GMP d3 5 en 20171201

Where does GMP+ FSA certification
start?
GMP+ D 3.5
Version EN: 1 december 2017
GMP+ Feed Certification scheme
gmpplus.org
Where does GMP+ FSA certification start? - D 3.5
INDEX
1 GUIDANCE THROUGH THIS DOCUMENT .......................................... 3
2 USED SYMBOLS ................................................................................... 4
3 PURCHASING REQUIREMENTS GMP+ FSA CERTIFICATION.......... 5

3.1 PURCHASE FROM GMP+ CERTIFIED SUPPLIERS ........................................... 5
3.2 EQUIVALENT CERTIFICATION SCHEMES ........................................................ 5
3.3 GATEKEEPER OPTIONS ............................................................................... 5
3.4 PURCHASE OF OTHER PRODUCTS AND SERVICES VIA HACCP APPROACH ...... 6
3.5 THE START OF GMP+ CERTIFICATION SUPPLY CHAIN .................................... 7
4 SPECIFIC FEED SUPPLY CHAINS ...................................................... 8

4.1 BY-PRODUCTS FROM THE FOOD SECTOR ..................................................... 8
4.1.1 General overview food-to-feed supply chain ......................................... 8
4.1.2 The sugar industry .............................................................................. 10
4.1.3 The dairy industry ............................................................................... 12
4.1.4 The grain industry ............................................................................... 13
4.1.5 The oil seed processing industry ......................................................... 15
4.1.6 The potato grading industry ................................................................ 17
4.1.7 Fruit and vegetables ........................................................................... 18
4.1.8 Seaweed processing industry ............................................................. 19
4.1.9 Processors of animal by-products ....................................................... 20
4.2 PURCHASE OF (FORMER) FOODSTUFFS...................................................... 23
4.3 UNPROCESSED GRAINS, SEEDS AND LEGUMES ........................................... 24
4.4 BIOFUELS SECTOR ................................................................................... 25
4.4.1 By-products of biodiesel industry ........................................................ 26
4.4.2 By-products of bio-ethanol .................................................................. 27
4.5 FEED ADDITIVES SECTOR .......................................................................... 28
4.6 MINERAL FEED MATERIALS (MINES)............................................................ 29
4.7 PRODUCING FEED MATERIALS OUT OF OTHER FEED MATERIALS ................... 31
4.8 INSECTS AND INSECT PRODUCTS ............................................................... 32
Version EN: 1 december 2017 2/34

1 Guidance through this document

One of the key principles of GMP+ FSA certification is the chain approach: all links
in the chain must take responsibility for assuring safe feed. Within GMP+ FSA certi-
fication, this is arranged via strict purchasing requirements. In general, it is required
to purchase products and services from suppliers that are also GMP+ FSA certi-
fied. But there are some exceptions to these requirements.
This document is intended to guide the GMP+ participant through the purchasing
requirements and show via some situations (‘chains’) where GMP+ FSA certifica-
tion begins and for which company (‘link’) the GMP+ FSA certification is required.
The examples are explained via a flowchart and a short description.
In chapter 2 the used symbols in the flowcharts are explained.
Chapter 3 explains the different purchase options for feed, services and other prod-
ucts. Chapter 4 shows the situations per industry in text and flowcharts.
Please note the following:

• This document is drawn up with care and based on the applicable GMP+ re-
quirements on date of publication.
• This document is intended as a guidance to GMP+ FSA certification and should
be considered as such. The requirements in the B and BA (normative) docu-
ments of the GMP+ Feed certification scheme should be followed.
• This document gives a number of examples, but does not describe every possi-
ble situation. In the event of any doubt please contact GMP+ International.

2 Used symbols
Used symbols in the flowcharts:
A feed company is active in the feed chain. This can

Feed company
be either a producer or a trader.
As the flowcharts are intended to give a brief over-
view of the chain, the many different types of compa-
nies and activities are not specified. Of course all
these companies are also part of the feed chain.
A food company is active in the food chain. The food
Food company
company with this symbol is suppling ingredients to a
food producing company or a company further in the
food chain, not selling or producing feed materials.
A company active in the chain that is not a feed or a
Other company
food company. This can for example be a producer of
biodiesel.
The colors of this symbol indicate a food producing

company that is producing a feed as a by-product.
Food producing company
A similar transition in color can be found for a non-
feed / non-food company that is producing feed as a
by-product
The by-product / feed material that is produced and
By-product supplied to a feed company.
The livestock farmer.
Livestock
Livestock farmer
farmer
The GMP+ FSA logo in the flow chart indicates that

the company / link in the chain should be GMP+ FSA
certified.
Flow of feed products from one company to the other.
Flow of non-feed products from one company to the

other. This non-feed can be foodstuffs, ingredients for
the food production, bio-ethanol, etc.
Gatekeeper In some cases a gatekeeper protocol can be used to
protocol GMP+ purchase feed from un-certified suppliers.
BA10
The use of gatekeeper protocols is explained in para-
graph 3.3 of this document.
In some cases companies need to use HACCP re-
HACCP quirements to be able to purchase products. This is
shown via the use of this symbol.

