Weatherability and Light Resistance Test Methods For Synthetic Resin Parts
Weatherability and Light Resistance Test Methods For Synthetic Resin Parts
Weatherability and Light Resistance Test Methods For Synthetic Resin Parts
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page Page
1. SCOPE ................................................ 2 7. EVALUA TION .................................... 11
2. DEFINITION OF TERMS ............................ 2 7.1 E valuation items .............................. 11
3. CLASSIFICATION OF TEST 7.2 Methods and exposure conditions for
APPLICA TIONS ...................................... 3 exposure testing .............................. 12
4. TYPE OF WEATHER (LIGHT) RESISTANCE 7.3 Equipment ..................................... 15
TES T ME THOD ...................................... 4 7.4 Test pieces .................................... 15
5. ACCELERATED EXPOSURE TEST 7.5 E valuation methods .......................... 15
METHOD .............................................. 4 8. MARKING ......................................... 16
5.1 Atmospheric condition of accelerated exposure 9. JUDGEME NT CRITERIA ........................ 18
tester setting location ............................. 4
5.2 Method I Sunshine weatherometer method . 4
5.3 Method II Xenon weatherometer met hod .... 7 APPENDIX 1 How to Operate Sunshine
6. OUTDOOR E XPOSURE TES T .................... 10 Weatherometer ...................... 19
6.1 Environment for the outdoor APPENDIX 2 How to Operate Xenon
exposure test ..................................... 10 Weatherometer ...................... 21
6.2 Methods for the outdoor exposure test ........ 10
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1. SCOPE
This Standard specifies the test methods for weatherability (particularly exterior parts) and light
resistance (interior parts) (hereinafter referred to as test methods) and quality standard for automotive
synthetic resin parts. Therefore, coated parts must be tested in accordance with NES M 0141 (Methods
of Test for Coating of Synthetic Resin).
2. DEFINITION OF TERMS
The main terms used in this Standard have the following meanings.
(1) Weatherability
Resistance of parts to aging(1) caused by sunlight, ozone, rain and snowfall, temperature and
humidity, and other environmental conditions to which the parts are exposed.
(2) Light resistance
Resistance of parts to aging(1) when exposed to sunlight.
(3) Exposure test equipment
A test specimen holding frame and other related devices used to expose specimens to outdoor
environmental conditions.
(4) Exposure surface
External surfaces of specimens which are directly exposed to sunlight, ozone, rain and snowfall, and
other environmental conditions.
(5) Irradiance
An amount of sunlight irradiance energy received by the exposure surface of specimens. It is
expressed in langleys (MJ/m2).
(6) Standard specimen
Standard parts, standard test pieces, standard scales for observation, and limit samples, which are
used for periodic observation or for comparison with tested specimens, and which are stored in a dry,
cool and dark place maintained under specified conditions so as not to be affected by sunlight,
temperature, humidity, dust, etc.
(7) Effective surface
The surfaces of each part which are of practical importance, such as:
(a) Surfaces that are visible from any direction when the part is placed in actual service.
(b) Surfaces whose property changes can affect the function of the part.
(8) Discoloration
Color fading (changes in saturation and lightness) due to degradation of colorants, such as dyes and
pigments; color changes (changes in color hue, e.g., yellowing and turning dark brown) due to
deterioration of components other than colorants; and a combination thereof.
(9) Gloss
The gloss range is divided into the following categories depending on the specular gloss measured at
an incident angle of 60°.
No gloss: 20 units, max.
Semi-gloss: 20 to 80 units
Gloss: 80 units, min.
(10) Crazing
Fine cracks developed on the surface of parts due to oxidation by sunlight, etc.
(11) Chalking
Chalk-like appearance of the surface caused by deterioration.
(12) Peeling
Peeling or blistering at bonded or surface coated sections.
(13) Cracking
Cracks caused by exposure to natural environment or by internal stresses.
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Note (2) S: North America, Australia, Middle and Near East, Africa, tropical zones of Southeast Asia
D: Japan, General exports
Note (3) The applicable parts shown in table 1 are just examples. For an actual application, part shape
and installation part shall be fully reviewed and application classification chosen. In addition, a
horizontal surface, an incline surface, and a vertical surface shall be 0 to 30 degrees, 30 to
80degrees and 80 to 90 degrees as a guideline toward the horizontal line respectively.
