Test Bank for Exploring Lifespan Development, 2nd Edition: Berk

EXPLORING LIFESPAN DEVELOPMENT, 2ND

FULL CHAPTER DOWNLOAD AT: HTTPS://TESTBANKBELL.COM/PRODUCT/TEST-BANK-FOR-EXPLORING-

LIFESPAN-DEVELOPMENT-2ND-EDITION-BERK/

CHAPTER 1
HISTORY, THEORY, AND RESEARCH STRATEGIES

MULTIPLE CHOICE
1) Developmental science is a field of study devoted to
A) proving contemporary theories of development.
B) understanding abnormal development in children and adolescents.
C) understanding constancy and change throughout the lifespan.
D) identifying genetic contributions to disease and illness.
Answer: C
Page Ref: 3
Skill: Conceptual
Objective: 1.1
2) The field of developmental science is considered to be __________ because investigators often are interested in the
practical implications of their research.
A) biased
B) applied
C) theoretical
D) interdisciplinary
Answer: B
Page Ref: 3
Skill: Factual
Objective: 1.1
3) Developmental science is ___________ because it has grown through the combined efforts of people from many fields of
study.
A) theoretical
B) empirical
C) applied
D) interdisciplinary
Answer: D
Page Ref: 3
Skill: Factual
Objective: 1.1
4) Theories are vital tools for developmental researchers because they
A) ensure proper use of research procedures.
B) illustrate the ultimate truth regarding human behavior.
C) provide organizing frameworks for our observations of people.
D) do not require scientific verification.
Answer: C

Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 1

Visit TestBankBell.com to get complete for all chapters

Test Bank for Berk / Exploring Lifespan Development, 2/e

Page Ref: 4
Skill: Conceptual
Objective: 1.2

2 Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

 Chapter 1 History, Theory, and Research Strategies

5) The ___________ view of development holds that infants and preschoolers respond to the world in much the same way
as adults do.
A) discontinuous
B) nature
C) continuous
D) nurture
Answer: C
Page Ref: 4
Skill: Factual
Objective: 1.2
6) Within the ________________ view of development, new ways of understanding and responding to the world emerge at
specific times.
A) discontinuous
B) nature
C) continuous
D) nurture
Answer: A
Page Ref: 4
Skill: Factual
Objective: 1.2
7) Dr. Kostel believes that development takes place in stages. This belief is consistent with the _________ perspective.
A) nurture
B) continuous
C) discontinuous
D) nature
Answer: C
Page Ref: 4
Skill: Applied
Objective: 1.2
8) Kim is interested in comparing the language development of shy versus outgoing preschoolers. Kim is most likely
interested in ______________ that shape development.
A) genetic factors
B) the contexts
C) therapeutic techniques
D) historical factors
Answer: B
Page Ref: 4
Skill: Applied
Objective: 1.2
9) Jackson, a professional baseball player, is convinced that his two sons will both be outstanding athletes. Jackson probably
believes that athletic ability is mostly determined by
A) nurture.
B) stages.
C) early experiences.
D) nature.
Answer: D
Page Ref: 5
Skill: Applied
Objective: 1.2

Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 3

 Another random document
un-related content on Scribd:
 [Softly.] You must join in, Hialmar.
H .
[Writhing.] What am I to talk about?
T F G .
Don’t you think, Mr. Werle, that Tokay may be considered one of the
more wholesome sorts of wine?
W .
[By the fire.] I can answer for the Tokay you had to-day, at any rate; it’s
of one of the very finest seasons. Of course you would notice that.
T F G .
Yes, it had a remarkably delicate flavour.
H .
[Shyly.] Is there any difference between the seasons?
T F G .
[Laughs.] Come! That’s good!
W .
[Smiles.] It really doesn’t pay to set fine wine before you.
T T - G .
Tokay is like photographs, Mr. Ekdal: they both need sunshine. Am I not
right?
H .
Yes, light is important no doubt.
M .S .
And it’s exactly the same with Chamberlains—they, too, depend very
much on sunshine,[15] as the saying is.
T T - G .
Oh fie! That’s a very threadbare sarcasm!
 T S - G .
Mrs. Sörby is coming out——
T F G .
——and at our expense, too. [Holds up his finger reprovingly.] Oh,
Madame Bertha, Madame Bertha!
M .S .
Yes, and there’s not the least doubt that the seasons differ greatly. The old
vintages are the finest.
T S - G .
Do you reckon me among the old vintages?
M .S .
Oh, far from it.
T T - G .
There now! But me, dear Mrs. Sörby——?
T F G .
Yes, and me? What vintage should you say that we belong to?
M .S .
Why, to the sweet vintages, gentlemen.
[She sips a glass of punch. The gentlemen laugh and flirt
with her.
W .
Mrs. Sörby can always find a loop-hole—when she wants to. Fill your
glasses, gentlemen! Pettersen, will you see to it——! Gregers, suppose we
have a glass together. [G does not move.] Won’t you join us, Ekdal?
I found no opportunity of drinking with you at table.
[G , the Bookkeeper, looks in at the baize door.
G .
Excuse me, sir, but I can’t get out.
 W .
Have you been locked in again?
G .
Yes, and Flakstad has carried off the keys.
W .
Well, you can pass out this way.
G .
But there’s some one else——
W .
All right; come through, both of you. Don’t be afraid.
[G and O E come out of the office.
W .
[Involuntarily.] Ugh!
[The laughter and talk among the Guests cease. H
starts at the sight of his father, puts down his glass, and
turns towards the fireplace.
E .
[Does not look up, but makes little bows to both sides as he passes,
murmuring.] Beg pardon, come the wrong way. Door locked—door locked.
Beg pardon.
[He and G go out by the back, to the right.
W .
[Between his teeth.] That idiot Gråberg!
G .
[Open-mouthed and staring, to H .] Why surely that wasn’t——!
T F G .
What’s the matter? Who was it?
 G .
Oh, nobody, only the bookkeeper and some one with him.
T S - G .
[To H .] Did you know that man?
H .
I don’t know—I didn’t notice——
T F G .
What the deuce has come over every one?
[He joins another group who are talking softly.
M .S .
[Whispers to the Servant.] Give him something to take with him;—
something good, mind.
P .
[Nods.] I'll see to it. [Goes out.
G .
[Softly and with emotion, to H .] So that was really he!
H .
Yes.
G .
And you could stand there and deny that you knew him!
H .
[Whispers vehemently.] But how could I——!
G .
——acknowledge your own father?
H .
[With pain.] Oh, if you were in my place——
 [The conversation amongst the Guests, which has been
carried on in a low tone, now swells into constrained
joviality.]
T T - G .
[Approaching H and G in a friendly manner.] Aha!
Reviving old college memories, eh? Don’t you smoke, Mr. Ekdal? May I
give you a light? Oh, by-the-bye, we mustn’t——
H .
No, thank you, I won’t——
T F G .
Haven’t you a nice little poem you could recite to us, Mr. Ekdal? You
used to recite so charmingly.
H .
I am sorry I can’t remember anything.
T F G .
Oh, that’s a pity. Well, what shall we do, Balle?
[Both Gentlemen move away and pass into the other room.
H .
[Gloomily.] Gregers—I am going! When a man has felt the crushing hand
of Fate, you see——Say good-bye to your father for me.
G .
Yes, yes. Are you going straight home?
H .
Yes. Why?
G .
Oh, because I may perhaps look in on you later.
H .
 No, you mustn’t do that. You must not come to my home. Mine is a
melancholy abode, Gregers; especially after a splendid banquet like this.
We can always arrange to meet somewhere in the town.
M .S .
[Who has quietly approached.] Are you going, Ekdal?
H .
Yes.
M .S .
Remember me to Gina.
H .
Thanks.
M .S .
And say I am coming up to see her one of these days.
H .
Yes, thank you. [To G .] Stay here; I will slip out unobserved.
[He saunters away, then into the other room, and so out to
the right.
M .S .
[Softly to the Servant, who has come back.] Well, did you give the old
man something?
P .
Yes; I sent him off with a bottle of cognac.
M .S .
Oh, you might have thought of something better than that.
P .
Oh no, Mrs. Sörby; cognac is what he likes best in the world.
T F G .
 [In the doorway with a sheet of music in his hand.] Shall we play a duet,
Mrs. Sörby?
M .S .
Yes, suppose we do.
T G .
Bravo, bravo!
[She goes with all the Guests through the back room, out to
the right. G remains standing by the fire. W
is looking for something on the writing-table, and,
appears to wish that G would go; as G
does not move, W goes towards the door.
G .
Father, won’t you stay a moment?
W .
[Stops.] What is it?
G .
I must have a word with you.
W .
Can it not wait till we are alone?
G .
No, it cannot; for perhaps we shall never be alone together.