3 Purchasing requirements GMP+ FSA certification

GMP+FSA certification starts at the first company that produces feed. There are
purchase requirements for this first link in the chain. The GMP+ FSA certification
requirements regarding purchasing are quite strict. In general feed and services
must be purchased from GMP+ FSA certified suppliers. If purchase of certified
companies is not possible, companies can purchase from suppliers certified in ac-
cordance to an equivalent certification scheme. In some cases certification is not
mandatory and products can be purchased by using a gatekeeper option, such as
purchase of feed additives or (former) foodstuff. In the texture below the different
options of purchasing will be explained.
3.1 Purchase from GMP+ certified suppliers

GMP+ participants are required to buy feed and services from GMP+ certified sup-
pliers. This requirement applies to:
• Feed: feed additives, feed materials, compound feed and/or premixtures
• Services: transport, affreightment, storage & transshipment and laboratory
analyzes
The requirement guarantees that all the links in the chain apply uniform and trans-
parent safety assurance for feed and services. After all, every supplier assumes,
when guaranteeing the safety of their feed or services, the same GMP+ FSA basic
principles (HACCP, purchasing and system requirements and product norms).
3.2 Equivalent certification schemes

It is also accepted to purchase feed or services from suppliers who are certified for
an equivalent certification scheme. Even though there are differences between
equivalent certification schemes, these differences are considered minor and result
in the same level of feed safety assurance.
All equivalent certification schemes that are approved by GMP+ International are
stated in GMP+ BA10 Minimum requirements purchase.
3.3 Gatekeeper options

For some specific situations, there are gatekeeper options available. Gatekeeper
options are created because for some products and/or services it is not possible to
demand GMP+ (or equivalent) certification. The conditions and possibilities for
these gatekeeper options are described in GMP+ BA10 Minimum requirements
purchase.
Gatekeeper options are available for the following products and services:
• Feed additives
• Unprocessed agricultural products from the grower
• Grains, seeds and legumes
• (Former) Foodstuffs
• GMQ Palm oil
• Road transport (outside A-countries)
• Storage and transshipment (outside A-countries)

Responsibilities for a gatekeeper

A gatekeeper is the first link in the GMP+ chain taking responsibility for feed
safety assurance in previous (un-certified) links in the chain. This gatekeeper can
purchase from uncertified supplier under so-called gatekeeper protocol. In this
gatekeeper protocol specific requirements are laid down to ensure feed safety
assurance in previous links in the chain. This includes, for example, a HACCP
study, strict monitoring requirements and a regular supplier audit. This way the
feed materials can be brought into the GMP+ chain even though the supplier is
not GMP+ certified.
Gatekeeper protocols are included in GMP+ BA10 Minimum requirements pur-

chase. Gatekeeper protocols are only available for a limited list of products. If
there is no gatekeeper protocol mentioned for (a group of) feed, this means that
the GMP+ participant is not allowed to act as a gatekeeper and can only buy
these feed from GMP+ (or equivalent) certified suppliers.
3.4 Purchase of other products and services via HACCP approach

Not every product or service purchased by a company must be GMP+ FSA certified
because not all of them are part of the scope of the GMP+ FSA scheme. These
products or services can be purchased from uncertified suppliers, instead HACCP
requirements are applicable. Examples of products and services are:
• Cleaning agents
• Insecticides/fumigation
• Processing aids (not to be confused with technological feed additives)
• Veterinary medical products (feed medicines)
• Raw materials for the production of feed additives, feed materials and pre-
mixtures see chapter 4 for the individual industries
• Silo cleaning
• Pest control
• Etc.
The principles of HACCP are described in GMP+ D2.1 Guidelines HACCP GMP+.
HACCP approach for suppliers of the first link in the GMP+ chain
Suppliers of raw material do not themselves have to be GMP+ certified as they
are not supplying feed. The GMP+ certified company should carry out a hazards
analysis based on HACCP principles to ensure the production of safe feed. The
hazard analysis must include all the activities, actions and/or processes which
precede the actual producing of the feed materials, including the purchased raw
material.
On the basis of the result of this hazards analysis, on HACCP principles, and
also on the quality assurance which is applied by the supplier, the GMP+ certified
company will make a selection of suppliers and will adjust his (entry) check ac-
cordingly.

3.5 The start of GMP+ certification supply chain

The previous paragraphs explained the purchase options for GMP+ certified com-
panies in text. Flowchart 0 will give a visible example of the purchase options. The
next chapter will give some examples of the start of GMP+ certification supply
chain and what purchase requirements needs to be followed. The examples are ex-
plained via text and flowcharts.
Naturally, there must be compliance with the other requirements within the frame-
work of supplier and product selection. Products must be permitted for the intended
use by the relevant (national) authorities.
Supplier of feed
ingredients
Gatekeeper
Protocol GMP+ Equilavent certified
GMP+ certified supplier of
BA10 Annex x suppier of feed
feed ingredients
ingredients
Feed company
Other companies in
the feed chain
Livestock farmer
Flowchart 0: General purchase requirements