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A B D C A
B A C D B
Samples
C D B A C
Test
sample
holder D C A B D
Initial position For both the top and Switch the test samples For both the top and Return the test samples
bottom sections, switch in the top section with bottom sections, switch to their initial positions
the positions of the test those in the bottom the positions of the test and repeat the shown
samples next to each section. samples next to each procedures.
other within the section. other within the section.
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Note (4) Black panel thermometer control temperature 83±3°C shall be agreed between the concerned
parties.
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Temperature
During light irradiation: During light irradiation: During light irradiation:
control
89±3°C 89±2°C 89±2°C
Humidity inside During light irradiation: During light irradiation: During light irradiation:
tank 50±5%RH 50±5% 50±10%
Wind velocity Approx. 1 m/sec — —
Operation cycle Continuous light irradiation Continuous light irradiation Continuous light irradiation
Suga test
equipement
(Reference test Co. Wacom Atlas Co. Atlas Co.
equipment type) SX120,SX75 WT-341 Ci35, 65, 3000, 4000, 5000 1200CPS, 1200LM, BetaLM
SX2-75F,
XEL-2WN
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95%RH or more
Wind velocity Approx. 1 m/sec — —
Specimen
Approx. 2 rpm Approx. 1 rpm Approx. 2 rpm
rotation frame
During light irradiation:
20 minutes spraying during 120
360 minutes spray during 24 minutes 18 minutes spraying during 120
Cycle
minutes During non light irradiation: minutes
Water spray condition
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(4) Operations
a. Preparation of the test pieces
The sample name, test start and proposed finish dates, the control number, and any other required
information shall be indicated on the rear of each test piece in such a way that they will not be
removed during testing.
b. Test piece mounting
The test pieces shall be assembled to the exposure tester in such a way that they are not subjected
to stress. Although it is a fundamental principle that the rear plate is not to be used for test piece
mounting, this is permitted in situations where support is required as a result of shape and material
conditions. An alloy of aluminum, stainless steel, or some other metal which does not oxidize shall
be used.
c. Exposure
Exposure shall be carried out in accordance with the conditions of Table 5. In the case of test
method 1-III, contamination adhering to the surface of the glass shall be removed at regular
intervals.
d. Removal of test pieces
After exposure for the required period of time, the test pieces shall be removed and evaluation shall
be carried out in accordance with 7.5.
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7. EVALUATION
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Remark 1: Details regarding the actual implementation of, and testing personnel for, outdoor exposure
shall be determined as agreed upon between the parties concerned. Furthermore, this testing
shall be carried out wherever so required.
Remark 2: The priority sequence for the results of testing shall conform with the order of outdoor
exposure, xenon weatherometer, sunshine weatherometer. Furthermore, this is the reason
for the addition of parentheses to the sunshine weatherometer for accelerated weather (light)
resistance testing in Table 8.
Remark 1: The testing energies have been calculated for the test durations and the exposure energies in
the 300 to 400 nm range of wavelengths for each tester as indicated in Table 2, Table 3, and
Table 4. Furthermore, the relationship between testing energies and testing times is as
follows:
Testing time (s) = Testing energy (J/m2) / Irradiance (W/m2) (W = J/s)
Although the testing energy (MJ/m2) is generally used for the control of testing conditions, the
specific details of the testers require that exposure time (hours) is used for this purpose in the
case of Methods 1-I, 2-I, and 1-II-1B.
