Class 5 Maths All Inner Pages Compressed
Class 5 Maths All Inner Pages Compressed
Class 5 Maths All Inner Pages Compressed
Class - V
Text Book Development Committee
Editorial Board
Ms. Vetriselvi. K IAS
Special Officer, English Medium Project, CSE-AP, Amaravati.
Editors
i
© Government of Andhra Pradesh, Amaravati
Printed in India
at the A.P. Govt. Text Book Press
Amaravati
Andhra Pradesh
ii
Co-ordinators
Dr. T. V. S. Ramesh M.Sc., M.Ed., Ph.D.
Dept. of C&T, SCERT, AP.
Authors
iii
Foreword
The Government of Andhra Pradesh has unleashed a new era in school education by introducing
extensive curricular reforms from the academic year 2020-21. The Government has taken up curricular
reforms intending to enhance the learning outcomes of the children with focus on building solid foundational
learning and to build up an environment conducive for an effective teaching-learning process. To achieve
this objective, special care has been taken in designing the textbooks to achieve global standards.
As a part of the curricular reform, in order to support the designing of textbooks, with better
pedagogical strategies, handbooks are given to teachers with elaborate lesson plans. For the practice
of the students, workbooks are given which will reinforce the learning in the classroom. Parental
handbooks are prepared to impart awareness regarding the teaching-learning process to the parent
community. The textbooks are also designed in such a way that the initial two months will focus on the
school readiness of the children in order to create a learning environment in the school at the start of the
academic year.
In this textbook, concepts are introduced through activities related to daily life incidents,
situations, contexts and conversations. To strengthen these concepts, whole class activity, group activity
and individual activities are designed. The lessons incorporated are also suitable for multigrade teaching.
For additional information on the concepts, QR codes are incorporated in each chapter to enable
learning outside the classroom. Care has been taken to ensure that the new textbook is calibrated with
the learning requirement of the 21st century.
We are grateful to Honourable Chief Minister Sri.Y.S. Jagan Mohan Reddy for being our
source of inspiration to carry out this extensive reform in the education department. We extend our
gratitude to Dr. Adimulapu Suresh, Honourable Minister of Education for striving towards qualitative
education. Our special thanks to Sri. Budithi Rajsekhar, IAS, Principal secretary, School Education,
Sri. Vadrevu Chinaveerabhadrudu, IAS, Commissioner, School Education, Ms. Vetriselvi.K, IAS,
Special Officer for their constant motivation and guidance.
We convey our thanks to the expert team who studied curriculum from Chicago to Singapore
and recommended best practices across the globe to reach global standards. Our sincere thanks to
SCERT of Kerala, Tamilnadu, Karnataka and Haryana in designing the textbooks. We also thank our
textbook writers, editors, artists and layout designers for their contribution in the development of this
textbook. We invite constructive feedback from the teachers and parents in the further refinement of the
textbook.
iv
Instructions to Teachers
The new text books designed for class 1 to 5 are in accordance with the recommendations
of NCF – 2005, RTE – 2009, APSCF – 2011 and NEP – 2019 Draft.
Use the face sheet placed at the beginning of every lesson as the basis for interacting
with the children to encourage, speak and motivate them to listen. Prepare and organize
some more activities similar to the activities given in the text book for every concept.
The lessons are designed based on the classwise expected learning outcomes and the
concepts like number system, measurement, geometry, data handling etc are arranged in
a spiral approach.
The text book contains three important components under headings like – Do these, Try
these and Exercise. The questions under the component ‘Do these’, will be direct and
simple and ‘Try these’ are difficult. Similarly the ‘Exercise’ component contains mixed
questionaire of 2 or 3 concepts.
The teacher should read and understand every concept in the text book before going for
teaching. Also they should conduct the individual, group and whole class activities in
the class room. Teacher should use the hand book designed for this purpose.
Teacher should prepare and use teaching learning material related to the activities of the
text book by using available resources, to make the children understand the concepts.
Teacher should provide required practice activities to teach children different concepts
keeping in mind the academic standards of the subject.
Work book is also provided along with the textbook. The 90 minutes duration of a period
should be divided for the practice of the children as follows,
v
Our National Anthem
- Rabindranath Tagore
Jana-gana-mana-adhinayaka jaya he
Bharata-bhagya-vidhata
Panjaba-Sindhu-Gujarata-Maratha
Dravida-Utkala-Banga
Vindhya-Himachala-Yamuna-Ganga
uchchala-jaladhi-taranga
Tava Subha name jage, tave subha asisa mage,
gahe tava jaya-gatha.
Jana-gana-mangala-dayaka jaya he
Bharata-bhagya-vidhata.
