Revolution Graffiti - Street Art of The New Egypt (PDFDrive)
Revolution Graffiti - Street Art of The New Egypt (PDFDrive)
Revolution Graffiti - Street Art of The New Egypt (PDFDrive)
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ll Prefoce ]X
Revolution & Freedom I
Stencils 16
lllriirriitliirl HK 22
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Story of o Murol: Tonk vs. Biker 25
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i:it l\iiiiiii' Muboroks ogoinst the Woll 30
The Beouty Queen of Azorito 34
The Mugommo 3B
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Protest 44
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Honqo Ei Deghom
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Foces 5B
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The Winged Elephont 65
Nos UnderGround 7l
Sod Pondo 72
Medio Liors 77
Nozeer B}
Animols B4
ZeIt 89
The Ultros oa
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\Thon u-;e iook ur gro[[ ti rn ilris -;ir]er s--nse, l's olr',to;s thot tl-'
Er,ryoticrri people trr--ver tr:crlly .';lopped expresr;ing thoms-'lves by
cr[stic meorrij thcrt ccrn row bo chcrcrct-ottzed crs 'grcrlliti' StclrtiLrg
rri preh stcr,r: [mcl;, -,-,'horr giruffes ond clrlphortts ,-.ere broL,ght to
111o by simplo strokes orr o dcsert rock, tlie Eclyptrons
cr co,.rple oJ
crnbor lri:ct orr on or t joulney tircrt hcr; ieJt rts mor k urLlrl our tirne ,AJ1
k rds o1 grcr1fi11, vcrliing lrom:r mpler r:cro-','ling ic-, skillul colligrophy
crrLd colorful poirrtings, .ippoor in crnciont tornbs ond tcrnplt:s,
(loptli: r:h;Lc tes, rrnd orL 1he ,--rrlls ol l'1;s1lnr-;llcrl1c iiot;tes liiut hcrve
bcen c1ocorc.rtc--d with Hcrjj pcrinlings, celebrcrtinq lhc pllgrirrroge lo
Mecccr And lr,-foro crdv--rtrsrnq orllbocl'ds-,vcLe erteclecl rn the citios,
l'-.--cg irorlnr()n 1.r hira lrrL crtlr;t to,,.,ri*e c rLd crcote u couttrLerciol
l;loqcrr clrreclIy on he wrrl], oncl mony of them r;till rerncrrn
] tr c "-r--lecl to cr I .he nrr-rlor Ec1-r-p,r(In
L alr;:r ,n :eorclt of Re-":ol;trLrrt
c1rcrffltl I tolkcd to p--opk: frorrL crli r.;enercrtions, crnd most o{ t}i--rn
erxpre:;r;ed tlLerr I ILng lrr tlrc rrew stteo ort They diort't frnd il
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Stencil groffiti, Mohondesin
J Cornmerciol pointing on Tohlir Sireel, Coiro
Honds dipped in blood, from the lslomic feost oF Eid ol Adho, Moodi
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"i Celebroting the revolution in poeiry, Minyo: "The dreom come bock,
wiihout worning." (For the tronslotion, see poge 192.)
Detoil of o murol by students ot the Fine Arts Acodemy, Zomolek.
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"Think. Think. Think. No one will thinl< {or (
you." Nosr City.
Heodless poliiicions in the honds of o militory
puppeteer, by Ahmed El Mosry, Ahmed Abdolloh,
Monio, ond KlM, corner of Mohomed
Soil<o
Mohmoud Sireei ond Tohrir Squore, Coiro.
"The cry of o people: Revolution," Mohomed
Mohmoud Streei, Coiro.
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Sociol r-nedio ore cln irrrpo.tont protesl lool itAurol c'l Alexorrrlrio,
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, , rr LrI lre lions on Qosi- oi-Nil Bridge, Coiro. "Wnl<e L]D, Egyp'i! "Hii i.rs urith bullets, hii rs wifh fighier-plcnes, you wi//
,,, ,,;ry," "Sco{, Sccrf roised the price of oil crnd sugor," "We ore ieove," by Hosli, corner of Mohr:rned i\4cihn'ouci Streei ond
I , llrrrrrcrclon!" "No io SCAF in order noi 1o lose the revolution," Ichrir Squcre, Coiro
, , llre Squore," "God, let your slove be viciorious " "Freedcn-r," Gcr-dei- f itY, Ccriro
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Freedo,n Iighte,, Suez.
"Preserve Egypl's sionding
/ And v're will l<eep the old
promise / Egypt is more honest
thon time," song by Sheil<h
lmom, murol by students ot the ','.111iit,".
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Fine Arts Acodenry, Zomolel<
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"Steodfost," Coiro.
"Stoy with ihe revolution!" Alexondrio.
"Peoce{u1," Coiro
Stencils on o bolcony in MinYo.
"The people's porlioment from the blood of the
people," Alexondrio.
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Oppoiie poge:
"Where ore my righls?" by
Hossom Honi Shukrolloh ond
Mohommed el Moshir, Coiro.
"Freedom, 25 Jonuory
2O12," Coiro.
