TRI Week 1-10merged
TRI Week 1-10merged
TRI Week 1-10merged
Vitamin - 维他命
⾖腐 – Tofu
résumé (French)
Pandora’s box
潘多拉之盒
Knowledge is power.
word-for-word translation Literal translation
知识就是⼒量
New brooms sweep clean. More haste, less displacement or movement of an image after
speed. Penny wise, pound foolish. 爱屋及乌 translating idioms and proverbs Equivalence Image shift it has been translated from one language to Definition: effortless/without much effort
百闻不如⼀⻅ 不遗余⼒ 巧妇难为⽆⽶之炊 another.
⼩菜⼀碟 (piece & 碟)
Oblique translation
Adaptation
Affirmation/Negation
Translation method
Subtopic 1
Passive
Heated, water will change into vapor. ⽔如受 supply necessary words for faithful
Amplification Shifts at lexical-semantic level
热, 就会汽化。 如;就 representation
⼤多树⽊冬天要落叶。
Most of the information we have got is adjust or rearrange the word order on
through that channel. account of the different syntax of these two Restructuring
我们得到的⼤部分消息是通过那个渠道获得的。 languages
C: 使⽤电⼦⼦算计可以⼤⼤提⾼劳动⽣产率。
C: 我未必会教你游泳。我想我的⼩弟弟⽐我教得
好。
Nouns ending with -er & highlighting
actions
E: Talking with his son, the old man was the
forgiver of the young man’s
past wrong doings.
C: 在和⼉⼦谈话时,⽼⼈宽恕了年轻⼈过去所⼲
C: 的坏事。
C: 我们深信这⼀政策是正确的,并有坚定的决⼼
继续奉⾏这⼀政策。
Adjective-derived words by adding suffix,
E: Allow me, on behalf of the delegation that
Nouns In An Adj. Sense including -ness, -ity, - ance/-ence, -ment ( Conversion/transposition
accompanies me and in my own name, to
Ready – readiness ;Happy – happiness)
sincerely thank you for this and convey to
you the message of friendship and fraternity
of our people.
C: 对此,请允许我以陪同我访问的代表团和我本
Translating nouns
⼈的名义,向你们表示 诚挚的谢意,并向你们传
达我们⼈⺠的兄弟般的友好情谊。
C: 新市⻓有礼貌地来看望城市贫⺠,获得了⼈们
Words with abstract conceptions and 的⼀些好感
Nouns in an adverbial sense systematically related to the other parts of Conversion/transposition
sentences E: When he catches a glimpse of a potential
antagonist, his instinct is to win him
C: 只要⼀发现有可能反对他的⼈,他就本能地要
⽤他的魅⼒和⻛趣将这个⼈争取过来
C: 他感到⼀种爱国热情在胸中激荡。
C: 每当你在社交场合遇到某⼈,专注地看他四分
钟。
专注地: adv.
Translating adj. - adv.
E: I am so grateful to my father for his
continuous encouragement
during my childhood.
Continuous: adj.
C: 我⾮常感谢⽗亲,因为他在我⼩时候总是不断
地⿎励我。不断地 :adv.
May be translated into Chinese adverbial Translation of English adverbial clauses – Aka: attributive nouns/noun adjuncts
E: Where water resources are plentiful,
clauses of condition place
hydroelectric power stations are
being built in large numbers.
TRI WEEK 3 nouns that are used as adjectives to modify
other nouns
C: 只要哪⾥⽔源充⾜, 就在哪⾥修建⼤批的⽔电 Translation of eng adverbial
站。 clauses They are called "transferred" because they are
When an adjective usually used to describe nouns that have been transferred from their
- 因为下⾬,所以我们没去公园。(Yīnwèi xiàyǔ, one thing is transferred to another original noun function to act as an adjective
suǒyǐ wǒmen méi qù gōngyuán.) - Because it modifying another noun.
was raining, so we didn't go to the park.
- 由于他⽣病了,所以他没来上课。(Yóuyú tā These clauses often start with conjunctions or Eg: Coffee mug (In this phrase, "coffee" is a
Chinese adverbial clauses of cause are used
shēngbìng le, suǒyǐ tā méi lái shàngkè.) - Due adverbs such as 因为 (yīnwèi), meaning " noun that has been transferred to act as an
to indicate the reason or cause behind an
to his illness, he didn't come to class. because," 由于 (yóuyú), meaning "due to," and adjective modifying the noun "mug.")
action or event.
