(MATHEMATICS) COMPOUND ANGLE

KEY CONCEPTS
1. BASIC TRIGONOMETRIC IDENTITIES :
(a) sin2 ⁡ θ + cos 2 ⁡ θ = 1; −1 ≤ sin⁡ θ ≤ 1; ⁡ − 1 ≤ cos⁡ θ ≤ 1⁡∀⁡θ ∈ R

(b) sec 2 ⁡ θ − tan2 ⁡ θ = 1; |sec⁡ θ| ≥ 1⁡∀⁡θ ∈ R

(c) cosec 2 ⁡ θ − cot 2 ⁡ θ = 1; |cosec⁡ θ| ≥ 1⁡∀⁡θ ∈ R

2. IMPORTANT ‘T RATIOS:

(a) sin nπ = 0⁡; ⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡cos⁡ nπ = (−1)n ⁡; ⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡tan⁡ nπ = 0⁡ where n ∈ I

(2n+1)π (2n+1)π
(b) ⁡sin⁡ = (−1)n ⁡&⁡cos⁡ = 0⁡ where n ∈ I
2 2

π √3−1 5𝜋
(c) sin⁡ 15∘ or sin⁡ 12 = = cos⁡ 75∘ or cos 12 ⁡;
2√2

π √3+1 5π
⁡cos⁡ 15∘ or cos⁡ 12 = = sin⁡ 75∘ or sin⁡ 12
2√2

√3−1 √3+1
tan⁡ 15∘ = = 2 − √3 = cot⁡ 75∘ ; ⁡tan⁡ 75∘ = = 2 + √3 = cot⁡ 15∘
√3+1 √3−1

π √2−√2 π √2+√2 π 3π
(d) sin⁡ 8 = ; ⁡cos⁡ 8 = ; ⁡tan⁡ 8 = √2 − 1; ⁡tan⁡ = √2 + 1
2 2 8

π √5−1 π √5+1
(e) sin⁡ 10 or sin⁡ 18∘ = ⁡&⁡cos⁡ 36∘ or cos⁡ 5 =
4 4

3. TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS OF ALLIED ANGLES :

If θ is any angle, then −θ, 90 ± θ, 180 ± θ, 270 ± θ, 360 ± θ etc. are called Allied Angles.
(a) sin⁡(−θ) = −sin⁡ θ⁡; cos⁡(−θ) = cos⁡ θ
(b)⁡sin⁡(90∘ − θ) = cos⁡ θ⁡; cos⁡(90∘ − θ) = sin⁡ θ
(c)⁡sin⁡(90∘ + θ) = cos⁡ θ⁡; cos⁡(90∘ + θ) = −sin⁡ θ
(d) sin⁡(180∘ − θ) = sin⁡ θ⁡; cos⁡(180∘ − θ) = −cos⁡ θ
(e)sin⁡(180∘ + θ) = −sin⁡ θ⁡; cos⁡(180∘ + θ) = −cos⁡ θ
(f)⁡sin⁡(270∘ − θ) = −cos⁡ θ; cos⁡(270∘ − θ) = −sin⁡ θ
(g) sin⁡(270∘ + θ) = −cos⁡ θ⁡; cos⁡(270∘ + θ) = sin⁡ θ

APNI KAKSHA 1
(MATHEMATICS) COMPOUND ANGLE
4. TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS OF SUM OR DIFFERENCE OF TWO ANGLES :

(a)⁡sin⁡(A ± B) = sinAcos⁡ B ± cosAsinB

(b)⁡cos⁡(A ± B) = cosAcosB ∓ sinAsinB
(c)⁡sin2 ⁡ A − sin2 ⁡ B = cos2 B − cos2 A = sin⁡(A + B) ⋅ sin⁡(A − B)
(d) ⁡cos2 ⁡ A − sin2 ⁡ B = cos2 B − sin2 A = cos⁡(A + B) ⋅ cos⁡(A − B)
tan⁡ A±tan⁡ B cot⁡ Acot⁡ B∓1
(e) ⁡tan⁡(A ± B) = 1∓tan⁡ Atan⁡ B (f) ⁡cot⁡(A ± B) = cot⁡ B±cot⁡ A
5. FACTORISATION OF THE SUM OR DIFFERENCE OF TWO SINES OR COSINES :
C+D C−D C+D C−D
(a) sin⁡ C + sin⁡ D = 2sin⁡ cos⁡ (b) sin⁡ C − sin⁡ D = 2cos⁡ sin⁡
2 2 2 2

C+D C−D C+D C−D

(c) cos⁡ C + cos⁡ D = 2cos⁡ cos⁡ (d) cos⁡ C − cos⁡ D = −2sin⁡ sin⁡
2 2 2 2

6. TRANSFORMATION OF PRODUCTS INTO SUM OR DIFFERENCE OF SINES & COSINES :

(a) 2sin⁡ Acos⁡ B = sin⁡(A + B) + sin⁡(A − B) (b)2cos⁡ Asin⁡ B = sin⁡(A + B) − sin⁡(A − B)

(c) 2cos⁡ Acos⁡ B = cos⁡(A + B) + cos⁡(A − B) (d) 2sin⁡ Asin⁡ B = cos⁡(A − B) − cos⁡(A + B)

7. MULTIPLE ANGLES AND HALF ANGLES :

θ θ
(a) ⁡sin⁡ 2A = 2sin⁡ Acos⁡ A; sin⁡ θ = 2sin⁡ 2 cos⁡ 2

(b) ⁡cos⁡ 2A = cos 2 ⁡ A − sin2 ⁡ A = 2cos2 ⁡ A − 1 = 1 − 2sin2 ⁡ A;

θ θ θ θ
cos⁡ θ = cos2 ⁡ 2 − sin2 ⁡ 2 = 2cos2 ⁡ 2 − 1 = 1 − 2sin2 ⁡ 2.