4 Specific feed supply chains

GMP+ FSA certification is required from the link where the product is created which
is intended (or will be intended) for use in the feed sector: for example a feed mate-
rial. The status of the product must be made clear by the producing company. In
other words; if a feed is created/produced by a company, this is the starting point of
GMP+ certification. The producer of the feed and each subsequent link in the chain
(including the traders and service provider) should make use of feed safety assur-
ance required in GMP+ FSA certification and should be certified accordingly.
4.1 By-products from the food sector

Feed often originate from the production process of foodstuffs. That is why this par-
agraph is dedicated to food production chains. Food producers can deliver various
types of products to the feed sector. Most common flows from food producers to
the feed industry are “by-products” that are derived from the production process of
food. That is the point where a feed material is created and the feed chain starts.
And that is also the first link in the chain where GMP+ FSA certification is applica-
ble.
A by-product defined as “a feed material that is produced as a by-product from

the food production and which is neither intended nor suitable as food”.
4.1.1 General overview food-to-feed supply chain

A general overview of the food sector is shown in flowchart 1.

Supplier of (food)
ingredients
HACCP
By-product
Food producing company (feed) Feed company
Other companies in
Retail / consumers
the feed chain
Livestock farmer
Flowchart 1: General overview food-to-feed supply chain
First link in the GMP+ chain

The first link in the GMP+ chain is the point where feed is produced. The first link in
the GMP+ chain is a food producing company as this food producing company is
producing a by-product that is sold to the feed chain as a feed material.
The GMP+ certificate is issued to the food producing company that is producing a
by-product / feed material. The scope of the GMP+ feed safety management sys-
tem stretches from the moment of creation of the by-product / feed material up to
and including delivery to a feed company.
The food producing company should be aware that in addition to foodstuffs, a feed
is created in the production process as well. It is important to realize that the risks
related to feed production can be different to the risks related to food production.
Undesirable substances can, for example, be concentrated in the feed products.
Examples of food production chains

The following paragraphs give an insight in some examples of food production
chains where by-products are produced and delivered to the feed industry:

Paragraph Food production chain

4.1.2 The sugar industry
4.1.3 The dairy industry
4.1.4 The grain industry, including:
4.1.4.1 - By-products of the processing of grains, seeds and legumes
4.1.4.2 - The bakery sector
4.1.5 The oil seed processing industry
4.1.6 The potato grading industry
4.1.7 Fruit and vegetables, including:
4.1.7.1 - Fruit and vegetables from processing companies
4.1.7.2 - Fruit and vegetables from the auction
4.1.8 Seaweed processing industry
4.1.9 Processors of animal by-products, including:
4.1.9.1 - Animal by-products from slaughterhouses
4.1.9.2 - Animal by-products from fish
The flowcharts in these paragraphs are intended as example to inform about the
start of GMP+ certification. Of course not all chains are alike, nor do they have the
same feed delivered to the feed chain. Use the examples in this document for the
general explanation it is intended to give. In case of questions, contact GMP+ Inter-
national for more information.
4.1.2 The sugar industry

A sugar producing factory is a foodstuff producing company (sugar) with a by-prod-
uct which is used in the feed sector (for example sugar beet pulp). GMP+ certifica-
tion begins at the sugar factory where the feed material sugar beet pulp is pro-
duced.

The sugar industry is worked out in flowchart 2.
Sugar beet growers
HACCP
Sugar producing Sugar beet

company Feed company
pulp
Retail / consumers Other companies in

the feed chain
Livestock farmer
Flowchart 2: The sugar industry
The scope of the GMP+ feed safety management system must include the produc-
tion of the sugar beet pulp up to and including its sale to the feed company.
Within the framework of GMP+ certification, the sugar factory carries out a proper
hazard analysis according to the HACCP principles (more information GMP+ D2.1
Guidelines HACCP GMP+). On the basis of the result of this hazards analysis and
also on the quality assurance which is applied by the supplier, the GMP+ certified
food producing company will make a selection of suppliers and will adjust his (en-
try) check accordingly.
GMP+ International has a special database with information that can support in car-
rying out a hazard analysis: FSP (Feed Support Products). Its interactive nature
and the information contained in it, offers a massive source of data which can be
used in defining the risks of the feed ingredients bought but also in drawing up the
HACCP plans. The FSP database can provide information about: the production
process of feed materials, possible hazards, facts about hazards, the limits and
monitoring data. Go to the FSP database and search the feed ingredients pur-
chased or “sugar beet pulp” produced, to find the accepted products.

4.1.3 The dairy industry

A cheese factory is a foodstuff producing company (cheese) with a by-product
which is used in the feed sector (whey). GMP+ certification begins at the cheese
factory where the feed material whey is produced. The dairy industry is worked out
in flowchart 3.
Dairy farmer –
milk producer
HACCP
Cheese producing
Whey Feed company
company
Other companies in
Retail / consumers
the feed chain
Livestock farmer
Flowchart 3: The dairy industry
tion of whey up to and including its sale to the feed company.
Fresh milk does not have to be bought from GMP+ certified suppliers. Within the
framework of GMP+ certification, the cheese factory carries out a proper hazard
analysis according to HACCP principles (more information GMP+ D2.1 Guidelines
HACCP GMP+). On the basis of the result of this hazards analysis and also on the
quality assurance which is applied by the supplier, the GMP+ certified food produc-
ing company will make a selection of suppliers and will adjust his (entry) check ac-
cordingly.
monitoring data.