W .
[Drawing nearer.] What do you mean by that?
[During what follows, the pianoforte is faintly heard from
the distant music-room.
G .
How has that family been allowed to go so miserably to the wall?
W .
 You mean the Ekdals, I suppose.
G .
Yes, I mean the Ekdals. Lieutenant Ekdal was once so closely associated
with you.
W .
Much too closely; I have felt that to my cost for many a year. It is thanks
to him that I—yes I—have had a kind of slur cast upon my reputation.
G .
[Softly.] Are you sure that he alone was to blame?
W .
Who else do you suppose——?
G .
You and he acted together in that affair of the forests——
W .
But was it not Ekdal that drew the map of the tracts we had bought—that
fraudulent map! It was he who felled all that timber illegally on
Government ground. In fact, the whole management was in his hands. I was
quite in the dark as to what Lieutenant Ekdal was doing.
G .
Lieutenant Ekdal himself seems to have been very much in the dark as to
what he was doing.
W .
That may be. But the fact remains that he was found guilty and I
acquitted.
G .
Yes, I know that nothing was proved against you.
W .
 Acquittal is acquittal. Why do you rake up these old miseries that turned
my hair grey before its time? Is that the sort of thing you have been
brooding over up there, all these years? I can assure you, Gregers, here in
the town the whole story has been forgotten long ago—so far as I am
concerned.
G .
But that unhappy Ekdal family.
W .
What would you have had me do for the people? When Ekdal came out
of prison he was a broken-down being, past all help. There are people in the
world who dive to the bottom the moment they get a couple of slugs in their
body, and never come to the surface again. You may take my word for it,
Gregers, I have done all I could without positively laying myself open to all
sorts of suspicion and gossip——
G .
Suspicion——? Oh, I see.
W .
I have given Ekdal copying to do for the office, and I pay him far, far
more for it than his work is worth——
G .
[Without looking at him.] H'm; that I don’t doubt.
W .
You laugh? Do you think I am not telling you the truth? Well, I certainly
can’t refer you to my books, for I never enter payments of that sort.
G .
[Smiles coldly.] No, there are certain payments it is best to keep no
account of.
W .
[Taken aback.] What do you mean by that?
G .
 [Mustering up courage.] Have you entered what it cost you to have
Hialmar Ekdal taught photography?
W .
I? How “entered” it?
G .
I have learnt that it was you who paid for his training. And I have learnt,
too, that it was you who enabled him to set up house so comfortably.
W .
Well, and yet you talk as though I had done nothing for the Ekdals! I can
assure you these people have cost me enough in all conscience.
G .
Have you entered any of these expenses in your books?
W .
Why do you ask?
G .
Oh, I have my reasons. Now tell me: when you interested yourself so
warmly in your old friend’s son—it was just before his marriage, was it
not?
W .
Why, deuce take it—after all these years, how can I——?
G .
You wrote me a letter about that time—a business letter, of course; and in
a postscript you mentioned—quite briefly—that Hialmar Ekdal had married
a Miss Hansen.
W .
Yes, that was quite right. That was her name.
G .
 But you did not mention that this Miss Hansen was Gina Hansen—our
former housekeeper.
W .
[With a forced laugh of derision.] No; to tell the truth, it didn’t occur to
me that you were so particularly interested in our former housekeeper.
G .
No more I was. But [lowers his voice] there were others in this house
who were particularly interested in her.
W .
What do you mean by that? [Flaring up.] You are not alluding to me, I
hope?
G .
[Softly but firmly.] Yes, I am alluding to you.
W .
And you dare——! You presume to——! How can that ungrateful hound
—that photographer fellow—how dare he go making such insinuations!
G .
Hialmar has never breathed a word about this. I don’t believe he has the
faintest suspicion of such a thing.
W .
Then where have you got it from? Who can have put such notions in your
head?
G .
My poor unhappy mother told me; and that the very last time I saw her.
W .
Your mother! I might have known as much! You and she—you always
held together. It was she who turned you against me, from the first.
G .
 No, it was all that she had to suffer and submit to, until she broke down
and came to such a pitiful end.
W .
Oh, she had nothing to suffer or submit to; not more than most people, at
all events. But there’s no getting on with morbid, overstrained creatures—
that I have learnt to my cost.—And you could go on nursing such a
suspicion—burrowing into all sorts of old rumours and slanders against
your own father! I must say, Gregers, I really think that at your age you
might find something more useful to do.
G .
Yes, it is high time.
W .
Then perhaps your mind would be easier than it seems to be now. What
can be your object in remaining up at the works, year out and year in,
drudging away like a common clerk, and not drawing a farthing more than
the ordinary monthly wage? It is downright folly.
G .
Ah, if I were only sure of that.
W .
I understand you well enough. You want to be independent; you won’t be
beholden to me for anything. Well, now there happens to be an opportunity
for you to become independent, your own master in everything.
G .
Indeed? In what way——?
W .
When I wrote you insisting on your coming to town at once—h’m——
