GELILA INTERNATIONAL

SEMINARY
Bible College

Student’s Name: Zerihun Paulos

Submitted to: Prof. Samuel

October 9, 2022
1. There are many definitions of scientific research, including that it represents a systematic
method that follows many successive steps that start from problem knowledge and analysis,
collecting and documenting data to derive a range of solutions arising from the analysis.
Moreover, comparison and statistics. It is also a systematic and systematic investigation to
validate facts, or establish new facts if scientific methods and methods are followed during
scientific research, reporting and results. Others see that scientific research is a systematic study
designed to meet the lack of knowledge, to compile and link things and concepts spread or mixed
in understanding or application, or to achieve new scientific knowledge derived from the
procedures and results of scientific research.
The objectives of scientific research

The objectives of scientific research vary according to its type and the nature of the result it will
reach.

The most important objectives of scientific research are:

1- Access to new facts: Using systematic thinking, analyzing phenomena and problems and
seeking solutions to them, based on reliable facts, allows us to draw new facts and
recommendations.
2- Scientific Description: The analysis of a phenomenon and trace its basis and refute its
causes and analyze its symptoms to reach the exact scientific description of it, by
completing the parts of scientific research and analysis of the problem or hypothesis and
its components and their apparent and hidden implications and to reach an objective
description, including guidance for optimal solutions.
3- Forecasting the future: It is a prediction based on scientific evidence, documented
methodology and consecutive logical steps, all of which will ensure access to future
knowledge as close to the truth with the right scientific research.
4- Provide logical solutions to problems: The subject of scientific research revolves around
an intractable problem, the researcher resorted to refute it and solve it through scientific
research and put forward hypotheses, observation, measurement, and others, but it is
finally able to put forward a number of solutions supported by scientific evidence, and
field experiments confirmed their feasibility and validity.

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 Gelila International Seminary Bible College assignment on the course Research Methodology

5- Innovation and Renewal: If you look at inventions and high-quality products, you will
find that they are designed according to ideal standards resulting from a huge number of
research and experiments, based on research on new facts, information and experiences
will allow the researcher to reach new and innovative results based on the latest facts and
research.
2. Research is classified in various categories including applicability, the mode of enquiry in
conducting the study, and major objectives of the study.

1. Basic research: is pure or fundamental research; there is no immediate need, but new
theories can be added to the knowledge cluster.
2. Applied research: tries to solve an immediate specific problem faced by industry or
society.
3. Descriptive research: is generally used in business analysis or social problems. It just
tries to represent or analyze the previous and or current facts.
4. Analytical research: uses existing information to explain a complex phenomenon or
to perform a critical evaluation. The identified hypothesis can be accepted or rejected
depending on the analysis; from experience the hypothesis can be redefined.
5. Correlational research: focuses on exploring the relationship or association between
incidences, variables, and so on.
6. Qualitative research: mainly deals with the quality or the types of the parameters
considered for the research. Here, it is assumed that the world is unstable and
differences in the parameter may occur with time.
7. Quantitative research: involves measurements of quantities of characteristics that can
be used as features for the research study. Unlike qualitative research quantitative
research assumes that world is stable and uses statistical analysis on parameter values
for conclusion.
8. Experimental research: focuses on the fieldwork and experiments that can control the
independent variable.
9. Explanatory research: tries to analyze and justify the reason behind the occurrence of
particular phenomenon or association between the variables.
10. Exploratory Research: generally explores the areas that have required meagre attention
or it is for checking the possibility of research in the particular domain or area.
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 Gelila International Seminary Bible College assignment on the course Research Methodology

3. Efficient and well-planned activities always see success. Therefore, one need to efficiently
plan a research activity, execute it meticulously, and publish it for outside world.

1. Selection of domain/area of research: is the very first step in the process of

research. There are different purposes behind undertaking particular research. If it is
getting the degree, there is a high possibility to select the domain of the research
guide or the guide may suggest selection of the particular domain.
2. Formulating a Research Problem (Tentative) and Identification of Keywords:
For an in-depth literature survey researcher has to first define tentative research
problem definition and identify the related keywords for literature search.