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Table 8 Each plastic accelerated light resistance load condition (Method 1: Inside cabin conditions)
Light irradiation time (Hr)/testing energy (MJ/m2) [ ]: Reference value
S (Hot areas) D (Japan, General export)
Test Applicable material Category Category Category Category Category Category Category Category
methods Category 1A 2A 3A 4A 1B 2B 3B 4B
Plastic Exterior
600/[170] 400/[110] 300/[80] 200/[60] 500/[140] 300/[80] 200/[60] 100/[30]
1-I material view (6)
Sunshine Surface
w eather- covering Physical
1,000/[280] 800/[230] 600/[170] 200/[60] 1,000/[280] 600/[170] 400/[110] 200/[60]
ometer material, property (6)
Others
PP [360]/210 [240]/140 [180]/105 [111]/65 [240]/140 [154]/90 [120]/70 [69]/40
PPC [274]/160 [189]/110 [137]/80 [86]/50 [189]/110 [129]/75 [94]/55 [60]/35
Plastic ABS
[326]/190 [215]/125 [163]/95 [103]/60 [223]/130 [154]/90 [111]/65 [69]/40
material POM
PA [377]/220 [249]/145 [189]/110 [120]/70 [257]/150 [172]/100 [129]/75 [77]/45
1-II-1A PBT [172]/100 [120]/70 [86]/50 [51]/30 [120]/70 [77]/45 [60]/35 [34]/20
Xenon PVC
w eather- leather,
ometer sheet, [69]/40 [51]/30 [34]/20 [26]/15 [51]/30 [34]/20 [26]/15 [17]/10
Surface slash,
covering PVC/ABS
material, Fabrics,
Others Leather,
Carpet, [230]/134 [154]/90 [120]/70 [69]/40 [154]/90 [103]/60 [77]/45 [51]/30
Flocked
fabrics
Surface
1-II-1B covering Fabric 144/[-] 100/[-] 70/[-] 40/[-] 100/[-] 60/[-] 50/[-] 30/[-]
material
PP [1,363]/260 [917]/175 [681]/130 [419]/80 [917]/175 [629]/120 [472]/90 [288]/55
PPC [681]/130 [472]/90 [341]/65 [210]/40 [472]/90 [314]/60 [236]/45 [157]/30
Plastic ABS
[943]/180 [629]/120 [472]/90 [288]/55 [629]/120 [419]/80 [314]/60 [210]/40
material POM
PA [1,572]/300 [1,048]/200 [786]/150 [472]/90 [1,048]/200 [708]/135 [524]/100 [314]/60
PBT [472]/90 [314]/60 [236]/45 [157]/30 [314]/60 [208]/40 [157]/30 [105]/20
1-II-2 PVC
Xenon leather,
w eather- PVC [786]/150 [524]/100 [393]/75 [236]/45 [524]/100 [367]/70 [262]/50 [157]/30
ometer sheet
Surface PVC slash [629]/120 [419]/80 [314]/60 [210]/40 [419]/80 [288]/55 [210]/40 [131]/25
covering
material, PVC/
[840]/160 [577]/110 [419]/80 [262]/50 [577]/110 [393]/75 [288]/55 [183]/35
Others ABS
Fabrics,
Leather,
Carpet, [393]/75 [259]/50 [210]/40 [131]/25 [262]/50 [183]/35 [131]/25 [80]/15
Flocked
fabrics
PP [590]/170 [399]/115 [295]/85 [191]/55 [399]/115 [278]/80 [208]/60 [122]/35
PPC [347]/100 [233]/70 [174]/50 [104]/30 [243]/70 [174]/50 [122]/35 [87]/25
Plastic ABS
[556]/160 [382]/110 [278]/80 [174]/50 [382]/110 [260]/75 [191]/55 [122]/35
material POM
PA [799]/230 [538]/155 [399]/115 [243]/70 [538]/155 [365]/105 [278]/80 [174]/50
PBT [278]/80 [191]/55 [139]/40 [87]/25 [191]/55 [139]/40 [104]/30 [69]/20
1-II-3 PVC
Xenon leather, [556]/160 [382]/110 [278]/80 [174]/50 [382]/110 [260]/75 [191]/55 [122]/35
w eather- sheet
ometer PVC
[260]/75 [172]/50 [139]/40 [87]/25 [174]/50 [122]/35 [87]/25 [52]/15
Surface slash
covering PVC/
[625]/180 [417]/120 [312]/90 [191]/55 [417]/120 [278]/80 [208]/60 [139]/40
material, ABS
Others Fabrics,
Leather,
Carpet, [243]/70 [174]/50 [122]/35 [87]/25 [174]/50 [122]/35 [87]/25 [52]/15
Flocked
fabrics
Note (6): For physical property, xenon can’t cope with the heat matter, only the sunshine-type shall be used.