1−cos⁡ 2A
2cos2 ⁡ A = 1 + cos 2A , 2sin2 ⁡ A = 1 − cos⁡ 2A; ⁡tan2 ⁡ A = 1+cos⁡ 2A

θ θ
2cos2 ⁡ 2 = 1 + cos θ , 2sin2 ⁡ 2 = 1 − cos⁡ θ

2tan⁡ A 2tan⁡(θ/2)
(c) tan⁡ 2 A = 1−tan2⁡ A ⁡; tan⁡ θ = 1−tan2⁡(θ/2)

2tan⁡ A 1−tan2 ⁡ A
(d) ⁡sin⁡ 2 A = 1+tan2⁡ A , ⁡cos⁡ 2 A = 1+tan2⁡ A

(e) ⁡sin⁡ 3A = 3sin⁡ A − 4sin3 ⁡ A

(f) ⁡cos⁡ 3A = 4cos3 ⁡ A − 3cos⁡ A

3tan⁡ A−tan3 ⁡ A
(g) ⁡tan⁡ 3 A = 1−3tan2 ⁡ A

8. THREE ANGLES:
tan⁡ A+tan⁡ B+tan⁡ C−tan⁡ Atan⁡ Btan⁡ C
(a) tan⁡(A + B + C) = 1−tan⁡ Atan⁡ B−tan⁡ Btan⁡ C−tan⁡ Ctan⁡ A

Note If : (i) A + B + C = π then tan A + tan B + tan C = tanA⁡tanB⁡tanC

APNI KAKSHA 2
(MATHEMATICS) COMPOUND ANGLE
π
(ii) A + B + C = 2 then tanA⁡tanB + tanB⁡tanC + tanC⁡tanA = 1

(b) If A + B + C = π then : (i) sin2A + sin2B + sin2C = 4sinA⁡sinB⁡sinC

A B C
(ii) ⁡sin⁡ A + sin⁡ B + sin⁡ C = 4cos⁡ 2 cos⁡ 2 cos⁡ 2

9. MAXIMUM & MINIMUM VALUES OF TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS:

(a) Min. value of a2 tan2 ⁡ θ + b2 cot 2 ⁡ θ = 2ab⁡ where θ ∈ R

(b) Max. and Min. value of acosθ + bsinθ are √a2 + b 2 and −√a2 + b 2

(c) If f(θ) = acos⁡(α + θ) + bcos⁡(β + θ) where a, b, α and β are known quantities then

−√a2 + b 2 + 2abcos⁡(α − β) ≤ f(θ) ≤ √a2 + b 2 + 2abcos⁡(α − β)

(d) If A, B, C are the angles of a triangle then maximum value of

sinA + sinB + sinC and sinA⁡sinB⁡sinC occurs when A = B = C = 60∘
(e) In case a quadratic in sinθ or cosθ is given then the maximum or minimum values can be
interpreted by making a perfect square.

10. Sum of sines or cosines of n angles,

nβ
sin⁡ n−1
sin⁡ α + sin⁡(α + β) + sin⁡(α + 2β) + ⋯ … . +sin⁡(α + ̅̅̅̅̅̅̅
n − 1β) = 2
β sin (α + β)
sin⁡ 2
2

nβ
sin⁡ n−1
cos⁡ α + cos⁡(α + β) + cos⁡(α + 2β) + ⋯ … + cos⁡(α + ̅̅̅̅̅̅̅
n − 1β) = β
2
cos (α + β)
sin⁡ 2
2

APNI KAKSHA 3
(MATHEMATICS) COMPOUND ANGLE
PROFICIENCY TEST-1

1(a). If x = rsin⁡ θ cos ϕ , y = rsin⁡ θ sin ϕ , z = rcos⁡ θ. Prove that x 2 + y 2 + z 2 = r 2 .