Go to the FSP database and search the feed ingredients purchased or “whey” pro-
duced, to find the accepted products.
Make sure the European Regulation about animal proteins are followed. These are
written down in Regulation (EC) no. 142/2011.
4.1.4 The grain industry
4.1.4.1 By-products of the processing of grains, seeds and legumes

Grains, seeds and legumes are often used in the production of food. During the
processing of grains, seeds and legumes, by-products are created which are used
in the feed sector (for example wheat meal derived from a flour mill). GMP+ certifi-
cation begins at the company where the feed material is produced. The milling in-
dustry is worked out as examples in flowcharts 4a and 4b.
tion of the by-product up to and including its sale to the feed company.
Within the framework of GMP+ certification, the flour mill carries out a proper haz-
ard analysis according to HACCP principles (more information GMP+ D2.1 Guide-
lines HACCP GMP+). On the basis of the result of this hazards analysis and also
on the quality assurance which is applied by the supplier, the GMP+ certified food
producing company will make a selection of suppliers and will adjust his (entry)
check accordingly.
Wheat grower
Wheat supplier / collector
HACCP
Milling industry Wheat by- Feed company

product
Other companies in
Bakery, etc. the feed chain
Livestock farmer
Flowchart 4a: By-products of processing of wheat

Rice grower
Rice supplier / collector
HACCP
Milling industry Rice by- Feed company

product
Other companies in
Retail / consumers the feed chain
Livestock farmer
Flowchart 4b: By-products of processing of rice
4.1.4.2 The bakery sector

Also at the next step in this sector, the bakery, feed materials (such as bread re-
mains) are created that are delivered to the feed industry. GMP+ certification in that
case begins at the bakery where the feed material ‘bread remains’ is produced.
This can be by-products originating from the production process, or can be returned
products from supermarkets or bakery shops. The bakery sector is worked out in
flowchart 5.
tion of the by-product up to and including its sale to the feed company.
The ingredients for the bakery do not have to be purchased from GMP+ certified
suppliers. Within the framework of GMP+ certification, the bakery carries out a
proper hazard analysis according to HACCP principles (more information GMP+
D2.1 Guidelines HACCP GMP+). On the basis of the result of this hazards analysis
and also on the quality assurance which is applied by the supplier, the GMP+ certi-
fied food producing company will make a selection of suppliers and will adjust his
(entry) check accordingly.

chased or “bakery” to find the accepted products.
Supplier of bread
ingredients
HACCP
Bakery Bread Feed company

remains
Gatekeeper
protocol GMP+
BA10 Annex 6
Other companies in
the feed chain
(Former)
foodstuff
Supermarket Livestock farmer
Flowchart 5: Bakery sector
In case the bakery is also including returned products from a supermarket into the
feed material ‘bread remains’, the applicable gatekeeper protocol can be found in
GMP+ BA10 Minimum requirements purchase, Annex 6 “Gatekeeper protocol for
purchase of (former) foodstuffs”. This gatekeeper protocol is limited to the purchase
of (former) foodstuffs as defined in this Annex.
The returned products may originate from their own bakery or from third parties. In
the event of returns from third parties, it should be clear that these returned prod-
ucts were also originally produced under a HACCP system.
4.1.5 The oil seed processing industry

Various by-products from the oil seed processing industry can be designated as
feed. In the case of oil seed crushers (for example) a by-product is created which is
used in the feed sector (such as expellers or meal). GMP+ certification begins at
the crusher at the moment when the feed material expellers or meal is created.
Also from refinery industry, feed materials can be created as a by-product. The oil
seed processing industry is worked out in flowchart 6.

tion of the by-products up to and including its sale to the feed company.
Within the framework of GMP+ certification, the oil seed crusher carries out a
proper hazard analysis according to HACCP principles (more information GMP+
D2.1 Guidelines HACCP GMP+).
On the basis of the result of this hazards analysis and also on the quality assurance
which is applied by the supplier, the GMP+ certified food producing company will
make a selection of suppliers and will adjust his (entry) check accordingly.
chased or “oil seeds expellers or meal” produced, to find the accepted products.
Oil seed growers
Gatekeeper
Protocol GMP+
BA10 Annex 4
Oil seed collector Oil seed collector
HACCP HACCP
Expellers /
Oil seed crushers Feed company
meal
Refinery By- Other companies in

products the feed chain
Retail / consumers Livestock farmer
Flowchart 6: Oil seed industry

4.1.6 The potato grading industry

A potato grading company is a foodstuff (potatoes) company with a by-product
which is used in the feed sector (feed potatoes). GMP+ certification begins at the
potato grading company where the feed material is produced. The potato grading
industry is worked out in flowchart 7.
tion of the feed potatoes up to and including its sale to the feed company.
Within the framework of GMP+ certification, the potato grading company carries out
a proper hazard analysis according to the HACCP principles (more information
GMP+ D2.1 Guidelines HACCP GMP+). On the basis of the result of this hazards
analysis and also on the quality assurance which is applied by the supplier, the
GMP+ certified food producing company will make a selection of suppliers and will
adjust his (entry) check accordingly.
chased or “feed potatoes” produced, to find the accepted products.
Growers of potatoes
HACCP
Potato grading company Feed Feed company

potatoes
Other companies in
Potato processing industry the feed chain
Livestock
Livestock farmer
farmer
Flowchart 7 : Potato grading industry

