Review On MNBR NH 227 Me-Ch R1

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CONCESSIONAIRE:

SUNWAY RNSIL MC PVT LTD

4/1/2022

INDEPENDENT REVIEW
ON HYDROLOGY OF
MINOR BRIDGES ON
MEENSURUTTI –
CHIDAMBARAM NH
227

Prepared By:
Manoj Patne
Prime Consulting Group
April 2022
REVIEW OF HYDROLOGICAL STUDIES OF MINOR BRIDGES ON MEENSURUTTI – CHIDAMBARAM NH 227__________

REVIEW OF HYDROLOGICAL AND HYDRAULIC STUDIES FOR MINOR


BRIDGES ON MEENSURUTTI – CHIDAMBARAM NH – 227 IN THE STATE OF
TAMIL NADU

1. INTRODUCTION & SCOPE OF WORK


The Two Laning with Paved Shoulders of Meensurutti to Chidambaram Section
from Ch. 98.433 km to Ch. 129.965 km of NH – 227 on Hybrid Annuity mode under
Bharatmala Pariyojana phase – I in Tamil Nadu State has been awarded Sunway
Construction Sdn Bhd – RNS Infrastructure Ltd (Consortium). The Design
Consultant M/s Sper Infra Consultants Private Ltd. has conducted the studies on
the Hydrology of the Bridges and a report was submitted vide doc. no.
NH227/SIC/HYD/MNB/DC/003 in the month of June 2021. The Concessionaire
wishes to have an independent review on the hydrological studies conducted for
the minor bridges and hence requested M/s Prime Consulting Group based at
Gurugram to carry out an independent analysis and submit the review report.

The Scope of the work is mentioned below:


i. Review of input data (rainfall value, return period, etc.) used in the
calculations.
ii. Review of Hydrological & hydraulic calculations
iii. Concluding remarks on the span arrangement

The above scope is to be carried out for the following number of bridges as listed
below in Table 1:

Table 1: List of Minor Bridges to be reviewed

Sr. CA Design Proposed Type of Span ArrangementType of


No. Chainage Chainage Type of Construction in 'm' as per Stream
Structure Schedule B
1 101.930 101.931 Minor bridge New 2 x 8.0 Pond
2 102.380 102.380 Minor bridge New 2 x 10.0 Pond
3 104.114 104.112 Minor bridge New 1 x 10.0 Canal
4 106.640 106.644 Minor bridge New 1 x 7.0 Canal
5 107.257 107.255 Minor bridge New 1 x 10.0 Canal
6 108.155 108.155 Minor bridge New 2 x 8.0 Canal
7 111.593 111.591 Minor bridge New 1 x 7.0 Canal

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REVIEW OF HYDROLOGICAL STUDIES OF MINOR BRIDGES ON MEENSURUTTI – CHIDAMBARAM NH 227__________

8 111.996 111.996 Minor bridge New 1 x 6.0 Canal


9 118.944 118.939 Minor bridge New 1 x 10.0 Canal
10 122.030 122.023 Minor bridge New 1 x 22.0 Canal
11 125.201 125.197 Minor bridge New 1 x 10.0 Canal
12 125.296 125.289 Minor bridge New 1 x 7.0 Canal
13 125.916 125.913 Minor bridge New 2 x 8.0 Canal
14 126.014 126.015 Minor bridge New 1 x 10.0 Canal
15 126.034 126.034 Minor bridge New 1 x 10.0 Canal

2. DATA COLLECTION
The following data was made available to the review consultant by the
Concessionaire:
i. Hydrology Report for Bridges prepared by Design Consultant SIC Pvt.
ltd. (Doc. No. NH227/SIC/HYD/MNB/DC/003)
ii. Drone video of the highway section
iii. List of minor bridges to be reviewed
iv. .kmz file of the highway section
v. Hydraulic data of the existing bridges by Water Resources Department,
Chidambaram
vi. Toposurvey data of the proposed highway section

3. INPUT DATA VERIFICATION


a. Return Period

As per the hydrology report, the bridges are designed for 1 in 100-year
return period as per IRC: 5 – 1998 (Standard Specifications and Code of
Practice for Road Bridges, Section – 1, General Features of Design). This
is applicable for the bridges proposed over natural streams/nala/rivers.
As all the minor bridges listed at Table 1 are proposed over the canals, the
flood return period is not required and applicable. The hydraulic data of the
canals is of utmost importance in designing the bridges.
b. Rainfall value corresponding to Return period

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REVIEW OF HYDROLOGICAL STUDIES OF MINOR BRIDGES ON MEENSURUTTI – CHIDAMBARAM NH 227__________

There is no mention of rainfall value in the hydrology report. The proposed


highway section falls under the Eastern Coast (Lower) Subzone 4 b. The
rainfall value corresponding to 100-year return period is about 340 mm.
But as mentioned above, all the bridges are crossing irrigation canals for
which the rainfall value is not required and hence not applicable.
c. Hydraulic Parameters of Minor Bridges as per WRD, Chidambaram
The hydrology report contains the hydraulic data acquired from the WRD,
Chidambaram. The hydraulic calculations for the bridges are done for the
design discharge or the carrying capacity of the canals. The following Table
2 illustrates the design discharge & other hydraulic parameters of the canals
as adopted in the hydrology report.

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Table 2: Hydraulic Particulars of Channels/Drains as per WRD

Sr. CA Channel Name Sill Level, FSL, m MFL, m Bed Linear Waterway Design Design
No. Chainage m Width, width, m Discharge, Discharge,
m cusecs cumecs
1 104.114 Vettuvoikkal U/s Drain 13.57 15.07 15.67 5/6.5 7.5 120 3.398
2 106.640 Kandamangalam Drain 12.995 14.345 14.945 7 5 120 3.398
3 107.257 Kurungudi Drain 13.2 14.7 15.3 9 6.8 240 6.796
4 108.155 Thamburan Branch 12.2 13.4 14 6 4 70
Channel 1.982
5 111.593 Udayarkudi Main 10.24 11.44 12.04 6 4.5 120
Channel I 3.398
6 111.996 Udayarkudi Main 10.12 11.32 11.92 6 4 100
Channel I 2.832
7 118.944 Kilavanniyur drain 4.49 7.49 8.09 8 - 40 1.133
8 122.030 Keelakorai Drain 4.2 6.7 - 25 18 600 16.99
9 125.201 Kavarapattu channel 4.32 5.53 5.75 14 13 90 2.549
10 125.296 Ekkarkonni channel 5.04 5.74 5.9 7 6.5 25 0.708
11 125.916 Coleroon North Rajan 4.07 5.67 5.9 6 4 20
Drain 0.566
12 126.014 Elanagur channel 4.09 5.2 5.35 5 4 14 0.396
13 126.034 Madapuram channel 4.28 5.18 5.4 5 3.5 15 0.425
4. REVIEW OF CALCULATIONS
I. Minor Bridge @ Design Ch. 101+931
This minor bridge is proposed on a pond having catchment area of
approximately 1.5 hectares with maximum contributing length of 0.2 km
with a drop in head of about 3.0 m. The proposed span of 2 x 8.0 m as
per Schedule ‘B’ appears to be on the higher side. As per the Hydrology
Report, the minor bridge is replaced with a single culvert of 2.0 m x 2.0
m span. The adequacy of this span arrangement has been verified as
below:

Q= 0.028 x P x f x A x IC

Where:
Q = Maximum runoff in cumecs
A = Catchment area in hectares
Ic = Critical intensity of rainfall in cm/ hr.
P = Coefficient of run-off for the given catchment
characteristics.
f = Spread factor for converting point rainfall into area mean
rainfall.
Ic = (F/T)*(T+1) / (Tc+1)

F = Total Rainfall of T hours duration (24 hrs.) in cm,


corresponding to 100 yrs return period.
T = Duration of total rainfall (F) in hours= 24 hrs.
Tc = Time of concentration in hour.