(sin2 αsin2 β+sin2 αcos2 β+cos2 α)+(sin2 ⁡(2π+α)+cos2 ⁡(6π−α)+1)

(b) π π
(sin2 ⁡( −4π)+cos2 ⁡(8π+ )+2)
3 3

4 5 1
(A) 3 (B) 3 (C) 3 (D) 1

2. Find the value of each of the following :

(i) cos⁡ 210∘ (ii) sin⁡ 315∘ (iii) tan⁡(−1125∘ ) (iv) cos⁡ 510∘ (v) sin⁡(−330∘ )
11π 5π
(vi) tan⁡ (vii) sin⁡ (viii) sec⁡ 150∘ (ix) cosec 660∘ ⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡(x)⁡cot⁡ 225∘
6 3

3. Find values of :
(i) tan⁡ 225∘ cot⁡ 405∘ + tan⁡ 765∘ cot⁡ 675∘
(ii)⁡tan⁡ 720∘ − cos⁡ 270∘ − sin⁡ 150∘ cos⁡ 120∘
(iii)⁡sin⁡ 600∘ cos⁡ 390∘ + cos⁡ 480∘ sin⁡ 150∘
(iv) cos⁡ 24∘ + cos⁡ 55∘ + cos⁡ 125∘ + cos⁡ 204∘ + cos⁡ 300∘
11π 2π 3 π 17π
(v) tan⁡ − 2sin⁡ − 4 cosec 2 ⁡ 4 + 4cos 2 ⁡
3 3 6

(vi) sin⁡(1560∘ ) + cos⁡(−3030∘ ) + tan⁡(−1260∘ )

kπ
4. If 2sin2 ⁡ x + 3sin⁡ x + 1 = 0 then the sum of all the values of x lying in [0,2π] is where k is
2
(A) 3 (B) 5 (C) 7 (D) 9
5. Which of the following relations is (are) possible?
π
(A) sin⁡ θ = (B) tan⁡ θ = 2016
2

1+t2 3
C) cos⁡ θ = 1−t2 (t ≠ 0, ±1) (D) sec⁡ θ = 4

6. Show that 2(sin6 ⁡ x + cos6 ⁡ x) − 3(sin4 ⁡ x + cos 4 ⁡ x) + 1 = 0.

7. Prove that (1 + cot⁡ θ − cosec⁡ θ)(1 + tan⁡ θ + sec⁡ θ) = 2.
1−tan8 ⁡ θ
8. Prove that 2sec 2 ⁡ θ − sec 4 ⁡ θ − 2cosec 2 ⁡ θ + cosec 4 ⁡ θ = .
tan4 ⁡ θ

9. The value of (sec⁡ θ − cos⁡ θ)(cosec⁡ θ − sin⁡ θ)(cot⁡ θ + tan⁡ θ)[ wherever defined] is equal to
(A) 1 (B) -1 (C) 2 (D) -2
10. Which one of the following number is largest in value?
5π 5π 5π 5π
(A) tan⁡ ( 4 ) (B) sin2 ⁡ ( 4 ) (C) log 2 ⁡ ( 4 ) (D) ln⁡ ( 4 )

APNI KAKSHA 4
(MATHEMATICS) COMPOUND ANGLE
PROFICIENCY TEST-2
sin⁡(A+B+C)
1. Prove that cos⁡ Acos⁡ Bcos⁡ C = tan A + tan B + tan C − tanA⁡tanB⁡tanC
sin⁡ 5A−sin⁡ 3A
2. Prove that cos⁡ 5A+cos⁡ 3A = tan⁡ A

cos⁡ 4x+cos⁡ 3x+cos⁡ 2x

3. Prove that = cot⁡ 3x
sin⁡ 4x+sin⁡ 3x+sin⁡ 2x

cos8A⁡cos5A−cos12A⁡cos9A
4. Prove that = tan⁡ 4A
sin8A⁡cos5A+cos12A⁡sin9A

sin(A−C)+⁡2sinA⁡+⁡sin⁡(A+C) sin⁡ A
5. Prove that =
sin(B−C)+⁡2sinB⁡+⁡sin⁡(B+C) sin⁡ B

6. Prove that ⁡1 + cos2x + cos4x + cos6x = 4cosx⁡cos2x⁡cos3x

3 −12 π π
7. If sin⁡ A = 5 , cos⁡ B = , where < A < π and < B < π, then sin⁡(A + B) equals
13 2 2
56 −56 33 −33
(A) 65 (B) (C) 65 (D)
65 65

1 1
8. If tan⁡ A − tan⁡ B = x and cot⁡ A − cot⁡ B = y, prove that cot⁡(A − B) = x − y

π √1+tan2 ⁡ θ √1+cot2 ⁡ θ
9. If θ = 12 then the value of the expression E = − is equal to
tan⁡ θ cot⁡ θ
(A) √4 (B) √8 (C) √12 (D) √24

cos68∘
10. The value of expression sin56∘ ⋅sin34∘ ⋅tan22∘ is equal to

(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4

π 3π 5π 7π 3
11. Prove that cos4 8 + cos 4 + cos4 + cos4 =2
8 8 8

3 3π x
12. If tan⁡ x = 4 , π < x < , then tan 2 is equal to
2

1 −1 −1
(A) -3 (B) 3 (C) (D)
2 3

APNI KAKSHA 5
(MATHEMATICS) COMPOUND ANGLE
EXERCISE–I

1. (a) If y = 10cos 2 x − 6sinx. cosx + 2sin2 x, then find the greatest & least value of y.
(b) If y = 1 + 2sin⁡ x + 3cos 2 ⁡ x, find the maximum & minimum values of y⁡∀⁡x ∈ R.
π
(c) If a ≤ 3cos⁡ (θ + 3 ) + 5cos⁡ θ + 3 ≤ b, find a and b.
π 2π 3π 4π 5π p
2. If the expression cos 2 11 + cos 2 11 + cos2 11 + cos 2 11 + cos 2 11 has the value equal to in its
q
lowest form ; then find (p + q).
π π
1−sin⁡ θ
sec θ − tan θ⁡⁡⁡⁡; if − 2 < θ < 2
3. Prove that √1+sin⁡ θ = [ π 3π
−secθ + tanθ⁡⁡⁡; if ⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡ < θ <
2 2