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Table 9 Each plastic accelerated light resistance load condition (Method 2: Outside cabin conditions)
Light irradiation time (Hr)/testing energy (MJ/m2) ( 6) [ ]: Reference value
All areas
Applicable material
Test methods Category 1 Category 2 Category 3
Category
2-I Plastic material
Sunshine (Except for 2300/[646] 1520/[427] 690/[193]
w eatherometer PVC, POM)
PP [3500]/2275 [2310]/1505 [1050]/683
PPC [3500]/2275 [2310]/1505 [1050]/683
ABS, AES, AAS [1400]/910 [924]/604 [420]/271
2-II-1
Xenon POM [4200]/2730 [2772]/1803 [1260]/823
w eatherometer PMMA [4200]/2730 [2772]/1803 [1260]/823
PC, PC/PET,
[1700]/1138 [1155]/753 [525]/341
PC/PBT
PVC [3500]/2275 [2319]/1509 [1050]/678
PP [3500]/753 [2310]/499 [1050]/228
PPC [3500]/753 [2310]/499 [1050]/228
ABS, AES, AAS [2100]/455 [1383]/298 [665]/140
2-II-2
Xenon POM [4200]/910 [2772]/595 [1260]/271
w eatherometer PMMA [4200]/910 [2772]/595 [1260]/271
PC, PC/PET,
[3500]/753 [2310]/499 [1050]/228
PC/PBT
PVC [5250]/1138 [3465]/744 [1575]/350
PP [3500]/1068 [2310]/700 [1050]/315
PPC [3500]/1068 [2310]/700 [1050]/315
ABS, AES, AAS [2100]/648 [1386]/429 [665]/193
2-II-3
Xenon POM [4200]/1278 [2774]/840 [1260]/385
w eatherometer PMMA [4200]/1278 [2774]/840 [1260]/385
PC, PC/PET,
[3500]/1068 [2310]/700 [1050]/315
PC/PBT
PVC [5250]/1619 [3456]/1072 [1575]/481
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7.3 Equipment
(1) Discoloration gray scale as set forth in JIS L 0804.
(2) Color difference gauge as set forth in JIS Z 8722.
(3) Light-transmittance measurement device as set forth in JIS K 7361-1.
(4) Gloss meter conforming with the mirror-gloss measurement device as set forth in JIS Z 8741.
(5) Standard light source conforming with the D65 standard light source as set forth in JIS Z 8720.
7.4 Test pieces
(1) Post-exposure test pieces
These are the test pieces that have completed exposure testing in accordance with the conditions of
7.2. As a fundamental principle, these test pieces shall be dried after having the surfaces water
washed using gauze or another similar material. Note, furthermore, that in accordance with the
agreement between the parties concerned, it is permitted to wipe off said surfaces using genuine
Nissan wax or genuine Nissan interior trim cleaner.
(2) Stored test pieces for comparison
These are the test pieces that come from the same lot as those subjected to testing and are stored for
the purpose of later comparison. Storage of said pieces shall be carried out in a dark room or a
light-sealed container with grade-5 standard conditions (20°C±5°C) and grade-5 standard-humidity
conditions (65±5%) in accordance with JIS Z 8703.
7.5 Evaluation methods
Visual evaluation shall be carried out comparing the post-exposure test pieces from 7.4 (1) with the
stored test pieces from 7.4 (2).
Using a D65 standard light source, the test pieces shall be illuminated at approximately 1,000 Lx and shall
be examined by the naked eye at a distance of approximately 25 cm.
(1) Surface condition
The surface of the exposed section shall examined and investigated for the presence of appearance
abnormalities (creasing, chalking, stains, peeling, and cracking).
(2) Gray scale discoloration
For achromatic color test samples, using a grayscale, compare variations in color displayed on the
test sample after being tested with those shown by each gradient of the grayscale. For specimens of
chromatic color, evaluation should normally be done using a color comparison measuring instrument.
However, if instrumental evaluation is not feasible for some reason, visual comparison with standard
samples may be used as agreed upon between concerned parties.
(3) Color difference
a. For test pieces of chromatic color, use a color difference gauge and measure the comparison test
pieces that have been stored and test pieces after exposure. Calculate the color difference by the
following expression according to the provision of JIS Z 8730 (color indication method - color
difference of substance color) 7.1.
∆Eab = [(∆L*)2+(∆a*)2+(∆b*)2]1/2
b. For optical parts (e.g., lamp lenses), according to the procedure specified in JIS Z 8722 (Methods of
colour measurement - Reflecting and transmitting objects) to determine chromaticity.
(4) Permeation ratio
Transmittance evaluation shall be made by measuring light transmittance (%) according to JIS K
7361-1, and determine changes in transmittance using the following formula.