"l om the broin ond you
ore the rnuscles," Mohomed
Mohmoud Streel, Coiro
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It oll storted in lote Moy 20ll , when there wos o first coll for o "Mod Grolfitj
Weekend." Street ortists were brought together to collectively pro-
duce gro{fiti ocross Colro. Among the "Mod Groffiti" orgonizers
wos Gonzeer, o grophic designer who wos oiso one of the moln
ortists behind the lorge-scole stenciled piece on the qbutment oj
the Sixth oJ October Bridge in Zomolek. The originol work, here
nomed "Tqnk versus Biker," portroyed o life-sized tonk olmlng its
connon ot o boy on o blcycle corrying o troy of 'oish bctlctdi, or locql
breod, the stople {ood of most Egyptions ond therefore symbolic of
the doily struggle to moke ends meet. Another groffiti ortist, Sod
Pondo, odded his logo to the piece. "Tonk versus Biker" quickly
become o well-known morker oJ the new Egyption groffiti.
AJter the "Mospero Mossocre" of October 201 I, when more thon
twenty-five Christion Eglptions protesting the destruction of q church
were killed by the militory, groffiti ortist Kholed, olso known os the
Winged Elephont, orrived ot the woll ond odded imoges of people
being crushed by the tonk-just os it hod hoppened in reol life.
The oriqinol murol from Moy 2011 by Gonzeer, Sod Pondo, ond friends
Supporters o{ the ormy, colling themselves the Bodr Bottolion,
didn't like Kholed's oddition, ond chonged the murcrl into o pro-
crrmy piece.
But not for long. Soon Kholed wos bock with his point ond brushes
ond turned most of the woll next to the tonk into o gicrnt monster-
soldier devouring cr femole protester. The Mono Liso Bottolion, cre-
oted in response to the Bodr Bottollon, odded o set of figures, omong
them the Russion communist Lenin Loter Nozeer odded hls sign
"Tohrir is your oddress" being crushed by the tonk. The wltness to
oll of this, the Sod Pondo-whot hoppened to him? He disoppeored
in the process ond is now hidden under loyers of polnt.
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"ll' Protesiers, in Vendetio mosks, hove iojned the Biker ond Sod Pondo
h The Tonk crushing protesters, on oddiiion lo ihe murol by Winged Elephont ofter the Mospero Mossocre
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At the beginning of the Egyption uprislng grcrffltl ortists hcrd countless
numbers of Muborok poriroits from whlch to moke their stencils.
For thlrty yeors presldent Hosnl Mubcrrok mcrde sure 'hls' people
would never forget hlm The omnlpresent Muborcrk looked down ot
people {rom gicrnt posters in the streets, hls fromed portrclit hung
from the wolls of offices, schools, crnd cofes, crnd reoders of the
stote owned press met hls foce dcxily on the front poges.
Groffltl stencils oJ Hosni Muborok show on orrogont mon, defyrng
the people's wrll to the bitter end Muborok, who rose to presldentiol
power crfter the ossosslnotlon of Anwcrr Sodot in 1981, become one
of the longest serving rulers in Egypt's modern history. He ls morrled
to Suzonne Muborok, on Egypticrn version of o well pollshed Flrst
Lcrdy of the United Stotes At the tlme of writing, her husbond, who ls
thirteen yeors her senlor, is seruing the second month of o twenty-
flve yecrr prison sentence. The toppled presldent stood occused of
the killlngs ol hundreds of protesters ond mossive corruptlon, shorlngr
the lotter chorge with hls sons. Muborcrk is wrdely expected to oppeol
the verdict. The cxmossed weolth of the {ormer ruling fomily of Egypt
is estimoted to be somewhere in the reglon of $70 billion.
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Ayo Torek, qlso knovrn qs the "Beouty Queen of Azoritq, " is the midwife of modern
groffiti in Egrypt. But twentytwo-yeor-old Ayo, who wos born ond still is bosed in
Alexondrio, doesn't wont to be lobeled o groffiti ortist. "l'm o pointer ond o murolist,
or just coll me o creotive professionol, becouse I do lots of different things"' Long
before the revolution ond todoy's vibront groffiti scene Ayo ond o group of friends
begon to moke stencils ond drcrwings on the wolls o{ Alexondriq. "I took my ort to
the streets ond creoted my owr] outdoor golIery becouse I wos desperqte to show
my work outside the Foculty of Fine futs."
Meeting people directlyin the open ond seeing howtheyopprooched her ortwork
gove Ayo o greot kick. "l olso got o lot of sotisfoction from the feeling thot I wos totolly
{ree: thot nobody could control me in the sireet, ploce restrictions on or censor my ort."
Ayo wonted to shqre her experiences qnd invited people to join her groffiti
workshops. But only one person opplied. "Con you believe thot? If it hod been
todoy, the closs would hove been full-more thon fulil"
Ayo, who is o step oheod of her contemporories most of the time, Jelt she hod
olreody left her "rebellious phose" when the Egqption Revolution storted in lonuory
2011. "I joined the protests, but I felt like o zombie," soys Ayo. "l hod olreody moved
on to o new phose, I wos reody for new chollenges."