4. Prove that ⁡cos6A = 32cos6 A − 48cos4 A + 18cos 2 A − 1

5. If cos⁡ α + cos⁡ β + cos⁡ γ = 0; then prove that cos3α + cos3β + cos3γ = 12⁡cosα⁡cosβ⁡cosγ

6. Prove that: cos2 α + cos 2 (α + β) − 2⁡cosα ⋅ cosβ⁡cos(α + β) = sin2 β

7. Prove that: cos2α = 2sin2 β + 4cos(α + β)⁡sinα⁡sinβ + cos2(α + β)

8. Prove that: tanα + 2⁡tan2α + 4⁡tan4α + 8⁡cot8α = cotα.

9. Prove that:
(a) tan⁡ 20∘ ⋅ tan⁡ 40∘ ⋅ tan⁡ 60∘ ⋅ tan⁡ 80∘ = 3
(b) tan⁡ 9∘ − tan⁡ 27∘ − tan⁡ 63∘ + tan⁡ 81∘ = 4.
π 3π 5π 7π 3
(c) sin4 ⁡ 16 + sin4 ⁡ 16 + sin4 ⁡ 16 + sin4 ⁡ 16 = 2

7π π 3π 7π π
10. If X = sin⁡ (θ + 12 ) + sin⁡ (θ − 12) + sin⁡ (θ + 12 ) , Y = cos⁡ (θ + 12 ) + cos⁡ (θ − 12) + cos⁡ (θ +
3π X Y
) then prove that Y − X = 2tan2θ.
12

π
11. Find the positive integers p, q, r, s satisfying tan⁡ 24 = (√p − √q)(√r − s).

√a+√b
12. If the value of the expression sin25∘ ⋅ sin35∘ ⋅ sin85∘ can be expressed as where a, b, c ∈ N
c
and are in their lowest form, find the value of (a + b + c).

13. Prove that (4cos2 9∘ − 3)(4cos 2 27∘ − 3) = tan9∘ .

tan⁡ A
14. If A + B + C = π, prove that ∑ (tan⁡ B⋅tan⁡ C) = ∑(tan⁡ A) − 2∑(cot⁡ A).

15. If α + β = γ, prove that cos2 α + cos2 β + cos 2 γ = 1 + 2cosα⁡cosβ⁡cos⁡ γ.

16. Calculate without using trigonometric tables:

APNI KAKSHA 6
(MATHEMATICS) COMPOUND ANGLE
2cos40∘ −cos20∘
(a) 4cos⁡ 20∘ − √3cot⁡ 20∘ (b) sin20∘

π 3π 5π 7π
(c) cos6 16 + cos6 16 + cos6 16 + cos6 16 (d) tan10∘ − tan50∘ + tan70∘

17. Given that (1 + tan⁡ 1∘ )(1 + tan⁡ 2∘ ) … . . (1 + tan⁡ 45∘ ) = 2n , find n.

18. If A, B, C denote the angles of a triangle ABC then prove that the triangle is right angled if and only
if sin4A + sin4B + sin4C = 0

19. Let A1 , A2 , … … , An be the vertices of an n-sided regular polygon such that;

1 1 1
= + . Find the value of n.
A1 A2 A1 A3 A1 A4

20. In a kite ABCD, AB = AD and CB = CD. If ∠A = 108∘ and ∠C = 36∘ then the ratio of the area of
a−btan2 36∘
△ ABD to the area of △ CBD can be written in the form where a, b and c are relatively
c
prime positive integers. Determine the ordered triple (a, b, c). Also find the numerical value of
this ratio.

APNI KAKSHA 7
(MATHEMATICS) COMPOUND ANGLE

EXERCISE–II
m+n
1. If m tan(θ − 30∘ ) = n⁡tan⁡(θ + 120∘ ), show that cos⁡ 2θ = 2(m−n).

2π π 2π
2. Prove that 4cos ⋅ cos 7 − 1 = 2cos
7 7

3. In a right angled triangle, acute angles A and B satisfy tan⁡ A + tan⁡ B + tan2 ⁡ A + tan2 ⁡ B +
tan3 ⁡ A + tan3 ⁡ B = 70 find the angle A and B in radians.
1
4. If the product (sin1∘ )(sin3∘ )(sin5∘ )(sin7∘ ) (sin89∘ ) = 2n , then find the value of n

1
5. tan⁡ α = p/q where α = 6β⁡, α being an acute angle, prove that: (p⁡cosec2β − q⁡sec2β) =
2
√p2 + q2 .