(5) Gloss
Measure gloss before and after the test according to the procedure specified in JIS Z 8741 (Method of
measurement for specular glossiness) and calculate gloss-retention rate using the following formula.
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8. MARKING
Following the implementation of testing in accordanc e with the methods from Section 7.2 and evaluation in
accordance with the methods from Section 7.5, mark the following information in details.
(1) Test method
(2) Tester type (manufacturer and model)
(3) Test conditions (exposure time and irradiance)
(4) Test piece (material type, shape)
(5) Results of evaluation
a. Surface condition: Presence of creasing, chalking, stains, peeling, and cracking; and other specific
items
b. Grayscale discoloration: Evaluation grade
c. Color difference: ∆E
d. Permeation ratio: Variation in light transmittance (%)
e. Gloss: Gloss-retention rate (%)
* The results of evaluation shall be, in principle, recorded using a form equivalent to Table 10 “Weatherability
test result recording form”.
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耐候性試験結果 記入用紙
Weatherability test result recording form
1.1.サンプル詳細情報
Detailed information of test sample
Part
部品名称name 部品番号
Part No.
試験方法
Testing method SWOM - XWOM
SWOM ・ XWOM 試験機種メーカ
Test equipment manufacturer
試験時間(H)
Test time (H) Irradiance (W/m2)
放射照度(W/m2)
Material
材料メーカsupplier 材料種
Material type
Material
材料グレードgrade With表面処理有無
or w ithout
surface treatment
Test試験使用品
sample used Portion cut from part
部品切り出し ・ T/P Surface 表面処理材質
treatment material
2.2.試験結果
Test results
2. Test results
2.試験結果
Measurement Judgment
確認項目
Check item 初期
Before testing After試験後
testing 測定結果
results Judgment
判定基準 criteria 判定
<洗浄後>
<After washing>
外観写真
Photograph -
- -
- -
-
of
appearance Reference: <Before washing>
参考:<洗浄前>
Surface conditions
-- Shall目視にてクレージングなきこと
be free of visible creasing.
表 Creasing
クレージング 有・無
Present/Absent 有・無
Present/Absent 外観写真、サンプル保管の事
OK/NG
OK/NG
面
Shall keep photographs of appearance and samples.
状
態
Shall目視にてチョーキングなきこと
be free of visible chalking.
チョーキング
Chalking Present/Absent
有・無 Present/Absent
有・無 -- OK/NG
OK/NG
Shall keep photographs of appearance and samples.
外観写真、サンプル保管のこと
Present/Absent
有・無 Shall目視にてしみがなきこと
be free of visible stains.
Inspection results at a magnification However, when there are stains, shall inspect at a magnification of
ただし、しみが発生した場合については100倍拡大観察を実施し
Stains
しみ Present/Absent
有・無 -
- OK/NG
OK/NG
有の場合、100倍拡大観察結果 100 times to confirm whether there is any cracking.
クラックではないことを確認すること
of 100 times when”Present” (If cracking(クラックの場合NGとする)
is present, it is judged to be NG).
クラック有 ・ クラック無
Grayscale discoloration
グレースケール変退色 -
― -― 等級
Grade Grade 3.03級以上
or more OK/NG
OK/NG
<洗浄後>
<After washing>
Photograph indicating 3.0 or less (2.0 or less when it is the same as the
測定部位 表示用写真 vehicle body color) OK/NG
OK/NG
Color difference
色差⊿E*
the area measured 3.0以下(車体色同色の場合2.0以下)
The area measured shall be reported using a
測定部位を外観写真により明示し報告の事
photograph of the appearance.
L:
L: L:
L:
a:
a: a:
a:
OK/NG
OK/NG
b: b:
b: b:
Variation 透過率変化
in light transmittance 20% 20%以下
or less OK/NG
OK/NG
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9. JUDGEMENT CRITERIA
Table 10 presents the judgement criteria to be implemented with respect to the results of visual
examination following exposure testing. However, in situations where judgement criteria are set forth in
the relevant NES, these shall be implemented.
* Evaluation criteria for mechanical and physical properties following weather (light) resistance testing shall
be in accordance with the relevant NES or shall be determined by agreement between the parties
concerned.
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1. Test equipment
Test equipment is shown as follows.
