2000-CE

HONG KONG EXAMINATIONS AUTHORITY

A MATH
PAPER 2 HONG KONG CERTIFICATE OF EDUCATION EXAMINATION 2000

ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS PAPER 2

11.15 am – 1.15 pm (2 hours)

This paper must be answered in English

1. Answer ALL questions in Section A and any THREE questions in Section B.

2. All working must be clearly shown.

3. Unless otherwise specified, numerical answers must be exact.

4. The diagrams in the paper are not necessarily drawn to scale.

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2000-CE-A MATH 2–1

 FORMULAS FOR REFERENCE

sin ( A ± B ) = sin A cos B ± cos A sin B

cos ( A ± B) = cos A cos B # sin A sin B

tan A ± tan B
tan ( A ± B) =
1 # tan A tan B

A+ B A− B
sin A + sin B = 2 sin cos
2 2

A+ B A− B
sin A − sin B = 2 cos sin
2 2

A+ B A− B
cos A + cos B = 2 cos cos
2 2

A+ B A− B
cos A − cos B = −2 sin sin
2 2

2 sin A cos B = sin ( A + B) + sin ( A − B)

2 cos A cos B = cos ( A + B) + cos ( A − B)

2 sin A sin B = cos ( A − B) − cos ( A + B)

2000-CE-A MATH 2–2 –1–

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Section A (42 marks)
Answer ALL questions in this section.

1. Find
∫ 2x +1 d x .

(4 marks)

2. Expand (1 + 2 x) 7 (2 − x) 2 in ascending powers of x up to the term x 2 .

(5 marks)

y
3.

Q(4 cos θ , 3 sin θ )

P(–4, 0) x
O

R E

Figure 1

x2 y2
Figure 1 shows the ellipse +E : = 1. P(−4, 0) and
16 9
π
Q (4 cos θ , 3 sin θ ) are points on E, where 0 < θ < . R is a point such
2
that the mid-point of QR is the origin O.

(a) Write down the coordinates of R in terms of θ .

(b) If the area of ∆ PQR is 6 square units, find the coordinates of Q .

(6 marks)

2000-CE-A MATH 2–3 –2– Go on to the next page

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4. Prove, by mathematical induction, that

n (n + 1)
12 − 2 2 + 3 2 − 4 2 +  + (−1) n −1 n 2 = (−1) n −1
2

for all positive integers n.

(6 marks)

5. y

A(1, 2)

x
O B(2, 0)

Figure 2

In Figure 2, the coordinates of points A and B are (1, 2) and (2, 0)

respectively. Point P divides AB internally in the ratio 1 : r.

(a) Find the coordinates of P in terms of r .

2r
(b) Show that the slope of OP is .
2+r

(c) If ∠ AOP = 45° , find the value of r .

(6 marks)

2000-CE-A MATH 2–4 –3–

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6.
y

x
O
y = –x + 1
Figure 3
dy
The slope at any point ( x, y ) of a curve C is given by = 2 x + 3 . The
dx
line y = − x + 1 is a tangent to the curve at point A. (See Figure 3.) Find

(a) the coordinates of A,

(b) the equation of C.

(7 marks)

7. (a) By expressing cos x − 3 sin x in the form r cos ( x + θ ) , or

otherwise, find the general solution of the equation

cos x − 3 sin x = 2 .

(b) Find the number of points of intersection of the curves y = cos x

and y = 2 + 3 sin x for 0 < x < 9π .
(8 marks)

2000-CE-A MATH 2–5 –4– Go on to the next page

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Section B (48 marks)
Answer any THREE questions in this section.
Each question carries 16 marks.

