Chillers
Chillers
Chillers
ABSTRACT:
This report focuses on chillers, its types, and their technical comparative analysis. The main
function of a chiller is to remove the unwanted heat and the method of doing so varies from
type to type. This report discusses all these types in detail covering all the aspects. It also
discusses a detailed list of the leading manufacturers of different kinds of chillers along with
the relevant product ranges, location of the company as well as the specialties or the services
offered by the respective manufacturer etc. It also gives a detailed insight of the chiller
control mechanisms. This report also tells us about the software tools that are provided for the
selection of different types of chillers as per requirements. It also tells the readers about the
chillers installed at various locations like hospitals, offices, hotels, shopping malls, industries
etc. and how are they installed. The report then focuses on the issues related with the
maintenance of chillers and the proposed solutions for trouble shooting.
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1. INTRODUCTION:
2. TYPES OF CHILLERS:
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Refrigeration compressors are basically a pump for refrigerant gas throughout the cooling
system. The chiller cooling capacity, which is the compressor's capacity, is estimated in
kilowatts input (kW), Horsepower (HP), or volumetric stream (m3/h, ft3/h). The compressors
used to compress the refrigerant vary. They can be either Hermetic (welded shut) or semi-
hermetic (joined together). Now and then compressor chillers are attached with refrigerated
air dryers to dispose of harmful to moisture in the chilled air.
Advantages:
a) Water-cooled chillers are more efficient than air-cooled chillers.
b) Have a quieter operation than air-cooled system.
c) Suitable for small-scale as well as commercial-scale cooling.
d) Portable chillers are available for facilities with space limitations.
Disadvantages:
a) Water-cooled chillers have a high installation and maintenance cost due to the
additional cooling water source, pump, and tanks.
b) Not suitable for locations with water restriction or shortage because they require a
constant water supply to do the job.
c) Require time to time condenser water treatment to prevent the mineral deposition in
the system.
These chillers are suitable for the environment where the heat dissipated into the air is not a
big issue, as the heat released by these systems is quite large..
Advantages:
a) Portable chillers are available for facilities with space limitations.
b) Available for small-scale as well as commercial-scale cooling depending on size or
chiller capacity.
c) Their maintenance and installation cost are less.
d) The heat released from these chillers can be used to warm the area during cold
periods, providing power savings.
Disadvantages:
a) Air-cooled chillers are noisy due to additionally installed cooling fans.
b) Their overall life span is less than the Water-cooled chillers.
c) Air cooled chillers can suffer from damage, blockages and re-circulation issues.
rotating impellers, which compress the refrigerant and recirculate it around the cooling
system.
The heat source is sometimes the heat released by another system or machine, for energy-
effectiveness. Absorption chillers do likewise require a lot bigger cooling towers than
compression chillers. Nonetheless, absorption chillers are more energy productive,
particularly when cheap, second rate or waste heat is accessible. Solar energy has even been
utilized to work absorption chillers in radiant environments. They are normally joined with
mechanical chillers.
Impellors impellors to
compress the
refrigerant
and force it
around the
chiller
Capacity Capacity Capacity Capacity Capacity is Capacity
Control control control controlled controlled controlled
through through via via speed via amount
speed control compressor momentarily control or of heat
and vane staging or separating slider entering
guides cylinder scrolls with
unloading and solenoid
speed control valve and
electronic
modulation
Features Work best at Use a piston Use two Uses two Use heat to
full loading, and chamber spiral plates interlocking drive the
VFD can be to compress to compress rotating refrigeratio
fitted to refrigerant the helical n process,
improve part refrigerant, rotors to usually
load one fixed in compress steam or hot
place, one the water.