G .
Yes, what is it you really want of me? I have been waiting all day to
know.
W .
 I want to propose that you should enter the firm, as partner.
G .
I! Join your firm? As partner?
W .
Yes. It would not involve our being constantly together. You could take
over the business here in town, and I should move up to the works.
G .
You would?
W .
The fact is, I am not so fit for work as I once was. I am obliged to spare
my eyes, Gregers; they have begun to trouble me.
G .
They have always been weak.
W .
Not as they are now. And besides, circumstances might possibly make it
desirable for me to live up there—for a time, at any rate.
G .
That is certainly quite a new idea to me.
W .
Listen, Gregers: there are many things that stand between us; but we are
father and son after all. We ought surely to be able to come to some sort of
understanding with each other.
G .
Outwardly, you mean, of course?
W .
Well, even that would be something. Think it over, Gregers. Don’t you
think it ought to be possible? Eh?
G .
 [Looking at him coldly.] There is something behind all this.
W .
How so?
G .
You want to make use of me in some way.
W .
In such a close relationship as ours, the one can always be useful to the
other.
G .
Yes, so people say.
W .
I want very much to have you at home with me for a time. I am a lonely
man Gregers; I have always felt lonely, all my life through; but most of all
now that I am getting up in years. I feel the need of some one about me——
G .
You have Mrs. Sörby.
W .
Yes, I have her; and she has become, I may say, almost indispensable to
me. She is lively and even-tempered; she brightens up the house; and that is
a very great thing for me.
G .
Well then, you have everything just as you wish it.
W .
Yes, but I am afraid it can’t last. A woman so situated may easily find
herself in a false position, in the eyes of the world. For that matter it does a
man no good, either.
G .
Oh, when a man gives such dinners as you give, he can risk a great deal.
 W .
Yes, but how about the woman, Gregers? I fear she won’t accept the
situation much longer; and even if she did—even if, out of attachment to
me, she were to take her chance of gossip and scandal and all that——? Do
you think, Gregers—you with your strong sense of justice——
G .
[Interrupts him.] Tell me in one word: are you thinking of marrying her?
W .
Suppose I were thinking of it? What then?
G .
That’s what I say: what then?
W .
Should you be inflexibly opposed to it?
G .
Not at all. Not by any means.
W .
I was not sure whether your devotion to your mother’s memory——
G .
I am not overstrained.
W .
Well, whatever you may or may not be, at all events you have lifted a
great weight from my mind. I am extremely pleased that I can reckon on
your concurrence in this matter.
G .
[Looking intently at him.] Now I see the use you want to put me to.
W .
Use to put you to? What an expression!
G .
 Oh, don’t let us be nice in our choice of words—not when we are alone
together, at any rate. [With a short laugh.] Well well! So this is what made it
absolutely essential that I should come to town in person. For the sake of
Mrs. Sörby, we are to get up a pretence at family life in the house—a
tableau of filial affection! That will be something new indeed.
W .
How dare you speak in that tone!
G .
Was there ever any family life here? Never since I can remember. But
now, forsooth, your plans demand something of the sort. No doubt it will
have an excellent effect when it is reported that the son has hastened home,
on the wings of filial piety, to the grey-haired father’s wedding-feast. What
will then remain of all the rumours as to the wrongs the poor dead mother
had to submit to? Not a vestige. Her son annihilates them at one stroke.
W .
Gregers—I believe there is no one in the world you detest as you do me.
G .
[Softly.] I have seen you at too close quarters.
W .
You have seen me with your mother’s eyes. [Lowers his voice a little.]
But you should remember that her eyes were—clouded now and then.
G .
[Quivering.] I see what you are hinting at. But who was to blame for
mother’s unfortunate weakness? Why you, and all those——! The last of
them was this woman that you palmed off upon Hialmar Ekdal, when you
were——Ugh!
W .
[Shrugs his shoulders.] Word for word as if it were your mother
speaking!
G .
 [Without heeding.] And there he is now, with his great, confiding,
childlike mind, compassed about with all this treachery—living under the
same roof with such a creature, and never dreaming that what he calls his
home is built upon a lie! [Comes a step nearer.] When I look back upon
your past, I seem to see a battle-field with shattered lives on every hand.
W .
I begin to think the chasm that divides us is too wide.
G .
[Bowing, with self-command.] So I have observed; and therefore I take
my hat and go.
W .
You are going! Out of the house?
G .
Yes. For at last I see my mission in life.
W .
What mission?
G .
You would only laugh if I told you.
W .
A lonely man doesn’t laugh so easily, Gregers.
G .
[Pointing towards the background.] Look, father,—the Chamberlains are
playing blind-man’s-buff with Mrs. Sörby.—Good-night and good-bye.
[He goes out by the back to the right. Sounds of laughter
and merriment from the Company, who are now visible in
the outer room.
W .
[Muttering contemptuously after G .] Ha——! Poor wretch—and
he says he is not over-strained!
 ACT SECOND.