6. Determine the smallest positive value of x (in degrees) for which tan⁡(x + 100∘ ) = tan(x +
50∘ )⁡tanx tan(x − 50∘ )

7. Let a, b, c, d be real number such that a2 + b2 = 9, c 2 + d2 = 4 and ad −bc = 6. Find the

maximum value of ac.
cos3θ+cos3ϕ
8. Prove that: 2cos(θ−ϕ)−1 = (cos⁡ θ + cos⁡ ϕ)cos⁡(θ + ϕ) − (sin⁡ θ + sin⁡ ϕ)sin⁡(θ + ϕ)

rπ rπ 1 π
9. Let x1 = ∏5r=1  cos⁡ 11 and x2 = ∑5r=1  cos⁡ 11, then show that x1 ⋅ x2 = 64 (cosec 22 − 1), where Π
denotes the continued product.
5
10. If (1 + sin⁡ t)(1 + cos⁡ t) = 4. Find the value of (1 − sin⁡ t)(1 − cos⁡ t)

11. Let A1 , A2 , A3 … … … . . An are the vertices of a regular n sided polygon inscribed in a circle of
radius R. If (A1 A2 )2 + (A1 A3 )2 + ⋯ … … . +(A1 An )2 = 14R2 , find the number of sides in the
polygon.
1 cos⁡ k
12. Let k = 1∘ , then prove that ∑88
n=0   cos nk⁡⋅⁡cos⁡(n+1)k = sin2 ⁡ k

cos4 ⁡ x sin4 ⁡ x cos4 ⁡ y sin4 ⁡ y

13. If cos2⁡ y + sin2⁡ y = 1, then prove that cos2⁡ x + sin2⁡ x = 1.

sin4 α cos4 α 1 sin8 α cos8 α 1

14. Prove that from the equality + = a+b follows the relation; + = (a+b)3 .
a b a3 b3

15. If x and y are real number such that x 2 + 2xy − y 2 = 6, find the minimum value of (x 2 + y 2 )2 .

16. If ' θ ' is eliminated from the equations cos⁡ θ − sin⁡ θ = b and cos⁡ 3θ + sin⁡ 3θ = a, find the
eliminant.

APNI KAKSHA 8
(MATHEMATICS) COMPOUND ANGLE
17. Show that elliminating x⁡&⁡y from the equations, sin x + sin y = a⁡; cos⁡ x + cos⁡ y = b⁡&⁡tan⁡ x +
8ab
tan⁡ y = c gives (a2 +b2 )2 −4a2
=c

18. Given that 3sin⁡ x + 4cos⁡ x = 5 where x ∈ (0, π/2). Find the value of 2sin⁡ x + cos⁡ x + 4tan⁡ x
3+cos⁡ x
19. Show that ⁡∀⁡x ∈ R can not have any value between −2√2 and 2√2. What inference can
sin⁡ x
sin⁡ x
you draw about the values of 3+cos⁡ x ?

A B C
20. (a) If A + B + C = π; prove that tan2 ⁡ 2 + tan2 ⁡ 2 + tan2 ⁡ 2 ≥ 1.
(b) Prove that the triangle ABC is equilateral iff , cot⁡ A + cot⁡ B + cot⁡ C = √3.

APNI KAKSHA 9
(MATHEMATICS) COMPOUND ANGLE
EXERCISE–III
1. The value of tan⁡ 9∘ + tan⁡ 36∘ + tan⁡ 9∘ ⋅ tan⁡ 36∘ is equal to

(A) 2 (B) 1 (C) tan⁡ 60∘ (D) tan⁡ 30∘

T −T
2. If Tn = (sinn ⁡ θ + cos n ⁡ θ), then T5−T3 is equal to
7 5

T T T T
(A) T1 (B) T2 (C) T5 (D) T3
3 4 7 7

3. The sum of all possible values of cot⁡ x for which 9sin⁡ x + 2cos⁡ x = 6, is
−5 −9 4 9
(A) (B) (C) 5 (D) 8
4 8

4. The smallest positive value of x (in radians) satisfyinig the equation (sin⁡ x)(cos 3 ⁡ x) −
1
(cos⁡ x)(sin3 ⁡ x) = 4, is
π π π π
(A) (B) (C) (D)
4 8 12 15

x+y x−y sin⁡ x

5. If 3tan⁡ ( ) = 5tan⁡ ( ) then sin⁡ y is equal to
2 2

(A) 2 (B) 3 (C) 4 (D) 5

π 3π 5π 7π
6. The value of (1 + cos⁡ 9 ) (1 + cos⁡ ) (1 + cos⁡ ) (1 + cos⁡ ) is
9 9 9

9 10 12 5
(A) 16 (B) 16 (C) 16 (D) 16

7. Let f(θ) = 2cos⁡ θ − cos2 ⁡ θ, ∀θ ∈ R then which one of the following relation is true ?
1
(A) −2 ≤ f(θ) ≤ 1 (B)4 ≤ f(θ) ≤ 1
(C) −3 ≤ f(θ) ≤ 1 (D) −3 ≤ f(θ) ≤ 0
9x2 sin2 ⁡ x+4
8. The minimum value of the expression for x ∈ (0, π) is
xsin⁡ x