Jaya he, Jaya he, Jaya he,
jaya jaya jaya jaya he.
Pledge
- Pydimarri Venkata Subba Rao
vi
Maths Magic
Class - V
Revision March
Revision April
vii
Academic Standards-Learning Outcomes
Academic standards are clear statements about what students must know and be able to do.
The following are the specifications on the basis of which we lay down academic standards
Problem Solving
• Using concepts and procedures to solve mathematical problems
Stages of problem solving
• Reads problems
• Identifies all pieces of information
• Separates relevant pieces of information
• Understanding what concept is involved
• Selection of procedure
• Solving the problem
Reasoning and Proof
• Reasoning between various steps
• Understanding and making mathematical generalizations and conjectures
• Understanding and justifying procedures
• Examining logical arguments
• Understanding the notion of proof
• Using inductive and deductive logic
• Testing mathematical conjectures
Communication
• Writing and reading mathematical expressions
• Creating mathematical expressions
• Explaining mathematical ideas in his/her own words
• Explaining mathematical procedure
• Explaining mathematical logic
Connections
• Connecting concepts within a mathematical domain
• Making connections with daily life
• Connecting mathematics to different subjects
• Connecting concepts of different mathematical domains
• Connecting concepts to multiple procedures
Visualization and representation
• Interprets and reads data in tables, number line, pictograph, bar graph, 2D figures, 3D figures,
pictures
• Making tables, number line, pictograph, bar graph, pictures
viii
Chapter
Let’s Recall
1
Sai is studying 5th class and his sister Valli is studying 3rdclass. In summer holidays,
Sai and Valli wanted to go to Bangalore with their grand-father Nagayya. They reached
Vijayawada railway-station.
Mathematics 1 Class - 5
Train No Train name Time of arrival Plat-form No
18463 Prasanthi Express 19.45 1
17488 Tirumala Express 21.00 5
12836 Hatiya Super Fast Express 21.20 2
17016 Visaka Express 21.50 3
Mathematics 2 Class - 5
Exercise - 1
3) Write the place values of the underlined digits in the following numbers.
a) 48 b) 63 c) 834 d) 607 e) 2519 f) 6920 g) 12453 h) 52146
@ 1-digit number 2-digit number 3-digit number 4-digit number 5-digit number
Smallest
number
Greatest
number
Mathematics 3 Class - 5
Let's observe the transactions in a pass book:
Nagayya took his bank-pass book from his handbag to see his bank transactions. Sai
was very curious to see the bank-pass book. Grand-father gave his pass-book to Sai. He
explained all the entries in the Pass Book.
Name: Nagayya PASS-BOOK
Date Details Debit Credit Balance
30-04-2019 Available balance 143
02-05-2019 Credit pension 9,700 9,843
03-05-2019 Balaji grocery 5,200 4,643
10-05-2019 House-rent 2,500 2,143
20-05-2019 LIC-policy 1,500 643
31-05-2019 Bank ATM charges 50 593
Now answer the following questions:
1) When did Nagayya have the highest balance amount? How much?
2) When did he have the lowest balance amount? How much?
3) Compare 9,843 and 143 with suitable symbols (> or < or =)
4) Write the amounts in the balance calum in ascending order.
5) Write the amounts in the balance calum in descending order.
Ex: Then, Nagayya explained, How to round-off given numbers to nearest thousand.
2,143
2000 3000
So rounding off 2,143 to the nearest thousand = 2,000
Exercise - 2
1) Round off the following numbers to the nearest tens.
a) 32 b) 78 c) 123 d) 485 e) 2546 f) 5814 g) 25796
2) Round off the following numbers to the nearest hundreds.
a) 312 b) 956 c) 123 d) 485 e) 2546 f) 5814 g) 796
3) Round off the following numbers to the nearest thousands.
a) 5264 b) 7532 c) 1234 d) 4850 e) 25463 f) 5014 g) 95150
Mathematics 4 Class - 5
4) Use symbols (< , > or =) between the numbers.
a) 9 5 b) 21 39
c) 405 504 d) 1565 1565
e) 12578 25178 f) 90507 70503
g) 42179 42179 h) 81456 65899
5) Write these numbers in ascending order:
a) 2,1,5,9,7 b) 27,46,10,29,72
c) 402,204,315,351,610 d) 3725, 7536, 7455, 7399, 2361
e) 25478, 25914, 25104, 25072 f) 46202, 10502, 60521, 81134
6) Write these numbers in descending order:
a) 3,8,4,2,1 b) 97,69,96,79,90
c) 205,402,416,318,610 d) 8016, 916, 10219, 41205, 2430
e) 57832, 57823, 57830, 57820, 57825 f) 16342, 86620, 46241, 64721, 46820
Nagayya tried to explain about the credits and debits in the pass book to Sai.