Now, the runoff coefficient, P, has been taken as 0.6 for clayey soils stiff
and bare. The annual rainfall value of 34 cm corresponding to 100-year
return period has been obtained from CWC flood estimation report for
East Coast subzone 4 b.
Critical Rainfall, Ic = 32.29 cm/hr
Time of concentration, tc = 0.1 hr.
Spread factor, f = 1
Hence, Q = 0.81 cumecs
REVIEW OF HYDROLOGICAL STUDIES OF MINOR BRIDGES ON MEENSURUTTI – CHIDAMBARAM NH 227__________

Now, the wetted area of box culvert at full, A = 4 sq. m.


Wetted perimeter, P = 6 m
Hydraulic radius, R = 0.67 m
Manning’s constant, n = 0.015
Velocity through the culvert, V = 2.28 m/sec
Actual Discharge passed, Qact = 9.10 cumecs > 0.81 cumecs ---- OK
Adequacy of discharge passed through culvert = 11.30
As per the above calculations, the provision of minor bridge is not
required and hydraulically it may be replaced with a culvert of 2.0 m x
2.0 m single span. The culvert will be a balancing structure just to pass
the flow downstream.
II. Minor Bridge @ Design Ch. 102+380
This minor bridge is proposed on a pond having catchment area of
approximately 12.10 hectares with maximum contributing length of 0.5
km with a drop in head of about 5.0 m. The proposed span of 2 x 10.0 m
as per Schedule ‘B’ appears to be on the higher side. As per the
Hydrology Report, the minor bridge is replaced with a single culvert of
2.0 m x 2.0 m span. The adequacy of this span arrangement has been
verified as below:

Q= 0.028 x P x f x A x IC

Where:
Q = Maximum runoff in cumecs
A= Catchment area in hectares
Ic = Critical intensity of rainfall in cm/ hr.
P= Coefficient of run-off for the given catchment characteristics.
f = Spread factor for converting point rainfall into area mean rainfall.
Ic = (F/T)*(T+1) / (Tc+1)

F = Total Rainfall of T hours duration (24 hrs.) in cm,


corresponding to 100 yrs return period.
T= Duration of total rainfall (F) in hours= 24 hrs.
Tc = Time of concentration in hour.

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REVIEW OF HYDROLOGICAL STUDIES OF MINOR BRIDGES ON MEENSURUTTI – CHIDAMBARAM NH 227__________

Now, the runoff coefficient, P, has been taken as 0.6 for clayey soils stiff
and bare. The annual rainfall value of 34 cm corresponding to 100-year
return period has been obtained from CWC flood estimation report for
East Coast subzone 4 b.
Critical Rainfall, Ic = 28.82 cm/hr
Time of concentration, tc = 0.23 hr.
Spread factor, f = 1
Hence, Q = 5.80 cumecs
Now, the wetted area of box culvert at full, A = 4 sq. m.
Wetted perimeter, P = 6 m
Hydraulic radius, R = 0.67 m
Manning’s constant, n = 0.015
Velocity through the culvert, V = 2.28 m/sec
Actual Discharge passed, Qact = 9.10 cumecs > 5.80 cumecs ---- OK
Adequacy of discharge passed through culvert = 1.57
As per the above calculations, the provision of minor bridge is not
required and hydraulically it may be replaced with a culvert of 2.0 m x
2.0 m single span. The culvert will be a balancing structure just to pass
the flow downstream.

III. Minor Bridge @ Design Ch. 104+112


Name of Channel: Vettuvoikkal U/s Drain

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REVIEW OF HYDROLOGICAL STUDIES OF MINOR BRIDGES ON MEENSURUTTI – CHIDAMBARAM NH 227__________

Input Data:
Design Discharge – 3.398 cumecs
HFL – 15.07 m
MFL – 15.67 m
Sill Level – 13.57 m
Bottom width of channel – 5 m
Bed Slope of channel – 0.0002 m/m i.e., 1 in 5000
Side slope – 1H:1V
Manning’s Coefficient, n – 0.065
Calculations:
Now, the depth of flow in the channel at maximum flow line
= 15.67 – 13.57 = 2.1 m
The top width of channel at maximum depth
= 5 + 2.1 +2.1 = 9.2 m

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REVIEW OF HYDROLOGICAL STUDIES OF MINOR BRIDGES ON MEENSURUTTI – CHIDAMBARAM NH 227__________

Wetted area, A = (5+9.2) *2.1/2


= 14.91 sq. m.
Wetted Perimeter, P = 2.97*2+5 = 10.94 m
Hydraulic radius, R = 1.363 m
Velocity in the channel, V = 0.267 m/sec
Velocity head, ha = 0.00363 m
The Proposed span is 6.0 m. The abutments of bridge shall be founded
on the sloping sides of the channel portion. Afflux shall be calculated
accordingly.
Considering the thickness of abutment as 1 m, the obstructed area
= 2 x 1 x 1.6 (depth) = 3.2 sq.m.
Net flowing area = 14.91 – 3.2 = 11.71 sq. m.
Velocity through the bridge section
= 3.398/11.71 = 0.290 m/sec
As per IRC 5: 2015, Cl. 106.6.2 Molesworth Formula is given by,
h = {V2/17.88 + 0.01524} x {(A/a)2 – 1}
where,
V = is the mean velocity of flow in the river prior to bridge construction
i.e. corresponding to normal HFL = 0.267 m/sec
A = Area of flow section at normal HFL in the approach river section =
14.91 sq. m.
a= Area of flow section under the bridge = 11.
Therefore, h = 0.012 m
Total afflux generated = 0.012 + 0.00363 = .01563 m
Vertical Clearance
The minimum vertical clearance above the design HFL shall be decided
as per the following Table (Refer Point 12.3, Article 12 of IRC: SP:13-
2004):
Design Discharge in cumecs Minimum Vertical clearance in mm
Up to 0.3 150
Above 0.3 and up to 3.0 450
Above 3 and up to 30 600
Above 30 and up to 300 900

