HCC Tricone Technology ForSLB 6pp

Roller Cone Bit Structure
Tricone Bit Identification

(on top of pin)
Technology API Shank
Pressure
Components, technology, applications Stabilization Pad Compensation
Rev. A. 20.06.2005 System
Ralf Duerholt Jet Nozzle
Bit Leg
Shirttail
Gauge Compacts Bearing

Cone
Teeth / Inserts
© 2005 Baker Hughes Incorporated. All rights reserved. © 2005 Baker Hughes Incorporated. All rights reserved.
Prepared for Schlumberger internal us e only. Prepared for Schlumberger internal us e only.
Bearing Types Bearing Types (cont)

Roller Bearing Journal Bearing
| Application | Application
z Large Diameter
• 14¾ and larger z Medium – small diameter
z High RPM • 12 ¼” and smaller
• Low friction
• Less heat | Advantages:
| Advantages: z High Weight Capability
z High RPM Capability z Relatively Space Efficient
z Runs “Cool”
| Disadvantages:
| Disadvantages: z RPM Limitations
z Requires More Space
z Runs “Hot”
z Weight Limitations
Bearing Diameter Effect Cone Interior

600
Sliding speed on
Sliding Speed on Journal (ft/min)
12 1/4” |
500
bearing surface will
400 increase with
8 1/2” bearing diameter
300
4 3/4”
200
| Higher sliding
100
speeds create
greater frictional
0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350
heat in the larger
Rotary Speed (RPM) sizes. Silver plating
1
Seal Systems Seal Systems
Single Energizer Metal Face Seal
O-Ring Seal | Applications

z High RPM
| O-Ring is squeezed z High Temp
between polished z Abrasive
surfaces on the head | Why?
and cone. z Reduced friction
z Heat tolerance
| Applications z Abrasion resistant
z Low Cost | How?
z High WOB z Engineered face loads
z Metal vs. Elastomer
z Slower RPM
| Proof
z Reliability
Cone
Head Mud Wiper & Cone

Back Face Groove Compensation System
| A grease filled reservoir
| a.k.a. dry mud cut compact | Supplies grease to the
| Wiper Removes Cuttings From bearing
Cone Groove and Cone Back | Pressure differences
Cone
Face Groove
between the inside of the
| Cone Groove Decreases bearing and the bore
Compaction Points Mud Wiper
hole are equalised
| Reduces Dry Mud Cut on Head | Pressure build-up in the
Section bearing is vented
| MFS & O-ring through the pinhole in
the rubber compensator
Cone Retention Mechanism Nozzles & Centre Jets
| Nozzles and center | Centre jets allow for

jets are tungsten direct cleaning of the
carbide centre of the bit
| Ball-lock is the most common cone retention system.

z Ball bearings are inserted through the bit leg and the
hole is plugged and welded closed
2
High Flow Tubes Mini Extended Nozzles
| High Flow Tubes (HFT) move | Mini-Extended nozzles can

the jet outlet closer to the be fitted into any 7 7/8” or
bottom of the hole. larger bit.
| Rugged, durable design.

| They can be used in
combination with standard
| Usually two HFT’s are used in
nozzle bosses or with High
combination with a standard
Flow Tubes.
nozzle. The HFT’s should be
nozzled with around 80% of
the TFA.
Cutting Structure - Components Steel Tooth Components

Milled Steel Tooth Tungsten Carbide Insert Flank
Spearpoint Nose Crest
Inner Rows
Heel Row
Root
Trimmers
© 2005 Baker Hughes Incorporated. All rights reserved.
Gauge Row © 2005 Baker Hughes Incorporated. All rights reserved.
Steel Tooth Cutting

XL Feature
Structures
Soft Formation vs. Medium Formation
| Retards wear
• Tooth Structure • Tooth Structure
High Projection, Long Crest Medium Projection, Short Crest | Improves durability
• Cutting Structure • Cutting Structure | Patented
Low Row Count (7), Wide Spacing High Row Count (9), Tight Spacing
17 1/2” MX-1 17 1/2” MX-3

