DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS 193

(x) False, because y = x does not satisfy the given differential equation.
9.3 EXERCISE
Short Answer (S.A.)
dy y − x
1. Find the solution of =2 .
dx
2. Find the differential equation of all non vertical lines in a plane.
dy −2 y
3. Given that =e and y = 0 when x = 5.
dx
Find the value of x when y = 3.
dy 1
4. Solve the differential equation (x2 – 1) + 2xy = 2 .
dx x −1
dy
5. Solve the differential equation + 2 xy = y
dx
dy
6. Find the general solution of + ay = e mx
dx
dy
7. Solve the differential equation + 1= e x + y
dx
8. Solve: ydx – xdy = x2ydx.
dy
9. Solve the differential equation = 1 + x + y2 + xy2, when y = 0, x = 0.
dx
dy
10. Find the general solution of (x + 2y3) = y.
dx
 2 + sin x  dy
11. If y(x) is a solution of 
 1 + y  dx
= – cosx and y (0) = 1, then find the value

 π
of y   .
2
dy
12. If y(t) is a solution of (1 + t) – ty = 1 and y (0) = – 1, then show that
dt
1
y (1) = – .
2
 194 MATHEMATICS

13. Form the differential equation having y = (sin–1x)2 + Acos–1x + B, where A and B
are arbitrary constants, as its general solution.
14. Form the differential equation of all circles which pass through origin and whose
centres lie on y-axis.
15. Find the equation of a curve passing through origin and satisfying the differential
dy
equation (1+ x ) + 2 xy = 4 x 2 .
2
dx
dy
16. Solve : x2 = x2 + xy + y2.
dx
dy
17. Find the general solution of the differential equation (1 + y2) + (x – etan–1y) = 0.
dx
18. Find the general solution of y2dx + (x2 – xy + y2) dy = 0.
19. Solve : (x + y) (dx – dy) = dx + dy.[Hint: Substitute x + y = z after seperating dx
and dy]
dy
20. Solve : 2 (y + 3) – xy = 0, given that y (1) = – 2.
dx
21. Solve the differential equation dy = cosx (2 – y cosecx) dx given that y = 2 when
π
x= .
2
22. Form the differential equation by eliminating A and B in Ax2 + By2 = 1.
23. Solve the differential equation (1 + y2) tan–1x dx + 2y (1 + x2) dy = 0.
24. Find the differential equation of system of concentric circles with centre (1, 2).
Long Answer (L.A.)
d
25. Solve : y + ( xy ) = x (sinx + logx)
dx
26. Find the general solution of (1 + tany) (dx – dy) + 2xdy = 0.
dy
27. Solve : = cos(x + y) + sin (x + y).[Hint: Substitute x + y = z]
dx
dy
28. Find the general solution of − 3 y = sin 2 x .
dx
29. Find the equation of a curve passing through (2, 1) if the slope of the tangent to
x2 + y 2
the curve at any point (x, y) is .
2 xy
 DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS 195

30. Find the equation of the curve through the point (1, 0) if the slope of the tangent
y −1
to the curve at any point (x, y) is .
x2 + x
31. Find the equation of a curve passing through origin if the slope of the tangent to
the curve at any point (x, y) is equal to the square of the difference of the abcissa
and ordinate of the point.
32. Find the equation of a curve passing through the point (1, 1). If the tangent
drawn at any point P (x, y) on the curve meets the co-ordinate axes at A and B
such that P is the mid-point of AB.
dy
33. Solve : x = y (log y – log x + 1)
dx
Objective Type
Choose the correct answer from the given four options in each of the Exercises from
34 to 75 (M.C.Q)
2
 d 2 y   dy  2  dy 
34. The degree of the differential equation  2  +   = x sin   is:
 dx  dx dx
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) not defined
3
  dy  2  2 d 2 y
35. The degree of the differential equation 1 +    = 2 is
  dx   dx

3
(A) 4 (B) (C) not defined (D) 2
2
1
1
d 2 y  dy  4
36. The order and degree of the differential equation +   + x5 = 0 ,
dx 2  dx 
respectively, are
(A) 2 and not defined (B) 2 and 2 (C) 2 and 3 (D) 3 and 3

37. If y = e–x (Acosx + Bsinx), then y is a solution of

d2y dy d2y dy
(A) 2
+2 =0 (B) 2
−2 +2y = 0
dx dx dx dx

d2y dy d2y
(C) 2
+ 2 + 2y =0 (D) + 2y =0
dx dx dx 2
 196 MATHEMATICS

38. The differential equation for y = Acos αx + Bsin αx, where A and B are arbitrary
constants is
d2y d2y
(A) − α2 y = 0 (B) + α2 y = 0
dx 2 dx 2

d2y d2y
(C) + αy = 0 (D) − αy = 0
dx 2 dx 2
39. Solution of differential equation xdy – ydx = 0 represents :
(A) a rectangular hyperbola
(B) parabola whose vertex is at origin
(C) straight line passing through origin
(D) a circle whose centre is at origin
dy
40. Integrating factor of the differential equation cosx + ysinx = 1 is :
dx
(A) cosx (B) tanx (C) secx (D) sinx
41. Solution of the differential equation tany sec2x dx + tanx sec2ydy = 0 is :