Figure 4 An example of sunshine weatherometer test equipment
Glass filter
Controller
Test sample
Recorder
Carbon
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2.6 Spray
(1) The pressure of spray water shall be adjusted to 98 kPa.
(2) Each nozzle shall generate a spray of a uniform condition.
2.7 Others
(1) In situations where the safety lamp turns on, action shall be taken in accordance with the section
Faults and Countermeasures from the user’s manual.
(2) If not used for extended periods of time, a full supply of water shall be provided to the tank and the
humidity generator.
(3) The input power-supply voltage shall remain constantly at 200 V ± 20 V.
2.8 Precautions
(1) To turn operation on and off during illumination, the “Stop” button shall be used. Note that the
“Power” button is not to be used for this purpose. If testing is interrupted in such a case, the “Power”
button shall be turned on for 15 minutes and then turned off.
Sunlight
Wavelength (nm)
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Test sample
Surface spray
Test sample holder
Touch screen
Back spray
Recorder
2.1 Lamp
(1) The irradiance of the xenon arc lamp will change with usage; accordingly, the service period for this
item is set at 1,000 hours maximum, and if this level has been exceeded, replace the lamp with a
new part as soon as possible.
(2) If lamp breakage occurs, it shall be replaced with a new part as soon as possible.
(3) Newly replaced lamps shall be aged for a period of 20 hours before actual use.
2.2 Filter
(1) The service period for filters (outer, inner) shall be within 1,000 hours, and if this level has been
exceeded, replace the filter with a new part as soon as possible.
(2) Gloves shall be used for filter replacement and contact with hands is to be avoided.
(3) After transferring the lamp-cooling water to the special container, the lamp-coolant tank shall be
filled with this liquid.
(4) The power supply must always be turned off when performing lamp and/or filter replacement.
2.3 Irradiance
(1) Adjustment shall be carried out using the radiation-voltage setting knob so that the standard
irradiance can be achieved (162±5 W/m2 for inside cabin conditions; 180±5 W/m2 for outside cabin
conditions).
(2) Top and bottom replacement of the radiant flux density meter shall not be carried out.
(3) Calibration by the manufacturer shall be carried out once every year.
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0
250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800
Wavelength (nm)
Figure 7 Suga Test Instrument Filter: Quartz/#275
(UV [Ultra Violet] and VIS [Visible light]) (UV (Vltra Violet: and VIS [Visible light])
2.0 2.0
Spectral irradiance (w/m2-nm)
Sunlight Sunlight
0.5 0.5
0.0 0.0
250
400
450
600
650
300
350
500
550
700
750
800
400
450
500
550
600
650
700
750
800
250
300
350
Aging curves
Sunlight vs. CIRA/Soda lime 5.00E+00
Spectral irradiance (w/m2-nm)
2.0 4.00E+00
20 Hour
500 Hour
1000 Hour
Sunlight 3.50E+00
Irradiance in W/m^2*nm
Soda lime
2.50E+00
2.00E+00
1.0
1.50E+00
1.00E+00
0.5
5.00E-01
0.00E+00
0.0
0
8
6
4
2
0
8
6
4
2
0
8
6
4
2
0
8
6
4
2
0
8
6
4
2
0
8
6
4
2
0
25
26
28
30
32
34
35
37
39
41
43
44
46
48
50
52
53
55
57
59
61
62
64
66
68
70
71
73
75
77
79
400
450
500
550
600
650
700
750
800
250
300
350
Wavelength in nm
Figure 10 Atlas Filter: CIRA/Soda lime Figure 11 Aging deterioration behavior of Atlas
xenon lamp
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Normative References: NES M 0141-2006-2 Methods of Test for Coating of Synthetic Resin
NES M 0154-2005-1 Testing Methods of Fabrics for Automobiles
NES M 7081-2006-N Polyvinylchloride Coated Fabric for Automobiles
NES M 7083-2005-N Vinyl Sheet for Automobiles
NES M 7084-2005-N Vacuum-Formed Sheet for Instrument Panel Pad
NES M 7100-2005-N Fabrics for Automobiles
NES M 7102-2007-N Seat and Door Leather for Automobiles
NES M 7103-2005-N Automotive Carpet
NES M 8022-2006-N PVC Slush – Molded Skin
NES M 8011-2004-1 ABS, AAS, AES Resin (Contained Polymer Alloy Resin with Another
Resin)
NES M 8012-2005-N Filler Reinforced Polypropylene
NES M 8014-2005-N Polyacetal
NES M 8015-1999-N Polyamide
NES M 8016-1999-N Polybutylene Terephthalate (PBT)
JIS R 3202: 1996 Float glass and polished plate glass
JIS Z 8701: 1999 Colour specification - The CIE 1931 standard colorimetric system and