4.1.7 Fruit and vegetables
4.1.7.1 Fruit and vegetables from processing companies

Fruit and vegetables can be designated as feed at various different moments. For
example at a processing company where a by-product (such as cut-outs) is created
which is designated as feed. The GMP+ chain starts at the processing company
where these by-products are created. The fruit and vegetable chain is worked out in
flowchart 8.
tion of the chicory roots up to and including its sale to the feed company.
Within the framework of GMP+ certification, the chicory processing company car-
ries out a proper hazard analysis according to the HACCP principles (more infor-
mation GMP+ D2.1 Guidelines HACCP GMP+). On the basis of the result of this
hazards analysis and also on the quality assurance which is applied by the sup-
plier, the GMP+ certified food producing company will make a selection of suppliers
and will adjust his (entry) check accordingly.
chased or “vegetables” produced, to find the accepted products.
Chicory grower
HACCP
Chicory processing
Chicory roots Feed company
company
Other companies in
Retail / consumers
the feed chain
Livestock
Livestock farmer
farmer
Flowchart 8: Chicory industry

4.1.7.2 Fruit and vegetables from the auction

Unprocessed fruit and vegetables as withdrawals from an auction can be pur-
chased by a GMP+ company. The auction does not have to be GMP+ certified for
these products. The purchasing GMP+ certified feed company is counted as the
first for which a certification is required. Prior to the purchase of the withdrawn
products the GMP+ certified company carries out its own hazards analysis accord-
ing to the HACCP principles (more information GMP+ D2.1 Guidelines HACCP
GMP+). On the basis of the results of this analysis and also on any quality guaran-
tees which may be offered by the auction / growers, the company will make a deci-
sion, take any control measures and carry out an entry check. The GMP+ certified
feed company and the auction house will record this in a written agreement. In
flowchart 9 there is an example of this process.
Grower fruit and

vegetables
Withdrawn HACCP
Auction Feed company
products
HACCP
Fruit and vegetable By-products Other companies in

processing company feed the feed chain
Retail / consumers Livestock farmer
Flowchart 9: Fruit and vegetable from an auction
4.1.8 Seaweed processing industry

A seaweed processor is a company that produces products which can used in the
feed sector (for example seaweed meal). GMP+ certification begins at the seaweed
processor where the feed material is produced. The seaweed processing industry
is worked out in flowchart 10.
The scope of the GMP+ feed safety management system must include the pro-
cessing of seaweed up to and including its sale to the feed company.
The seaweed does not have to be bought from GMP+ certified harvesters (in case
of seaweed harvested from the sea) or grower (in case of seaweed grown by a
farmer). Within the framework of GMP+ certification, the seaweed processor carries
out a proper hazard analysis according to the HACCP principles (more information
GMP+ D2.1 Guidelines HACCP GMP+).

which is applied by the supplier, the GMP+ certified seaweed processor will make a
selection of suppliers and will adjust his (entry) check accordingly.
chased or “seaweed meal” produced, to find the accepted products.
Seaweed harvester /
grower
HACCP
Seaweed processing Seaweed

company Feed company
meal
Other companies in
Retail / consumers
the feed chain
Livestock
Livestock farmer
farmer
Flowchart 10: Seaweed processing industry
4.1.9 Processors of animal by-products
4.1.9.1 Animal by-products from slaughterhouses

Animal by-products can be designated as feed under very strict legal conditions.
These requirements are laid down in Reg. (EG) 142/2011. Only products which are
classified as so-called Cat. 3 material can be designated as feed. The processing
of animal by-products is worked out in flowchart 11.
GMP+ certification begins at the point of the processor of Cat. 3 material. That is
the point where animal by-products are created that are used as feed.

Within the framework of GMP+ certification, the Cat. 3 processor carries out a
proper hazard analysis according to the HACCP principles (more information
GMP+ certified cat. 3 processing company will make a selection of suppliers and
will adjust his (entry) check accordingly.
chased or “animal by-products” produced, to find the accepted products.
Slaughterhouse
Retail / consumers
Meat processing company
Slaughter by-products
(unprocessed Cat. 3
material)
HACCP
Processor of Processed
Cat. 3 material animal by- Feed company
products
Other companies in
Cosmetics / fuel
the feed chain
Livestock
Livestock farmer
farmer
Flowchart 11: Processors of animal by-products

4.1.9.2 Animal by-products from fish

By-products from fish such as fish meal or fish oil are common used in the feed
chain. For the purchase of the raw materials the requirements are laid down in
flowchart 12. The fish meal and fish oil producer carries out a proper hazard analy-
sis and does an entry check. For the production of fish meal and fish oil a Risk As-
sessment is available on the website of GMP+ International.
Within the framework of GMP+ certification, producer of fish oil and fish meal car-
ries out a proper hazard analysis according to the HACCP principles (more infor-
mation GMP+ D2.1 Guidelines HACCP GMP+). On the basis of the result of this
hazards analysis and also on the quality assurance which is applied by the sup-
plier, the GMP+ certified cat. 3 processing company will make a selection of suppli-
ers and will adjust his (entry) check accordingly.
chased or “fish oil or meal” produced, to find the accepted products.
Aquaculture Wild Catch
HACCP Processor of
Retail / consumers Processor of fish
Cat. 3 material
Fish by-products
(unprocessed Cat. 3 Fish meal /
material) fish oil
Other companies in
the feed chain
Livestock farmer
Flowchart 12: Processors of fish