Today Ayo soys she wonts to "connect the dots" os qn ortist. Her lnspirotionol
dots belong to o brood spectrum where eost meets west: Arobic colligrrophy, pop ort,
Persion miniotures, phoroonic ort, ond not leost, clnemo posters by her grondfother
of the I960stothe I980s. "l'mtoiollyinspiredbyhiswork.Wehcrvethesqmebrush."
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A cinemo poster by Ayo Torel< iurned inlo o murol,
Alexondrio
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The Mugommo
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"Mlr,:,rr,;,' rLrllr( l lr,rrrr llte People of Egypl "No to militory rule "
lo fi(-Al : lr rtvr ," lry 11,,, ri Murol by Hosni
"Yorr wrll rr,, lrl ,,rr lvolLrlLotr," by Hosni
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"Government, feor us," Downtown Coiro.
"Slril<e I 1 Februory " Field Morshol Tonlowi
soys: "All the Egyption people should porticipcrte,"
Downtown Coiro.
Egyption cot of resistonce, by Gonzeer, Dol<l<i
"Wotch out for the porties of the fuioul [old
regime]," Luxor.
ln red: "Don't elect the blocl< circle: thief, ignoronl,
bully, mol<es promises: Notionol ty." In green:
"Elect the white circle: irustworth ducoied honest,
octs on promises: Egyption " 6 April Movement, Luxor
Tohrir Squore
"silence is nol for us," Tohrir Squore
"All the militory ore thieves," Downtown Coiro
"Weor we're going to the streei," Dol<l<i'
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"No scrfe cxil," Dowrrlowrr Cctito
"No lo rrrililcry rulc," "llrt-- pcople ore the
red line," Tolrrir Srltrcrrc
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"The l<inq o[]lrc jurrtllc ricles o torrl< " This
stencil by El Tctrccrr slrows llcrslrot ol Asod os
Hiiler (cr.sod is 'liorr' irr Ar crlti<, lrr-'trce kirrg of the
iungle). A new scnsc ol irrlcttroliotrol solidority
sweeps over lltc Miclcllc Eosl; tlrr: struggle for
freedom ond socicrl iu:;lice lrcrs rro borders xe l,l
Opposile pog,Jc: t ! tr,
"Resisl the govt-'rtrtrrcrrl," Cctit o (
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"Workers of Egypt, where ore you?" Downtown !.
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"l(ill me: my murder will never bring your notion f
bock" (from "Ode of the Squore," by the fomous poet
Abd ol-Rohmon ol-Abnoudi), Dokki
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"Bosem's blood is on your honds" (ond the nomes
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of 22 olher mortyrs), Zomolel<, Coiro. i1,utz
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"Remember them," Sudon Slreet, Coiro. .6.Juli1 g!,u'r
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Opposile poge:
"Do the right thing," sterrcil ol
<rclor Ghosson Molcrr (the line i:;
from one of his movies), Mcrodi
Hobib ol Adly, the former
Egypiion minister of interior, olso
os'the buicher,' Luxor"
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V for Vendello mosl<s, Zomolel<
"The idol hos follen," Alexondrio
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"l om St Vincent" (the Americon
singer), by Amr Gomol, Zomolel<
Screoming hond by Zool<,
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"Down with l(hedive lsmoil,"
Alexondrio.
Solofist, Mohomed Mohmoud
Street, Coiro.
Foce on o woll in Foggolo, Coiro
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Beorded foce olongside election posters for
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Fol/owing poges:
ti;, "tNiIh o smile, he reollywill ...leove."
I "l soy: Cousin . . . fidelity.''
r,, "The person who wos drinking ond osked me: Wont some?"
tll.': "fhe person who didn't show up in the progrom but whose voice wos
in the heort oi the cry."
', "When they storted shooling."
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iVas meons 'people' in Arobir. As soon qs the Egyption revoiution rem
Muborok from power, the groffiti teom Nqs UnderGround sow the
Iight of doy. The moin body of the group consists of two young men
ond o womon-q student, o jobless university groduote, ond o
phormocist-whose oim is to rqise politicoJ orMoreness qmong
fellow Egyptions. They begon moking groffiti becquse lnobcidy
listened," referring to the stote mediq, which the group view os
either liors or incompetent to oddress the reql issues: freedom,
breod, ond sociql justice. Nos UnderGround is on Focebook ond
Twitter, but believes there is no better sociol medium thon the wolls.
"Groffiti is on inexpensive woy to reoch o lot of people. Here we con
olso reoch oll kinds of sociol groups; we hqve dif{erent messoges
for different oreos."
Nos UnderGround distinguishes itself by moking stencils thot
ore both meoningful ond eye-cotching, like the 'shoe stencil,'which
shows the sole of q shoe with the word 'SCAF' (short {or 'Supreme
Council of the Armed Forces'). They believe thot groffiti, besides
corrying o politicol messiige, should olso be done well qnd be nice
to look qt. Nos UnderGround wqnt to continue developing the ort of
groffiti. Todoy, they cooperote with young poets to turn their poems
into groffiti stencils. The dreom is to estoblish o groffiti school. "lf you
hcrve q possion for groffiti-or ony strong interest for thot mqtter
it's importont to explore it to the {ullest."
