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    T3 Worksheet 3

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    gonearly Ali
    This document contains a worksheet on artificial intelligence. It includes tasks involving deductive reasoning to determine if logical rules lead to true or false goals, identifying shapes as black squares based on rules, using forward chaining in an expert system to determine a career path based on interests, using an online expert system to identify bird characteristics, and developing classification rules and assigning certainty percentages based on machine learning training data for dogs. The tasks aim to demonstrate concepts related to logic, expert systems, and machine learning.

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    T3 Worksheet 3

    Uploaded by

    gonearly Ali
    171 views6 pages
    This document contains a worksheet on artificial intelligence. It includes tasks involving deductive reasoning to determine if logical rules lead to true or false goals, identifying shapes as black squares based on rules, using forward chaining in an expert system to determine a career path based on interests, using an online expert system to identify bird characteristics, and developing classification rules and assigning certainty percentages based on machine learning training data for dogs. The tasks aim to demonstrate concepts related to logic, expert systems, and machine learning.

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    This document contains a worksheet on artificial intelligence. It includes tasks involving deductive reasoning to determine if logical rules lead to true or false goals, identifying shapes as black squares based on rules, using forward chaining in an expert system to determine a career path based on interests, using an online expert system to identify bird characteristics, and developing classification rules and assigning certainty percentages based on machine learning training data for dogs. The tasks aim to demonstrate concepts related to logic, expert systems, and machine learning.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    171 views6 pages

    T3 Worksheet 3

    Uploaded by

    gonearly Ali
    This document contains a worksheet on artificial intelligence. It includes tasks involving deductive reasoning to determine if logical rules lead to true or false goals, identifying shapes as black squares based on rules, using forward chaining in an expert system to determine a career path based on interests, using an online expert system to identify bird characteristics, and developing classification rules and assigning certainty percentages based on machine learning training data for dogs. The tasks aim to demonstrate concepts related to logic, expert systems, and machine learning.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 6

    Worksheet 3 Artificial intelligence

    Unit 7 Automated and emerging technologies

    Name:..................................................................................................... Class: .....................

    Task 1
    The following table shows a list of rules on each row. It then shows a goal that you need to
    prove using deduction. Write if the goal is True or False in the final column.

    Rules Goal Use reasoning/deduction to find if


    the goal is True or False

     All zebras have black All zebras have True


    stripes. black and white
    stripes.
     All zebras have white
    stripes.

     Jonny likes tea. Everyone who True


    lives at Crescent
     Amy likes coffee. Drive likes hot
     Tea and coffee are both drinks.
    hot drinks.
     Jonny and Amy are the
    only people to live at 24
    Crescent Drive.

     George has one child. Isla is Olivia’s false


    sister.
     George’s grandson is
    Arthur.
     Arthur’s mother is Olivia.
     Olivia’s daughter is
    called Isla.
     Isla is related to George.

     The local swimming pool The swimming False


    is open between 8am pool is open.
    and 8pm.
     The local swimming pool
    isn’t open on Mondays.
     The time now is currently
    9am.
     Today is a bank holiday
    Monday.

    1
    Worksheet 3 Artificial intelligence
    Unit 7 Automated and emerging technologies

    Task 2
    The following rules have been added to an AI program to detect whether a shape is a black
    square.
    1 All black pixels must have exactly two black pixels next to them.
    2 All black pixels, except four, must have two white pixels at opposite sides and two
    black pixels at opposite sides.
    3 A corner is a black pixel that has another black pixel adjacent to it.
    4 All distances between corner pixels must be the same.

    Look at each of the following shapes represented with pixels. State whether each one is a
    black square (according to the rules). If a shape isn’t a black square, state which rule(s) stop it
    from being one and explain how the rule(s) have been broken.

    Shape Is it a black If it isn’t a black square, which


    square? rule decides this?

    Yes

    yes

    yes

    no

    no

    2
    Worksheet 3 Artificial intelligence
    Unit 7 Automated and emerging technologies

    Task 3
    The following shows the data and rules of an expert system arranged as a tree.

    (a) Show how the inference engine uses forward chaining to establish the most appropriate
    career for someone who likes working with people but isn’t interested in a job that makes
    people’s health better. They also like science.

    3
    Worksheet 3 Artificial intelligence
    Unit 7 Automated and emerging technologies

    (b) The RSPB has an expert system that helps the public to identify birds.
    Visit the website:
    https://www.rspb.org.uk/birds-and-wildlife/wildlife-guides/identify-a-bird/
    A photo has been taken of a bird in a local park. Use the expert system to identify the
    following bird:

    Bird identified:
    The great spotted woodpecker

    (c) Discuss ideas that may improve this expert system so that it is easier to use.

    4
    Worksheet 3 Artificial intelligence
    Unit 7 Automated and emerging technologies

    Task 4
    The following table shows eight images that have been used as training data for a machine
    learning program.
    Training data for dogs

    ü û ü û

    ü ü û û

    In machine learning the computer program will look at the training data and ‘discover’ rules to
    classify dogs.

    (a) Use the training data to determine five rules that can be used to classify dogs.

    5
    Worksheet 3 Artificial intelligence
    Unit 7 Automated and emerging technologies

    (b) Look at the following photos.


    Complete the table to show which which rules the photo meets and work out a percentage
    of certainty that the photo shows a dog (based on your rules).

    Rules met 4 legs , colour, paws, 4legs , size 4legs colour eyes
    eyes, size

    Percentage 100% 20% 60%


    certainty
    the image
    is a dog

    (c) Explain how the machine learning could be improved.

    To add fur, colour, eyes

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