4.2 Purchase of (former) foodstuffs

Besides the production of by-products by food producing companies, there are
other products that can be derived from food companies. These are foodstuffs and
former foodstuffs. The definitions from GMP+ BA10 Minimum requirements pur-
chase, Annex 6 “Gatekeeper protocol for purchase of (former) foodstuffs”:
Product Definition
Foodstuff Finished food products, which were manufactured for hu-
(intended for man consumption in full compliance with relevant national
use as feed) legislation and labelled as foodstuff by the food company,
but which are no longer intended for human consumption
due to practical, logistical or commercial reasons and do not
present any health risks when used as feed.
Producers from (former) foodstuffs do not have to be certified for the production of
these products as they were intended for food. A feed company can purchase
these (former) foodstuffs via a gatekeeper protocol. The requirements for the pur-
chase of (former) foodstuffs are laid down in GMP+ BA10 Minimum requirements
purchase, Annex 6 “Gatekeeper protocol for purchase of (former) foodstuffs”. This
protocol can only be used to purchase (former) foodstuffs. If the product is sold as
feed to the feed company, the general purchasing requirements apply (see the
other examples in 4.1).
chased to find the accepted products.
Flowchart 13 shows the purchase of (former) foodstuffs.
Supplier of bread
ingredients
Gatekeeper
protocol GMP+
Bakery Cookies BA10 Annex 6
Feed company
Retail / consumers Other companies in

the feed chain
Livestock
Livestock farmer
farmer
Flowchart 13: (Former) Foodstuffs

4.3 Unprocessed grains, seeds and legumes

Unprocessed grains, seeds and legumes can be purchased via a gatekeeper
protocol. Within the GMP+ purchasing requirements, there are two options to use a
gatekeeper protocol, which are also shown in flowchart 14.
1 2
Unprocessed agricultural
products from grower
Gatekeeper
Protocol GMP+
BA10 Annex 4 Collector*
Gatekeeper
Protocol GMP+
Collector BA10 Annex 5
Feed company
Other companies in
the feed chain
Livestock farmer
*Not applicable for A countries
Flowchart 14: Unprocessed grains, seeds and legumes
Option 1: Purchase directly from the grower

As there are no GMP+ certified growers (these companies are not included in the
scope of GMP+ certification), it is possible to buy unprocessed grains, seeds and
legumes directly from a non-certified grower. In this case the first GMP+ participant
in the chain must implement gatekeeper requirements.

The first GMP+ participant in the chain can be a collector (as shown in flowchart 4),
but it can also be a compound feed producer. In all cases, the products must be
purchased directly from the grower.
The applicable gatekeeper protocol can be found in the GMP+ BA10 Minimum re-
quirements purchase, Annex 4 “Gatekeeper protocol for purchase of unprocessed
agricultural products from the grower”.
When a collector purchases grain however the destination is unknown (either food
or feed), the collector must make sure that products comply with requirements of
the GMP+ BA10 Annex 4 gatekeeper option. When the collector does not comply
with requirements, it cannot sell products to GMP+ certified companies.
Option 2: Purchase from an uncertified chain (non A countries)

It is also possible to purchase unprocessed grains, seeds and legumes from a com-
pletely un-certified chain. In this case both the grower and also the collector has no
GMP+ certificate. Also in this case the first GMP+ participant in the chain must im-
plement gatekeeper requirements.
The applicable gatekeeper protocol can be found in the GMP+ BA10 Minimum re-
quirements purchase, Annex 5 “Gatekeeper protocol for purchase of grains, seeds
and legumes”. This gatekeeper protocol is limited to certain countries of origin and
cannot be used within ‘A-countries’.
When a company purchases grain however the destination is unknown (either food
or feed), the company must make sure that products comply with requirements of
the GMP+ BA10 Annex 5 gatekeeper option. When the company does not comply
with requirements, it cannot sell products to GMP+ certified companies.
For more information about gatekeeping see paragraph 3.3.
4.4 Biofuels sector

Also from the production process of biofuels, certain by-products are produced
which are designated for feed. Because in this case this is not a foodstuffs produc-
ing company but a technical factory, the application of the HACCP system is not le-
gally mandatory for the biodiesel manufacturer or its previous links.
GMP+ certification begins at the point where by-products are created that are used
as feed.
The raw materials for the biofuel producer do not have to be bought from GMP+
certified suppliers. Within the framework of GMP+ certification, the producer carries
GMP+ D2.1 Guidelines HACCP GMP+).

which is applied by the supplier, the GMP+ certified company will make a selection
of suppliers and will adjust his (entry) check accordingly.
Two examples are worked out in the next paragraphs.
4.4.1 By-products of biodiesel industry

