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Calculus 4

1. This document provides 5 calculus exercises involving differential equations. The exercises involve finding general and specific solutions to separable, homogeneous, and initial value problems, as well as showing relationships between differential equations and other equations like those for simple harmonic motion. 2. Methods demonstrated include separating variables, finding homogeneous solutions, solving initial value problems by integrating factor methods, and rewriting differential equations in standard forms to find general solutions. 3. Key results shown are the relationships between the differential equation for simple harmonic motion and one involving velocity and position, and general solutions for various constant coefficient homogeneous differential equations.

Uploaded by

Benedictus Sedjro
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© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
14 views

Calculus 4

1. This document provides 5 calculus exercises involving differential equations. The exercises involve finding general and specific solutions to separable, homogeneous, and initial value problems, as well as showing relationships between differential equations and other equations like those for simple harmonic motion. 2. Methods demonstrated include separating variables, finding homogeneous solutions, solving initial value problems by integrating factor methods, and rewriting differential equations in standard forms to find general solutions. 3. Key results shown are the relationships between the differential equation for simple harmonic motion and one involving velocity and position, and general solutions for various constant coefficient homogeneous differential equations.

Uploaded by

Benedictus Sedjro
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CALCULUS EXERCISES 4 – Differential Equations

1. Find the general solutions of the following separable differential equations.

dy x2 dy cos2 x dy
= , = , = ex+2y .
dx y dx cos2 2y dx
2. Find the solution of the following initial value problems. On separate axes sketch the solution to each problem.
dy 1 − 2x
= , y (1) = −2,
dx y
¡ 2 ¢
dy x x +1 −1
= , y (0) = √ ,
dx 4y 3 2
2
dy 1+y
= where y (0) = 1.
dx 1 + x2
3. The equation for Simple Harmonic Motion, with constant frequency ω, is

d2 x
= −ω 2 x.
dt2
Show that
d2 x dv
2
=v
dt dx
where v =dx/dt denotes velocity. Find and solve a separable differential equation in v and x given that x = a when
v = 0.

Hence show that


x (t) = a sin (ωt + ε)
for some constant ε.

4. Find the most general solution of the following homogeneous constant coefficient differential equations:

d2 y
−y = 0,
dx2
d2 y
+ 4y = 0, where y (0) = y 0 (0) = 1,
dx2
d2 y dy
+3 + 2y = 0,
dx2 dx
d2 y dy
−4 + 4y = 0, where y (0) = y 0 (0) = 1.
dx2 dx
5. Write the left hand side of the differential equation
dy
(2x + y) + (x + 2y) = 0,
dx
in the form
d
(F (x, y)) = 0,
dx
where F (x, y) is a polynomial in x and y. Hence find the general solution of the equation.

Use this method to find the general solution of


¡ ¢ dy
(y cos x + 2xey ) + sin x + x2 ey − 1 = 0.
dx

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