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REVIEW OF HYDROLOGICAL STUDIES OF MINOR BRIDGES ON MEENSURUTTI – CHIDAMBARAM NH 227__________

Above 300 and up to 3000 1200


Above 3000 1500

Minimum vertical clearance (from above table) = 0.6 m for Q= 3.398


cumecs
Clear vent height required
= 2.1 + 0.6 + 0.012 = 2.712 m
Linear Waterway required
= 3.398/ (0.290 x 2.1) = 5.58 m
The Linear waterway required is 5.58 m as against 5.16 m as calculated
in the Hydrology Report.
Span Provided = 6.0 m -----OK
Provided 1 span of 6.0 m is justifies as per the Hydrology report.
IV. Minor Bridge @ Design Ch. 106+644
Name of Channel: Kandamangalam Drain

Input Data:
Design Discharge – 3.398 cumecs

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REVIEW OF HYDROLOGICAL STUDIES OF MINOR BRIDGES ON MEENSURUTTI – CHIDAMBARAM NH 227__________

HFL – 14.345 m
MFL – 14.945 m
Sill Level – 12.995 m
Existing Bottom width of channel – 4 m
Bed Slope of channel – 0.0004 m/m i.e., 1 in 2500
Side slope – 1H:1V
Manning’s Coefficient, n – 0.065
Calculations:
Now, the depth of flow in the channel at maximum flow line
= 14.945 – 12.995 = 1.95 m
The top width of channel at maximum depth
= 4 + 1.95 + 1.95 = 7.9 m
Wetted area, A = (4+7.9) *1.95/2
= 11.6025 sq. m.
Wetted Perimeter, P = 2.758*2+4 = 9.516 m
Hydraulic radius, R = 1.22 m
Velocity in the channel, V = 0.35 m/sec
Velocity head, ha = 0.0063 m
The Proposed span is 4.0 m. The abutments of bridge shall be founded
on the sloping sides of the channel portion. Afflux shall be calculated
accordingly.
Considering the thickness of abutment as 1 m, the obstructed area
= 2 x 1 x 1.95 (depth) = 3.9 sq.m.
Net flowing area = 11.6025 – 3.9 = 7.7025 sq. m.
Velocity through the bridge section
= 3.398/7.7025 = 0.44 m/sec
As per IRC 5: 2015, Cl. 106.6.2 Molesworth Formula is given by,
h = {V2/17.88 + 0.01524} x {(A/a)2 – 1}
where,
V = is the mean velocity of flow in the river prior to bridge construction
i.e. corresponding to normal HFL = 0.35 m/sec
A = Area of flow section at normal HFL in the approach river section =
11.6025 sq. m.
a= Area of flow section under the bridge = 4 x 1.95 = 7.8 sq. m.
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REVIEW OF HYDROLOGICAL STUDIES OF MINOR BRIDGES ON MEENSURUTTI – CHIDAMBARAM NH 227__________

Therefore, h = 0.027 m
Total afflux generated = 0.027 + 0.0063 = 0.0333 m
Vertical Clearance
The minimum vertical clearance above the design HFL shall be decided
as per the following Table (Refer Point 12.3, Article 12 of IRC: SP:13-
2004):
Design Discharge in cumecs Minimum Vertical clearance in mm
Up to 0.3 150
Above 0.3 and up to 3.0 450
Above 3 and up to 30 600
Above 30 and up to 300 900
Above 300 and up to 3000 1200
Above 3000 1500

Minimum vertical clearance (from above table) = 0.6 m for Q= 3.398


cumecs
Clear vent height required
= 1.95 + 0.6 + 0.0333 = 2.583 m
Linear Waterway required
= 3.398/ (0.44 x 1.95) = 3.96 m
The Linear waterway required is 3.96 m as against 3.32 m as calculated
in the Hydrology Report.
Span Provided = 4.0 m -----OK
Provided 1 span of 4.0 m justifies as per the Hydrology report.
V. Minor Bridge @ Design Ch. 107+255
Name of Channel: Kurungudi Drain

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REVIEW OF HYDROLOGICAL STUDIES OF MINOR BRIDGES ON MEENSURUTTI – CHIDAMBARAM NH 227__________

Input Data:
Design Discharge – 6.796 cumecs
HFL – 14.7 m
MFL – 15.3 m
Sill Level – 13.2 m
Existing Bottom width of channel – 5 m
Bed Slope of channel – 0.001 m/m i.e., 1 in 1000
Side slope – 1H:1V
Manning’s Coefficient, n – 0.065
Calculations:
Now, the depth of flow in the channel at maximum flow line
= 15.3 – 13.2 = 2.10 m
The top width of channel at maximum depth
= 5 + 2.1 + 2.1 = 9.2 m
Wetted area, A = (5+9.2) *2.1/2
= 14.91 sq. m.
Wetted Perimeter, P = 2.97*2+5 = 10.94 m

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REVIEW OF HYDROLOGICAL STUDIES OF MINOR BRIDGES ON MEENSURUTTI – CHIDAMBARAM NH 227__________

Hydraulic radius, R = 1.363 m


Velocity in the channel, V = 0.598 m/sec
Velocity head, ha = 0.018 m
The Proposed span is 5.0 m. The abutments of bridge shall be founded
on the sloping sides of the channel portion. Afflux shall be calculated
accordingly.
Considering the thickness of abutment as 1 m, the obstructed area
= 2 x 1 x 2.1 (depth) = 4.2 sq.m.
Net flowing area = 14.91 – 4.2 = 10.71 sq. m.
Velocity through the bridge section
= 3.398*2/10.71 = 0.635 m/sec
As per IRC 5: 2015, Cl. 106.6.2 Molesworth Formula is given by,
h = {V2/17.88 + 0.01524} x {(A/a)2 – 1}
where,
V = is the mean velocity of flow in the river prior to bridge construction
i.e. corresponding to normal HFL = 0.598 m/sec
A = Area of flow section at normal HFL in the approach river section =
14.91 sq. m.
a= Area of flow section under the bridge = 5 x 2.1 = 10.5 sq. m.
Therefore, h = 0.036 m
Total afflux generated = 0.036 + 0.018 = 0.054 m
Vertical Clearance
The minimum vertical clearance above the design HFL shall be decided
as per the following Table (Refer Point 12.3, Article 12 of IRC: SP:13-
2004):
Design Discharge in cumecs Minimum Vertical clearance in mm
Up to 0.3 150
Above 0.3 and up to 3.0 450
Above 3 and up to 30 600
Above 30 and up to 300 900
Above 300 and up to 3000 1200
Above 3000 1500

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REVIEW OF HYDROLOGICAL STUDIES OF MINOR BRIDGES ON MEENSURUTTI – CHIDAMBARAM NH 227__________