72
& A mixed group of protesters in front of the Mugommo otTohrir Squore. ln the crowd one con
recognize the {ollowing historic {igures: Anwor Sodot, Nietzsche, Hitler, Costro, ond the Egyption reform
leoder Mohommed ElBorodei; deposed president Muborok's foce is poinled over in block. Thowro
Tunnel, Heliopolls.
A protester pierced by bullets, porl of Sod Pondo's "Revenge Woll" ot the Foculty o{ Fine Arts, Zomolek.
Scd Pondo soys: "The field morshol mokes me even sodder." Foloki Squore, Coiro.
Sod Pondo odded the sitting figure io the olreody existing soldier pointed by on unknown groffiti ortist.
Port of "Revenge Woll" ot the Foculiy o{ Fine Arts, Zomolel<.
,-lYl tr U'l A t[ARS
I'rtlon Mospero, the French orchoeologist, is probobly turnlng in his
1r, r',,'l'irdoythe nome Mcrspero hos become synonymous wlththe
,rl ,, | ,Lrl(:ci building thot houses the Egyption Rodio ond Television
I l, , ,rr (ll'fU). The revolutron hos revecrled the true Joce of this stote-
' rr, ,, I rnedio orgonlzotion. As o key mouthpiece lor the old regime,
't ' ri , )rc of the first buildings to be protected by the Egyption Army
t,,rrr ,1 llre outbreok o{ the revolution. Behind o shield of tonks ond
,rrr, ,l 1;11l6ljsrs, RTU olwcrys sides with the ruling regime ond its
I I r r ri vicw ' Flrst, RTU supported Muborcrk until he wos dethroned
,, I ', 'bruory 2011, ond hos since then contlnued belng the porrot
t r tlr, , lr"4inistry of Informotion ond for the SCAF (Supreme Council of
r 1 ,, /\ r rrnd Forces), the militory rulers. The RTU does not stop ot mis-
r,,1, r rrrrrrr 1 the generol public: they ore olso occused of inciting hotred
,,, i ,r ,lcnce. Among the 43,000 employees o group o coliing them
, | ,r; "'l lre Free Mospero Group" wos formed. They ore o beocon
'
I lr, rl rl I r r o building thot hos turned journolism into o shomeful croft
lrr llrr,; poste-up by Hotem, Mel Gibson, with o middle finger in ploce of
r Lr'.l.rl longue, oriiculotes on obscene snori o{ derision-khuhl Zomolek.
It Slr:ncils by Zook, Zomolek.
'l rlylrlion lelevision liors," Downtown Coiro.
'( ll.or) your broin yourself, so thot no one woshes il for you," Zomolek.
J{,AZT E R
Sd& ti
Nozeer's greolesl inspirolion is Tohrlr Squcrre. It's o
ploce to which he keeps returning, both in
lL;rlr ^qr,
the flesh qnd in his street ort. "Tohrir Squore
is where we oll met, where different cultures
merged into one, ond where we oll felt the
collective wisdom for eighteen doys. Tohrlr
Squore olso gove me the guts to express
myself without Jeor of rejection."
Nozeer pointed his first piece of grolfiti
ort o couple of months before the revolution,
ln October 20 10. Together with o cousin
who is octive in the April 6 Movement, he
pointed the clenched fist the group hos
copied from Otpor, the Serbion onti-regime
youth movement, olong with the messqge
"Yes to Chongel"
Not much hos chonged for the better,
though. Nozeer believes Tohrir Squore stl11
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tootboll is big in tgypl. It used to be bigger thon politics, but not ony
more. Since the eorly doys of the revolution Egypt's footboll fons-
the Ultros-hove ployed on importont role in the protests ond
continue to do so in the ongoing revoiution. Egypt's Ultros hove
people in ten clubs, but most of the members ore divided between
supporters of the Ahly club, colled Ultros Ahlowy, ond Ultros White
Knights, who ore ossocioted with the Zomolek footboll teom. A
typicol Ion hos been described by one okrserver qs "o guy who
lives in o one-bedroom flot with his wi{e, mother-in-low, ond {ive
kids. He is poid minimum woge ond life sucks. The only good thing
obout hls life is thot for two hours on o Fridoy he goes to the
stqdium ond wqtches his teom ploy." Before the revoiution,
footboll served os o breothing spqce for the bottled-up roge ond
frustrotion felt by so mony Egyptions. The Ultros groups took port
in the uprising from the very beginning. As eorly as 22 lanuary,
three doys before the revolution kicked off, unknown Ultros
uplooded o video on YouTube reossuring people not to be ofroid
of joining the demonstrqtions ond thot the Ultros would be ot Tohrir
Squore ond ln the streets reody to protect the protesters ogoinst
the police ond security forces. These were no empty words. The
Ultros ore very well-orgqnized groups thot spreod their culture
through the Internet, songrs, ond groffiti. Their groffiti qrtists work in
disciplined teqms; nothing is pointed or written on q woll without
prior discussion ond opprovol by their leoders.