During the production of biodiesel from rapeseed, the by-products rapeseed meal
and glycerin are created which are designated as feed. The scope of the GMP+
feed safety management system stretches from the moment when these by-prod-
ucts are created up to and including the sale in the feed sector.
Flowchart 15 shows the production of by-products of the biodiesel industry.
Rapeseed growers
HACCP
Oil seed processing Rapeseed Feed company

(incl. refinery) meal
Other companies in
Biodiesel factory Glycerine
the feed chain
Fuel industry Livestock farmer
Flowchart 15: By-products of biodiesel industry

4.4.2 By-products of bioethanol

During the production of bioethanol the by-product distiller’s grain is created which
is designated as feed. The scope of the GMP+ feed safety management system
stretches from the moment when these by-products are created up to and including
the sale in the feed sector.
Flowchart 16 shows the production of by-products of the bioethanol industry.
Agro industry
HACCP
Distillery company Distiller s Feed company

grain
Fuel industry Other companies in

the feed chain
Livestock
Livestock farmer
farmer
Flowchart 16: By-products of bioethanol industry

4.5 Feed additives sector

GMP+ certification can start at the company where a feed additive is produced for
feed. But via a gatekeeper protocol it is also possible to buy a feed from a non-cer-
tified supplier. Both options are worked out in flowchart 17.
1 2
Supplier of raw materials
for feed additives
HACCP
Producer of feed additives
Gatekeeper
Protocol GMP+
Producer of feed additives BA10 Annex 3
Feed company
Other companies in
the feed chain
Livestock farmer
Flowchart 17: Feed additives sector
Option 1: Feed additive producer is GMP+ FSA certified

In this situation, the GMP+ certification starts at the point where the feed additive is
produced. The scope of the GMP+ feed safety management system of the feed ad-
ditive producer must include the production of the feed additives up to and including
its sale to the feed company.

The raw materials for feed additive production do not have to be bought from
GMP+ certified suppliers. Within the framework of GMP+ certification, the feed ad-
ditive producer carries out a proper hazard analysis according to the HACCP princi-
ples (more information GMP+ D2.1 Guidelines HACCP GMP+).
which is applied by the supplier, the GMP+ certified company will make a selection
of suppliers and will adjust his (entry) check accordingly.
Option 2: Purchase from an uncertified chain

It is also possible to purchase feed additives from a completely un-certified chain.
The GMP+ certified feed company (for example a premixture company) is allowed
to purchase feed additives from a non-GMP+ certified supplier or a producer of
feed additives. The GMP+ certified company should however comply with a num-
ber of additional so-called Gatekeeper requirements. These are included in GMP+
BA10 Minimum requirements purchase, Annex 3 “Gatekeeper protocol for pur-
chase of additives”.
In both cases, the legal requirements for feed additives must be met. This means,
for example, that for feed additives that are produced and / or sold on the European
market, the European regulation VE 1831/2003 applies. All feed additives must be
included in the list of approved feed additives in order to be used within GMP+ cer-
tification.
4.6 Mineral feed materials (mines)

For the production of feed materials or feed additives sometimes raw materials
come from mines. The products mined from the mines are not considered a feed
material yet but a raw material which the GMP+ company processes into a feed
material. Because the mine is not producing feed, GMP+ is not required.
The processing GMP+ company purchasing the raw materials from a mine need to
conduct a hazard analysis according to the HACCP principles (more information
GMP+ D2.1 Guidelines HACCP GMP+) to make sure the raw materials are safe. In
case the mine is also processing the raw material into a feed material, the activities
of the production of the feed should be covered in the feed safety management
system.
Stones from a mine are only raw materials when they are not milled more than
once and not dried. As soon as the stones are processed they will be considered
as feed material and the company responsible for processing needs to become
GMP+ certified.
The status of a product, given by the company, is not leading. GMP+ requirements,
including GMP+ certification, are applicable when the product meets the description
of a feed material based on the Feed Cataloque eg. (EG) 68/2013 and/or FSP
Productlist. European companies should also be registered according Reg. (EG)
185/2005.
It is possible that on one site the stones are mined and is processed into feed ma-
terials (production of feed materials) and a part will be sold for other purpose. The
site then needs to become GMP+ certified for the feed material production process
they carry out.

The part of the mined products that is not processed can be sold as raw materials
outside the GMP+ scope.
Flowchart 18 is an example of the process and shows where GMP+ certification
begins.
chased or “calcium carbonate” produced, to find the accepted products.
Limestone mines
HACCP
Calcium
Processor of limestone carbonate Feed company
Co- Other companies in

products the feed chain
Construction Livestock farmer
Flowchart 18: The mine industry

4.7 Producing feed materials out of other feed materials

In some cases a company produces a new feed material out of other feed materials
(in this case to be considered as raw materials). The producer of the new feed ma-
terial is to be considered as the starting point of the feed chain. The feed materials
(‘raw materials’) which the company purchases, do not necessarily have to be pur-
chased from certified companies. The original feed material needs to ‘disappear’
due to combined chemical reactions resulting in a new molecule structure.
This is not an option for companies who produce products from oils and fats. In
case of any doubts or questions please always contact GMP+ International to make
sure the requirements are understood and used accordingly.
For the production of, for example, magnesium phosphate, the feed material mag-
nesium oxide is used. The supplier of the magnesium oxide does not have to be
certified for GMP+, but the producer of magnesium phosphate must carry out a
proper hazard analysis according to the HACCP principles (more information
GMP+ D2.1 Guidelines HACCP GMP+). Based on the results of this hazards analy-
sis, and also on the quality assurance which is applied by the supplier, the GMP+
certified producing company will make a selection of suppliers and will adjust his
(entry) check accordingly.
NOTE: The company that purchases the non-certified magnesium oxide cannot sell
this as GMP+ certified feed material.
Flowchart 19 gives an example of the production of a feed material using a feed

material as raw material.