Minimum vertical clearance (from above table) = 0.6 m for Q= 6.796


cumecs
Clear vent height required
= 2.1 + 0.6 + 0.054 = 2.754 m
Linear Waterway required
= 3.398*2/ (0.635 x 2.1) = 5.05 m
The Linear waterway required is 5.05 m as against 4.29 m as calculated
in the Hydrology Report.
Span Provided = 5.0 m -----OK
Provided 1 span of 5.0 m justifies as per the Hydrology report.
VI. Minor Bridge @ Design Ch. 108+155
Name of Channel: Thamburan Branch Channel

Input Data:
Design Discharge – 1.982 cumecs
HFL – 13.4 m
MFL – 14.0 m
Sill Level – 12.2 m

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REVIEW OF HYDROLOGICAL STUDIES OF MINOR BRIDGES ON MEENSURUTTI – CHIDAMBARAM NH 227__________

Existing Bottom width of channel – 4 m


Bed Slope of channel – 0.0002 m/m i.e., 1 in 5000
Side slope – 1H:1V
Manning’s Coefficient, n – 0.065
Calculations:
Now, the depth of flow in the channel at maximum flow line
= 14.0 – 12.2 = 1.80 m
The top width of channel at maximum depth
= 4 + 1.8 + 1.8 = 7.6 m
Wetted area, A = (4+7.6) *1.8/2
= 10.44 sq. m.
Wetted Perimeter, P = 2.55*2+4 = 9.1 m
Hydraulic radius, R = 1.15 m
Velocity in the channel, V = 0.24 m/sec
Velocity head, ha = 0.0029 m
The Proposed span is 6.0 m. The abutments of bridge shall be founded
on the sloping sides of the channel portion. Afflux shall be calculated
accordingly.
Considering the thickness of abutment as 1 m, the obstructed area
= 2 x 1 x 1 (depth) = 2 sq.m.
Net flowing area = 10.44 – 2 = 8.44 sq. m.
Velocity through the bridge section
= 1.982/8.44 = 0.235 m/sec
As per IRC 5: 2015, Cl. 106.6.2 Molesworth Formula is given by,
h = {V2/17.88 + 0.01524} x {(A/a)2 – 1}
where,
V = is the mean velocity of flow in the river prior to bridge construction
i.e. corresponding to normal HFL = 0.235 m/sec
A = Area of flow section at normal HFL in the approach river section =
10.44 sq. m.
a= Area of flow section under the bridge = 8.44 sq. m.
Therefore, h = 0.01 m
Total afflux generated = 0.0029 + 0.01 = 0.0129 m
Vertical Clearance
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REVIEW OF HYDROLOGICAL STUDIES OF MINOR BRIDGES ON MEENSURUTTI – CHIDAMBARAM NH 227__________

The minimum vertical clearance above the design HFL shall be decided
as per the following Table (Refer Point 12.3, Article 12 of IRC: SP:13-
2004):
Design Discharge in cumecs Minimum Vertical clearance in mm
Up to 0.3 150
Above 0.3 and up to 3.0 450
Above 3 and up to 30 600
Above 30 and up to 300 900
Above 300 and up to 3000 1200
Above 3000 1500

Minimum vertical clearance (from above table) = 0.45 m for Q= 1.982


cumecs
Clear vent height required
= 1.8 + 0.45 + 0.0129 = 2.263 m
Linear Waterway required
= 1.982/ (0.235 x 1.8) = 4.69 m
The Linear waterway required is 4.69 m as against 3.93 m as calculated
in the Hydrology Report.
Span Provided = 6.0 m -----OK
Provided 1 span of 6.0 m justifies as per the Hydrology report.
VII. Minor Bridge @ Design Ch. 111+591
Name of Channel: Udayarkudi Main Channel I

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REVIEW OF HYDROLOGICAL STUDIES OF MINOR BRIDGES ON MEENSURUTTI – CHIDAMBARAM NH 227__________

Input Data:
Design Discharge – 3.398 cumecs
HFL – 11.44 m
MFL – 12.04 m
Sill Level – 10.24 m
The sill level adopted in the hydrology report is 10.84 m leading to
full supply depth of 1.20 in the channel.
Existing Bottom width of channel – 4.5 m
Bed Slope of channel – 0.001 m/m i.e., 1 in 1000
Side slope – 1H:1V
Manning’s Coefficient, n – 0.065
Calculations:
Now, the depth of flow in the channel at maximum flow line
= 12.04 – 10.24 = 1.80 m
The top width of channel at maximum depth
= 4.5 + 1.8 + 1.8 = 8.1 m

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REVIEW OF HYDROLOGICAL STUDIES OF MINOR BRIDGES ON MEENSURUTTI – CHIDAMBARAM NH 227__________

Wetted area, A = (4.5+8.1) *1.8/2


= 11.34 sq. m.
Wetted Perimeter, P = 2.55*2+4.5 = 9.6 m
Hydraulic radius, R = 1.18 m
Velocity in the channel, V = 0.544 m/sec
Velocity head, ha = 0.015 m
The Proposed span is 6.0 m. The abutments of bridge shall be founded
on the sloping sides of the channel portion. Afflux shall be calculated
accordingly.
Considering the thickness of abutment as 1 m, the obstructed area
= 2 x 1 x 1.05 (depth) = 2.1 sq.m.
Net flowing area = 11.34 – 2.1 = 9.24 sq. m.
Velocity through the bridge section
= 3.398/9.24 = 0.37 m/sec
As per IRC 5: 2015, Cl. 106.6.2 Molesworth Formula is given by,
h = {V2/17.88 + 0.01524} x {(A/a)2 – 1}
where,
V = is the mean velocity of flow in the river prior to bridge construction
i.e. corresponding to normal HFL = 0.544 m/sec
A = Area of flow section at normal HFL in the approach river section =
11.34 sq. m.
a= Area of flow section under the bridge = 9.24 sq. m.
Therefore, h = 0.016 m
Total afflux generated = 0.015 + 0.016 = 0.031 m
Vertical Clearance
The minimum vertical clearance above the design HFL shall be decided
as per the following Table (Refer Point 12.3, Article 12 of IRC: SP:13-
2004):
Design Discharge in cumecs Minimum Vertical clearance in mm
Up to 0.3 150
Above 0.3 and up to 3.0 450
Above 3 and up to 30 600
Above 30 and up to 300 900

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REVIEW OF HYDROLOGICAL STUDIES OF MINOR BRIDGES ON MEENSURUTTI – CHIDAMBARAM NH 227__________

Above 300 and up to 3000 1200


Above 3000 1500

Minimum vertical clearance (from above table) = 0.60 m for Q= 3.398


cumecs
Clear vent height required
= 1.8 + 0.60 + 0.031 = 2.431 m
Linear Waterway required
= 3.398/ (0.37 x 1.8) = 5.10 m
The Linear waterway required is 5.10 m as against 5.05 m as calculated
in the Hydrology Report.
Span Provided = 6.0 m -----OK
Provided 1 span of 6.0 m justifies as per the Hydrology report.
VIII. Minor Bridge @ Design Ch. 111+996
Name of Channel: Udayarkudi Main Channel I