Gizo.
ry^ Rodo lslond, Coiro.
""t' Downtown, Coiro.
4, An Ultros groffiti o*ist in oction in lmbobo, Coiro
;;{i Moodi.
'h..1, Mounib, Coiro.
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Uliros Ahlowy,
Mounib, Coiro.
Coiro.
Ahly supporlers
in lmbobo.
Field Morshol
Tontowi wonts you,
Morghoni Bridge,
Heliopolis.
Ultros remember
the Port Soid Mossocre,
Minyo
The Joker, Ultros
White Knighis, Minyo.
"One notion, o third uprising," tJ
l(nights, Nosr Ciiy
Gizo
Minyo
Coiro.
"Just try to understond us Or clr, ,
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"You 0re tgyplion, roise your heodl" chonted jubllont pro-
testers ot Tohrir Squore when Muborok finolly left
power on I I Februory 201 1. Egiyptions ore by noture
o very proud people. But for mony decodes the helrs
of o glorious post felt they were of little importonce, to
the regime ond to the rest of the world. Egyption self-
esteem hod reoched rock bottom when the so-colled
Arob Spring knocked ot the door. The revolution
octed os o rebirth for the Egyption notion. in every
possible woy-through songs, poems, theoter, ond
groffiti-people expressed the pride of being free
ond new Egyptions.
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Downlown Coiro.
15 Moy Bridge, Coiro.
& .. Mohomed Mohmoud Sireet, Coiro.
7
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PAIilTERS
Shonly ofter lhe foll of Muborok o group of twenty five young students
in Nqsr City got together under the motto: "Pointing for o better-
looking Egypt." At first the group, who colled themselves Freedom
Pointers, hod no other gool thon to beoutify their neighborhood, but
in post-revolutionory Egypt it wos difficult to stoy owoy from politlcs,
ond the pointers stcrrted to odd slogons to their murols. "It wos oc-
tuolly forced on you, ofter the revoiution, to keep yourself informed
obout whot wos hoppening," soys Isro, on qrt student ond member
of Freedom Pointers.
A shored experience omong the young pointers wos the new
feeling of being "Egyption ond proud." "Before the revolution mony
young Egyptlons plonned to lecrve Egypt; they lelt there wos no hope
here, no future. But when Muborqk wos deposed, we felt Egypt wos
ours ogoin. It wos o rush of feellngs; we were willing to flght for
Egypt, even dle for our country."
It took o while before Isro ond her colleogues reolized thot the
removol of Muborok would not outomoticolly bring chonge to Egypt
ond thot the Freedom Pointers ore still needed ln the streets. "Our
messqge todoy must be: 'lt's not over yet. Don't let the regime turn
us ogoinst eoch other. Stoy togetherl"'
Egyption ond proud: lhe womon weors the Egyption stoie symbol, lhe
eogle, oround her neck, ond her eorring corries the symbol of unity
between Christions ond Muslims. Nosr City.
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Nosr City.
"Tohrir Squore, blood of the
moriyrs, 25 [JonuorY]," Nosr CitY'
f os the Christion cross, C os
the lslomic crescent, Nosr CitY
& Nosr CitY.
"Egypt" ond "The moriYr
Ahmed Bossiouni," who wos shot
deod by police on 28 JonuorY
20,1 l. Nosr City, Coiro.
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The Freedom Pointers logo,
Nosr City.
"Egyption," Nosr City.
Murol by Rufoido, Nosr City.
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to Coiro ond gove the city's groffiti o
Aloo Awod rome like o deserl wind
totolly new mecrning. Together with his ortist frlend ond colleogue
Ammor Abu Bokr, he took leove from teoching ori in Luxor ond went
to the copitcrl, where he put hls ortistry ond pcrssion for freedom into
groffiti murols thot people hod never seen before. Aloo Awod points
mlthiccrl stories of life ond deoth, populoted by gods, good ond evil
humons, lions, wolves, crnd other creotures entongled in o struggle
for survivol. "I'm not here becouse I'm q pointer; I come to support
the revolution. I hcrve no other tool. I con't stond up crnd give speeches. I
Art is my only weopon." Aloo ond his ortist colleogues hove turned I
severol streets neor Tohrir Squore into on open ort go1Iery, visited
by Egyptions who genercrllywould not set foot in on exhibition room.
"My messcrge to people is: Be steodfostl I've witnessed horrible thlngs I
while I've been pointlng in Coiro, lots of people hove been killed ond
lnjured, ond mdny ore ofroid to contlnue the fight for freedom. But if
we lecrve the bottle, if we retreot crnd glve up now, we wlll flnd our
selves belng oppressed ogoin. We hove to free the slove withln us
ond kill our recrdiness to be ruled by someone mlghty ond powerful."
1" Anubis, the socred dog, wolches his creotor, Aloo Awod, while he
prepores o murol on Yusif ol-Gindi Sireet, Downtown Coiro.
'l' The horse of freedom escopes her ottockers, detoil of o murol oi
Tohrir Squore.