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 Gelila International Seminary Bible College assignment on the course Research Methodology

3. The literature survey: is a comprehensive study of technical and authorized

content related to research keywords. It is very important step in the initial phase of
research, however, this step is revisited by researcher number of times during
research journey. Literature survey provide details of research progress of particular
domain.
4. Redefining Research Problem, Objectives (Final) and Outcomes/Formulating
Hypothesis: Problem definitions should be unambiguous, clear statement that states
the major objective of the research. There should be generally three to six sub
objectives defined for research work.
5. Research Proposal: Researchers should able to convince people for selected topic
and objectives through the research proposal. It is very important document that is
reviewed by different committees. In industry proposal needs to be written for
approval of top management, finance and marketing department.
6. Identifying Variable/Parameters and Research Design: The variable is basic
quality or attribute that differs in value under different circumstances. The researcher
should identify all related variables or parameters. Parameters can be identified
during literature survey and it may vary depending on the proposed hypothesis.
7. Data Collection and Representation: Data can be either directly collected afresh
known as primary data or already collected and used data is known as secondary
data. Secondary data is already considered by researchers to test the hypothesis.
Most of the times in experimental research data is collected afresh to test the
methodologies, hypothesis or algorithms.
8. Testing of Proposed Design on collected data/Hypothesis Testing: Researcher
defines the hypothesis and he/she needs to test that hypothesis to prove or disprove.
This section focus on hypothesis testing. Hypothesis testing is expressed as either a
null hypothesis or alternative hypothesis.
9. Results and Analysis: The result is an important section of the research. If the topic
is totally new then one cannot compare his/her results with existing. Here, the
hypothesis should be tested with multiple approaches and that results can be
compared. If already some scientists worked on methodologies or the topic it is

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 Gelila International Seminary Bible College assignment on the course Research Methodology

important to compare your results with the existing state of the art results from the
literature.
10. Research Report Writing: There are different purposes for writing the research
report. The research report is a medium to convey research outcomes, contributions,
findings and results to the outside world. It decides the quality of your research
work. Without approval of experts in domain, the research is incomplete. Publication
of research in open, referred international journal is very important aspect of the
research.
4. Background research is an important part to undertake the research in the area of interest. The
study of background research is useful in order to know what approach or methodology the other
researchers have used for their research study. Background research is necessary in order to
know how to design and understand the research topic. When devising a background research
plan, you have to ask yourself a number of questions Such as
• Why you need to pursue research in the selected area?

• How are you going to pursue the research?

• What are the constraints of pursuing the research?

• Which laboratory is to be used for experimentation?

• Is the topic latest or demanding?

• Which is the best method for the experimentation?

• What are the limitations of existing technique?

• Is the research topic feasible?

• Does the research/problem statement have substantial research component?

• Is there any social use for the selected topic?

• Does it harm the society?

Additionally, background research helps you to understand the subject and the nature of your
research topic.

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 Gelila International Seminary Bible College assignment on the course Research Methodology

5. Scientific papers are most looked upon by the research community for understanding the
concepts and contributions. However, it is difficult to understand scientific research paper at
once. Some scholars are reading scientific papers as a text book.
A scientific paper helps to understand the following things:

• What has already been discovered in research domain?

• What questions remain unanswered?

• How the experiments are conducted?

• What is the time duration to conduct that experiment?

• Which tools/equipment’s needed to conduct the experiment?

• Details about how to perform the experiments?

6. The central interest of literature survey is always on the theories put together by the
recognized experts in the research domain/field. It also includes the data collected from the
different experts, who have already worked on the same research topic. A literature review will
try to find the existing research, which is already done in the selected research domain. It should
review the important scholarly books in the relevant area. But, reading only scholarly books is
not sufficient, one should take a keen interest in journals articles. Journal articles give you more
updated information about the research subject.
7. Research proposal formats generally include the following sections: Introduction (Proposed
Topic of Research/Rational and Significance of the Study), Literature Survey (Background of the
Proposed Research/Study of Research Work Done in the Area and Need for More Research),
Motivation, Research Statement, Objectives of the Research Proposed, Probable
Methodologies/Techniques to be Used, Expected Outcome(s) (the kinds of conclusions expected
and their possible value), Plan of Research Work, References/Bibliography.
Research proposal is mandatory document to be submitted to the university or research
organization during the registration for a PhD degree. It can also be written to avail the funding
from different agencies. Every agency generally has its own research proposal format.