16 8
(A) (B) 6 (C) 12 (D) 3
3

9. Calculate the value of tan⁡ 20∘ + 4sin⁡ 20∘

3
(A) 2 (B) √3 (C) 2√3 (D) 2

10. If y = 9sec 2 ⁡ x + 16cosec 2 ⁡ x, find the minimum value of y⁡∀⁡x ∈ R.

(A) 25 (B) 36 (C) 42 (D) 49

11. If 4sinx ⋅ cosy + 2sinx + 2cosy + 1 = 0 where x⁡, y ∈ [0,2π] find the largest possible value of the
sum (x + y)
23π 7π 19π
(A) (B) (C) (D) 3π
6 2 6

APNI KAKSHA 10
(MATHEMATICS) COMPOUND ANGLE
1
12. If p(x) = sinx⁡(sin3 x + 3) + cosx⁡(cos3 x + 4) + 2 sin2 2x + 5, then find the sum of the least and
greatest values of p(x).

(A) 8 (B) 12 (C) 16 (D) 20

π 3π 5π 7π
13. Find the exact value of tan2 16 + tan2 16 + tan2 16 + tan2 16

(A) 21 (B) 24 (C) 28 (D) 36

p
14. If sec⁡ θ + tan⁡ θ = 12, then sec⁡ θ = q , (p, q ∈ N in lowest from), and p + q = k 2 , find |k|
(A) 6 (B) 8 (C) 10 (D) 13

1 ∘
15. If cot⁡ (7 2) = √p + √q + √r + √s, where p, q, r, s ∈ N, such that, p < q < r < s, then (p + s) −
(q + r) equals:
(A) -1 (B) 0 (C) 1 (D) 2

APNI KAKSHA 11
(MATHEMATICS) COMPOUND ANGLE
EXERCISE–IV
1. The sum of the radii of inscribed and circumscribed circles for an n sided regular polygon of side
a, is [AIEEE 2003]
a π π a π π
(A) 4 cot⁡ (2n) (B) acot⁡ (n) (C) 2 cot⁡ (2n) (D) acot⁡ (2n)

2. A person standing on the bank of a river observes that the angle of elevation of the top a tree on
the opposite bank of the river is 60∘ and when he retires 40 meters away from the tree the angle
of elevation becomes 30∘ . The breadth of the river is [AIEEE 2004]
(A) 60 m (B) 30 m (C) 40 m (D) 20 m

3. Let α and β be such that π < α − β < 3π. If sin⁡ α + sin⁡ β = −21/65 and cos⁡ α + cos⁡ β =
−27/65, then the value of cos⁡[(α − β)/2] is [AIEEE 2004]
3 3 6 6
(A) − (B) (C) 65 (D) − 65
√130 √130

4. If u = √a2 cos 2 ⁡ θ + b 2 sin2 ⁡ θ + √a2 sin2 ⁡ θ + b 2 cos 2 ⁡ θ, then the difference between the maximum
and minimum values of u2 is given by [AIEEE 2004]
(A) 2(a + b
2 2)
(B) 2√a + b
2 2 (C) (a + b) 2
(D) (a − b)2

5. If 0 < x < π and cos⁡ x + sin⁡ x = 1/2, then tan⁡ x is [AIEEE 2006]
(1−√7) (4−√7) (4+√7) (1+√7)
(A) (B) (C) − (D)
4 3 3 4

6. A tower stands at the centre of a circular park. A and B are two points on the boundary of the
park such that AB (= a) subtends an angle of 60∘ at the foot of the tower, and the angle of elevation
of the top of the tower from A or B is 30∘ . The height of the tower is
[AIEEE 2007]
a 2a
(A) (B) a√3 (C) (D) 2a√3
√3 √3

7. AB is a vertical pole with B at the ground level and A at the top. A man finds that the angle of
elevation of the point A from a certain point C on the ground is 60∘ . He moves away from the pole
along the line BC to a point D such that CD = 7 m. From D the angle of elevation of the point A is
45∘ . Then the height of the pole is [AIEEE 2008]
7√3 1 7√3 7√3 7√3 1
(A) m (B) (√3 + 1)m (C) (√3 − 1)m (D) m
2 √3−1 2 2 2 √3+1

8. Let A and B denote the statements

A: cos⁡ α + cos⁡ β + cos⁡ γ = 0 B : sin⁡ α + sin⁡ β + sin⁡ γ = 0

3
If cos⁡(β − γ) + cos⁡(γ − α) + cos⁡(α − β) = − 2, then [AIEEE 2009]
(A) A is true and B is false (B) A is false and B is true

(C) Both A and B are true (D) Both A and B are false

APNI KAKSHA 12
(MATHEMATICS) COMPOUND ANGLE
9. For a regular polygon, let r and R be the radii of the inscribed and the circumscribed circles. A
false statement among the following is [AIEEE 2010]
r 1
(A) There is a regular polygon with R =
√2
r 2
(B) There is a regular polygon with R = 3
r √3
(C) There is a regular polygon with R = 2
r 1
(D) There is a regular polygon with R = 2