(A) tanx + tany = k (B) tanx – tany = k

tan x
(C) =k (D) tanx . tany = k
tan y

42. Family y = Ax + A3 of curves is represented by the differential equation of degree

:

(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4

xdy
43. Integrating factor of – y = x4 – 3x is :
dx
1
(A) x (B) logx (C) (D) – x
x
dy
44. Solution of − y = 1 , y (0) = 1 is given by
dx
(A) xy = – ex (B) xy = – e–x (C) xy = – 1 (D) y = 2 ex – 1
 DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS 197

dy y +1
45. The number of solutions of dx = x −1 when y (1) = 2 is :

(A) none (B) one (C) two (D) infinite

46. Which of the following is a second order differential equation?

(A) (y′)2 + x = y2 (B) y′y′ + y = sinx

(C) y′′ + (y′ )2 + y = 0 (D) y′ = y2

dy
47. Integrating factor of the differential equation (1 – x2) − xy =1 is
dx
x 1
(A) – x (B) (C) 1 − x 2 log (1 – x2)
(D)
1+ x 2 2
48. tan–1 x + tan–1 y = c is the general solution of the differential equation:
dy 1 + y 2 dy 1 + x 2
(A) = (B) =
dx 1 + x 2 dx 1 + y 2
(C) (1 + x2) dy + (1 + y2) dx = 0 (D) (1 + x2) dx + (1 + y2) dy = 0
dy
49. The differential equation y + x = c represents :
dx
(A) Family of hyperbolas (B) Family of parabolas
(C) Family of ellipses (D) Family of circles
50. The general solution of ex cosy dx – ex siny dy = 0 is :
(A) ex cosy = k (B) ex siny = k
(C) ex = k cosy (D) ex = k siny
3
d 2 y  dy 
51. The degree of the differential equation +   + 6 y 5 = 0 is :
dx 2  dx 
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 5
dy
52. The solution of + y = e – x , y (0) = 0 is :
dx
(A) y = ex (x – 1) (B) y = xe–x
–x
(C) y = xe + 1 (D) y = (x + 1)e–x
 198 MATHEMATICS

dy
53. Integrating factor of the differential equation + y tan x – sec x = 0 is:
dx
(A) cosx (B) secx
(C) ecosx (D) esecx

dy 1 + y 2
54. The solution of the differential equation = is:
dx 1 + x 2
(A) y = tan–1x (B) y – x = k (1 + xy)
(C) x = tan–1y (D) tan (xy) = k
dy 1+ y
55. The integrating factor of the differential equation +y = is:
dx x
x ex
(A) (B)
ex x
x
(C) xe (D) ex
mx –mx
56. y = ae + be satisfies which of the following differential equation?
dy dy
(A) + my = 0 (B) − my = 0
dx dx

d2y d2y
(C) − m2 y = 0 (D) + m2 y = 0
dx 2 dx 2

57. The solution of the differential equation cosx siny dx + sinx cosy dy = 0 is :
sin x
(A) =c (B) sinx siny = c
sin y
(C) sinx + siny = c (D) cosx cosy = c
dy
58. The solution of x + y = ex is:
dx

ex k
(A) y = + (B) y = xex + cx
x x

ey k
(C) y = xex + k (D) x = +
y y
 DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS 199

59. The differential equation of the family of curves x2 + y2 – 2ay = 0, where a is

arbitrary constant, is:

dy dy
(A) (x2 – y2) = 2xy (B) 2 (x2 + y2) = xy
dx dx

dy dy
(C) 2 (x2 – y2) = xy (D) (x2 + y2) = 2xy
dx dx
60. Family y = Ax + A3 of curves will correspond to a differential equation of order
(A) 3 (B) 2 (C) 1 (D) not defined

dy
= 2x e x − y is :
2
61. The general solution of
dx
2
−y 2
(A) e x =c (B) e–y + e x = c
2 2
(C) ey = e x + c (D) e x +y
=c
62. The curve for which the slope of the tangent at any point is equal to the ratio of
the abcissa to the ordinate of the point is :
(A) an ellipse (B) parabola
(C) circle (D) rectangular hyperbola
x2
dy
63. The general solution of the differential equation = e 2 + xy is :
dx
− x2 x2
(A) y = ce 2 (B) y = ce 2

x2 x2
(C) y = ( x + c) e 2 (D) y = (c − x)e 2

64. The solution of the equation (2y – 1) dx – (2x + 3)dy = 0 is :

2 x −1 2 y +1
(A) 2 y + 3 = k (B) 2 x − 3 = k

2x + 3 2 x −1
(C) 2 y −1 = k (D) 2 y −1 = k
 200 MATHEMATICS

65. The differential equation for which y = acosx + bsinx is a solution, is :

d2y d2y
(A) +y=0 (B) –y=0
dx 2 dx 2

d2y d2y
(C) + (a + b) y = 0 (D) + (a – b) y = 0
dx 2 dx 2
dy
66. The solution of + y = e–x, y (0) = 0 is :
dx
(A) y = e–x (x – 1) (B) y = xex
(C) y = xe–x + 1 (D) y = xe–x

