SPOKEN

JAPANESE
BASICS: LA1210
(LESSON 5)
LESSON 5
: PRESENT & FUTURE TENSES
1. Grammar
2. Conversation
3. New vocabulary
4. Let’s practice!!!
5. Extra Study

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 GRAMMAR 1
PRESENT & FUTURE TENSES
• The masu form of a verb shows present and
future positive tenses
e. g. Mai-nichi hon o yomi-masu. I read books every day.
Eega o mi-masu. I will see a movie.
Ashita nani o kai-masu ka? What are you going to buy tomorrow?

• The masen form of a verb shows present and

future negative tenses
e. g. Shinbun o yomi-masen. I don't read newspapers.
Kon-ban terebi o mi-masen. I won't watch TV this evening.
Ashita hon o yomi-masen. I'm not going to read books tomorrow.

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 GRAMMAR 2
PARTICLE O
• The particle “o” is placed after the direct object
of the verb. In Japanese sentence, the word
preceding particle “o” is the direct object.
e.g. A: Ashita nani o shi-masu ka? : What are you going to do tomorrow?
B: Nihon-go no hon o yomi-masu. : I'm going to read a Japanese book.

• Particle “mo” is placed instead of “o” when it

shows inclusion.
e.g. A: Hon o yomi-masu ka? Do you read books?
B: Hai, yomi-masu. Yes, I do.
A: Zasshi mo yomi-masu ka? Do you read magazines, too?
B: lie, yomi-masen. No, I don' t.

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 CONVERSATION(1/2)
Ravi : Kyoo wa moo kin-yoobi desu ne. Today is already Friday, isn't it?
Seeko : *Soo desu ne. Yes, it is.
Kon-ban nani o shi-masu ka ? What are you going to do this evening?
Ravi : eega o mi-masu I am going to see a movie.
Seeko : *Nani o mi-masu ka? What are you going to see?
Ravi : Nihon no eega *desu. A Japanese movie.
: Seeko-san wa? How about you, Seeko?
Seeko : Watashi wa hon o yomi-masu. I am going to read a book.
Ravi : Nani o yomi-masu ka ? What are you going to read?
Seeko : Ee-go no hon desu An English(language) book.
Ravi : Seeko-san wa yoku hon o yomi-masu ka? Do you often read books?
Seeko : Hai, yomi-masu yo. Yes, I do(lit. read).

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 CONVERSATION(2/2)
Seeko : Ravi-san wa ashita nani o shi-masu ka? What will you do tomorrow?
Ravi : Hon o kai-masu. I’m going to buy a book.
Seeko : Zasshi mo kai-masu ka? Are you going to buy a magazine, too?
Ravi : lie, kai-masen. No I won’t buy.
Seeko-san wa? How about you, Seeko?
Seeko : Watashi wa ongaku o kiki-masu. I’m going to listen to music.
Ravi : Nani o kiki-masu ka? What are you going to listen to?
Seeko : Jazu desu. Jazz.
Ravi : Rokku mo kiki-masu ka? Are you going to listen to rock music, too?
Seeko : lie, kiki-masen. No, I won’t listen.

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NEW VOCABULARY
moo : already
Soo desu ne : Yes, that’s so.
kon-ban : this evening, tonight
nani : what
o : an object marker
shi-masu : do(es), will do (present future positive)
eega : movie, film
mi-masu : see(s), will see, watch, will watch(present future positive)
Nihon no : Japanese
desu : a substitute for verbs
yomi-masu : read(s), will read(present future positive)
yoku : often
ashita : tomorrow
kai-masu : buy(s), will buy(present future positive)
zasshi : magazine
ongaku : music
kiki-masu : listen(s), will 1isten (present future positive)
jazu : jazz
rokku : rock music
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 EXPLANATION
NAN & NANI
• The interrogatives “nan” & “nani” have exactly the same
meaning “what”.
• Generally, “nan” is used before “desu” and “nani” is
used before “o”.
e.g. A: Kore wa nan desu ka? What is this?
B: Nani o mi-masu ka? What are you going to see?