8. (a) Find
∫ cos 3x cos x d x . (3 marks)

sin 5 x − sin x
(b) Show that = 4 cos 3 x cos x .
sin x

∫
sin 5 x
Hence, or otherwise, find dx .
sin x (4 marks)

(c) Using a suitable substitution, show that

π π

∫ ∫
4 sin 5 x 3 cos 5 x
dx = dx .
π sin x π cos x (4 marks)
6 4

y
(d)
C1

π
x=
3
x
O
C2

π
( , − 1) Figure 4
4
cos 5 x sin 5 x
In Figure 4, the curves C1 : y = and C 2 : y =
cos x sin x
π
intersect at the point ( , − 1) . Find the area of the shaded region
4
π
bounded by C1 , C 2 and the line x = .
3 (5 marks)

2000-CE-A MATH 2–6 –5–

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9. Given a family of circles

F : x 2 + y 2 + (4 k + 4) x + (3k + 1) y − (8k + 8) = 0 ,

where k is real. C1 is the circle x 2 + y 2 − 2 y = 0 .

(a) Show that

(i) C1 is a circle in F,

(ii) C1 touches the x-axis.

(4 marks)

(b) Besides C1 , there is another circle C2 in F which also touches

the x-axis.

(i) Find the equation of C2.

(ii) Show that C1 and C2 touch externally.

(7 marks)

(c) y

C2 C3
C1
x
O
Figure 5
Figure 5 shows the circles C1 and C2 in (b). L is a common
tangent to C1 and C2. C3 is a circle touching C2 , L and the
x-axis but it is not in F. (See Figure 5.) Find the equation of C3.

(Hint : The centres of the three circles are collinear.)

(5 marks)

2000-CE-A MATH 2–7 –6– Go on to the next page

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10.
y

C (t 22 , 2t 2 )

B M
x
O
L2

A (t12 , 2t1 )

Figure 6(a)
L1

Figure 6(a) shows a parabola P : y 2 = 4 x . A (t12 , 2t1 ) and C (t 22 , 2t 2 ) are

two distinct points on P, where t1 < 0 < t 2 . L1 and L2 are tangents to P
at A and C respectively and they intersect at point B. Let M be the mid-
point of AC.

(a) Show that

(i) the equation of L1 is x − t1 y + t12 = 0 ,

(ii) the coordinates of B are (t1t 2 , t1 + t 2 ) ,

(iii) BM is parallel to the x-axis.

(7 marks)

2000-CE-A MATH 2–8 –7–

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 (b) y

B
D
x
O
L2

Figure 6(b)
L1

Suppose L1 and L2 are perpendicular to each other and D is a point

such that ABCD is a rectangle. (See Figure 6(b).)

(i) Find the value of t1t 2 .

(ii) Show that the coordinates of D are (t12 + t 22 + 1, t1 + t 2 ).

(iii) Find the equation of the locus of D as A and C move

along the parabola P.
(9 marks)

2000-CE-A MATH 2–9 –8– Go on to the next page

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11. (a)
y

x
O
–h
x2 + y2 = r2

Figure 7(a)
In Figure 7 (a), the shaded region is bounded by the circle
x 2 + y 2 = r 2 , the x-axis, the y-axis and the line y = −h , where
h > 0 . If the shaded region is revolved about the y-axis, show that
1
the volume of the solid generated is (r 2 h − h 3 )π cubic units.
3
(4 marks)

(b) y

A x
O
–1 C
B
3 x2 + 3 y2 = 89
y = –1

Figure 7(b)

In Figure 7 (b), A and C are points on the x-axis and y-axis

respectively, AB is an arc of the circle 3x 2 + 3 y 2 = 89 and BC is
a segment of the line y = −1 . A mould is formed by revolving AB
and BC about the y-axis. Using (a), or otherwise, show that the
88π
capacity of the mould is cubic units.
3
(2 marks)

2000-CE-A MATH 2–10 –9–

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 (c)

4
G
Pot
θ
Molten
gold
Mould

Figure 7(c) Figure 7(d)

A hemispherical pot of inner radius 4 units is completely filled with

molten gold. (See Figure 7 (c).) The molten gold is then poured
into the mould mentioned in (b) by steadily tilting the pot. Suppose
the pot is tilted through an angle θ and G is the centre of the rim
of the pot. (See Figure 7 (d).)