the CIE 1964 supplementary standard colorimetric system
JIS Z 8703: 1983 Standard atomospheric conditions for testing
JIS Z 8720: 2000 Standard illuminants and sources for colorimetry
JIS Z 8722: 2000 Methods of colour measurement - Reflecting and transmitting objects
JIS Z 8730: 2002 Colour specification - Colour differences of object colours
JIS Z 8741: 1997 Specular glossiness -- Method of measurement
JIS K 7219: 1998 Plastics - Methods of exposure to direct weathering, to weathering
using glass-filtered daylight, and to intensified weathering by daylight
using Fresnel mirrors
JIS K 7350-1: 1995 Plastics - Methods of exposure to laboratory light sources
JIS K 7361-1: 1997 Plastics - Determination of the total luminous transmittance of
transparent materials - Part 1: Single beam instrument
JIS K 7362: 1999 Plastics Determination of changes in colour and variations in properties
after exposure to daylight under glass, natural weathering or laboratory
light sources
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M0135_2018-N
ANNEX
1. Revision objectives
NDS revise the weathering test condition using correlation bet ween North America 5 years, because of
whitening issue of COVE R-COWL TOP(2008) and MLDG ASSY-ROOF S IDE (2017). This revision is for
Light irradiation time and testing energy in method 2 based on 5 years in North America market.
2) Acceleration condition
Light irradiation time and testing energy is to be revis ed in Table 9 Each plastic accelerated light
resistance load condition (Method 2: Outside cabin conditions). In the case of 2-I Sunshine weatherometer,
The revis ed magnification(1.15=2000hr(Old)⇒2300hr(New)) of COVER-COWL TOP (Category 1:PP) is to
referred for category1/ 2/3. In the case of 2-II Xenon weatherometer, The revised
magnification(1. 75=2000hr(Old)⇒3500hr(New)) of COVER-COWL TOP (Cat egory 1) is to referred for 2-
Ⅱ-1/2/3, category1/2/ 3, except PVC material. About PVC, The revised magnific ation(4.375=800hr(Old)⇒
3500hr(New)) of MLDG ASSY-ROOF S IDE (Cat egory 1:PVC) is to referred for PV C material of 2-Ⅱ-1/2/3,
category1/2/3.
2. Revision objectives
In recent years, we have received customer complaints about the quality of resin parts without coating.
Consequently, a complete review (test durations and judgment criteria) of the standard is being studied. In general,
as the light deterioration mechanism of high polymers differs depending on the type of material, the speed of
deterioration also differs even when the same load (light, heat, and water) is applied in the market. Therefore it is
necessary to ascertain the deterioration mechanism of each type of material. This revision has been made in order
to avoid vague expressions in judgment criteria for the accelerated exposure test and reduce the test data
variations.
ANNEX diagram 1
Light
Heat (1)
Water (2)
The 添加剤が水に溶ける
additives are dissolved 水が蒸発する
The water evaporates. The additives give the resin
in the water. part white appearance.
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M0135_2018-N
In consideration of the deterioration mechanism above, it is important to closely observe the status of the surface after
being subject to the accelerated exposure test. In the future the deterioration mechanisms of materials other than PP
shall be clarified and the test duration of each type of test shall be reviewed while confirming market correlation.
Moreover, the above load ratio was introduced by the measuring result of solar radiation quantity on
the actual vehicle in Arizona (P11) and at the NTC (A33). Therefore, market research will be made in
Fiscal 2001, and appropriateness of the load ratio shall be verified.
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M0135_2018-N
As the test conditions of method 2 class 1 (portions of external parts that are affected by the sunlight),
the outdoor exposure test (up to two years) and the accelerated weather resistance test by the xenon
weatherometer shall be carried out for the above materials. Change of the color difference, gross and
permeation ratio of each material were examined, and the test conditions of the xenon weatherometer
(accumulated irradiation energy, time) for deteriorating the weather resistance equivalent to two years
of exposure in Okinawa were set.