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REVIEW OF HYDROLOGICAL STUDIES OF MINOR BRIDGES ON MEENSURUTTI – CHIDAMBARAM NH 227__________

Input Data:
Design Discharge – 2.832 cumecs
HFL – 11.32 m
MFL – 11.92 m
Sill Level – 10.12 m
The sill level adopted in the hydrology report is 10.72 m leading to
full supply depth of 1.20 in the channel.
Existing Bottom width of channel – 4 m
Bed Slope of channel – 0.001 m/m i.e., 1 in 1000
Side slope – 1H:1V
Manning’s Coefficient, n – 0.065
Calculations:
Now, the depth of flow in the channel at maximum flow line
= 11.92 – 10.12 = 1.80 m
The top width of channel at maximum depth
= 4 + 1.8 + 1.8 = 7.6 m
Wetted area, A = (4+7.6) *1.8/2
= 10.44 sq. m.
Wetted Perimeter, P = 2.55*2+4 = 9.1 m
Hydraulic radius, R = 1.15 m
Velocity in the channel, V = 0.53 m/sec
Velocity head, ha = 0.014 m
The Proposed span is 5.0 m. The abutments of bridge shall be founded
on the sloping sides of the channel portion. Afflux shall be calculated
accordingly.
Considering the thickness of abutment as 1 m, the obstructed area
= 2 x 1 x 1.3 (depth) = 2.6 sq.m.
Net flowing area = 10.44 – 2.6 = 7.84 sq. m.
Velocity through the bridge section
= 2.832/7.84 = 0.36 m/sec
As per IRC 5: 2015, Cl. 106.6.2 Molesworth Formula is given by,
h = {V2/17.88 + 0.01524} x {(A/a)2 – 1}
where,

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REVIEW OF HYDROLOGICAL STUDIES OF MINOR BRIDGES ON MEENSURUTTI – CHIDAMBARAM NH 227__________

V = is the mean velocity of flow in the river prior to bridge construction


i.e. corresponding to normal HFL = 0.53 m/sec
A = Area of flow section at normal HFL in the approach river section =
10.44 sq. m.
a= Area of flow section under the bridge = 7.84 sq. m.
Therefore, h = 0.024 m
Total afflux generated = 0.024 + 0.014 = 0.038 m
Vertical Clearance
The minimum vertical clearance above the design HFL shall be decided
as per the following Table (Refer Point 12.3, Article 12 of IRC: SP:13-
2004):
Design Discharge in cumecs Minimum Vertical clearance in mm
Up to 0.3 150
Above 0.3 and up to 3.0 450
Above 3 and up to 30 600
Above 30 and up to 300 900
Above 300 and up to 3000 1200
Above 3000 1500

Minimum vertical clearance (from above table) = 0.45 m for Q= 2.832


cumecs
Clear vent height required
= 1.8 + 0.45 + 0.038 = 2.288 m
Linear Waterway required
= 2.832/ (0.36 x 1.8) = 4.37 m
The Linear waterway required is 4.37 m as against 3.37 m as calculated
in the Hydrology Report.
Span Provided = 5.0 m -----OK
Provided 1 span of 5.0 m justifies as per the Hydrology report.
IX. Minor Bridge @ Design Ch. 118+939
Name of Channel: Kilavannyur Drain

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REVIEW OF HYDROLOGICAL STUDIES OF MINOR BRIDGES ON MEENSURUTTI – CHIDAMBARAM NH 227__________

Input Data:
Design Discharge – 1.133 cumecs
HFL – 7.49 m
MFL – 8.09 m
Sill Level – 4.49 m
The sill level adopted in the hydrology report is 7.09 m leading to
full supply depth of 1.0 in the channel.
Bottom width of channel – 6 m
Bed Slope of channel – 0.00012 m/m i.e., 1 in 8300
In the hydrology report, the slope has been adopted as 1 in 1000
which is not as per the WRD data.
Side slope – 1H:1V
Manning’s Coefficient, n – 0.065
Calculations:
Now, the depth of flow in the channel at maximum flow line
= 8.09 – 4.49 = 3.6 m
The top width of channel at maximum depth

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REVIEW OF HYDROLOGICAL STUDIES OF MINOR BRIDGES ON MEENSURUTTI – CHIDAMBARAM NH 227__________

= 6 + 3.6 +3.6 = 13.2 m


Wetted area, A = (6+13.2) *3.6/2
= 34.56 sq. m.
Wetted Perimeter, P = 5.09*2+6 = 16.18 m
Hydraulic radius, R = 2.14 m
Velocity in the channel, V = 0.28 m/sec
Velocity head, ha = 0.004 m
The Proposed span is 6.0 m. The abutments of bridge shall be founded
on the sloping sides of the channel portion. Afflux shall be calculated
accordingly.
Considering the thickness of abutment as 1 m, the obstructed area
= 2 x 1 x 3.6 (depth) = 7.2 sq.m.
Net flowing area = 34.56 – 7.2 = 27.36 sq. m.
Velocity through the bridge section
= 1.133/27.36 = 0.041 m/sec
As per IRC 5: 2015, Cl. 106.6.2 Molesworth Formula is given by,
h = {V2/17.88 + 0.01524} x {(A/a)2 – 1}
where,
V = is the mean velocity of flow in the river prior to bridge construction
i.e. corresponding to normal HFL = 0.28 m/sec
A = Area of flow section at normal HFL in the approach river section =
34.56 sq. m.
a= Area of flow section under the bridge = 27.36 sq. m.
Therefore, h = 0.012 m
Total afflux generated = 0.012 + 0.004 = .016 m
Vertical Clearance
The minimum vertical clearance above the design HFL shall be decided
as per the following Table (Refer Point 12.3, Article 12 of IRC: SP:13-
2004):
Design Discharge in cumecs Minimum Vertical clearance in mm
Up to 0.3 150
Above 0.3 and up to 3.0 450
Above 3 and up to 30 600

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REVIEW OF HYDROLOGICAL STUDIES OF MINOR BRIDGES ON MEENSURUTTI – CHIDAMBARAM NH 227__________

Above 30 and up to 300 900


Above 300 and up to 3000 1200
Above 3000 1500

Minimum vertical clearance (from above table) = 0.45 m for Q= 1.133


cumecs
Clear vent height required
= 3.6 + 0.45 + 0.016 = 4.066 m
Linear Waterway required
= 1.133/ (0.041 x 3.6) = 7.68 m
The Linear waterway required is 7.68 m as against 4.67 m as calculated
in the Hydrology Report.
Span Provided = 6.0 m -----OK (considering fluming of bridge)
Provided 1 span of 6.0 m justifies as per the Hydrology report.
X. Minor Bridge @ Design Ch. 122+030
Name of Channel: Keelakorai Drain