- 因为我忘了带钥匙,所以我进不了房间。( 所以 (suǒyǐ), meaning "so" or "therefore."
Yīnwèi wǒ wàng le dài yàoshi, suǒyǐ wǒ jìn bù E: An awed hush fell upon the bystanders.
liǎo fángjiān.) - Because I forgot to bring the Awed: transferred adj. (feeling of respect/
key, so I couldn't enter the room. Translated into Chinese adverbial clauses of admiration/wonder)
cause !
E: The crops failed because the season was C: 旁观的⼈都惊愕得说不出话来。惊愕 :
Translating transferred adj.
dry. adj.
Translation of English adverbial clauses –
C: 因为⽓候⼲燥, 作物歉收。 E: With an effort I managed to restrain my
cause
incredulous laughter. Incredulous; transferred
E: Because he was convinced of the adj. (often used to describe a person's
accuracy of this fact, he stuck to his reaction to a surprising or unbelievable event
opinion. or piece of information)
Changed into principal clauses
C: 他深信这件事正确可靠, 因此坚持⼰⻅。 C: 我好不容易才忍住了笑,他的话太令⼈难以置
信了。难以置信:adj. (unbelievable)
E: If something has the ability to adjust itself
to the environment, we say Attributive clause: type of dependent clause
it has intelligence. that modifies noun/pronoun(whose,which,
that or relative adverb like ‘where, when,
C: 如果某物具有适应环境的能⼒, 我们就说它具 why’)
有智⼒。 translated into Chinese adverbial clauses of Translation of English adverbial clauses –
condition condition Position of attributive clause in eng & chi is
E: Granted that this is true, what conclusion different
can you draw?
Unlimited attributive clause in eng
C: 假设这是实际情况, 你⼜能得出什么结论呢?
This is the cat
- While she is a talented singer, she is not
confident performing in front of large It usually begins with conjunctions such as " An adverbial clause of concession expresses 这就是那只猫
Translation of English adverbial clauses –
audiences. although," "even though," "though," "while," an idea that contrasts with the main idea of
concession
- Despite being warned, she went ahead with or "despite." the sentence. This is the cat that killed the rat.
her plan.
这就是那只捕杀了⽼⿏的猫。
This is the cat that killed the rat that ate the
cake.
* 这就是那只捕杀了偷吃了蛋糕的⽼⿏的猫。
This is the cat that killed the rat that ate the
cake that lay in the house
这就是那只捕杀了偷吃了放在房间⾥的蛋糕的⽼
⿏的猫。
This is the cat that killed the rat that ate the
cake that lay in the house that Jack built.
这就是那只捕杀了偷吃了放在杰克修建的房间⾥
的蛋糕的⽼⿏的猫。
C: 七⼋⽉是天⽓很热的⽉份。
Antecedent: the word or phrase that comes "John lost his book," "John" is the
before the pronoun and gives it meaning antecedent of the pronoun "his".
C: ⽜顿发明了⼀只点蜡烛的纸灯笼, 在昏暗朦胧
的冬天早晨上学 时带着灯笼照路。
C: 他们制定出⼀种新⽅法, 采⽤之后⽣产已迅速
得到提⾼。
C: 某些⾦属既能导电, ⼜能被磁化。
E: 获悉贵国遭受地震, 我们极为关切。(关切)
⼤象,⿐⼦⻓。 Conversion Translating CHI verbs into ENG Adj. Translation CHI verbs - ENG adj.
C: We are deeply concerned at the news that
your country has been struck by an
The elephant has a long nose. earthquake. (Concerned)
Topic+comment
那件事我已经办好了。 C: 他们不顾⼀切困难、挫折, 坚持战⽃。(不顾)
Prepositions or preposition phrases Prepositions or preposition phrases
I’ve handled the matter. E: They kept on fighting in spite of all
difficulties and set backs. (After)
吃,北京很⽅便。
E: Go by car. (By)
Various restaurants are available in Beijing.
