Contingency Planning
Contingency Planning
Contingency Planning
SOLAS stipulates the conduct of boat/abandon ship drill and fire drill at intervals
not exceeding a month.
IMO stipulates, as part of ISM, for every company to have a contingency plan for
all perceived life
• USCG and various port state administrations require a ship to conduct oil
pollution contingency drills at periodic stipulated intervals.
• Port and flag state authorities can call upon ships to prove their standards of
preparedness by demonstrating through unannounced drills.
Contingency Planning
Under the ISM Code, every company is required to identify the various
contingencies that could occur on board and draw up drills and procedures to
deal with such contingencies.
• Contingency plan gives the broad outline, while the “Muster List” delegates the
duties to individuals.
• The muster list shall specify details of emergency alarm and action to be taken
by each individual when this alarm is sounded.
• Shall specify the exact means by which an “abandon ship” order will be issued.
• The muster list shall specify which officers are assigned to ensure that the life
saving and fire appliances are maintained in good condition and ready for
emergency use.
Compiled by: Capt. Naveen C Tewari, ARI Saket. New Delhi (01/21) 1
CONTINGENCY PLANNING
• Fire drill
• Abandon-ship drill.
QUARTERLY
Steering Failure.
Launching & manoeuvering of life boat in water.
Oil Pollution.
ONCE A YEAR
• Man over-board.
• Stranding/Grounding.
• Collision.
• Cargo shifting.
• Terrorist/Pirate attack.
• Power failure.
Compiled by: Capt. Naveen C Tewari, ARI Saket. New Delhi (01/21) 2
CONTINGENCY PLANNING
Contingency Planning
• Back up plans, particularly with regard to back up for team leaders should be
provided for.
• Contingency plans should give the necessary attention to watch keeping and
communication duties.
• The plans should give the necessary flexibility to cope with deviations from the
plan which may sometimes be necessary.
Compiled by: Capt. Naveen C Tewari, ARI Saket. New Delhi (01/21) 3
CONTINGENCY PLANNING
• SERS Coordinator, Head office, Classification society, agents, port & flag state
and may-be salvage contractors for damage response exercises.
Under the command of the Master, it consists of the bridge watch-keeping and
communications team.
• Communications.
• Log keeping.
Usually under the charge of the Chief Officer, it takes charge of operations at the
seat of the emergency.
• In case of engine room contingency, to take over the tasks of a backup team,
while the backup team takes over the duties of the emergency team.
Compiled by: Capt. Naveen C Tewari, ARI Saket. New Delhi (01/21) 4
CONTINGENCY PLANNING
• To evaluate human and material resource requirements and report the same
to the Command team.
Usually under the charge of the 2nd Engineer, it offers back up support to the
emergency team.
• To carry out second line services under the instructions of the Command team.
Usually under the charge of the 2nd Officer, it takes charge of emergency
ancillary services.
Compiled by: Capt. Naveen C Tewari, ARI Saket. New Delhi (01/21) 5
CONTINGENCY PLANNING
Every company is required by the ISM Code to develop, implement and maintain
a Safety Management System (SMS). Within this SMS, procedures are required
to describe and respond to potential shipboard emergency situations. If the
preparation of response actions for the many possible varying types of
emergency situations which may occur are formulated on the basis of a
Compiled by: Capt. Naveen C Tewari, ARI Saket. New Delhi (01/21) 6
CONTINGENCY PLANNING
complete and detailed case by case consideration, a great deal of duplication will
result. To avoid duplication, shipboard contingency plans must differentiate
between "initial actions" and the major response effort involving the
"subsequent response",
Depending on the emergency situation and the type of ship. A two-tier course of
action provides the basis for a modular approach, which can avoid unnecessary
duplication. It is recommended that a uniform and integrated system of
shipboard emergency plans should be treated as part of the International Safety
Management (ISM) Code, forming a fundamental part of the company’s
individual Safety Management System (SMS).
The new resolution A.865 (20) expands the training recommended by resolution
A.770 (18).
The new resolution, which revokes resolution A.770 (18), provides criteria to
assess whether communication skills are sufficient to assist passengers during
an emergency, and gives the theoretical and practical items which the training
should include but not necessarily be limited to. The number of trained persons,
which should be included on the ship’s safe manning document, should always
be sufficient to assist the total number of passengers who may be on board at
any one time.