Input Data:
Design Discharge – 16.99 cumecs
HFL – 6.7 m
MFL – - m

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REVIEW OF HYDROLOGICAL STUDIES OF MINOR BRIDGES ON MEENSURUTTI – CHIDAMBARAM NH 227__________

Sill Level – 4.2 m


The sill level adopted in the hydrology report is 5.4 m leading to
full supply depth of 1.30 in the channel.
Existing Bottom width of channel – 8 m
Bed Slope of channel – 0.015 m/m i.e., 1 in 66.67
Side slope – 1H:1V
Manning’s Coefficient, n – 0.065
Calculations:
Now, the depth of flow in the channel at maximum flow line
= 6.7 – 4.2 = 2.50 m
The top width of channel at maximum depth
= 8 + 2.5 + 2.5 = 13 m
Wetted area, A = (8+13) *2.5/2
= 26.25 sq. m.
Wetted Perimeter, P = 3.54*2+8 = 15.08 m
Hydraulic radius, R = 1.741 m
Velocity in the channel, V = 2.73 m/sec
Velocity head, ha = 0.38 m
The Proposed span is 10.0 m. The abutments of bridge shall be founded
on the sloping sides of the channel portion with one pier in the channel.
Afflux shall be calculated accordingly.
Considering the thickness of abutment & pier as 1 m, the obstructed area
= 2 x 1 x 1 (depth) + 2.5 x 1 = 4.5 sq. m.
Net flowing area = 26.25 – 4.5 = 21.75 sq. m.
Velocity through the bridge section
= 16.99/21.75 = 0.78 m/sec
As per IRC 5: 2015, Cl. 106.6.2 Molesworth Formula is given by,
h = {V2/17.88 + 0.01524} x {(A/a)2 – 1}
where,
V = is the mean velocity of flow in the river prior to bridge construction
i.e. corresponding to normal HFL = 2.73 m/sec
A = Area of flow section at normal HFL in the approach river section =
26.25 sq. m.
a= Area of flow section under the bridge = 21.75 sq. m.
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REVIEW OF HYDROLOGICAL STUDIES OF MINOR BRIDGES ON MEENSURUTTI – CHIDAMBARAM NH 227__________

Therefore, h = 0.197 m
Total afflux generated = 0.38 + 0.197 = 0.577 m
Vertical Clearance
The minimum vertical clearance above the design HFL shall be decided
as per the following Table (Refer Point 12.3, Article 12 of IRC: SP:13-
2004):
Design Discharge in cumecs Minimum Vertical clearance in mm
Up to 0.3 150
Above 0.3 and up to 3.0 450
Above 3 and up to 30 600
Above 30 and up to 300 900
Above 300 and up to 3000 1200
Above 3000 1500

Minimum vertical clearance (from above table) = 0.6 m for Q= 16.99


cumecs
Clear vent height required
= 2.5 + 0.60 + 0.577 = 3.677 m
Linear Waterway required
= 16.99/ (0.78 x 2.5) = 4.37 m
The Linear waterway required is 8.71 m as against 8.29 m as calculated
in the Hydrology Report.
Span Provided = 10.0 m -----OK
Provided 2 span of 5.0 m justifies as per the Hydrology report.
XI. Minor Bridge @ Design Ch. 125+197
Name of Channel: Kavarapattu Channel

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REVIEW OF HYDROLOGICAL STUDIES OF MINOR BRIDGES ON MEENSURUTTI – CHIDAMBARAM NH 227__________

Input Data:
Design Discharge – 2.549 cumecs
HFL – 5.53 m
MFL – 5.75 m
Sill Level – 4.32 m
Existing Bottom width of channel – 8 m
Bed Slope of channel – 0.001 m/m i.e., 1 in 1000
Side slope – 1H:1V
Manning’s Coefficient, n – 0.065
Calculations:
Now, the depth of flow in the channel at maximum flow line
= 5.75 – 4.32 = 1.43 m
The top width of channel at maximum depth
= 8 + 1.43 + 1.43 = 10.86 m
Wetted area, A = (8+10.86) *1.43/2
= 13.485 sq. m.
Wetted Perimeter, P = 2.02*2+8 = 12.04 m
Hydraulic radius, R = 1.12 m
Velocity in the channel, V = 0.525 m/sec
Velocity head, ha = 0.014 m

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REVIEW OF HYDROLOGICAL STUDIES OF MINOR BRIDGES ON MEENSURUTTI – CHIDAMBARAM NH 227__________

The Proposed span is 8.0 m. The abutments of bridge shall be founded


on the sloping sides of the channel portion with one pier in the channel.
Afflux shall be calculated accordingly.
Considering the thickness of abutment & pier as 1 m, the obstructed area
= 2 x 1 x 1.43 (depth) + 1.43 x 1 = 4.29 sq. m.
Net flowing area = 13.485 – 4.29 = 9.195 sq. m.
Velocity through the bridge section
= 2.549/9.195 = 0.28 m/sec
As per IRC 5: 2015, Cl. 106.6.2 Molesworth Formula is given by,
h = {V2/17.88 + 0.01524} x {(A/a)2 – 1}
where,
V = is the mean velocity of flow in the river prior to bridge construction
i.e. corresponding to normal HFL = 0.525 m/sec
A = Area of flow section at normal HFL in the approach river section =
13.485 sq. m.
a= Area of flow section under the bridge = 9.195 sq. m.
Therefore, h = 0.035 m
Total afflux generated = 0.014 + 0.035 = 0.049 m
Vertical Clearance
The minimum vertical clearance above the design HFL shall be decided
as per the following Table (Refer Point 12.3, Article 12 of IRC: SP:13-
2004):
Design Discharge in cumecs Minimum Vertical clearance in mm
Up to 0.3 150
Above 0.3 and up to 3.0 450
Above 3 and up to 30 600
Above 30 and up to 300 900
Above 300 and up to 3000 1200
Above 3000 1500

Minimum vertical clearance (from above table) = 0.45 m for Q= 2.549


cumecs
Clear vent height required

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REVIEW OF HYDROLOGICAL STUDIES OF MINOR BRIDGES ON MEENSURUTTI – CHIDAMBARAM NH 227__________

= 1.43 + 0.45 + 0.049 = 1.929 m


Linear Waterway required
= 2.549/ (0.28 x 1.43) = 6.37 m
The Linear waterway required is 6.37 m as against 6.36 m as calculated
in the Hydrology Report.
Span Provided = 8.0 m -----OK
Provided 2 span of 4.0 m justifies as per the Hydrology report.
XII. Minor Bridge @ Design Ch. 125+289
Name of Channel: Ekkalkanni Drain

Input Data:
Design Discharge – 0.708 cumecs
HFL – 5.74 m
MFL – 5.90 m
Sill Level – 5.04 m
Existing Bottom width of channel – 7 m
Bed Slope of channel – 0.0005 m/m i.e., 1 in 2000
Side slope – 1H:1V
Manning’s Coefficient, n – 0.065
Calculations:
Now, the depth of flow in the channel at maximum flow line