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Struggle for survivol, murol ol Tohrir Squore.
A hidden correr on Mohonred Mol'rmoud Street,
Downtown Coiro
A pcrcrde of po iticcrl pr isore s T're wriling to the
righi soys: "On the clownfcrll of the regime: the regime
siill hos nol lollen Whol difference is there between
be{ore ond now ronel" Chonrpol ion Streei, Coiro
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proiesters in Tohrir Squcrre Chcrnrpolliorr Sltcr'1, ( r tttir
Detoils of o murol ot Tohrir Squorc
Aloo Awod's slim ond elongoled figutrrr, rr",,'ttrl)l(' llr(' wr)rl ol OLrr'lrrv
i l(limt. Here, Field Morshol Tontowi, itr o:,lrrrrrt lry Atttttt'rr Alrrr Ilitl'r, r"
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* the life thot l wlsh to see in Egypt, " sr ),: , r '. ' i
octors from the 50s ond 60s, {rom righl to lr:ll Al,,l ,rl l,rll,rlr ,rl (Jr,rr ,
Mory Mounib, Forid ol-A1rosh, ond locol cctlr' ,,'.r r,' l,rl ,1,
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Egyption Pulp Fiction, with octors Tcnvlr,l ,, Ir, ,l r 1rr,; rll ,rr,l i
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the world. Ammor's sources of inspiroiion ore the
mony expressions of ort thot he hos been oble
to explore in Luxor, where he 1lves, close to the
oncient Egypticrn temples ond tombs. Ammor
describes Luxor os o trecrsure trove of imoges "l{
you investigote o tomb, you will flnd loyers ol
groffltl {rom crll periods; people from mony differ
ent cultures hove put their mork on the wolls {or
thousonds of yecrrs: oncient Egyptions, Greeks,
Romons, Copts, Muslims, Nopoleon's ccrrtogro-
phers, British soldlers, up to todoy's tourists. I
respect oll the eiements in this pictoriol history
ond I tcrke it with me when I polnt my own murols.
By dolng thls, I olso wcrnt to send o messoge to
my fellow countrymen: Egypt is cr country of mony
cultures ond beliefs, not only one."
126
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Singer Suod Hosni: "Girls
ore /ike boys," Downtown Coiro
"Get o rgry," by 4SproyCcr rs
to honor lhe wonren otTohrir,
Zonrolel<
"Wonren ore divor ci rg SCAF,"
by Rodz, Downlowr Coiro
"Government, feor us!" by
l(eizer, Zonrolel<.
An Egyp'tion version of
Bonl<sy's forrous groffili of o girl
frisl<ing o soldier, Mohomed
Moh .lloud Street, Coiro
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"No louchirrg, crrslrcrlior r i: wcriling Ior you," Downlown Coiro.
"Doncing 1o llrc lrrrros ol llre revolulion, No to emergency lows,"
Downtown Crrircr
"The queen ol cyirlr;," M<;lrorned Mohmoud Streei, Coiro
Ninio suit lor [r:rrrcrl,, pri>lr:slers: o stencil before the onniversory
o{ the revolution, 25 Jrrnucrry 20 12, by Bosmo Homdy, Dokki.
"The girls o{ FclyJrl crrc o rt:cl line," Monsouro.
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Mony omozing things hoppened in Egypl during the elghteen doys of uprising
thcrt toppled the Muborok regime. Some of the most memoroble
moments in Tohrir Squcrre were those when Christlons ond Muslims
prcryed together {or the unlty ond strength to stoy stecrdfost crnd not
to give up until their joint ccrll, "We demond the removol oJ the
regime," hod been hecrrd. But the old tenslons between Egypt's two
moin religious communitles, thot come to o rest during the eorly
doys of the 25 lonucrry Revolutlon, keep surfoclng ond cousing feor
ond confuslon omong Egyptions, especiolly the Christion minority.
Mony of the groffiti ortists continue to crecrte stenclls ond polntlngs
reminding their fellow Egyptlons of the revolutlonory "Tohrir spirit, "
when crll cltlzens were brothers ond sisters, shoring the some
dr-oom of freedom-
149
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When the woll of feor wos finolly broken o new ond brove Egyptlon wos
born. Most of the protests durlng the uprlslng were peoceful, but the
outhorlties' response wos not: Eqpt lost mony of its most courcrgeous
men ond women in the revolution. At leost 840 people were kllled ond
oround 6,500 were lnjured during the eighteen doy uprising in eorly
20 I I. Thousonds were detcrined cmd mony tortured by the security forces
or the ormy. More victims were loter odded to these block numbers
in the closhes thot hove token picrce since the ousting of Muborok.
The mcrrtyrs ond heroes of the revolution ore not forgotten.
Thonks to the grolflti ortists, portroits of prominent octivists ond
fcrllen comrcrdes crre visibie o11 over Egypt. Most of the tlme o shohid,
or mortyr, ls commemoroted wlth the use of o stencil thot con eosily
be reproduced in unlimited numbers. Some of the most skillful grofflti
ortists hove turned pcrssport photogrophs-downlooded from the
Internet lnto huge woll portroits, o sort of street version of soints'
icons, reflecting the spirlt of the follen young womon or mon.