10. Let cos⁡(α + β) = 4/5 and let sin⁡(α − β) = 5/13, where 0 ≤ α, β ≤ π/4. Then tan⁡ 2α is equal to
[AIEEE 2010]
20 25 56 19
(A) (B) 16 (C) 33 (D) 12
7
11. If A = sin2 ⁡ x + cos4 ⁡ x, then for all real x [AIEEE 2011]
3 13 3 13
(A) 4 ≤ A ≤ 16 (B) 4 ≤ A ≤ 1 (C) 16 ≤ A ≤ 1 (D) 1 ≤ A ≤ 2

12. In a △ PQR, if 3⁡sinP + 4⁡cosQ = 6 and 4⁡sinQ + 3⁡cosP = 1, then the angle R is equal to
[AIEEE 2012]
5π π π 3π
(A) (B) 6 (C) 4 (D)
6 4

tan⁡ A cot⁡ A
13. The expression 1−cot⁡ A + 1−tan⁡ A can be written as : [JEE-Mains 2013]
(A) secA + cosecA (B) sinA⁡cosA + 1
(C) secA⁡cosecA + 1 (D) tanA + cotA

1
14. Let fk (x) = k (sink ⁡ x + cosk ⁡ x) where x∈R and k ≥ 1. Then f4 (x) − f6 (x) equals
[JEE-Mains 2014]
1 1 1 1
(A) 12 (B) 6 (C) 3 (D) 4

15. A bird is sitting on the top of a vertical pole 20 m high and its elevation from a point O on the
ground is 45∘ . It flies off hoizontally straight away from the point O. After one second, the
elevation of the bird from O is reduced to 30∘ . Then the speed (in m/s ) of the bird is
[JEE Main-2014]
(A) 20√2 (B) 20(√3 − 1) (C) 40(√2 − 1) (D) 40(√3 − √2)
16. If the angles of elevation of the top of a tower from three collinear points A, B and C on a line
leading to the foot of the tower, are 30∘ , 45∘ and 60∘ respectively, then the ratio, AB: BC, is
[JEE Main-2015]
(A) 1: √3 (B) 2: 3 (C) √3: 1 (D) √3: √2
17. Let a vertical tower AB have its end A on the level ground. Let C be the mid-point of AB and P be
a point on the ground such that AP = 2AB. If ∠BPC = β, then tan⁡ β is equal to :
[JEE-Mains 2017]
2 4 6 1
(A) 9 (B) 9 (C) 7 (D) 4
18. If 5(tan2 ⁡ x − cos 2 ⁡ x) = 2cos⁡ 2x + 9, then the value of cos⁡ 4x is :
[JEE-Mains 2017]
2 7 3 1
(A) 9 (B) − 9 (C) − 5 (D) 3

APNI KAKSHA 13
(MATHEMATICS) COMPOUND ANGLE
EXERCISE–V

θ
1. For a positive integer n, let fn (θ) = (tan⁡ 2) (1 + sec⁡ θ)(1 + sec⁡ 2θ)(1 + sec⁡ 4θ) … (1 +
sec⁡ 2n θ) Then [JEE '99,3]

π π π π
(A) f2 (16) = 1 (B) f3 (32) = 1 (C) f4 (64) = 1 (D) f5 (128) = 1

2. (a) Let f(θ) = sin⁡ θ(sin⁡ θ + sin⁡ 3θ). Then f(θ) : [JEE 2000 Screening. 1 out of 35]
(A) ≥ 0 only when θ ≥ 0 (B)⁡⁡⁡≤ 0⁡for all real⁡θ
(C) ≥ 0 for all real θ (D) ≤0 only when θ ≤ 0.
A B C A B C
(b) In any triangle ABC, prove that, cot⁡ + cot⁡ + cot⁡ = cot⁡ cot⁡ cot⁡ .
2 2 2 2 2 2

3. (a) Find the maximum and minimum values of 27cos2x ⋅ 81sin2x .

π
(b) Find the smallest positive values of x⁡&⁡y satisfying, x − y = 4 , cot⁡ x + cot⁡ y = 2.
[REE 2000,3]
π
4. If α + β = and β + γ = α then tan⁡ α equals [JEE 2001 (Screening), 1 out of 35]
2
(A) 2(tanβ + tanγ) (B) tanβ + tanγ

(C) tanβ + 2tanγ (D) 2tanβ + tanγ

1 1
5. If θ and ϕ are acute angles satisfying sinθ = 2 , cosϕ = 3, then θ + ϕ⁡ϵ
[JEE 2004 (Screening)]

π π π 2π 2π 5π 5π
(A) (3 , 2 ] (B) ( 2 , ) (C) ( 3 , ) (D) ( 6 , π)
3 6

6. In an equilateral triangle, 3 coins of radii 1 unit each are kept so that they touch each other and
also the sides of the triangle. Area of the triangle is