H E ’ studio, a good-sized room, evidently in the top storey of

the building. On the right, a sloping roof of large panes of glass, half-
covered by a blue curtain. In the right-hand corner, at the back, the
entrance door; farther forward, on the same side, a door leading to
the sitting-room. Two doors on the opposite side, and between them
an iron stove. At the back, a wide double sliding-door. The studio is
plainly but comfortably fitted up and furnished. Between the doors on
the right, standing out a little from the wall, a sofa with a table and
some chairs; on the table a lighted lamp with a shade; beside the
stove an old arm-chair. Photographic instruments and apparatus of
different kinds lying about the room. Against the back wall, to the left
of the double door, stands a bookcase containing a few books, boxes,
and bottles of chemicals, instruments, tools, and other objects.
Photographs and small articles, such as camel’s-hair pencils, paper,
and so forth, lie on the table.
G E sits on a chair by the table, sewing. H is sitting on the
sofa, with her hands shading her eyes and her thumbs in her ears,
reading a book.

G .
[Glances once or twice at H , as if with secret anxiety; then says:]
Hedvig!
H .
[Does not hear.]
G .
[Repeats more loudly.] Hedvig!
H .
[Takes away her hands and looks up.] Yes, mother?
G .
Hedvig dear, you mustn’t sit reading any longer now.
 H .
Oh mother, mayn’t I read a little more? Just a little bit?
G .
No no, you must put away your book now. Father doesn’t like it; he never
reads hisself in the evening.
H .
[Shuts the book.] No, father doesn’t care much about reading.
G .
[Puts aside her sewing and takes up a lead pencil and a little account-
book from the table.] Can you remember how much we paid for the butter
to-day?
H .
It was one crown sixty-five.
G .
That’s right. [Puts it down.] It’s terrible what a lot of butter we get
through in this house. Then there was the smoked sausage, and the cheese—
let me see—[Writes]—and the ham—[Adds up.] Yes, that makes just——
H .
And then the beer.
G .
Yes, to be sure. [Writes.] How it do mount up! But we can’t manage with
no less.
H .
And then you and I didn’t need anything hot for dinner, as father was out.
G .
No; that was so much to the good. And then I took eight crowns fifty for
the photographs.
H .
 Really! So much as that?
G .
Exactly eight crowns fifty.
[Silence. G takes up her sewing again, H takes
paper and pencil and begins to draw, shading her eyes
with her left hand.
H .
Isn’t it jolly to think that father is at Mr. Werle’s big dinner-party?
G .
You know he’s not really Mr. Werle’s guest. It was the son invited him.
[After a pause.] We have nothing to do with that Mr. Werle.
H .
I'm longing for father to come home. He promised to ask Mrs. Sörby for
something nice for me.
G .
Yes, there’s plenty of good things going in that house, I can tell you.
H .
[Goes on drawing.] And I believe I'm a little hungry too.
[O E , with the paper parcel under his arm and
another parcel in his coat pocket, comes in by the
entrance door.
G .
How late you are to-day, grandfather!
E .
They had locked the office door. Had to wait in Gråberg’s room. And
then they let me through—h’m.
H .
Did you get some more copying to do, grandfather?