(As a reference, a typical example of weather resistance deterioration data by the exposure test in
Okinawa and the accelerated test by the xenon weatherometer is attached to the Explanation Figure
1.)
Moreover, by the former Standard, the test conditions of the xenon weatherometer were not specified
for method 2 class 2 (portions of external parts that are less affected by the sunlight), however, the test
conditions were standardized for these portions also for this time. As the test conditions, the load
conditions equivalent to one year of exposure in Okinawa were set. (1/2 load of method 2 class 1)
5.3 Others
The test conditions of the accelerated weather (light) resistance test by the xenon weatherometer differ
by the material type. (Reference material is attached.) Therefore, for the resin materials not specified at
this stage, the xenon weatherometer test conditions shall be set in order from now on.
5.4 Explanation of former Standard
Explanation at the previous revision is attached.
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M0135_2018-N
[Reference material]
For the accelerated weather (light) resistance test by the xenon weatherometer, the test conditions are
set by the material type/machine type, and it is because of the following reasons.
1) In general, the acceleration ratio of light deterioration of high polymers by temperature (temperature
dependency of light deterioration speed) differs by the material type. Therefore, even if each material
is subjected to loads of the same light, heat, (and water), a phenomenon where the light deterioration
speed differs by the accelerated weather (light) test conditions (constant test temperature) occurs for
one material whose light deterioration reaction is sensitive to temperature and another material whose
reaction is dull to temperature.
Temperature
Accelerated weather (light)
Temperature resistance test
Temperature dependency Temperature Material A
environment on the
reaction speed constant
market
Light deterioration
Material A
Time
Temperature
Accelerated weather (light)
Material B
resistance test
Material B
Temperature Time
Time
2) The maximum deterioration wavelength of high polymers differ by the material type. On the other hand,
the wavelength distribution of a xenon lamp is similar to that of the sunlight, however, the ratio of the
xenon light energy and the sunlight energy in the fine wavelength area differ by the wavelength.
Therefore, this energy ratio differs in the deterioration wavelength area for each material type, and the
deterioration speed differs.
Sunlight
Wavelength
The above 1) and 2) are the main reasons, therefore, for the accelerated weather (light) resistance test
conditions by the xenon weatherometer, and the test conditions (time, energy) are set for each material
type even for the same machine type
Because the specifications/operation conditions of the xenon weatherometer that is the standard in each
region (Japan, USA, Europe) are different, it is necessary to set the test conditions for each machine type.
(Refer to Tables 4 and 6 in the text.)
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M0135_2018-N
ANNEX Figure 1 Outdoor exposure test/xenon weatherometer accelerated weather resistance test
result example (Method 2)
Method II-2
Method II-3
PC permeation ratio
Exposure in Okinawa
Method II-1
Method II-2
Permeation ratio (%)
Method II-3
AES gloss
Exposure in Okinawa
Method II-1
Method II-2
Method II-3
Gloss (%)
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M0135_2018-N
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6. OTHERS
6.1 Evaluation of new materials
The test conditions for the xenon method differ by material. Therefore, in the case of evaluating new
materials not specified currently, it is necessary to determine the conditions including the execution of the
outdoor exposure by following the attached Figure 2.
6.2 Outdoor exposure location
The outdoor exposure is based on the data of the Okinawa weathering test place of the Material
Engineering Department of Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. in Okinawa. For reference of executing the outdoor
exposure overseas, the load value map (interior parts) for each area based on the solar radiation quantity
is shown in the attached Figure 4.
Start
NG
End
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M0135_2018-N
Attached Figure 3 Example of correlation figure of Okinawa exposure and xenon accelerated light
resistance test results for vinyl chloride sheet/leather
Okinawa exposure 1 year (∆E)
Note (1) Inclination 0.78 represents the acceleration characteristic of the xenon accelerated light resistance load
quantity for one year of Okinawa exposure shown by this example.
(2) R represents correlation, and it is judged good when it is 0.8 to 1.0.
Attached Figure 4 Map of load ratio for each area with 12 months of Okinawa outdoor exposure (interior
parts) as 1.0
1.0 (Spain)
1.9 (Arizona)
0.7 (Tokyo)
1.4 (Florida)
1.0 (Okinawa)
1.1 (Australia)
32