Magnesium oxide Phosphoric acid
HACCP HACCP
Feed company producing

Magnesium phosphate*
Magnesium
phosphate
Other companies in
the feed chain
Livestock farmer
*The production includes chemical reactions, granulation and drying and therefore the molecule
structure changes. The exact production process is written down in the Risk Assessment ‘Magne-
sium Phosphate’
Flowchart 19: Feed ingredients used as raw materials
4.8 Insects and insect products

In Europe it is allowed to use insects and insect products in feed. The companies
who produce these insects and insect products are producers of feed materials.
They need to assure the safety of the products and demonstrate as such with a
GMP+ certificate.
The nutrition they purchase to feed their insects does not need to be GMP+ certi-
fied, HACCP principles are applicable. Neither do the mother insects used to breed
the insects. The mother insects are not intended to be used as feed and only used
for breeding. In flowchart 20 the process is defined.
Within the framework of GMP+ certification, the insect processing company carries
GMP+ certified company will make a selection of suppliers and will adjust his (en-
try) check accordingly.

chased or “insects” produced, to find the accepted products.
Mother insects producing Feed substrate producing

company company
HACCP
Insects breeding and

processing company
Insects en
insectsproducts
Other companies in
the feed chain
Livestock farmer
Flowchart 20: Insect producing industry

Where does GMP+ FSA certification start? – D 3.5
GMP+ International
Braillelaan 9
2289 CL Rijswijk
The Netherlands
t. +31 (0)70 – 307 41 20 (Office)
+31 (0)70 – 307 41 44 (Help Desk)
e. [email protected]
Disclaimer:
This publication was established for the purpose of providing information to interested parties with
respect to GMP+-standards. The publication will be updated regularly. GMP+ International B.V. is not
liable for any inaccuracies in this publication.
© GMP+ International B.V.
All rights reserved. The information in this publication may be consulted on the screen, downloaded
and printed as long as this is done for your own, non-commercial use. For other desired uses, prior
written permission should be obtained from the GMP+ International B.V.
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Where does GMP+ FSA certification

GMP+ Feed Certification scheme

1 GUIDANCE THROUGH THIS DOCUMENT .......................................... 3

2 USED SYMBOLS ................................................................................... 4

3 PURCHASING REQUIREMENTS GMP+ FSA CERTIFICATION.......... 5

4 SPECIFIC FEED SUPPLY CHAINS ...................................................... 8

Version EN: 1 december 2017 2/34

1 Guidance through this document

In chapter 2 the used symbols in the flowcharts are explained.

Please note the following:

Version EN: 1 december 2017 3/34

Used symbols in the flowcharts:

A feed company is active in the feed chain. This can

The colors of this symbol indicate a food producing

The GMP+ FSA logo in the flow chart indicates that

Flow of non-feed products from one company to the

Version EN: 1 december 2017 4/34

3 Purchasing requirements GMP+ FSA certification

3.1 Purchase from GMP+ certified suppliers

3.2 Equivalent certification schemes

3.3 Gatekeeper options

Version EN: 1 december 2017 5/34

Responsibilities for a gatekeeper

Gatekeeper protocols are included in GMP+ BA10 Minimum requirements pur-

3.4 Purchase of other products and services via HACCP approach

Version EN: 1 december 2017 6/34

3.5 The start of GMP+ certification supply chain

Flowchart 0: General purchase requirements

Version EN: 1 december 2017 7/34

4 Specific feed supply chains

4.1 By-products from the food sector

A by-product defined as “a feed material that is produced as a by-product from

4.1.1 General overview food-to-feed supply chain

Version EN: 1 december 2017 8/34

Flowchart 1: General overview food-to-feed supply chain

First link in the GMP+ chain

Examples of food production chains

Version EN: 1 december 2017 9/34

Paragraph Food production chain

4.1.2 The sugar industry

Version EN: 1 december 2017 10/34

The sugar industry is worked out in flowchart 2.

Sugar beet growers

Sugar producing Sugar beet

Retail / consumers Other companies in

Flowchart 2: The sugar industry

Version EN: 1 december 2017 11/34

4.1.3 The dairy industry

Flowchart 3: The dairy industry

Version EN: 1 december 2017 12/34

4.1.4 The grain industry

4.1.4.1 By-products of the processing of grains, seeds and legumes

Wheat supplier / collector

Milling industry Wheat by- Feed company

Flowchart 4a: By-products of processing of wheat

Version EN: 1 december 2017 13/34

Rice supplier / collector

Milling industry Rice by- Feed company

Flowchart 4b: By-products of processing of rice