Compiled by: Capt. Naveen C Tewari, ARI Saket. New Delhi (01/21) 7
CONTINGENCY PLANNING
.1 illustrate the purpose of controls and the procedures for operating the
appliance and give relevant instructions or warnings
Compiled by: Capt. Naveen C Tewari, ARI Saket. New Delhi (01/21) 8
CONTINGENCY PLANNING
5. The person in charge of the survival craft shall have a list of the survival craft
crew and shall see that the crew under his command are acquainted with their
duties. In lifeboats the second-in command shall also have a list of the lifeboat
crew.
6. Every motorized survival craft shall have a person assigned who is capable of
operating the engine and carrying out minor adjustments.
2.1 Every crew member with assigned emergency duties shall be familiar with
these duties before the voyage begins.
Compiled by: Capt. Naveen C Tewari, ARI Saket. New Delhi (01/21) 9
CONTINGENCY PLANNING
3. Drills
3.2 Every crew member shall participate in at least one abandon ship drill and
one fire drill every month. The drills of the crew shall take place within 24 hrs
after the ship leaves a port if more than 25% of the crew have not participated
in abandon ship and fire drills onboard that particular ship in the previous
month. When a ship enters service for the first time, after modification of a
major character or when a new crew is engaged, these drills shall be held before
sailing. The Administration may accept other arrangements that are at least
equivalent for those classes of ships for which this is impracticable.
Compiled by: Capt. Naveen C Tewari, ARI Saket. New Delhi (01/21) 10
CONTINGENCY PLANNING
.2 Reporting to stations and preparing for the duties described in the muster list;
3.3.3 Except as provided in paragraphs 3.3.4 and 3.3.5, each lifeboat shall be
launched with its assigned operating crew aboard and maneuvered in the water
at least once every 3 months during an abandon ship drill.
3.3.4 Lowering into the water, rather than launching of a lifeboat arranged for
free-fall launching, is acceptable where free-fall launching is impracticable
provided the lifeboat is free-fall launched with its assigned operating crew
aboard and maneuvered in the water at least once every six months. However,
Compiled by: Capt. Naveen C Tewari, ARI Saket. New Delhi (01/21) 11
CONTINGENCY PLANNING
3.3.6 As far as is reasonable and practicable, rescue boats other than lifeboats
which are also rescue boats, shall be launched each month with their assigned
crew aboard and maneuvered in the water. In all cases this requirement shall be
complied with at least once every 3 months.
3.3.7 If lifeboat and rescue boat launching drills are carried out with the ship
making headway such drills shall, because of the dangers involved, be practiced
in sheltered waters only and under the supervision of an officer experienced in
such drills*
3.3.8 If a ship is fitted with marine evacuation systems, drills shall include
exercising of the procedures required for the deployment of such a system up to
the point immediately preceding actual deployment of the system. This aspect of
drills should be augmented by regular instruction using the on-board training
aids required by regulation 35.4. Additionally every system party member shall,
as far as practicable, be further trained by participation in a
full deployment of a similar system into water, either on board a ship or ashore,
at intervals of no longer than 2 years, but in no case longer than 3 years. This
training can be associated with the deployments required by regulation 20.8.2.
Compiled by: Capt. Naveen C Tewari, ARI Saket. New Delhi (01/21) 12
CONTINGENCY PLANNING
3.4.1 Fire drills should be planned in such a way that due consideration is given
to regular practice in the various emergencies that may occur depending on the
type of ships and the cargo.
.1 reporting to stations and preparing for the duties described in the muster list
required by regulation 8;
.2 starting of a fire pump, using at least the two required jets of water to show
that the system is in proper working order;
.5 checking the operation of watertight doors, fire doors, fire dampers and main
inlets and outlets of ventilation systems in the drill area; and
3.4.3 The equipment used during drills shall immediately be brought back to its
fully operational condition and any faults and defects discovered during the drills
shall be remedied as soon as possible.