67. The order and degree of the differential equation

2
 d3y d2y  dy 
4

 dx3  − 3 + 2   = y 4 are :
dx 2  dx 

(A) 1, 4 (B) 3, 4 (C) 2, 4 (D) 3, 2

  dy 2  d 2 y
68. The order and degree of the differential equation 1+  dx   = dx 2 are :
   

3
(A) 2, (B) 2, 3 (C) 2, 1 (D) 3, 4
2
69. The differential equation of the family of curves y2 = 4a (x + a) is :
dy  dy  dy
(A) y = 4  x+  = 4a
2
(B) 2 y
dx  dx  dx
2 2
d 2 y  dy  dy  dy 
(C) y +   =0 (D) 2 x + y  – y
dx 2  dx  dx  dx 

d2y dy
70. Which of the following is the general solution of −2 + y = 0?
dx 2 dx
(A) y = (Ax + B)ex (B) y = (Ax + B)e–x
(C) y = Aex + Be–x (D) y = Acosx + Bsinx
 DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS 201

dy
71. General solution of + y tan x = sec x is :
dx
(A) y secx = tanx + c (B) y tanx = secx + c
(C) tanx = y tanx + c (D) x secx = tany + c

dy y
72. Solution of the differential equation + = sin x is :
dx x
(A) x (y + cosx) = sinx + c (B) x (y – cosx) = sinx + c
(C) xy cosx = sinx + c (D) x (y + cosx) = cosx + c
73. The general solution of the differential equation (ex + 1) ydy = (y + 1) exdx is:
(A) (y + 1) = k (ex + 1) (B) y + 1 = ex + 1 + k
 e x + 1
(C) y = log {k (y + 1) (ex + 1)} (D) y = log  y + 1  + k
 
dy x–y
74. The solution of the differential equation = e + x2 e–y is :
dx
x3
(A) y = ex–y – x2 e–y + c (B) ey – ex = +c
3
x3 x3
(C) ex + ey = +c (D) ex – ey = +c
3 3
dy 2 xy 1
75. The solution of the differential equation dx + = is :
1+ x (1+ x 2 )2
2

y
(A) y (1 + x2) = c + tan–1x (B) = c + tan–1x
1+ x 2
(C) y log (1 + x2) = c + tan–1x (D) y (1 + x2) = c + sin–1x
76. Fill in the blanks of the following (i to xi)
dy
d 2 y dx
(i) The degree of the differential equation + e = 0 is _________.
dx 2
2
 dy 
(ii) The degree of the differential equation 1+   = x is _________.
 dx 
 202 MATHEMATICS

(iii) The number of arbitrary constants in the general solution of a differential

equation of order three is _________.

dy y 1
(iv) + = is an equation of the type _________.
dx x log x x

dx
(v) General solution of the differential equation of the type dy + P1 x = Q1

is given by _________.

xdy
(vi) The solution of the differential equation + 2 y = x 2 is _________.
dx

dy
(vii) The solution of (1 + x2) +2xy – 4x2 = 0 is _________.
dx
(viii) The solution of the differential equation ydx + (x + xy)dy = 0 is ______.

dy
(ix) General solution of + y = sinx is _________.
dx
(x) The solution of differential equation coty dx = xdy is _________.
dy 1+ y
(xi) The integrating factor of + y= is _________.
dx x
77. State True or False for the following:
dx
(i) Integrating factor of the differential of the form dy + p1 x = Q1 is given

by e ∫ p1dy .

dx
(ii) Solution of the differential equation of the type dy + p1 x = Q1 is given

by x.I.F. = (I.F) × Q1dy .

(iii) Correct substitution for the solution of the differential equation of the
dy
type = f ( x, y ) , where f (x, y) is a homogeneous function of zero
dx
degree is y = vx.
 DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS 203

(iv) Correct substitution for the solution of the differential equation of the
dx
type = g ( x, y ) where g (x, y) is a homogeneous function of the
dy
degree zero is x = vy.
(v) Number of arbitrary constants in the particular solution of a differential
equation of order two is two.
(vi) The differential equation representing the family of circles
x2 + (y – a)2 = a2 will be of order two.

1
dy  y  3 2 2
(vii) The solution of =   is y 3 – x 3 = c.
dx  x 

(viii) Differential equation representing the family of curves

d2y dy
y = ex (Acosx + Bsinx) is 2
– 2 + 2y =0
dx dx

dy x + 2 y
(ix) The solution of the differential equation = is x + y = kx2.
dx x

xdy y  y
(x) Solution of = y + x tan is sin   = cx
dx x  x

(xi) The differential equation of all non horizontal lines in a plane is

d 2x
=0 .
dy 2