153
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"Tlrc Eloquent Voice of the Revolution," Yusri Foudo,
iournolist ond slounch odvocote of {reedom of expression,
by Anrmor Abu Bcrl<r, Mohomed Mohmoud Streei, Coiro
Activisi Ahmed Hororo: "Your silence is l<illing me," by
Nozeer, Moodi.
"Ahrned Hororo, the Eye of the Revolution " Hororo losl bolh
his eyes to the revolulion, lhe first on 2B Jonuory, ihe second
on I9 Novernber 2Ol l. Mugommo Building, Tohrir Squore
Hoson ol Boghdodi: "The revolution continues," Alexondrio.
"Roisc your heod high, you ore Egyption." Mohomed
Gcmol 'Mosri,' on octive porticipont in Tohrir sil-ins ond
nrernbcr of pro democrocy committees, who wos stobbed
lo deoth on 2l Jonuory 2012, Luxor.
156
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Mortyr Korim, victim of the Pori Soid Mossocre,
Roxy Squore, Heliopolis.
Mortyr Mohomed Gomol Selim, 28 yeors old, by
Nemo, Monsouro.
',1r'" Ahmed Hororo. "Will you see if I pluck your eyes
ond reploce them with two iewels? Do you see ihese
ore things thot con'l be bought?" Ouiside the Porlio-
ment, Coiro.
'\- . Mortyr Noser Foysol Ali, Sudon Street, lmbobo.
'.rr, "To those who socrificed iheir lives for the future of
the notion: o soluie of glory ond pride to the Mortyrs
of the 25 Jonuory Revolution," Suez.
I60
l([lATED $ALD
/i' On the Alexondrio Corniche, Kholed Soid oppeors olongside
o lisi of the nomes of his killers.
-tr Together with moriyr Romi ol-Shorqowi (right) Mugommo Kholed Soid wos nol on o(livisl or even the occosionol protester. He wos just
Building, Tohrir Squore, Coiro. on ordinory, middle-closs twenty eight-yeor-old lMng in Aiexondrio.
,r1 "Reiribution." The blue scribble soys: "Government of pimps,
Still, he wos brutolly beoten to deoth for reosons unknown by two
you bostords. Down with militory rule." Downiown Coiro.
-;a Soid meons 'hoppy'-here, mish hos been inserted in Kholed's police officers on o summer's night in 2010. The killing took ploce
nome, to reod: "Kholed is not Hoppy," Mohomed Mohmoud outside on Internet cofe, with severol young men witnessing the
Street, Coiro.
twenty-minute-long beoting ond Kholed's desperote pleos for mercy,
but people were too scored to intervene. Horrific photogrophs of
Kholed's bloody foce went vlrol through Egrypt's cyberspoce shortly
ofter he wos declored deod. But Khcrled wqs to be remembered by
crnother picture: o simple pcrssport shot of o sweet-looking young
mon, confident but o little bit shy in front of the comero. Every young
person in Egypt ond the rest of the world could eosily identify
with this portroit, ond Kholed become o symbol for o guy you would
hcrve loved to co1l your Irlend, your brother or your son.
Kholed's portroit wos stenciled ond pointed oll over Egypt's
wolls, from A-lexondrio to Luxor. Loter thot summer the Focebook
poge "We ore o11 Khcrled Soid" wos creoted. It would loter become
on importont tooi for orgonizing the protests thot elght months loter
brought down the Muborok regime.
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Toreq Abd ol-Lotif disoppeored on 28 Jonuory 2011 Omor Mohsen , ct 23-yeor old sludeni killed on 1 Februory
ond wos loter {ound deod in o Coiro morgue, tortured ond 2O12 al lhe Port Soid Mossocre, which lefi more thon 70 footboll
shoi in the heod Zomolel< fons deod ond hundreds iniured Zomolek.
I
Studenl Seif Alloh Muslofo, 16 yeors old, wos shoi on The portroil wos poinled over by o cleoning potrol from Coiro
2B Jonuory in Nosr Cily, Coiro. Neor Midon ol-lsoof, Coiro City Council
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Gonzeer is the untrowned king of Ccriro's street ort crctivists. He stcrrted his
groffiti coreer in Alexondrio, where he porticlpoted in o workshop
rD conducted by Ayo Tcrrek Gonzeer this groffitl ncrme meons
'bicyclechoin' dlscovered the politicol power of grofflti ot on eorly
ffi stoge. In Moy 2011 he took hls initlotive to the lirst "Mcrd Groffltl"
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I No one hod ever seen such o streel murol rn Coiro before: elghteen
huge portroits of mon crrid women, crll pcrinted in the
notion's colors c.r1 blcrck red-white, thot struck the
Egyptions wilh its rcrked truth ond moved mcrny to
teors The 1wclvc.. porlroits, eoch with one eye bond-
oged, repr<.:sr:nLr:d lhe victims of o week of deodly
closhcs ttrcrl took p1c-rce in lcrte November 201I between
crnti SCIAL- (SuJrt:rno Council of the Armed Forces)
proteslors c.rnil ri<>l police
In crll, 1or ly poople dled ond two thousond were
injured c1L-rrirrq lhese closhes olone Mony of the
wourclr>il wc-'rc sliot directly ln the ioce, which led
pcoplc lo oi:c:lt;r-. thc rlot pollce of 'eye hunting.'