4.1 On-board training in the use of the ship's life-saving appliances, including
survival craft equipment, and in the use of the ship's fire-extinguishing
appliances shall be given as soon as possible but not later than 2 weeks after a
crew member joins the ship. However, if the crewmember is on a regularly
scheduled rotating assignment to the ship, such training shall begiven not later
than 2 weeks after the time of first joining the ship. Instructions in the use of
the ship's fire-extinguishing appliances, life-saving appliances, and in survival at
sea shall be
Compiled by: Capt. Naveen C Tewari, ARI Saket. New Delhi (01/21) 13
CONTINGENCY PLANNING
given at the same interval as the drills. Individual instruction may cover
different parts of the ship's life-saving and fire-extinguishing appliances, but all
the ship's life-saving and fire extinguishing appliances shall be covered within
any period of 2 months.
4.2 Every crew member shall be given instructions which shall include but not
necessarily be limited to:
4.3 On-board training in the use of davit-launched life rafts shall take place at
intervals of not more than 4 months on every ship fitted with such appliances.
Whenever practicable this shall include the inflation and lowering of a life raft.
This life raft may be a special life raft intended for training purposes only, which
is not part of the ship's life-saving equipment; such a special life raft shall be
conspicuously marked.
5 Records
The date when musters are held, details of abandon ship drills and fire drills,
drills of other life-saving appliances and onboard training shall be recorded in
such log- book as may be prescribed by the Administration. If a full muster, drill
or training session is not held at the appointed time, an entry shall be made in
the log-book stating the circumstances and the extent of the muster, drill or
training session held.
Compiled by: Capt. Naveen C Tewari, ARI Saket. New Delhi (01/21) 14
CONTINGENCY PLANNING
Regulation 30 Drills.
2. On passenger ships, an abandon ship drill and fire drill shall take place
weekly. The entire crew need not be involved in every drill, but each crew
member must participate in an abandon ship drill and a fire drill each month as
required in regulation 19.3.2. Passengers shall be strongly encouraged to attend
these drills.
1. The muster list shall specify details of the general emergency alarm and
public address system prescribed by section 7.2 of the Code and also action to
be taken by crew and passengers when this alarm is sounded. The muster list
shall also specify how the order to abandon ship will be given.
2. Each passenger ship shall have procedures in place for locating and rescuing
passenger strapped in their staterooms.
3. The muster list shall show the duties assigned to the different members of the
crew including:
.1 closing of the watertight doors, fire doors, valves, scuppers, side scuttles, sky
lights, portholes and other similar openings in the ship;
.5 muster of passengers;
Compiled by: Capt. Naveen C Tewari, ARI Saket. New Delhi (01/21) 15
CONTINGENCY PLANNING
4. The muster list shall specify which officers are assigned to ensure that life-
saving and fire appliances are maintained in good condition and are ready for
immediate use.
5. The muster list shall specify substitutes for key persons who may become
disabled, taking into account that different emergencies may call for different
actions.
6. The muster list shall show the duties assigned to members of the crew in
relation to passengers in case of emergency. These duties shall include:
.2 seeing that they are suitably clad and have donned their lifejackets correctly;
7 The muster list shall be prepared before the ship proceeds to sea. After the
muster list has been prepared, if any change takes place in the crew which
necessitates an alteration in the muster list, the master shall either revise the
list or prepare a new list.
8 The format of the muster list used on passenger ships shall be approved
Compiled by: Capt. Naveen C Tewari, ARI Saket. New Delhi (01/21) 16
CONTINGENCY PLANNING
3. The training manual, which may comprise several volumes, shall contain
instructions and information, in easily understood terms illustrated wherever
possible, on the life-saving appliances provided in the ship and on the best
methods of survival. Any part of such information may be provided in the form
of audio-visual aids in lieu of the manual. The following shall be explained in
detail:
.3 boarding, launching, and clearing the survival craft and rescue boats,
including, where applicable, use of marine evacuation systems
.10 with the assistance of illustrations, the use of radio life-saving appliances
.13 recovery of survival craft and rescue boats including stowage and securing
Compiled by: Capt. Naveen C Tewari, ARI Saket. New Delhi (01/21) 17
CONTINGENCY PLANNING
.16 methods of retrieval, including the use of helicopter rescue gear (slings,
baskets, stretchers), breeches-buoy and shore life-saving apparatus and ship's
line-throwing apparatus
.17 all other functions contained in the muster list and emergency instructions
and
4. Every ship fitted with a marine evacuation system shall be provided with on-
board training aids in the use of the system.
Compiled by: Capt. Naveen C Tewari, ARI Saket. New Delhi (01/21) 18