7√3 7√3
(A) 4 + 2√3 (B) 6 + 4√3 (C) 12 + (D) 3 +
4 4

7. Let θ ∈ (0, π/4) and t1 = (tan⁡ θ)tan⁡ θ , t 2 = (tan⁡ θ)cot⁡ θ , t 3 = (cot⁡ θ)tan⁡ θ , t 4 = (cot⁡ θ)cot⁡ θ , then
[JEE 2006, 3]
(A) t1 > t 2 > t 3 > t 4 (B)t 4 > t 3 > t1 > t 2
(C) t 3 > t1 > t 2 > t 4 (D) t 2 > t 3 > t1 > t 4

sin4 ⁡ x cos4 ⁡ x 1
8. If + = 5, then [JEE 2009, 4]
2 3
2 sin8 ⁡ x cos8 ⁡ x 1 1 sin8 ⁡ x cos8 ⁡ x 2
(A) tan2 ⁡ x = 3 (B) + = 125 (C) tan2 ⁡ x = 3 (D) + = 125
8 27 8 27
APNI KAKSHA 14
(MATHEMATICS) COMPOUND ANGLE
1
9. The maximum value of the expression sin2θ+3sinθ⁡cosθ+5cos2θ is [JEE 2010]

10. Two parallel chords of a circle of radius 2 are at a distance √3 + 1 apart. If the chords subtend at
π 2π
the centre, angles of and , where k > 0, then the value of [k] is
k k
[Note : [k] denotes the largest integer less than or equal to k ]. [JEE 2010]
1 1 1
11. The positive integer value of n > 3 satisfying the equation π = 2π + 3π is
sin⁡( ) sin⁡( ) sin⁡( )
n n n

[JEE 2011]
1
12. The value of ∑13
k=1   π (k−1)π π kπ is equal to [JEE Advanced 2016]
sin⁡( + )sin⁡( + )
4 6 4 6

(A) 3 − √3 (B) 2(3 − √3) (C) 2(√3 − 1) (D) 2(2 + √3)

13. Let α and β be nonzero real numbers such that 2(cos β − cos α) + cosα⁡cos⁡ β = 1. Then which of
the following is/are true? [JEE Advanced 2017]
α β α β
(A) tan (2 ) − √3tan (2) = 0 (B) √3tan (2 ) − tan (2) = 0

α β α β
(C) tan (2 ) + √3tan (2) = 0 (D) √3tan (2 ) + tan (2) = 0

14. For non-negative integers n, let [JEE Advanced 2019]

k+1 k+2
∑nk=0    sin⁡ ( π) sin⁡ (n + 2 π)
f(n) = n + 2
k+1
∑nk=0    sin2 ⁡ (
n + 2 π)
Assuming cos−1 ⁡ x takes values in [0, π], which of the following options is/are correct?
√3
(A)⁡f(4) = 2
(B)⁡sin⁡(7cos−1 ⁡ f(5)) = 0
(C)If α = tan⁡(cos−1 ⁡ f(6)), then α2 + 2α − 1 = 0
1
(D) limn→∞  f(n) = 2

1 7π kπ 7π (k+1)π π 3π
15. The value of sec −1 ⁡ (4 ∑10
k=0  sec⁡ ( 12 + ) sec⁡ ( 12 + )) in the interval [− 4 , ] equals
2 2 4

[JEE Advanced 2019]

APNI KAKSHA 15
(MATHEMATICS) COMPOUND ANGLE
ANSWER SHEET

PROFICIENCY TEST–1

1. (b) D

√3 1 √3 1 1 √3
2. (i) − (ii) − (iii) -1 (iv) − (v) 2 (vi) − (vii) −
2 √2 2 √3 2
2 2
(viii) − (ix) − (x) 1
√3 √3

1 1 3−4√3
3. (i) 0 (ii) 4 (iii)-1 (iv) 2 (v) (vi) 0
2

4. D 5. B 9. ⁡A 10. C

PROFICIENCY TEST–2

7. B 9. B 10. B 12. A

EXERCISE–I
13
1. (a) ymax = 11, ymin = 1; (b) ymax = , ymin = −1; (c) a = −4⁡&⁡b = 10
3

2. 13
5
11. p = 3, q = 2, r = 2, s = 1 12. 24 16. (a) -1, (b) √3, (c) 4, (d) √3

17. 23 19. 7 20. (1,1,2); √5 − 2

EXERCISE–II
π 5π 89 13
3. and 12 4. 6. 30∘ 7. 3 10. − √10 11. 7
12 2 4

1 1
15. 18 16. a = 3b − 2b3 18. 5 19. [− 2√2 , 2√2]

EXERCISE–III

1. B 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. C 6. A 7. C

8. C 9. B 10. D 11. A 12. B 13. C 14. D

15. C

EXERCISE–V

1. C 2. D 3. A 4. D 5. C 6. A 7. B

8. C 9. B 10. C 11. B 12. B 13. C 14. A

15. B 16. C 17. A 18. B

APNI KAKSHA 16
(MATHEMATICS) COMPOUND ANGLE
EXERCISE–V
5π π
1. A, B, C, D 2.(a) C 3. (a) max. = 35⁡ &⁡min. = 3−5 ⁡; (b) x = ;y =
12 6

4. C 5. B 6. B 7. B 8. A, B 9. 2 10. 3
11. 7 12. C 13. A, C 14. A,B,C 15. 0.00

APNI KAKSHA 17