(i) Find, in terms of θ ,

(1) the distance between G and the surface of the

molten gold remaining in the pot,

(2) the volume of gold poured into the mould.

(ii) When the mould is completely filled with molten gold,

show that

8 sin 3 θ − 24 sin θ + 11 = 0 .

Hence find the value of θ .

(10 marks)

2000-CE-A MATH 2–11 – 10 – Go on to the next page

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12. (a)
B
a
c
θ( C
b
A O

Figure 8(a)

In Figure 8 (a), a triangle ABC is inscribed in a circle with centre O

and radius r. AB = c, BC = a and CA = b . Let ∠BCA = θ .

(i) Express cos θ in terms of a , b and c.

c
(ii) Show that r = .
2 sin θ

(iii) Using (i) and (ii), or otherwise, show that

abc
r= .
4 a b − (a 2 + b 2 − c 2 ) 2
2 2

(7 marks)

(b) In this part, numerical answers should be given correct to two

significant figures.

Building

Pedestrian
walkway

Figure 8(b)

2000-CE-A MATH 2–12 – 11 –

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12. (b) (continued)

B′ C′
5m
P 8m
21m
120° Q
35 m

A′
Figure 8(c)

Figure 8 (b) shows a pedestrian walkway joining the horizontal

ground and the first floor of a building. To estimate its length, the
walkway is modelled by a circular arc A′B ′C ′ as shown in Figure
8 (c), where A′ denotes the entrance to the walkway on the ground
and C ′ the exit leading to the first floor of the building. P and Q
are the feet of perpendiculars from B ′ and C ′ to the ground
respectively. It is given that A′P = 35 m , PQ = 21 m, B ′P = 5 m,
C ′Q = 8 m and ∠ A′PQ = 120° .

(i) Find the radius of the circular arc A′B ′C ′ .

(ii) Estimate the length of the walkway.

(9 marks)

END OF PAPER

2000-CE-A MATH 2–13 – 12–

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2000

Additional Mathematics

Paper 2

Section A

3
1
1. (2 x + 1) 2 + c, where c is a constant
3

2. 4 + 52 x + 281x 2 + 

3. (a) (−4 cos θ , − 3 sin θ )

3
(b) (2 3 , )
2

2 + r 2r
5. (a) ( , )
1+ r 1+ r

2
(c)
5

6. (a) (−2 , 3)

(b) y = x 2 + 3x + 5

π
7. (a) x = 2 nπ − , where n is an integer
3

(b) 4

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Section B

∫ cos 3x cos x d x = ∫ 2 (cos 4x + cos 2x) d x

1
Q.8 (a)

1 1
= sin 4 x + sin 2 x + c , where c is a constant
8 4

sin 5 x − sin x 2 sin 2 x cos 3 x

(b) =
sin x sin x
2(2 sin x cos x) cos 3 x
=
sin x
= 4 cos x cos 3 x

∫ ∫
sin 5 x
d x = (1 + 4 cos 3 x cos x)d x
sin x
sin 4 x sin 2 x
= x + 4( + ) + c , where c is a constant
8 4
1
= x + sin 4 x + sin 2 x + c
2

π
(c) Put x = −θ :
2
π
π π sin 5( −θ )
∫ ∫
sin 5 x 2
4
π
dx = 4
π
(−dθ )
sin x π
6 3 sin( − θ )
2
π
cos 5θ
= ∫ 3
π
4
cos θ
dθ

π
cos 5 x
= ∫ 3
π
4
cos x
dx

(d) Area of shaded region

π

∫ 3 cos 5 x sin 5 x
= π
( − )d x
cos x sin x
4
π π

∫ ∫
3 cos 5 x 3 sin 5 x
= π
dx − π
dx
cos x sin x
4 4
π π

∫ ∫
4 sin 5 x 3 sin 5 x
= π
dx − π
d x (using (c))
sin x sin x
6 4
π π
1 1
= [ x + sin 4 x + sin 2 x] π4 − [ x + sin 4 x + sin 2 x] π3
2 2
6 4

= 2− 3

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Q.9 (a) (i) Put k = −1 into F, the equation becomes
x 2 + y 2 + (−4 + 4) x + (−3 + 1) y − (−8 + 8) = 0
i.e. x 2 + y 2 − 2 y = 0.
∴ C1 is a circle in F.