Acc:or<1irri; 1o IrLrrncrn rrghts orgonizcrtions more thcrn
sixty pr,'r-,plc losl on eye in the uneven bott]e. A week
crftcr llrc clrr;ircr; Ammcrr Abu Bokr crrrived in Coiro
ond bcl1crrr ;rcrinling the murol. Ammor chose o woll
on Muhc-rrrrrncrcl Mcrhmud Street where people hod
losl thoir <;ycs crnd mony others, thelr 1lves.
"Tlrr: rLrucrl is rny woy of scrying: 'Nol I reject the
oction:; ol tlr<: SCAF ond the pollce.'And when you
respecI cr ploc-c,., like this street, where people hove
fought crnd clicd lor lhe revolution, you wcrni to be pcrrt
of it, ond to lc-.11 llro lost of the world 'l wos here."'
Two boys honor the protesters who were shot in the eyes,
Mohomed Mohmoud Street, Coiro
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l \ Mcssoges in seve'c oye s: tre crrlisl irc ucled o cJ grcrffit stenci s lil<e thc tlrrcc nron<eys or tho
topirtolhenewpcriniings,ondvrsitorslcthe rurcrl cdclecl thei-owrwriti rgorthewriteeye polcles
ry Tire wol cor-ied eig rteer fcces of those iniu ed during ihe prolests, bu1 llre ecrl nur.nber of lhose
who losl their eyes during llre closhes in Novenrber 201I wos more thon sixly Thc nrurol wcrs whilc
wcshed by the outhorilics iusl before 25 Jcrnuory 2Ol2,Iie onniversory of the revolution.
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Stencil of one of the Qcrsr ol-Nil Bridge lions, o syn bol of Egypt, wilh on
eye pctch.
"Ho, ho, I con see," soys the scribbling on the eye potch.
"The Interior Ministry ore thugs," "Tl're Uilros ore not criminols "
"Fucl< the officer ond ihe Field AAorshol "
On the eye-pctch: "Ultros in Tohrir, fucl< you Field Morshcrl " On the left,
o Wonted posler for Homdi Bodeen, ihe chief of rrilitory police
On her foreheod: "Disgroce "
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' A mother holds o porlroit o{ ihe son she lost in ihe Port Soid footboll mossocre.
Following poges: Shortly before ihe presidentiol elections in Moy 2012 the orlists returned
to ihe woll ond odded portroits of the mortyrs' mothers ond the following sorcostic messoge,
dressed in beoutiful colligrophy: "Forget whot hos possed ond focus on ihe elections."
tRANStAti[r$t{$
Poge 1:
"The drecrm ccrrne bock, wlthout wcrrnlng
It Ilooded crs the NlLe us-^d to Ilood, crnd the iron shcrckle broke
The pcrtlence crnd ihe silence of the people ctre explcrined.
Ttre curtcrins of the night crre torn, crllowlng the stors to be seen in
brood dcryllglit
It exposed the shomelessness ond r,vhoredom, crll ot o prlce
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The mortyrs of the hornelond crt'e the dowry Ior the bride of th-^ Nrle, ""1,'r' t'
So she will put on her dress, ond the ecrrrings wrll suit her,
And she will soy fcrrewell to her miselies "
the bride's eorring beors the word "Freedom."
PcrEe 9:
"Close your eyes oncl dcrnce .
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Poge 122:
''The problem's not thot the truth is horsh but thcrt liberotlon
from rgnoronce is os pcrinful os beingr born Run crfter truth
uniil you're brecrthless. Accept the pcrin involved in re-creoting
yourse Lf crfresh. These ldecrs wlll toke o 1lle to comprehend, o
hcrrd one lnlerspersed wlth moments cf curfew.''
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from Pc/crce o-[Desrre by Ncrguib MohJouz, wlth the
finol rnord chcrnged: Lhe ollgincrl reods: ". .lnterspersed
wiih dnrnken moments."
ers ond oul grecrt rnvarr, so ihey 1--d us oslrcry {rom the poth; wcrs forcibly stripped crnd tested
O our Lorcl! give them c double punlshment ond curse them for vlrginity in front of ormy olficers
with cr greot cllrse " ond soidlers, but she refr-rsed io
Qur'on 33: 67 68 glve up her dignity, ond brought cr
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(Shokir tronslcrtion) ccrse beJore the Egyptlon judiciory:
no intere st, no crowds, no medio,
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nobody listened. Alioo Elmohdy,
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20 yeors old, stripped ond reveoled
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her body entirely o{ her own wili.
Crowds crnd medlo swormed obout
her: crround 3 million seeing'her pic
ture, crnd not less thon fifty crrtlcles
ond numerous television progroms."
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