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    TỰ LUẬN MAI có thể THI

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    Hoang vy
    A researcher studies how to apply the scientific method within their field through organized and systematic investigations. Characteristics of a good researcher include being detail-oriented, open-minded, and able to think critically. Variables in research can take different values and include nominal scales with unordered categories, interval scales with equal distances between points, ordinal scales with a meaningful order or rank, and ratio scales with a true zero point like temperature in Kelvin. Quantitative research involves analyzing numerical data while qualitative research explores meanings through non-numerical data like text. Internal validity assesses causal relationships while external validity determines if findings can be generalized.

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    TỰ LUẬN MAI có thể THI

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    Hoang vy
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    A researcher studies how to apply the scientific method within their field through organized and systematic investigations. Characteristics of a good researcher include being detail-oriented, open-minded, and able to think critically. Variables in research can take different values and include nominal scales with unordered categories, interval scales with equal distances between points, ordinal scales with a meaningful order or rank, and ratio scales with a true zero point like temperature in Kelvin. Quantitative research involves analyzing numerical data while qualitative research explores meanings through non-numerical data like text. Internal validity assesses causal relationships while external validity determines if findings can be generalized.

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    A researcher studies how to apply the scientific method within their field through organized and systematic investigations. Characteristics of a good researcher include being detail-oriented, open-minded, and able to think critically. Variables in research can take different values and include nominal scales with unordered categories, interval scales with equal distances between points, ordinal scales with a meaningful order or rank, and ratio scales with a true zero point like temperature in Kelvin. Quantitative research involves analyzing numerical data while qualitative research explores meanings through non-numerical data like text. Internal validity assesses causal relationships while external validity determines if findings can be generalized.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    10 views5 pages

    TỰ LUẬN MAI có thể THI

    Uploaded by

    Hoang vy
    A researcher studies how to apply the scientific method within their field through organized and systematic investigations. Characteristics of a good researcher include being detail-oriented, open-minded, and able to think critically. Variables in research can take different values and include nominal scales with unordered categories, interval scales with equal distances between points, ordinal scales with a meaningful order or rank, and ratio scales with a true zero point like temperature in Kelvin. Quantitative research involves analyzing numerical data while qualitative research explores meanings through non-numerical data like text. Internal validity assesses causal relationships while external validity determines if findings can be generalized.

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    of 5

    1. What is a researcher?

    A researcher is someone who studies how to apply the scientific method within
    their chosen field.
    A researcher is someone who conducts research, i.e., an
    organized and systematic investigation into something
    2. Đặc điểm của một good researcher?

    3. What is variable?
    In research, variables are any characteristics that can take on different values,
    such as height, age, temperature, or test scores.
    + Nominal scales
    A nominal variable is a type of categorical variable that can have two or more
    categories. However, there is no ordering within these categories. A nominal variable
    does not have any numerical characteristics and is qualitative in nature.
    + Interval scales
    The interval variable is a measurement variable that is used to define values
    measured along a scale, with each point placed at an equal distance from one
    another. An interval variable is a one where the difference between two values is
    meaningful.
    + Ordinal scales
    An ordinal variable is a type of measurement variable that takes values with an order
    or rank.
    + Ratio scales
    A ratio scale has all the properties of an interval scale.
    The only difference between the ratio variable and interval variable is that the ratio variable
    already has a zero value. For example, temperature, when measured in Kelvin is an
    example of ratio variables.

    4. What is quantitative research?

    5. What is qualitative research?


    Qualitative research is an approach for exploring and understanding the meaning
    individuals or groups ascribe to a social or human problem. The process of research
    involves emerging questions and procedures, data typically collected in the participant’s
    setting, data analysis inductively building from particulars to general themes, and the
    researcher making interpretations of the meaning of the data. Creswell, (2009)

    Qualitative research involves collecting and analyzing non-numerical data (e.g.,


    text, video, or audio) to understand concepts, opinions, or experiences. It can be
    used to gather in-depth insights into a problem or generate new ideas for
    research.
    6. Differences
    7. Interal, external validity?
    Internal validity is the extent to which you can be confident that a cause-and-
    effect relationship established in a study cannot be explained by other factors.

    External validity is the extent to which you can generalize the findings of a study
    to other situations, people, settings, and measures. In other words, can you apply
    the findings of your study to a broader context?
    (What is an independent variable?
    An independent variable is the variable you manipulate or vary in an experimental study

    to explore its effects. It’s called “independent” because it’s not influenced by any other

    variables in the study.

    What is a dependent variable?


    A dependent variable is the variable that changes as a result of the independent

    variable manipulation. It’s the outcome you’re interested in measuring, and it “depends”

    on your independent variable.

    Control variables

    Variables that are held constant throughout the experiment.

    Intervening variables
    It is a variable that comes between the independent variable (cause) and the dependent
    variable (effect) in a causal relationship, and helps to explain how the independent
    variable influences the dependent variable.

    A moderator variable influences the level, direction, or presence of a


    relationship between variables. It shows you for whom, when, or under what
    circumstances a relationship will hold.)

    They have a high level of common sense that helps to keep their feet firmly on the ground.

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