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REVIEW OF HYDROLOGICAL STUDIES OF MINOR BRIDGES ON MEENSURUTTI – CHIDAMBARAM NH 227__________

= 5.90 – 5.04 = 0.86 m


The top width of channel at maximum depth
= 7 + 0.86 + 0.86 = 8.72 m
Wetted area, A = (7+8.72) *0.86/2
= 6.76 sq. m.
Wetted Perimeter, P = 1.22*2+7 = 9.44 m
Hydraulic radius, R = 0.716 m
Velocity in the channel, V = 0.275 m/sec
Velocity head, ha = 0.0039 m
The Proposed span is 4.0 m. The abutments of bridge shall be founded
on the sloping sides of the channel portion. Afflux shall be calculated
accordingly.
Considering the thickness of abutment as 1 m, the obstructed area
= 2 x 1 x 0.86 (depth) = 1.72 sq.m.
Net flowing area = 6.76 – 1.72 = 5.04 sq. m.
Velocity through the bridge section
= 0.708/3.44 = 0.21 m/sec
As per IRC 5: 2015, Cl. 106.6.2 Molesworth Formula is given by,
h = {V2/17.88 + 0.01524} x {(A/a)2 – 1}
where,
V = is the mean velocity of flow in the river prior to bridge construction
i.e. corresponding to normal HFL = 0.275 m/sec
A = Area of flow section at normal HFL in the approach river section =
6.76 sq. m.
a= Area of flow section under the bridge = 4 x 0.86 = 3.44 sq. m.
Therefore, h = 0.056 m
Total afflux generated = 0.056 + 0.0039 = 0.0599 m
Vertical Clearance
The minimum vertical clearance above the design HFL shall be decided
as per the following Table (Refer Point 12.3, Article 12 of IRC: SP:13-
2004):
Design Discharge in cumecs Minimum Vertical clearance in mm
Up to 0.3 150

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REVIEW OF HYDROLOGICAL STUDIES OF MINOR BRIDGES ON MEENSURUTTI – CHIDAMBARAM NH 227__________

***Above 0.3 and up to 3.0 450


Above 3 and up to 30 600
Above 30 and up to 300 900
Above 300 and up to 3000 1200
Above 3000 1500

Minimum vertical clearance (from above table) = 0.45 m for Q= 0.708


cumecs
Clear vent height required
= 0.86 + 0.45 + 0.0599 = 1.3699 m
Linear Waterway required
= 0.708/ (0.21 x 0.86) = 3.92 m
The Linear waterway required is 3.92 m as against 1.18 m as calculated
in the Hydrology Report.
Span Provided = 4.0 m -----OK
Provided 1 span of 4.0 m justifies as per the Hydrology report.
XIII. Minor Bridge @ Design Ch. 125+913
Name of Channel: Coleroon North Rajan Drain

Input Data:
Design Discharge – 0.566 cumecs

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REVIEW OF HYDROLOGICAL STUDIES OF MINOR BRIDGES ON MEENSURUTTI – CHIDAMBARAM NH 227__________

HFL – 5.67 m
MFL – 5.90 m
Sill Level – 4.07 m
Existing Bottom width of channel – 4 m
Bed Slope of channel – 0.0001 m/m i.e., 1 in 10000
Side slope – 1H:1V
Manning’s Coefficient, n – 0.065
Calculations:
Now, the depth of flow in the channel at maximum flow line
= 5.90 – 4.07 = 1.83 m
The top width of channel at maximum depth
= 4 + 1.83 x2 = 7.66 m
Wetted area, A = (4+7.66) *1.83/2
= 10.67 sq. m.
Wetted Perimeter, P = 2.59*2+4 = 9.18 m
Hydraulic radius, R = 1.162 m
Velocity in the channel, V = 0.17 m/sec
Velocity head, ha = 0.0015 m
The Proposed span is 6.0 m. The abutments of bridge shall be founded
on the sloping sides of the channel portion. Afflux shall be calculated
accordingly.
Considering the thickness of abutment as 1 m, the obstructed area
= 2 x 1 x 0.83 (depth) = 1.76 sq.m.
Net flowing area = 10.67 – 1.76 = 8.91 sq. m.
Velocity through the bridge section
= 0.566/8.91 = 0.064 m/sec
As per IRC 5: 2015, Cl. 106.6.2 Molesworth Formula is given by,
h = {V2/17.88 + 0.01524} x {(A/a)2 – 1}
where,
V = is the mean velocity of flow in the river prior to bridge construction
i.e. corresponding to normal HFL = 0.17 m/sec
A = Area of flow section at normal HFL in the approach river section =
10.67 sq. m.
a= Area of flow section under the bridge = 8.91 sq. m.
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REVIEW OF HYDROLOGICAL STUDIES OF MINOR BRIDGES ON MEENSURUTTI – CHIDAMBARAM NH 227__________

Therefore, h = 0.007 m
Total afflux generated = 0.0015 + 0.007 = 0.0085 m
Vertical Clearance
The minimum vertical clearance above the design HFL shall be decided
as per the following Table (Refer Point 12.3, Article 12 of IRC: SP:13-
2004):
Design Discharge in cumecs Minimum Vertical clearance in mm
Up to 0.3 150
Above 0.3 and up to 3.0 450
Above 3 and up to 30 600
Above 30 and up to 300 900
Above 300 and up to 3000 1200
Above 3000 1500

Minimum vertical clearance (from above table) = 0.45 m for Q= 0.566


cumecs
Clear vent height required
= 1.83 + 0.45 + 0.0085 = 2.29 m
Linear Waterway required
= 0.566/ (0.064 x 1.83) = 4.83 m
The Linear waterway required is 4.83 m as against 1.56 m as calculated
in the Hydrology Report.
Span Provided = 6.0 m -----OK
Provided 1 span of 6.0 m justifies as per the Hydrology report.

XIV. Minor Bridge @ Design Ch. 126+015


Name of Channel: Elanagur Channel

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REVIEW OF HYDROLOGICAL STUDIES OF MINOR BRIDGES ON MEENSURUTTI – CHIDAMBARAM NH 227__________

Input Data:
Design Discharge – 0.396 cumecs
HFL – 5.20 m
MFL – 5.35 m
Sill Level – 4.09 m
Existing Bottom width of channel – 4 m
Bed Slope of channel – 0.0002 m/m i.e., 1 in 5000
Side slope – 1H:1V
Manning’s Coefficient, n – 0.065
Calculations:
Now, the depth of flow in the channel at maximum flow line
= 5.35 – 4.09 = 1.26 m
The top width of channel at maximum depth
= 4 + 1.26 + 1.26 = 6.52 m
Wetted area, A = (4+6.52) *1.26/2
= 6.63 sq. m.
Wetted Perimeter, P = 1.78*2+4 = 7.56 m
Hydraulic radius, R = 0.88 m
Velocity in the channel, V = 0.2 m/sec
Velocity head, ha = 0.002 m