(ii) Co-ordinates of centre of C1 = (0, 1) .

radius of C1 = 1
Since the y-coordinate of centre is equal to
the radius, C1 touches the x-axis.

(b) (i) Put y = 0 in F :

x 2 + (4k + 4) x − (8k + 8) = 0
Since the circle touches the x-axis,
(4k + 4) 2 + 4(8k + 8) = 0
16 k 2 + 64k + 48 = 0
16(k + 1) (k + 3) = 0
k = –1 (rejected) or k = –3,
∴ the equation of C2 is
x 2 + y 2 + [4(−3) + 4]x + [3(−3) + 1] y − [(−3) × 8 + 8] = 0
x 2 + y 2 − 8 x − 8 y + 16 = 0

(ii) Co-ordinates of centre of C1 = (0, 1), radius = 1.

Co-ordinates of centre of C 2 = (4, 4), radius = 4.

Distance between centres = (4 − 0) 2 + (4 − 1) 2

=5
= sum of radii of C1 and C2
∴ C1 and C2 touch externally.

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(c) Let radius of C3 be r and coordinates of its centre be
(a, r).
y

(4,4)
(0,1)
(a,r)

x
O

Considering the similar triangles,

r+4 r−4
=
1 + 4 4 −1
3r + 12 = 5r − 20
r = 16
a−4 r+4
=
4 − 0 4 +1
16 + 4
=
4 +1
a = 20
∴ the equation of C3 is ( x − 20) 2 + ( y − 16) 2 = 256.

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Q.10 (a) (i) y 2 = 4 x
dy
2y =4
dx
dy 2
=
dx y
dy 2 1
At point A, = =
d x 2t1 t1
Equation of L1 is
y − 2t1 1
=
x − t1 2 t1
t1 y − 2t1 2 = x − t1 2
x − t1 y + t1 2 = 0

2
(ii) Equation of L2 is x − t 2 y + t 2 = 0.
 x − t1 y + t1 2 = 0 − − − − − (1)

 x − t 2 y + t 2 2 = 0 − − − − − ( 2)
(1) – (2) : (t 2 − t1 ) y + (t1 2 − t 2 2 ) = 0
y = t1 + t 2
x = t 1 (t 1 + t 2 ) − t 1 2 = t 1 t 2
∴ the coordinates of B are (t1t 2 , t1 + t 2 ) .

2 2
t + t 2 2t1 + 2t 2
(iii)The coordinates of M are ( 1 , ),
2 2
2 2
t1 + t 2
, t1 + t 2 ).
i.e. (
2
As the y-coordinates of B and M are equal,
BM is parallel to the x-axis.

(b) (i) (Slope of L1) (Slope of L2) = –1

1 1
( ) ( ) = −1
t1 t 2
t1t 2 = −1

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(ii) Since ABCD is a rectangle, mid-point of BD
coincides with mid-point of AC, i.e. point M.
x + t1 t 2 t1 2 + t 2 2
=
2 2
x = t1 2 + t 2 2 − t1 t 2
= t1 2 + t 2 2 + 1 ( t1t2 = –1)

Since BD is parallel to the x-axis, the y-coordinate

of D = y-coordinate of B = t1+ t2.
∴ the coordinates of D are (t1 2 + t 2 2 + 1 , t1 + t 2 ).