8. A problem statement is actually a challenge based on the limitations, which a Researcher

identifies in context of a practical or theoretical situation and wants to find a solution for the

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 Gelila International Seminary Bible College assignment on the course Research Methodology

same. To define a research problem, a researcher must know the limitations/weaknesses in the
selected research subject. The research problem can be defined for an individual or a group of
persons. Technical description of a problem, which the individual or a group of people faces, is
called as a research problem.
A research problem is one which requires a researcher to perform number of experimentation in
order to find out the best possible solution for the desired problem. It means that, the researcher
has to find out by which methods (alternatives) the outcome/objective can be attained with
optimum performance in the context of a given environment.

9. The problem statement should have the following characteristics:

• The problem statement should be based on factual evidence
• The problem statement should be meaningful and testable
• It should be relevant and meaningful
• It should reflect the need for the society
• The problem statement should include research component
• The problem specified in the problem statement should be solvable, achievable and measurable

10. Method Used in Defining the Problem

The research is to define the problem within the boundaries within which it is to be
studied. The research problem is defined with the predetermined objectives in mind. It is a
complex task to define the research problem which must be tackled intelligently, to avoid the
difficulties encountered in research operation.
Generally, the approach used to define the research problem is that the researcher should
himself generate a question for the research subject. In some cases, someone else wants the
researcher to carry on the research, it may be the concerned individual or an organization or an
authority to pose a question to the researcher for defining the research problem. But this
approach does not produce the definite results because the question phrased/posed in this fashion
is generally in broad general terms and it may not be in a form suitable for testing. As discussed
earlier, defining the research problem is a crucial part of the research study and it takes time for
defining the research problem. One should think calmly before deciding each and every word in
the research problem, after considering all the dimensions of the research problem. A systematic
definition of problem is very important after considering weightages to all the related points.

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 Gelila International Seminary Bible College assignment on the course Research Methodology

Following points need to be considered for defining the research problem:

• Available literature need to be studied

• Nature of the problem need to be studied
• An idea is generated after the discussion with colleagues, friends, seniors and experts in
the research subject
• The research problem need to be rephrased into a working proposition For all the above
points, a brief description needs to be written.
Important steps for the method involved in defining the problem statement:
• Initially, the problem is written in a broad general way. This is done due to the practical
feasibility or due to some intellectual/scientific interest
• The researcher should think thoroughly before posing the research problem
• If the research topic, is related to the social research, then, it is better to do some field
observation. For this purpose, the researcher should do some preliminary survey. It is also called
as the pilot survey.
• Next, the researcher should take advice from the supervisor/guide or the subject expert
in accomplishing this task.
• If the researcher is working in some research institute or organization, then he can take
help of the expert from the research institute or organization for stating the problem statement
• If the problem contains some ambiguities information, then it should be resolved by
thinking over the problem again and again, with the cool and calm mind
• While rethinking about the problem, the feasibility about the particular solution has
been considered. Feasibility and available resources should be taken in mind while stating the
problem
In defining the problem, one has to understand its nature and origin clearly. For this
purpose, we need to discuss it with the people, who first raised it. The discussion gives the idea
about how the problem originally came and what objectives/outcomes expected from the
research. Even though the problem is stated by the researcher himself, he has to consider all the
possibilities concerning the problem statement. For understanding the nature of the problem, he
must discuss the problem with the experts, who has a good knowledge of the problem concerned.
The researcher has also to find out the other similar problems related to the research subject. The

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 Gelila International Seminary Bible College assignment on the course Research Methodology

environment also plays very important role, in deciding the problem. The environment affects
the problem to be studied in different situations.

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