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REVIEW OF HYDROLOGICAL STUDIES OF MINOR BRIDGES ON MEENSURUTTI – CHIDAMBARAM NH 227__________

The Proposed span is 4.0 m. The abutments of bridge shall be founded


on the sloping sides of the channel portion. Afflux shall be calculated
accordingly.
Velocity through the bridge section
= 0.396/5.04 = 0.08 m/sec
As per IRC 5: 2015, Cl. 106.6.2 Molesworth Formula is given by,
h = {V2/17.88 + 0.01524} x {(A/a)2 – 1}
where,
V = is the mean velocity of flow in the river prior to bridge construction
i.e. corresponding to normal HFL = 0.2 m/sec
A = Area of flow section at normal HFL in the approach river section =
6.63 sq. m.
a= Area of flow section under the bridge = 4 x 1.26 = 5.04 sq. m.
Therefore, h = 0.013 m
Total afflux generated = 0.013 + 0.002 = 0.015 m
Vertical Clearance
The minimum vertical clearance above the design HFL shall be decided
as per the following Table (Refer Point 12.3, Article 12 of IRC: SP:13-
2004):
Design Discharge in cumecs Minimum Vertical clearance in mm
Up to 0.3 150
***Above 0.3 and up to 3.0 450
Above 3 and up to 30 600
Above 30 and up to 300 900
Above 300 and up to 3000 1200
Above 3000 1500

Minimum vertical clearance (from above table) = 0.45 m for Q= 0.396


cumecs
Clear vent height required
= 1.26 + 0.45 + 0.015 = 1.725 m
Linear Waterway required
= 0.396/ (0.08 x 1.26) = 3.93 m

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REVIEW OF HYDROLOGICAL STUDIES OF MINOR BRIDGES ON MEENSURUTTI – CHIDAMBARAM NH 227__________

The Linear waterway required is 3.93 m as against 1.59 m as calculated


in the Hydrology Report.
Span Provided = 4.0 m -----OK
Provided 1 span of 4.0 m justifies as per the Hydrology report.
XV. Minor Bridge @ Design Ch. 126+034
Name of Channel: Elanagur Channel

Input Data:
Design Discharge – 0.425 cumecs
HFL – 5.18 m
MFL – 5.4 m
Sill Level – 4.28 m
Existing Bottom width of channel – 3.5 m
Bed Slope of channel – 0.0004 m/m i.e., 1 in 2500
Side slope – 1H:1V
Manning’s Coefficient, n – 0.065
Calculations:
Now, the depth of flow in the channel at maximum flow line
= 5.4 – 4.28 = 1.12 m
The top width of channel at maximum depth
= 3.5 + 1.12 + 1.12 = 5.74 m
Wetted area, A = (3.5+5.74) *1.12/2

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REVIEW OF HYDROLOGICAL STUDIES OF MINOR BRIDGES ON MEENSURUTTI – CHIDAMBARAM NH 227__________

= 5.20 sq. m.
Wetted Perimeter, P = 1.58*2+3.5 = 6.66 m
Hydraulic radius, R = 0.78 m
Velocity in the channel, V = 0.26 m/sec
Velocity head, ha = 0.0035 m
The Proposed span is 4.0 m. The abutments of bridge shall be founded
on the sloping sides of the channel portion. Afflux shall be calculated
accordingly.
Velocity through the bridge section
= 0.425/4.48 = 0.1 m/sec
As per IRC 5: 2015, Cl. 106.6.2 Molesworth Formula is given by,
h = {V2/17.88 + 0.01524} x {(A/a)2 – 1}
where,
V = is the mean velocity of flow in the river prior to bridge construction
i.e. corresponding to normal HFL = 0.26 m/sec
A = Area of flow section at normal HFL in the approach river section =
5.20 sq. m.
a= Area of flow section under the bridge = 4 x 1.12 = 4.48 sq. m.
Therefore, h = 0.007 m
Total afflux generated = 0.007 + 0.0035 = 0.0105 m
Vertical Clearance
The minimum vertical clearance above the design HFL shall be decided
as per the following Table (Refer Point 12.3, Article 12 of IRC: SP:13-
2004):
Design Discharge in cumecs Minimum Vertical clearance in mm
Up to 0.3 150
***Above 0.3 and up to 3.0 450
Above 3 and up to 30 600
Above 30 and up to 300 900
Above 300 and up to 3000 1200
Above 3000 1500

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REVIEW OF HYDROLOGICAL STUDIES OF MINOR BRIDGES ON MEENSURUTTI – CHIDAMBARAM NH 227__________

Minimum vertical clearance (from above table) = 0.45 m for Q= 0.425


cumecs
Clear vent height required
= 1.12 + 0.45 + 0.0105 = 1.5805 m
Linear Waterway required
= 0.425/ (0.1 x 1.12) = 3.79 m
The Linear waterway required is 3.79 m as against 1.91 m as calculated
in the Hydrology Report.
Span Provided = 4.0 m -----OK
Provided 1 span of 4.0 m justifies as per the Hydrology report.

5. SUMMARY
The results calculated under Point 4 are summarised in the following Table:

Sr. Design Span Span Arrangement Span Arrangement as


No. Chainage Arrangement as as per the per the Independent
per Schedule B Hydrology Report Consultant
1 101.931 2 x 8.0 (Minor 1 x 2.0 x 2.0
1 x 2.0 x 2.0
bridge) (Balancing
(Balancing Culvert)
Culvert)
2 102.380 2 x 10.0 (Minor
1 x 2.0 x 2.0 1 x 2.0 x 2.0
bridge)
3 104.114 1 x 10.0 1 x 6.0 1 x 6.0
4 106.640 1 x 7.0 1 x 4.0 1 x 4.0
5 107.257 1 x 10.0 1 x 5.0 1 x 5.0
6 108.155 2 x 8.0 1 x 6.0 1 x 6.0
7 111.593 1 x 7.0 1 x 6.0 1 x 6.0
8 111.996 1 x 6.0 1 x 5.0 1 x 5.0
9 118.944 1 x 10.0 1 x 6.0 1 x 6.0
10 122.030 1 x 22.0 2 x 5.0 2 x 5.0
11 125.201 1 x 10.0 2 x 4.0 2 x 4.0
12 125.296 1 x 7.0 1 x 4.0 1 x 4.0
13 125.916 2 x 8.0 1 x 6.0 1 x 6.0

PRIME CONSULTING GROUP_____________________________________________________SUNWAY RNSIL PVT LTD.


34
REVIEW OF HYDROLOGICAL STUDIES OF MINOR BRIDGES ON MEENSURUTTI – CHIDAMBARAM NH 227__________

14 126.014 1 x 10.0 1 x 4.0 1 x 4.0


15 126.034 1 x 10.0 1 x 4.0 1 x 4.0

PRIME CONSULTING GROUP_____________________________________________________SUNWAY RNSIL PVT LTD.


35

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