, a straight line L cuts the y-axis and x-axis at A(0, 4) and B respectively. If the slope of L is − ,
6
find the coordinates of B.

It is given that the coordinates of A and C are (–8, –12) and (6, 18) respectively. B is a point on the x-axis
such that the slope of AB is twice that of BC. Find the coordinates of B.

9
L is a straight line passing through A(–2, 3) and B(5, –4). If L cuts the x-axis and y-axis at P and Q
respectively, find the coordinates of P and Q.

In the figure, L is a straight line passing through A(2, y). L1 is another straight line passing through B(6, –2).
L and L1 intersects at C(0, 2). If L L1, find
(a) the slope of L in terms of y,
(b) the slope of L1,
(c) the value of y.

10
A(8, 2), B(6, 6) and C(0, 3) are the vertices of ABC on the rectangular coordinate plane.
(a) Prove that ABC is a right-angled triangle.
(b) Find the area of ABC.

In the figure, A(–6, 4), B(–4, –4), C(5, –1) and D(k, 2k + 1) are the vertices of a quadrilateral ABCD.
(a) If AB // CD, find the coordinates of D.
(b) Show that AD // BC.

11
In the figure, A(–2, 5), B(–13, –2), C(5, –6) and D(3n – 2, n) are the vertices of trapezium ABCD.
(a) If AD // BC, find the coordinates of D.
(b) Show that DC BC.
(c) Find the area of trapezium ABCD.

12
 ⎛ 11 30 ⎞
In the figure, A(–1, 6), B(–5, –1), C ⎜ , − ⎟ and D(x, 2) are the vertices of quadrilateral ABCD.
⎝7 7 ⎠
(a) If AD // BC, find the coordinates of D.
(b) Show that the angle between the two diagonals of the quadrilateral is 90°.

13
L1 is a straight line passing through P(2, –1) and Q(–1, 2). L2 is another straight line passing through R(1, –2)
and S(a, b) such that L1 // L2.
(a) Show that a + b = –1.
(b) If T(–3, c) lies on straight line L2, find the value of c.

14
In the figures, L1 is a straight line passing through A(6, 2) and B(8, 1). It cuts the x-axis at C.

(a) Find the slope of L1.

(b) Find the coordinates of C.
(c) D is a point on the x-axis so that AD L1. Find the coordinates of D.

15
Referring to the figure, ABCD is a parallelogram. A and B are points on the y-axis and the x-axis respectively.
K(15, 6) is a point on BC such that DK ⊥ BC.

(a) Find the value of d.

(b) Find the coordinates of A and B.
(c) Find the area of parallelogram ABCD.

16
Ch3 Coordinate Geometry of Straight Lines (I) Set 5 Q

5
L is a straight line passing through A(–4, –5) with slope m, where m > . It cuts the x-axis at B.
4

(a) Express the distance between O and B in terms of m.

(b) If the area of OAB is 5 sq. units, find the value of m.

1
It is given that the coordinates of Q and P are (a, a) and (x, 0) respectively, where a, x 0. If P, O and Q are
the vertices of an isosceles triangle, find all the possible values of x.

2
A(0, 5), B(1, 3), C(2x, 1) and D(4x, 0) are the vertices of trapezium ABCD with AD // BC.
(a) Find the value of x.
(b) Find the perimeter of trapezium ABCD. Give your answer correct to 1 decimal place.

In the figure, L is a straight line passing through A(9, 3) and the origin O. Another straight line L1 passing
through B(0, 13) intersects L at C(x, y). If L1 L, find the coordinates of C.

3
A(–4, 0), B(1, 6) and C(8, 0) are the vertices of ABC on the rectangular coordinate plane. BD is the height
of ABC.
(a) Find the coordinates of D.
(b) If F is a point on BC such that DF BC, find the length of DF. Leave your answer in surd form.
(c) If E is a point on AB such that ED // BC, find the coordinates of E.

4
It is given that the coordinates of A and B are (1 – r, 2) and (1 + r, 2) respectively, where r is a non-zero
constant. P(x, y) is a point on the rectangular coordinate plane such that AP PB.
(a) Prove that (x – 1)2 + (y – 2)2 = r2.
(b) If AP = 2BP, find all the possible coordinates of P in terms of r.

5
In the figure, L1, L2 and L3 are straight lines, where L1 // L2 and L2 L3. L3 cuts the y-axis and x-axis at A(0, a)
and B(b, 0) respectively, and OA : OB = 2 : 3. C(a, 5) and D(7, 6) are points on L1 and L2 respectively.

(a) Find the coordinates of A, B and C.

(b) State a point P on AB such that the area of CPD is the greatest. Hence, find the greatest possible area
of the CPD.

6
Ch3 Coordinate Geometry of Straight Lines (I) Set 6 MC Q

Find the distance between P(5, 8) and Q(–3, –7).

A. 2 units B. 7 units C. 16 units D. 17 units

Which of the following points is NOT 13 units form P(–1, 2)?

A. A(4, –10) B. B(11, 7) C. C(–6, 13) D. D(–13, –3)

Find the length of AB in the figure.

