Pollution Case Studies PDF
Pollution Case Studies PDF
Pollution Case Studies PDF
metal pollution.
chemicals wherever their applicatio
m
Use less hazardous
be afforded. Baking soda, vinegar and borax can help can
in
cleaning, bleaching and softening. Baking soda can Teplace
modern deodorants.
in the area.
Plant more trees, as trees can absorb many toxic gases and can
purify the air by releasing oxygen.
Check population growth so that demand of materials is under
control.
(Contd.)
214 Chapter 5
(Contd.)
216 Chapter 5
fluoride in the tests on
Carcinogenicity of experime
nental
animals could not be established. No effects have been observed
on reproductive organs or foetus developmeed
reproduction, development
fluoride in drinking wa
WHO has set the value of water at
Howeves, this guideline
value WH is not a
of HO is nota
1.5 mg/1. fixed
one but is supposcd to be adopted in consideration with the l
ocal
conditions.
Where alternative source of drinking water is not available,
detuoridation of drinking water is the only remedy. It can be dond
with the help of bone charcoal. Nalgonda process developed and
adopted by National Environmental Engineering Institute (NEEn
can be used at community and household level. The process n
uses
aluminium sulfate to remove fluoride. The flocs of aluminium
hydroxide formed in the process takes a few hours to settle which
may be discarded.
The explosion was so severe that the 1000 tonne steel concrete
lid of the reactor 4 blew off. Fire started at the reactor due to
Polana,
hemisphere.
drifted over most of the northern
and gases
and Norway were affected.
Denmark, Sweden and 239 people
of the accident 31 persons died
On first day lodine-131,
Cesium
Sincethe plume was rich in
were hospitalized. people
5,76,000
it was feared that some of the
134 and Cesium-137, thyroia
radiations would suffer from cancer specially
exposed to the were more
susceptible as lodine
leukemia. Children Since
cancer and products.
mainly through milk and milk the
131 is ingested are in
more milk and their
thyroid glands
children c o n s u m e areas
cancer in
children from
an increase in thyroid
growing stage, died. People
was More than 2000 people
registered.
near Chernobyl and anemia.
ulcerating skin, loss of hair,
nausea
suffered from Intense
Agricultural produce
damaged for years.
was
Flora
several fields, trees, shrubs,
plants etc.
radiations destroyed hemorrhagic
abnormalities,
and fauna were destroyed. Blood reproductive
changes in lungs, eye diseases, cataract,
diseases, banned
c a n c e r cases increased.
Sweden and Denmark
failure and
Russian products.
the import of contaminated and non-polluting
inexhaustible
Nuclear energy is a cheap, and
the absence of proper care
source of energy. However, in
can rock the society.
caution, disasters like Chernobyl
from the
radioactivity
High 30-50
km was not recommen
water
Japan
high. Pipe ofsoil has also
northern
of were c o n t a m i n a t i o n
levels
Caesium-137
food.
Plutonium
sn
and rain water spread
to cook due to wind
by officials fall out and ingested
Radioactive
when inhaledland ingeste
threat
been reported. health
and posed
assessed
disasters
are at
c o n t a m i n a t i o n
Chernobyl
nuclear Nuclea.
Fukushima
and the
International
ear
on
maximum
scale value
level 7, the
Event Scale (INES).
at Fukushima
nuclear accident
Fig. 5.13 The
(Cont
Enoironmenmtal Pollution 219