3
Super Gauge Spearpoint Protection
| Full hardfacing coverage

| Prevents center jet
induced erosion
z Reduces coring
tendencies
z Extends bit life
| Full length of gauge | MX, XLX
| Wear specific formula
z 230% more spherical cast carbide
| Inverted radius geometry
Carbide Grades Carbide Grade Modernization

24
22
Modernized Grades
20
)
18
1/2
KIc (ksi ∗ in
3255 2045 1240 16
14
Old Grades
12
10
8
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
3260 Grade D17
Wear Resistance Number (krevs / mil)
Compact Shapes Compact Shape Placement

Soft Formation Medium Formation Hard Formation
Soft to Medium
Super Scoop Scoop Wedge Crested
Chisel Chisel Chisel
Medium to Hard
Inner Rows Inner Rows Inner Rows
Conical 90o Chisel Super Scoops Conical Inserts Ovoid Inserts
Greater projection Greater projection Ogive Inserts
Outer Rows Outer Rows Conical inserts
Wedge Crested Chisels Wedge Crested Chisels Outer Rows
Gauge Trimmers Lower projection Ovoid Inserts
Hard Lower projection Gauge Rows Gauge Rows
Gauge Rows Flat Ended Gauge Inserts Flat Ended Gauge Inserts
Ovoid Ogive Flat Ended Gauge Inserts
4
Boss Stabilization Leg Protection Features
| Near Six Point Contact For Greater Stability
| Superior Nozzle & Compensator Protection
UltraMax
P – Feature S - Feature Integral pad
(welded pad,
Leg bullets
older bits)
© 2005 Baker Hughes Incorporated. All rights reserved. © 2005 Baker Hughes Incorporated. All rights reserved. Motor Hardfacing
Enhanced Gauge Protection

Updrill G Feature
| Protects | Wear resistant, durable

Compensator shapes on the heel row
| Diamond options utilise

diamond inserts on the
gauge row
Active Cutting Compacts

Diamond Enhanced Gauge Cone Angles

Options
| Soft Formation Design
D Feature DT Feature
100% Diamond z Multiple Cone Angles for non-
z 33 % Diamond Trimmer
Gauge true rolling
– Highly efficient
gauge cutting z Each Cone Angle has a centre of
insert rotation about which it wants to
rotate, none of which are on the
centreline of the bit
DX Feature DDT Feature
z This results in one row driving
33% Diamond DX - 33%
Gauge and the others sliding
DT - 100%
– Increased – The ultimate X Center of Rotation - Apex
durability gauge holding X Center of Rotation - Middle Row
vs. the “D” design
X Center of Rotation - Heel
feature
5
Bit Geometry
Cone Angles
Cone Offset / Skew
| Hard Formation Design
z Limited Cone Angles to | Cone Offset promotes off-
promote true rolling hence Offset centre cone rotation which
reduce sliding & scraping (1/16”) encourages cone sliding
tendency
z Beneficial in hard rocks | This imparts a shearing
which respond to chipping cutting action
rather than sliding &
scraping
| Soft formation bits have
X Center of Rotation of Single Cone Bevel higher offset than hard
formation bits
Skew Angle (Degrees)
Cutting Structure Layout Cutting Structure Layout

Soft Formation Design Hard Formation Design
Inserts Cones Inserts

Low Row Count Thinner Cross Section Due to Intermesh
Cones
High Row Count Thick Cross Section Due To Intermesh
Deep Intermesh High offset- non true rolling Less Intermesh Low offset- more true rolling
Light Set / Light Bottom hole Coverage
Densely Set / Full Bottom hole
Coverage
Standard vs. Gauge Trimmer

Irregular Tooth Spacing
Tracking
Craters From Previous Tracking occurs when teeth
Passes fall into the craters left by
previous revolutions of the cone.
Newly Formed Craters
Cone shell wear
Decreased effective WOB
Future Craters As Cutter Decreased ROP
Rolls To Left
Irregular tooth spacing is used

to develop new craters by Standard Bit Enhanced Gauge Trimmers
reducing tracking tendencies.
Less cone shell wear
Improved ROP
Patented self-sharpening tungsten
Smoother Operation carbide inserts strategically placed in the
outer portion of the cutting structure
6
Standard vs. GT Paths Effective Compact Projection
| Effective projection is a function of tooth projection, tooth spacing,

