Seating
Seating
Seating
DOI 10.1007/s11832-013-0513-8
Seating
Walter Michael Strobl
Received: 19 February 2013 / Accepted: 17 June 2013 / Published online: 14 August 2013
Ó EPOS 2013
123
396 J Child Orthop (2013) 7:395–399
123
J Child Orthop (2013) 7:395–399 397
Optimal pressure distribution by a surface as large as Classification of sitting ability and recommendations
possible reduces the risk of pressure sores. for special devices
One of the main goals of seating is to achieve free
function of upper extremities and reduced spasticity of ACTIVE SITTING is defined by the ability of the patient
trunk and extremities. Sitting should be comfortable for to control his trunk and pelvic muscles actively by an intact
several hours. motor system. This allows for continuously adapting the
Care and transfers should be eased so that they can be sitting posture to the environmental conditions. Patients are
performed by a single person only. The devices should able to sit ACTIVELY [15]. See Figs. 2 and 3.
provide enough flexibility and stability for daily life PASSIVE SITTING is defined by the patient’s inability
functions, and they should comply with hygienic and aes- only to be SEATED by supporting seating aids. He is not
thetic standards [14]. able to change the position of trunk and pelvis actively due
123
398 J Child Orthop (2013) 7:395–399
123
J Child Orthop (2013) 7:395–399 399
to a disorder of the motor system. Trunk, pelvic and lower 6. Frischhut et al (1990) Sitzprobleme Schwerbehinderter, prob-
extremity muscles cannot be moved voluntarily or are done lemgerechte Lösungsmöglichkeiten. Med Orth Tech
110:122–127
so inadequately. Without seating aids the patient would 7. Hoffer MM (1976) Basic considerations and classifications of
slide to a severe asymmetric posture or would drop out of cerebral palsy. Am Acad Orth Surg Instr Course Lect 25, Mosby
the chair. Such patients have to be seated PASSIVELY St. Louis
(Tables 1 and 2). 8. Carlson JM et al (1986) Seating for children and adolescents with
cerebral palsy. Clin Prosthet Orthot 10:137–158
9. Jarvis S (1985) Wheelchair clinics for children. Physiotherapy
71(3):132–134
10. Strobl W (2001) Planung und Durchführung der Sitzversorgung
References bei Patienten mit infantiler Zerebralparese. Med Orth Tech
121:152–159
1. Bardsley G (1993) Seating. In: BOWKER P (ed) Biomechanical 11. Tefft D et al (1999) Cognitive predictors of young children’s
Basis of Orthotic Management. Butterworth, Oxford, p 253–280 readiness for powered mobility. Dev Med Child Neurol
2. Rang M et al (1981) Seating for children with cerebral palsy. 41:665–670
J Pediatr Orthop 1:279–287 12. Motloch W (1977) Seating and positioning for the physically
3. Strobl W et al (2000) Sitzhilfen für körper- und mehrfachbe- impaired. Orthop Prosthet 31:11–21
hinderte Menschen—Pathophysiologie, Indikationen und Fehler. 13. Nielsen et al (2008) Seat load characteristics in children with
OrthTech 51:1042–1051 neuromuscular and syndrome-related scoliosis: effects of
4. Döderlein L (1995) Grundlagen der Sitzversorgung bei den pathology and treatment. J Pediatr Orthop B 17(3):139–144
schweren Formen der infantilen Zerebralparese. Med Orth Tech 14. Strobl W (2002) Neurogene Wirbelsäulendeformitäten Teil2:
115:266–273 sitzen und Sitzhilfen—Prinzipien der Anpassung. Orthopäde
5. Myhr U et al (1991) Improvement of functional sitting position 31:58–64
for children with cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol 15. Strobl W (2004) Medizinische Grundlagen der Sitzschalenver-
33:246–256 sorgung. OrthTech 55:592–600
123
© 2013. This work is published under
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ (the “License”).
Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this
content in accordance with the terms of the License.