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    B2 12 Geography Key Notes CH 03 Human Development

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    John Wick
    Human development is defined as enlarging peoples' choices through education, healthcare, income, and empowerment. The minimum conditions for human development are progressive democratization and increasing peoples' empowerment. India ranks 127 out of 172 countries on the Human Development Index, with a score of 0.602, falling in the medium group of nations. Low scores are due to historical factors like colonialism, as well as current issues including human rights violations, social discrimination, and regional disparities in income.

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    B2 12 Geography Key Notes CH 03 Human Development

    Uploaded by

    John Wick
    50 views2 pages
    Human development is defined as enlarging peoples' choices through education, healthcare, income, and empowerment. The minimum conditions for human development are progressive democratization and increasing peoples' empowerment. India ranks 127 out of 172 countries on the Human Development Index, with a score of 0.602, falling in the medium group of nations. Low scores are due to historical factors like colonialism, as well as current issues including human rights violations, social discrimination, and regional disparities in income.

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    Human dev notes

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    Human development is defined as enlarging peoples' choices through education, healthcare, income, and empowerment. The minimum conditions for human development are progressive democratization and increasing peoples' empowerment. India ranks 127 out of 172 countries on the Human Development Index, with a score of 0.602, falling in the medium group of nations. Low scores are due to historical factors like colonialism, as well as current issues including human rights violations, social discrimination, and regional disparities in income.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    50 views2 pages

    B2 12 Geography Key Notes CH 03 Human Development

    Uploaded by

    John Wick
    Human development is defined as enlarging peoples' choices through education, healthcare, income, and empowerment. The minimum conditions for human development are progressive democratization and increasing peoples' empowerment. India ranks 127 out of 172 countries on the Human Development Index, with a score of 0.602, falling in the medium group of nations. Low scores are due to historical factors like colonialism, as well as current issues including human rights violations, social discrimination, and regional disparities in income.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 2

    Chapter-3

    Human Development

    “Human development is a process of enlarging the range of peoples’ choices, increasing their
    opportunities for education health care income and empowerment and covering the full range
    of human choices from a sound physical environmentto economic social and political freedom”

    Human Development Report: “progressive democratization and increasing empowerment of


    people are seen as the minimum conditions for human development”
    Human Developmentin India
    1. India ranked 127 among 172 countries
    2. HDI value is 0.602

    60
    3. Fall in medium group among the nations
    4. Low score is due to

    E3
    Historical Factors
    Colonization, imperialism, neo imperialism,

    Socio cultural factors


    ID
    Human rights violation, social discrimination, crimes, terrorism, war

    Political factors
    U
    Nature of state, form of government, level of empowerment,
    YG

    Indicators of economic attainments:


    1. Access to all resources by all the people
    2. GDP (RS.3200 THOUSAND crore), per capita income (Rs 20,8130 are the units to
    measure HDI
    D

    3. Prevalence of poverty, deprivation, malnutrition various types of prejudices


    4. Large scale regional disparities
    U

    5. MS, PUN, HAR GUJ, DEL, have high per capita income
    6.Low per capita income is found in UP BI ORI MP AS J&K
    ST

    Indicators of healthy life


    1. Long life without ailment is called longevity
    2. Availability of pre, post health care facilities decrease the death rate
    3. Old age health care, adequate nutrition and safety of individual are important measures
    for health
    4. Death rate decreased from 25.1 / 1000 to 8.1 /1000
    5. IMR decreased from 148 to 70
    6. Life expectancy increased from 37.1 years to 65.3 years
    7. Decreased birth rate from 40.8 to 26.1
    8. Decline in sex ratio in rural areas is alarming
    Indicators of social empowerment
    1. Access to knowledge about society and environment
    2. Literacy rate is the indicator of social development
    3. Literacy rate increased to 65.4%
    4.Literacy rate is Higher than the national average in many states
    5. Kerala has highest and Bihar has lowest literacy

    Human development index in India


    1. Kerala with 0.638 placed on the top
    2. Orissa with 0.404 placed at the bottom
    3. Due to highest sex ratio and literacy Kerala place on the top
    4. Due low sex ratio, per-capita income, and low literacy Orissa kept at the bottom

    60
    Reasons for low HDI
    1. Low literacy rate

    E3
    2. Low economic development
    3. Regional disparities of British continued

    Population environment and development

    rights cause low HDI.


    2. Methods to increase the HDI
    ID
    1. Social inequalities, discriminations deprivations displacement of people, abuse human
    U
    3. Sustainable development
    4. Got. Expenditure on public health and education
    YG

    5. Increase social and political freedom


    D
    U
    ST

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