(iii) Let (x, y) be the coordinates of D.

 x = t1 2 + t 2 2 + 1

 y = t1 + t 2
x = (t1 + t 2 ) 2 − 2t1t 2 + 1
= y 2 − 2(−1) + 1
x = y2 +3

∴ the equation of the locus is x – y2 – 3 = 0.

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 0
Q.11 (a) Volume =
∫ πx dy
−h
2

∫ 2
= π (r − y )d y
−h
2

1 3 0
= π [r 2 y − y ] −h
3
1
= π (r 2 h − h 3 ) cubic units
3

89
(b) Put h = 1, r = :
3
Using (a),
89 1
capacity of the mould = π [ (1) − (1) 3 ]
3 3
88π
= cubic units
3

(c) (i) (1) Distance = 4 sin θ .

(2) Put r = 4, h = 4 sin θ .

Using (a), amount of gold poured into the pot
1
= π [4 2 (4 sin θ ) − (4 sin θ ) 3 ]
3
64
= π (64 sin θ − sin 3θ )
3

(ii) When the mould is completely filled,

64 88π
π (64 sin θ − sin 3θ ) =
3 3
64 sin 3θ − 192 sinθ + 88 = 0
8 sin 3θ − 24 sinθ + 11 = 0 – – – – (*)
1
Put sin θ = :
2
8 sin 3θ − 24 sinθ + 11 = 0.
1
∴ sin θ = is a root of (*)
2
(2 sinθ − 1) (4 sin 2θ + 2 sin θ − 11) = 0
1 − 2 ± 180
sin θ = or sinθ = (rejected)
2 8
1
∴ sin θ =
2
π
θ=
6

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Q.12 (a) B
a
c
θ( C
b
θ D
A O

a2 + b2 − c2
(i) cos θ =
2ab

(ii) Consider ∆ABD :

AD = 2 r
∠BDA = ∠BCA = θ
∠ABD = 90°
c
∴ sin θ =
2r
c
r=
2 sin θ

(iii) sin 2θ + cos 2θ = 1

c 2 a2 + b2 − c2 2
( ) +( ) =1
2r 2 ab
c2 (a 2 + b 2 − c 2 ) 2
= 1−
4r2 4 a 2b 2
a 2b 2c 2
r2 =
4 a 2 b 2 − (a 2 + b 2 − c 2 ) 2
abc
r=
4 a b − (a 2 + b 2 − c 2 ) 2
2 2

(b) (i) Consider ∆A′B ′C ′ : A′B ′ = ( A′P ) 2 + ( PB ′) 2

= 35 2 + 5 2
= 1250
B ′C ′ = ( PQ) 2 + (QC ′ − PB ′) 2

= 212 + (8 − 5) 2
= 450

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 ( A′Q) 2 = ( A′P ) 2 + ( PQ) 2 − 2( A′P ) ( PQ) 2 cos ∠A′PQ
= 35 2 + 212 − 2(35) (21) cos 120°
= 2401
A′C ′ = ( A′Q) 2 + (QC ′) 2

= 2401+ 8 2
= 2465

Using (a) (iii), put a = 450 , b = 2465 , c = 1250 :

1250 450 2465
r=
4(450) (2465) − (450 + 2465 − 1250) 2
= 29 m (correct to 2 sig. figures)
∴ the radius of arc A′B ′C ′ is 29 m.

(ii) B′
C′
N
φ
A′ O′

Let O′ be the centre of the circle passing through A′, B ′ and C ′,

φ be the angle subtended by arc A′B ′C ′ at O′.
Consider ∆O ′A′N (N is the mid-point of A′C ′ )
1
A ′C ′
φ 2
sin =
2 r
1
2465
φ 2
sin =
2 28.86
= 0.8602
φ = 2.07
Length of walkway

= length of A′B ′C ′ = rφ
= 28.86 (2.07)
= 60 m (correct to 2 sig. figures)
∴ the length of the walkway is 60 m.

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