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EXERCISE 1

shi-masu mi-masu yomi-masu kai-masu kiki-masu

shi-masen mi-masen yomi-masen kai-masen kiki-masen

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EXERCISE 2
(1) Watashi wa eega o mi-masu.
Terebi
e* painting*
kuriketto* Cricket*
tenisu* tennis*
(2) Anata wa kono hon o yomi-masu ka? (5) Kyoo anata wa nani o shi-masu ka?
sono zasshi kon-ban
Ee-go no hon ashita
shinbun kyoo no gogo* this afternoon*
shoosetsu* novel* rai-shuu* next week*
(3) Kare wa kasa o kai-masu ka?
baggu
miruku
pan* bread*
tokee
(4) Watashi-tachi wa ongaku o kiki-masu
rajio
rokku
jazu
kurashikku* classical music*
shi idii* C.D.* 10
 EXERCISE 3

① wa o -masu.

TOMU

Rock Jazz

② wa o -masu.

RAVI

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 EXERCISE 4

③ wa o -masu.
SEEKO

④ wa o -masu.
YOSHIO

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 EXERCISE 5

⑤ wa o -masu.
KAZUO

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 LET’S PRACTICE
TALK ABOUT YOUR HABIT OR PLAN
Watashi wa … o shi-masu. (Habit)
Ashita watashi wa … o shi-masu. (Future Plan)

Gitaa Ryoori Undoo

Suiee

Gorufu yoga Dansu

Jyogingu

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ROLE PLAY
1. Make a group of 2 people.
A: “Hajimemashite.
Watashi no namae wa 1. Your name desu.
Watashi wa 2. Your occupation desu.

B: “Anata wa 4. Any activities o shi-masu ka?”

A “Hai, shi-masu.” / “Iie, shi-masen.”

B: “Soo desu ka. Yoroshiku onegai shi-masu”

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WHAT’S THE DATE TODAY?
KYOO WA NAN NICHI DESU KA?
August 2021

tsuitachi hutsuka mikka yokka itsuka muika nanoka

yooka kokonoka toooka juu-ichi juu-ni juu-san juu-yon

-nichi -nichi -nichi -nichi *

juu-go juu-roku juu-nana juu-hachi juu-ku ni-juu ni-juu-ichi

-nichi -nichi -nichi * -nichi -nichi -nichi -nichi

ni-juu-ni ni-juu-san ni-juu-yon ni-juu-go ni-juu ni-juu ni-juu

-nichi -roku -nana -hachi
-nichi -nichi * -nichi
-nichi -nichi * -nichi
san-juu
ni-juu-ku san-juu -ichi
-nichi -nichi -nichi
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EXTRA STUDY
SUMOO (SUMO WRESTLING )
• Sumoo is the national sports and very popular. It has a long
history, originating in the 5th century.
• The sumoo wrestler tries to push his opponent down or out of a
ring which is 4.55 meters in diameter.
• The wrestlers are barehanded and wear only a “mawashi” which
is a long belt around the loin.
• The heaviest wrestler may weigh as much as 250kg.

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 SUMO HISTORY
• YOKOZUNA
• The highest rank of the sumo wrestler
• the late 1990s
• Akebono (Hawaiian sumo wrestler
-> naturalized Japanese)
• Wakanohana & Takanohana brothers
• Musashimaru(Hawaiian sumo wrestler Waka & Taka brothers
- > naturalized Japanese)
• Early 2000s
• Golden Age of Mongolian sumo wrestler
• Asashoryu, Hakuhoo, Harumafuji, Kakuryuu
• 2017
• Kisenosato (Japanese sumo wrestler)
became Yokozuna after 19 years
• 2021
• Terunofuji (Mongolian sumo wrestler)

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14 REPRESENTATIVE WORDS
Group 1
1 kau kai-masu kawa-nai katte
2 suwaru suwari-masu suwara-nai suwatte
3 uru uri-masu ura-nai utte
4 noru nori-masu nora-nai notte
5 matsu machi-masu mata-nai matte
6 kiku kiki-masu kika-nai kiite
7 hanasu hanashi-masu hanasa-nai hanashite
8 asobu asobi-masu asoba-nai asonde
9 yomu yomi-masu yoma-nai yonde
10 oyogu oyogi-masu oyoga-nai oyoide
Group 2
11 miru mi-masu mi-nai mite
12 taberu tabe-masu tabe-nai tabete
Group 3
13 kuru ki-masu ko-nai kite
14 suru shi-masu shi-nai shite