rotates. refrigerant Typically
combined
with
mechanical
chillers
WEBSITE http://www.eijazsons.com/
PRODUCTS Chillers
Ventilation machines
Cooling liquid chillers
i-FOCS Chiller
i-NRG Heat pump
SERVICES/SPECIALITIES Prime mechanical HVAC contractor in
Pakistan
Design of HVAC system
Supply of HVAC system
Sales of HVAC system
Installation of HVAC system
HVAC diagnostic air test and balance
Certified air test and balance
Thermal comfort
Heat gain/loss analysis
KEY COMPONENTS i-NRG Heat pump
LOCATION
Lahore
WEBSITE http://www.crescentcorporation.com.pk/
PRODUCTS Chillers
SERVICES/SPECIALITIES Abrupt growth of HVAC/R market
KEY COMPONENTS NO INFORMATION AVAILABLE
FAKHRI BROTHERS
Established in 1974
LOCATION Lahore
Islamabad
WEBSITE https://www.sabro.com.pk
PRODUCTS Chillers
Self-contained units
Menagerie of customized HVAC
products
SERVICES/SPECIALITIES Pioneer of HVAC manufacturing in
Pakistan
CE/EC marked company
KEY COMPONENTS NO INFORMATION AVAILABLE
NUCON ENGINEERS
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WEBSITE http://nucon.com.pk/
PRODUCTS Absorption chillers
Air cooled liquid chillers
Centrifugal chillers
Air handling units
Condensing units
Fan coil controls
Heat exchangers
Pumps
A.H. INTERNATIONAL
Established in 1944
MECATECH PVT.LTD.
Established in 1990
LOCATION Lahore
WEBSITE https://mecatech.com.pk/
PRODUCTS UNTES
PANASONIC
KLIMALLCO
RYOWO
POWER LINK
TACO
LOREN COOK
DEVATEC
AIREDALE
GENIUS
Absorption chiller
Hot water Absorption chiller
Steam fired Absorption chiller
Gas fired modular chiller unit with built
in cooling tower
Provide quality chillers
Water chillers
Water cooled Water chillers
Air cooled packaged units
Air cooled water chillers
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ELMEC International
LOCATION Lahore
WEBSITE https://elmec.com.pk/
PRODUCTS Carrier air cooled reciprocating chiller
Ducted split unit
PETAL ENGINEERING
Established in 1989
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COOL TRADE
LOCATION Rawalpindi
Lahore
Karachi
Islamabad
WEBSITE http://www.mgheng.com/
PRODUCTS Absorption type water cooled chillers
Packaged type Water chillers of 165
USRT
Air cooled chilled 100 USRT
250 USRT hot water absorption chiller
50 USRT absorption chiller
Self-contained package type units 350
USRT
500-USRT Chiller
200-USRT water chiller
Cooling tower
Chillers AHU CRACS
Ducting works
VRF system
SERVICES/SPECIALITIES Committed to provide high quality
services in the field of HVAC
KEY COMPONENTS Air coil units
Fan coil units
Ducting
HEPA filters
Compressor
Condenser
Expansion unit
The refrigerant at that point flows to a compressor, which plays out different capacities. In
the first place, it eliminates refrigerant from the evaporator and guarantees that the pressing
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factor in the evaporator stays adequately low to absorb heat at the right rate. Second, it brings
the pressing factor up in active refrigerant vapor to guarantee that its temperature stays
sufficiently high to deliver heat when it arrives at the condenser. The refrigerant returns to a
fluid state at the condenser. The latent heat surrendered as the refrigerant changes from vapor
to fluid is diverted from the climate by a cooling medium (air or water).
1
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DAIKIN
Our chillers are engineered with driving innovations to give energy
proficient cycle and solace cooling and warming that you can rely on.
DAIKIN 3D APP
DAIKIN 3D is the application focused on clients and expert installers, permitting you to pick
the cooling and watch it at home before you purchase
Figure 5: 3D App.
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Daikin Psychrometric Diagram Viewer is used to help all experts and understudies associated
with cooling, knowing the properties of the air that we process.
QR Code Scanner
Scan the QR code which is situated on the nameplate of your Daikin unit and get fast
admittance to pertinent unit data and administrations.
6.2. THOMASNET:
Software Tools
Software Developement
tools
Manufacturing
Company Thomasnet Tool Vendring Software
Tool Management
Software
Machine Tool
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clamping cartridges are also offered. Suitable for medical, defense and agricultural
applications. Also services the automotive, aerospace, stone fabricating, and other industries.