A. 4 units B. 5 units C. 34 units D. 44 units

Express the distance between P(a, 2a) and Q(–3a, 3a) in terms of a, where a is positive.
A. 5a units B. 15a units C. 17 a units D. 19a units

Find the perimeter of ABC in the figure.

A. 18 units B. 17 units C. 16 units D. 15 units

A(–6, 4), B(15, 4) and C(0, 12) are the vertices of ABC. Find the perimeter of ABC.
A. 21 units B. 24 units C. 36 units D. 48 units

1
In the figure, A(1, 1), B(b, 5) and C(–1, 3) are the vertices of an isosceles triangle ABC with AB = CB. Find
the area of the triangle.

A. 4 sq. units B. 6 sq. units C. 8 sq. units D. 10 sq. units

If the distance between P(k + 1, 2k – 1) and Q(k, k + 2) is k units, find the value of k.
5 7 8
A. B. 2 C. D.
3 3 3

Referring to the figure, which of the following statements is/are correct?

I. The slope of line segment BA is positive as it slopes upwards from left to right.
II. The slope of line segment CA is negative as it slopes downwards from right to left.
III. The slope of line segment BD is undefined as it is horizontal.
A. I only
B. II only
C. I and II only
D. I, II and III

Find the slope of the straight line passing through A(9, 19) and B(27, –3).
11 10 8
A. − B. − C. –1 D. −
9 9 9
2
A(1, 1), B(3, 2), C(3, 4), D(0, 4) and E(0, 2) are five points on a rectangular coordinate plane. Which of the
following lines is the steepest?
A. A straight line passing through A and B
B. A straight line passing through A and C
C. A straight line passing through A and D
D. A straight line passing through A and E

The coordinates of A and B are (a, 2) and (3, 5) respectively. If the slopes of AB is twice that of OA, where O
is the origin, find the value of a.
9 10 11 12
A. B. C. D.
7 7 7 7

Which of the following points is collinear with A(5, 2) and B(4, 1)?
A. P(0, 1) B. Q(5, 0) C. R(–4, –1) D. S(1, –2)

A(4, 2), B(k, 2k + 1) and C(8, –10) are three points on a rectangular coordinate plane. Find the value of k so
that A, B and C are collinear.
11 12 13 14
A. B. C. D.
5 5 5 5

A straight line L passes through A(–2, 6) and B(12, –2). If L cuts the x-axis at C, find the coordinates of C.
A. 8.3 B. 8.4 C. 8.5 D. 8.6

A straight line passing through A(4, 0) and B(3, –3) cuts the y-axis at C. Find the coordinates of C.
A. (–12, 0) B. (–11, 0) C. (0, –11) D. (0, –12)

3
In the figure, a straight line passing through A(3, 7) intersects with another straight line passing through C(4,
5) at B(–2, 3). Find ABC correct to 3 significant figures.

A. 20.2°
B. 21.2°
C. 22.2°
D. 23.2°

In the figure, m1, m2, m3, m4 and m5 represent the slopes of L1, L2, L3, L4 and L5 respectively. Which of the
following must be true?

I. L1 // L3
II. L2 L3
III. L4 L5
A. I only
B. II only
C. I and II only
D. I and III only

A(14, 2), B(10, 8), C and D are four points on a rectangular coordinate plane such that AB // CD. Find the
slope of CD.
A. –1.6 B. –1.5 C. –1.4 D. –1.3

4
L is a straight line passing through A(3, 2) and B(–13, 6). L1 is another straight line which is perpendicular to
L. Find the inclination of L1 correct to the nearest 0.1°.
A. 75.0° B. 76.0° C. 77.0° D. 78.0°

L1 and L2 are two parallel lines on the rectangular coordinate plane. L1 cuts the x-axis and y-axis at (–2.5, 0)
and (0, 3) respectively. Let α be the obtuse angle between L2 and the x-axis, find α correct to 3 significant
figures.
A. 128° B. 130° C. 132° D. 134°

In the figure, AB // CD. Find the value of a.

1 1
A. 4 B. 2 C. D.
2 4

5
 1
It is given that the slope of L1 is and AB L1, where the coordinates of A and B are (1, 0) and (0, n)
3
respectively. Find the value of n.
A. 3
B. –3
1
C.
3
1
D. −
3

It is given that the coordinates of A and B are (–2, 20) and (–7, 2) respectively. Find the slope of the
reflection of AB about the y-axis.
A. –3.2
B. –3.4
C. –3.6
D. –3.8

It is given that the coordinates of P is (–3, 4). Q is a point on the y-axis such that OPQ = 90°, where O is
the origin. Find the coordinates of Q.
⎛ 25 ⎞
A. ⎜ 0, ⎟
⎝ 4 ⎠
⎛ 13 ⎞
B. ⎜ 0, ⎟
⎝ 12 ⎠
⎛ 27 ⎞
C. ⎜ 0, ⎟
⎝ 4 ⎠
⎛ 7⎞
D. ⎜ 0, ⎟
⎝ 2⎠

L is a straight line perpendicular to another straight line passing through A(1, 10) and B(–5, –8). If L cuts the
x-axis and y-axis at C(c, 0) and D(0, –4) respectively, find the area of COD, where O is the origin.
A. 12 sq. units
B. 20 sq. units
C. 24 sq. units
D. 28 sq. units