Verb/verb phrase as topic Translating verbs C: 乘汽⻋去。(乘)
加⼊世贸组织利⼤于弊。
E: Are you for or against the plan? (For ;
China will witness more benefits than losses
after its entry into WTO. TRI Week 4 Against)
There are many problems to be solved to bring about a change in this state of
immediately. affairs -> change
TRI WEEK 5
- ING
- CN: 为了学习更好地中⽂,我每天早上在图书馆
认真地学习。(Wèile xuéxí gèng hǎo de
CHI zhōngwén, wǒ měitiān zǎoshang zài
túshūguǎn rènzhēn de xuéxí.)
Eg
John likes, and Peter hates, Mary.
Translation 1: 约翰喜欢,且彼得讨厌,玛丽.
Translation 2: 约翰喜欢玛丽,但彼得讨厌玛丽.
Supplementation
(In both translations, words are added to
specify "John likes Mary" and "Peter hates
Mary" to provide clarity and completeness
in the sentence.)
Eg.
He buried the treasure to prevent its
discovery.
Translation 1: 他埋了宝藏以免宝藏的发现.
Translation 2: 他把宝藏埋了起来以免被⼈发现.
(In both translations, words are added to
clarify "to prevent its discovery" as "以免宝藏
的发现" or "以免被⼈发现" respectively, to
supplement the verb and object words and
convey the complete meaning.)
Example:
Source language: "He is a tall and handsome
man." (English)
Target language: "他是个⾼⼤英俊的男⼦。" (
Chinese)
Example:
Combination
Source language: "I want to eat pizza and
drink soda." (English)
Target language: "我想吃披萨,喝苏打⽔。" (
Chinese)
translation
Breaking a long complex/compound
sentence, or to translate a word/phrase
separately.
Example:
Division Source language: "I am happy because I
passed the test." (English)
Target language: "我因为考试通过⽽感到⾼
兴。" (Chinese)
Repetition Example:
Source language: "I love you, I really do." (
English)
Target language: "我爱你,真的。" (Chinese)
Example:
Specification of abstract nouns
Source language: "He has a lot of
experience." (English)
Target language: "他有丰富的⼯作经验。" (
Chinese)
战争中死了很多⼈。
C-E
Much blood was shed in the war.
孩⼦们穿上漂亮的⾐服好看极了。
Children are a picture in their pretty
dresses.
2. 探险家经历了千⾟万苦,最终达到⽬的地。
The explorers underwent much suffering
Literal Translation - Idioms before they reached their destination.
("The explorers underwent much suffering
before they reached their destination" is a
literal translation of the Chinese idiom "千⾟
万苦", which means to go through numerous
hardships and difficulties before achieving a
goal. The idiom is often used to describe
someone who has endured many obstacles
and challenges to reach a certain
destination or goal.)
- How many words? Knowing the word count
can help you estimate the time and effort
required for the project.
Amplifications (But too much) In the example, "Without trees our entire
world would be a much drier place," the
Chinese translation includes an unnecessary
amplification that tries to convey the
severity of the situation. The original
sentence is simple and straightforward,
whereas the Chinese translation seems to be
trying too hard to make a point.
在接下来的⼏天⾥我学着⽤这种我不太理解⽅式
拼写了许多单词.
在⼀个有275,000⼈⼝的国家中,去年就有1/4
的⼈⼝近62,052名旅游者前来观鲸。
In a country with only 275,000 people, one
in four visitors, or 62,052 people, came to
whale watch last year.
- Comma,
- Question Mark?
- Exclamation Mark!
Same - Colon:
- Semi-Colon;
- Parentheses()
Punctuation - Speech Marks“”‘’
- Period。
- Enumeration Mark、
Different
- The Title Mark《》
- Ellipsis ......
Types of literary translation works you find
most engaging
Lead-in
- The author
- The stylistic features of the source text
Factors to consider when taking a literary
- The background for translating the text
translation task
- The reader
- The target market
Challenges:
Example: Solution:
Challenges:
Solutions to consider
Employing a team of professional translators
with experience in the subject matter and
3. Accuracy and quality
proofreading the translated text before
delivery.
1. Text-in-situation analysis
1. Expressive
2. Informative
3. Vocative
Some words in business English have For example, "franchise" in business English
At word level connotations that differ from their meanings means "公⺠权" and "negotiable" means "可谈
in daily English. 判的."
Eg:
D1: "电冰箱可使⻝物保持在很低的温度。" (
Refrigerators can keep food at a low
temperature.)
Stylistic features of Chinese Concreteness, accuracy, and clarity are
business texts highly valued in Chinese business texts. vs.