This section contains a list of popular issues and solutions for various chillers and chiller
systems. Many problems are simple to solve if you know what caused them in the first place.
So basically, there are many solutions that may help to avoid these problems. These solutions
are given below.
The run and power lights must be on for unit to operate. Check for loose connection
and control circuit power to controller.
Determine cause of motor overload. Depress manual reset button.
Turn switch to “ON” position. For dedicated system the icemaker should be on before
the compressor starts.
Oil Leakage.
Oil reservoir full indicating need for maintenance.
Plugged or stopped up oil strainer.
Low oil level in crankcase.
Defective compressor oil pump.
The solution that may help to avoid these causes are:
Check all areas around system for signs of oil leakage. Repair leak and recharge
system with oil.
Misalignment.
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To ensure proper refrigerant feed to the chiller, check that the discharge and suction pressures
on the gauges are right and stable before starting.
1. Weekly Observations:
Check the compressor's oil level.
Check for signs of oil leakage.
Ensure that the refrigerant liquid level in the receiver or during pump down is correct
and has not changed.
Examine the receiver.
Look for signs of refrigerant failure in the valve packings and relief valve.
While operating, check for a 20-30% refrigerant level in the receiver.
At least once every week, inspect the device.
The following items are included in a visual inspection but are not limited to:
Leaks
Vibration of piping on other components
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Examine the frame, water, pans, columns, and headers for signs of discoloration.
If appropriate, clean the areas with citric acid and a non-abrasive cleaning pad.
After washing, rinse with fresh water.
8. CONCLUSION:
In conclusion, it can be said that the method through which the heat is removed with the help
of a chiller classifies it into different categories. These types can be used for different
purposes and according to the requirements. The application of a specific type of chiller
depends upon the place of application as well as the required work output. We can use
different chiller selection tools to choose the best suitable option according to our need.
Moreover, there are number of leading manufacturers in Pakistan that provide us with the
various kinds of chillers and some of them also give us the option of giving the required
design specifications and get the desired chiller ready. We can also do trouble shooting for
the maintenance of the selected type of chiller. All these points have been discussed in detail
in this report.
Reference:
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https://www.thomasnet.com/articles/machinery-tools-supplies/types-of-chillers/
https://www.waterchillers.com/blog/post/types-of-chiller-system-unit
https://theengineeringmindset.com/chiller-types-and-application-guide/
https://blog.goldstonehvacr.com/insight/top-hvac-manufacturers-in-pakistan/
https://www.machinegrab.pk/blog/top-companies-that-provide-the-best-chillers-in-pakistan
http://www.petal.com.pk/
https://hitech-machinery.com/hc-industrial-chiller/
http://alwajid.pk/cooling_tower/
http://nucon.com.pk/industrial-process-cooling/
https://www.ahworld.com.pk/Welcome/
http://www.cooltrade.pk/
http://www.mgheng.com/
https://elmec.com.pk/
https://mecatech.com.pk/
https://www.dcairfilters.com/
http://nucon.com.pk/
https://www.sabro.com.pk
http://www.crescentcorporation.com.pk/
https://www.daikin.eu/en_us/product-group/chillers.html
https://www.thermalcare.com/how-does-a-chiller-work/
https://www.waterchillers.com/blog/post/how-does-a-chiller-work
https://northslopechillers.com/blog/how-chiller-systems-work/
https://www.daikin.eu/en_us/customers/support.html
https://www.thomasnet.com/profile/20002580/carrier-corporation.html
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https://www.thomasnet.com/productmatches.html?
cov=NA&what=Software+tools+for+chiller+selection&family_id=157608
https://www.thomasnet.com/search.html?
cov=NA&searchsource=All&searchterm=Software+tools+for+chiller+selection&searchx=tru
e&what=Software+tools+for+chiller+selection
https://vogtice.com/wp-content/uploads/Chiller-Manual.pdf
https://www.vogtice.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/HTD-and-HF-Chiller-Manual-
12A4171M15-complete.pdf
https://www.vogtice.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/Chiller-2018.pdf