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    LINB10 Week 8 Slides PDF

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    Morgan Zhang
    This document provides an overview of the topics covered in Week 8 of the LINB10 course. It discusses morphophonology, including allomorphy and common morphophonological processes like assimilation, vowel harmony, and epenthesis. It also covers predictable vs unpredictable allomorphy, morphophonology involving syllable weight, and lexical stratification. Students are reminded of upcoming deadlines and assignments.

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    LINB10 Week 8 Slides PDF

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    This document provides an overview of the topics covered in Week 8 of the LINB10 course. It discusses morphophonology, including allomorphy and common morphophonological processes like assimilation, vowel harmony, and epenthesis. It also covers predictable vs unpredictable allomorphy, morphophonology involving syllable weight, and lexical stratification. Students are reminded of upcoming deadlines and assignments.

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    This document provides an overview of the topics covered in Week 8 of the LINB10 course. It discusses morphophonology, including allomorphy and common morphophonological processes like assimilation, vowel harmony, and epenthesis. It also covers predictable vs unpredictable allomorphy, morphophonology involving syllable weight, and lexical stratification. Students are reminded of upcoming deadlines and assignments.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    60 views44 pages

    LINB10 Week 8 Slides PDF

    Uploaded by

    Morgan Zhang
    This document provides an overview of the topics covered in Week 8 of the LINB10 course. It discusses morphophonology, including allomorphy and common morphophonological processes like assimilation, vowel harmony, and epenthesis. It also covers predictable vs unpredictable allomorphy, morphophonology involving syllable weight, and lexical stratification. Students are reminded of upcoming deadlines and assignments.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 44

    Week 8: Morphophonology

    LINB10 WINTER 2023


    SHOHINI BHATTASALI
    UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO SCARBOROUGH
    • Quiz 4 deadline: March 9

    • PS4 will be released this week

    • Please make sure to sign up for


    groups for each PS
    Announcements
    • Late day form: not automatic!

    • Readings: Ch 8 for next week; Ch 9


    this week
    • Inflectional processes in speech-act
    domains
    • Paradigms
    • Suppletion
    • Syncretism
    Recap • Linguistic typology
    • Classical system of classification
    • Contemporary system of classification
    • Language families & genetic
    tendencies
    • Sprachbund and areal tendencies
    • What is morphophonology?

    • What is allomorphy?
    Today's
    topics • What is lexical stratification?

    • Guest lecture by Omar Gamboa


    Gonzalez
    • Phonology is the area of linguistics that is
    concerned with sound regularities in
    languages
    • What sounds exist in a language,
    Phonology • How those sounds combine with each
    other into syllables and words,
    • How the prosody (stress, accent,
    tone, and so on) of a language works
    Morphophonology

    Morphology Phonology
    • Word formation, word • Sound patterns
    structure
    Morphophonology

    • word formation which reflects / interfaces with sound patterns


    Morphophonology

    • allomorphy

    • morphophonological processes
    • assimilation
    • vowel harmony
    • epenthesis

    • syllable weight
    • If you haven't taken Phonology I before;
    please review the interatice IPA chart on
    Quercus (under Week 1)

    IPA: • We will be using IPA notation and referring


    International to sounds by their point of articulation
    (labial, dental, alveolar, and so on) and by
    Phonetic their manner of articulation (voiced vs.
    Alphabet voiceless, stop, fricative, liquid, and so on)

    • Summaries of this terminology is also in


    the charts at the beginning of the
    textbook
    Allomorphy

    • Allomorphs: phonologically distinct variants of the same morpheme


    • one morpheme, many “forms”/”shapes”/”variants”
    • Allomorphy: name of the phenomenon of having allomorphs
    Allomorphy

    • Allomorphs: phonologically distinct variants of the same morpheme


    • one morpheme, many “forms”/”shapes”/”variants”
    • Allomorphy: name of the phenomenon of having allomorphs

    • Allomorphy is conditioned by phonological environment!


    Allomorphy

    • What do we mean by phonologically distinct?

    • What do we mean by variant of the same morpheme?


