Fundamental Principals Foundation Design
Fundamental Principals Foundation Design
Fundamental Principals Foundation Design
Anthony M. DiGioia Jr., PhD, PE, President DiGioia, Gray and Associates, LLC
IEEE TP&C Subcommittee Meeting Orlando, Florida January 8 11, 2007
Foundation Design Requires a Blending of Soil/Foundation Interaction Modeling and Engineering Judgment
INPUT DATA
FOUNDATION DESIGN
Input Data
SUBSURFACE INVESTIGATION
Input Data
GEOLOGY STUDY PAST SUBSURFACE INVESTIGATIONS
SUBSURFACE INVESTIGATION
Input Data
GEOLOGY STUDY PAST SUBSURFACE INVESTIGATIONS
SUBSURFACE INVESTIGATION
STRUCTURE TYPES
(Lattice Towers, Poles, H-Frames, Etc.)
AND ROLE
(Tangent, Runing Angle, Dead End, Etc.)
Input Data
GEOLOGY STUDY PAST SUBSURFACE INVESTIGATIONS
SUBSURFACE INVESTIGATION
AND ROLE
(Tangent, Runing Angle, Dead End, Etc.)
Input Data
Input Data
Input Data
H-FRAME STRUCTURES
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Input Data
GEOLOGY STUDY PAST SUBSURFACE INVESTIGATIONS
STRUCTURE TYPES
(Lattice Towers, Poles, H-Frames, Etc.)
AND ROLE
(Tangent, Runing Angle, Dead End, Etc.)
11
Input Data
GEOLOGY STUDY NUMBER, TYPE AND LOCATION OF BORINGS SUBSURFACE INVESTIGATION PAST SUBSURFACE INVESTIGATIONS
STRUCTURE TYPES
(Lattice Towers, Poles, H-Frames, Etc.)
AND ROLE
(Tangent, Runing Angle, Dead End, Etc.)
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Input Data
GEOLOGY STUDY NUMBER, TYPE AND LOCATION OF BORINGS SUBSURFACE INVESTIGATION PAST SUBSURFACE INVESTIGATIONS
STRUCTURE TYPES
(Lattice Towers, Poles, H-Frames, Etc.)
AND ROLE
(Tangent, Runing Angle, Dead End, Etc.)
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How should you approach obtaining subsurface information and geotechnical design parameters?
PI1
GEOTECHNICAL ISSUES
SOIL TYPES
PI3 PI2
PI4
PI5
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How should you approach obtaining subsurface information and geotechnical design parameters?
PI1
STRUCTURE ISSUES
STRUCTURE TYPES
PI2
PI4
PI5
15
GWL
H
Wc
GWL
18
19
INPUT DATA
FOUNDATION DESIGN
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INPUT DATA
FOUNDATION DESIGN
ASCE MANUAL 74 RBD METHOD
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The ASCE Method allows the designer to: Consider the variability of loadings. Consider the variability of component strength. Vary reliability levels between lines. Vary reliability levels between line components.
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The Load Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) equation presented in Section 1 of Manual 74 for weather-related (reliability based) loads is as follows:
CRe > effect of [DL + Q50] in which: C = strength (resistance) factor which can be selected to adjust the reliability of the component; Re = the e-th % design strength for the component; DL = dead load effect in the component; = load factor applied to the live load effect Q50; Q50 = load effect produced by combinations of wind velocity, ice thickness, and/or temperature, which has a 50-year return period
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(1)
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Strength Factors to Adjust Component Reliability by Factor CRF for Strength Exclusion Limit, e of 5 to 10%
Component Reliability Factor (CRF) CRF, C, for COVR = 10-20% CRF, C, for COVR = 30% CRF, C, for COVR = 40% CRF, C, for COVR = 50%
INPUT DATA
FOUNDATION DESIGN
ASCE MANUAL 74 RBD METHOD
26
27
6000
Constant COV m
5000
y = mm X y = 1.242 X
4000
3000
2000
28
29
7000
6000
4000
3000
2000
0 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 Predicted Nominal Strength - X (kip-ft)
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31
5000
3000
2000
1000
0 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 Predicted Nominal Strength - X (kip-ft)
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n 20 20 20
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COHESIONLESS SOILS
Total Density Moisture Content Angle of Internal Friction Compaction Characteristics Modulus of Deformation
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36
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38
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BORING LOG
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42
FOUNDATION DESIGN
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Groundwater level at surface Stiff to very stiff clay T =120 pcf su = 2.0 ksf
D=?
5 FT
Using the reliability-based design approach, determine D for the Hansen, MFAD and CAISSON design methods.
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Lognormal PDF
Design Model Hansen MFAD CAISSON 5 0.75 0.60 0.42 The Required Nominal Design Moment Capacity (1) 1333 1667 2381
CAISSON
Mn =1667 k-ft
HANSEN
Mn =1333 k-ft
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1600 1500 1400 1300 1200 1100 1000 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 10.0 10.5 11.0 11.5 12.0 12.5 13.0 13.5 14.0 14.5 15.0 15.5 16.0
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Summary
FOUNDATION DESIGN REQUIRES A BLENDING
SOIL/FOUNDATION INTERACTION MODELING ENGINEERING JUDGEMENT
A WELL-PLANNED SUBSURFACE INVESTIGATION IS CRITICAL IMPLEMENTATION OF THE RBD METHOD IN ASCE MANUAL 74 IS RECOMMENDED CALIBRATING FOUNDATION DESIGN METHODS PROVIDES A RATIONAL DESIGN FRAMEWORK FOR DEVELOPING STRENGTH FACTORS FIELD INSPECTION OF CONSTRUCTION AND GEOTECHNICAL PARAMETER CONFIRMATION ARE CRITICAL
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