and cone diameter
| The most populated row limits the depth that all other rows can

penetrate into the formation
Hydraulic Issues Flexible Hydraulics

Unbiased Hydraulics Biased Hydraulics
| Bit balling and bottom hole balling reduce effective tooth
projection, which prevents the bit from drilling the
formation, resulting in:
z Lower ROP
Severe
z Reduced bit response to WOB balling
covering Conventional Clean Sweep 3
cutting Clean Sweep 2 XStream
structure
Standard nozzle Nozzles positioned so Nozzles positioned so
configurations direct fluid fluid stream cleans the multiple rows of
Cuttings between the cones heel and adjacent heel cones are cleaned
& Fines towards the corner of the teeth. Majority of and high turbulent
borehole wall. Hydraulic hydraulic energy is energy is created on
energy is focused at the focused on the cutting bottom
formation. structure
Bottom Hole Balling Bit Balling

Motor Bits
Clean Sweep Hydraulics
XLX Hardfacing
Features *
BOSS Grease &

Stabilization * Lubrication
System
(Equalizer) *
Clean Sweep
Hydraulics * Mud Packing
Prevention Package
(Excluder)
Motor
Hardfacing SEM Bearing
Package * 17 ½” Wear Pad
Conventional Hydraulic Jetting Clean Sweep Jetting

* Patented Features
7
Double Angle Conical Tougher Carbide
Greater
Projection PSI
610 Failure
More Support
605 Point
600
595
Previous New 590
585
580
575
570
Stress New Carbide Old Carbide
New proprietary carbide grades have been developed to

provide improved durability and wear resistance
BD3
Modeling BD3 Toolbox
Predict cone shell contact
− Allows modification of cone grooving
to relieve cone steel from formation
− Allows placement of row savers
Predict bit dynamics

− Off center rotation
Predict tracking
− Allows modification of tooth spacing
Compact Retention
Tricone Bit Selection Model
Cone Savers Ultra Max HardRok HydraBoss STAR2 AirXL
Bit Application GT XLX
− Add exceptional cone steel protection (MX) (HR) (H/HX) (STX) (XL)
without sacrificing penetration rate High RPM
High Temperature
Highly Abrasive
Prone to balling
Slim Hole
Hard formation - Low RPM
Hard formation - Motor
Soft Abrasive
Deep High Pressure Shales
Drilling in Air/Foam
Higher Weight

HCC Tricone Technology ForSLB 6pp

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

HCC Tricone Technology ForSLB 6pp

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

HCC Tricone Technology ForSLB 6pp

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Roller Cone Bit Structure

Tricone Bit Identification

Technology API Shank

Gauge Compacts Bearing

Bearing Types Bearing Types (cont)

Bearing Diameter Effect Cone Interior

O-Ring Seal | Applications

Head Mud Wiper & Cone

Cone Retention Mechanism Nozzles & Centre Jets

| Nozzles and center | Centre jets allow for

| Ball-lock is the most common cone retention system.

| High Flow Tubes (HFT) move | Mini-Extended nozzles can

| Rugged, durable design.

Cutting Structure - Components Steel Tooth Components

Steel Tooth Cutting

17 1/2” MX-1 17 1/2” MX-3

| Full hardfacing coverage

Carbide Grades Carbide Grade Modernization

3255 2045 1240 16

Compact Shapes Compact Shape Placement

Enhanced Gauge Protection

| Protects | Wear resistant, durable

| Diamond options utilise

Active Cutting Compacts

Diamond Enhanced Gauge Cone Angles

Cutting Structure Layout Cutting Structure Layout

Inserts Cones Inserts

Standard vs. Gauge Trimmer

Irregular tooth spacing is used

| Effective projection is a function of tooth projection, tooth spacing,

© 2005 Baker Hughes Incorporated. All rights reserved.

Hydraulic Issues Flexible Hydraulics

Bottom Hole Balling Bit Balling

BOSS Grease &

© 2005 Baker Hughes Incorporated. All rights reserved.

New proprietary carbide grades have been developed to

 Predict bit dynamics

without sacrificing penetration rate High RPM

Hard formation - Low RPM

Hard formation - Motor

Deep High Pressure Shales

You might also like

Predict bit dynamics