    Allomorphy

    • What do we mean by phonologically distinct?


    they have similar but not identical sounds

    • What do we mean by variant of the same morpheme?


    these slightly different-sounding sets of forms share the same meaning or
    function
    Allomorphy

    -ed suffixation in English


    • lowered
    • joined
    • waited
    • aided
    • licked
    • packed
    Allomorphy

    -ed suffixation in English


    • lowered [d]
    • joined
    • waited [ed]
    • aided
    • licked [t]
    • packed
    Allomorphy

    in- prefixation in English -ed suffixation in English


    • in-alienable • lowered [d]
    • in-tolerable • joined
    • im-probable • waited [ed]
    • im-possible • aided
    • il-legal • licked [t]
    • il-logical • packed
    Allomorphy

    • Allomorphs: phonologically distinct variants of the same morpheme


    • one morpheme, many “forms”/”shapes”/”variants”
    • Allomorphy: name of the phenomenon of having allomorphs

    • Allomorphy is conditioned by phonological environment!

    • Writing a rule of allomorphy


    • what changes to what in what condition
    • underlying form → surface form
    Common morphophonological processes

    Vowel
    Assimilation Epenthesis
    harmony
    Assimilation

    • voicing
    • place of articulation
    • manner of articulation
    Assimilation
    • English negative prefix in-

    Vowels and alveolar consonants

    Labial consonant

    Liquids

    Velar consonants
    Assimilation
    • English negative prefix in-

    Rule:

    Nasal assimilation: a nasal


    consonant assimilates to the
    point of articulation of a following
    consonant, and to the point and
    manner of articulation of the
    consonant if it is a liquid
    Assimilation

    • English past tense -ed


    Assimilation
    Rule:
    • English past tense -ed Voicing assimilation: Assimilate [d]
    to the voicing of an immediately
    preceding consonant
    Vowel harmony
    • vowel harmony: assimilation of vowels to other vowels

    • Frontness/backness

    • Roundedness
    Vowel harmony
    Vowel harmony

    Front vowels so plural suffix Back vowels so plural suffix


    also agrees in frontness also agrees in backness
    Vowel harmony

    genitive allomorph genitive allomorph genitive allomorph genitive allomorph


    with a front, non- with a front, round with a back, non-round with a back, round
    round vowel because vowel because noun vowel because noun vowel because noun
    noun root contains the root contains the root contains the root contains the
    same same same same
    Epenthesis

    Adding a vowel to break up a consonant cluster

    E.g., Spanish does not allow clusters at the beginning of a word with
    an /s/ in them and adds e- to such words

    Latin species > especie


    English stress > estrés
    • Predictable allomorphy
    environments are predictable, and
    we can postulate phonological rules
    that explain the distribution of the
    allomorphs
    Types of
    • Unpredictable or partially allomorphy
    predictable allomorphy
    it is hard to predict environment or
    formulate rules to show where one
    variant might show up
    Unpredictable or partially predictable
    allomorphy

    Can we make a
    generalization here?
    Unpredictable or partially predictable
    allomorphy
    • allomorphy is not
    always regular /
    predictable
    • semiregularity / partial
    predictability
    • can study with
    “wug tests” tests
    involving made-up
    words
    • Similar to PS3!
    Morphophonology involving syllable
    weight
    • Syllable structure
    Morphophonology involving syllable
    weight
    • heavy syllable: a syllable with:
    • long vowel and/or
    • has a coda
    • light syllable: syllable with:
    • short vowel AND
    • no coda
    Morphophonology involving syllable
    weight
    • some morphophonological processes are sensitive to syllable weight
    Self-study: How to analyze allomorphy

    • Section 9.3 walks you through a case study of Tagalog

    • Please review it and post questions on Piazza, if any


    Lexical stratification

    • Languages have layers to their


    lexicon
    • Typically there is a core native
    layer and there can be multiple
    non-native layers
    • Words in each layers might have
    differing phonological and
    morphological constraints
    Lexical strata in English
    Lexical strata in English

    Non-native suffixes affect


    the sounds of the bases
    and the stress patterns
    Lexical strata in English
    Lexical strata in English

    Native suffixes do not affect


    the sounds of the bases nor
    the stress patterns
    Lexical stratification cross-linguistically

    • Quite common when two (or more) languages are in contact

    • Textbook has examples of Dutch and French lexical stratification too


    • Allomorphs & allomorphy

    • Examples of morphophonogical
    processes: assimilation, vowel
    harmony, epenthesis

    Summary • Predictable vs. Unpredictable


    allomorphy

    • Syllable weight

    • Lexical strata
    • Participate in experiments
    through SONA

    Extra-credit • 1.5 credit hours = 2% on final


    opportunity course grade

    • Further information posted on


    Quercus!
    • Week 9:
    • Read Lieber Ch. 8
    • Review Lieber Ch. 9
    • Review IPA chart, if unfamiliar

    For next time: • PS4 released later this week


    • Due March 16
    • Next practice session on March 16

    • Quiz 4 due this Thursday, March 9

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