Example-1: Available balance as on 30-04-19 = ` 143
Credited pension on 02-05-2019 = (+) ` 9,700
The balance as on 02-05-2019 = ` 9,843
143+ 9,700 = 9,843
Example-2: Balance as on 02-05-2019 = ` 9,843
Debit at Balaji-grocery = ` 5,200
The balance as on 03-05-2019 = ` 4,643
9843 - 5200 = 4643
Let's check other debits and balance columns.
Mathematics 5 Class - 5
Exercise - 3
1) Do the following.
a) 4 + 6 b) 9 + 5 c) 58 + 69 d) 45 + 27
e) 143 + 235 f) 539 + 709 g) 2,658+ 5,131 h) 2,056+8,997
2) Do the following. Check your answer.
a) 8 – 5 b) 72 – 36 c) 82 - 37 d) 798 – 527
e) 850 – 456 f) 6527-2314 g) 4526-2398 h) 4005-2589
3) To get 5629, how much should we add to 1058?
4) To get 1250, how much should we subtract from 9658?
5) Mounika has ` 5270. Radhika has ` 550 more than Mounika. Then find the total money
with Mounika and Radhika .
6) Kohli made 120 runs in a match. Rohit made 65 runs less than Kohli in the same match.
Find the total runs made by Kohli and Rohit.
The train arrived and the three got into the train. A person from pantry car approached
and took order for 3 meals at the rate of ` 95 each.
Mathematics 6 Class - 5
Total amount paid to meal:
The cost of 1 meal is ` 95. How much will Nagayya have to pay for 3 meals?
95 x 3 15
285
Hence, Nagayya paid ` 285 towards 3 meals.
Example: Total seats in this compartment are 72. If this train has 12 compartments, how
many seats are there in the train?
72 x 12
144 ......... (72 x 2)
+ 720 ......... (72 x 10)
864
The total seats in the train are 864.
Cost of each ticket:
Meanwhile, T.C came and asked to show their ticket. The grand-father showed the
ticket to T.C. Then Sai and Valli are asked to watch the information given on the ticket.
Nagayya:Total amount for 3 tickets is `1950 (This includes reservation charge ` 150).
What is the cost of 3 tickets without reservation charge?
Sai: Total amount = ` 1950
Res. Charge (-) = ` 150
Amount towards only tickets = ` 1800
Mathematics 7 Class - 5
Nagayya: How much amount is paid by each towards reservation and ticket?
Total reservation fee = ` 150 Total tickets amount = ` 1800
Res.charge for each = `150 ÷ 3 Ticket charge for each = ` 1800 ÷ 3
= `50 = ` 600
3)150(50 3)1800(600
- 15 - 18
0 0 00
-0 0 - 00
0 0 00
- 00
0
Exercise - 4
1) Do the following.
a) 8×2 b) 24×8 c) 68×56 d) 386×7 e) 951×15 f) 253×14 g) 9685×20
2) Do the following.
a) 6 ÷ 2 b) 68 ÷ 7 c) 85 ÷ 3 d) 508 ÷ 4 e) 599 ÷ 13 f) 786 ÷ 16 g) 9501 ÷ 30
3) In an apple box, there are 8 crates and in each crate there are 15 apples. How many
apples are there in the box?
4) Product of two numbers is 560. One of the numbers is 10. Find the other number.
5) If ` 45000 are distributed equally among 20 old age pensioners, then how much
amount will each get?
6) The cost of 1 dozen books is ` 840. What is the cost of 1 book? ( 1Dozen=12)
7) Complete the table.
Mathematics 8 Class - 5
8) Complete the table.
Mathematics 9 Class - 5
We know that fractions with same denominators are called “like fractions”
3 4
and are like fractions
10 10
a) + =
1 2
+ =
4 4
b) + =
1 1
+ =
3 3
1 3 1+ 3 4
Example: + = =
10 10 10 10
Do these
1. Shade and write the fraction in boxes given below.
a) + =
+ =
b) + =
+ =
Mathematics 10 Class - 5
Subtraction of like fractions:-
a)
=
3 3 1
- =
4 4 4
b)
=
3 3 2
- =
3 3 3
8 7 8-7 1
Example : - = =
10 10 10 10
Do these
1. Shade and write the fraction in boxes given below.
a) =
b) =
Exercise - 5
1) Do the following.
a) 4578 +121 b) 897+9547 c) 9897+6027 d) 5240 + 253 + 32 + 5
2) Giri received ` 2250 towards old age pension and ` 9500 under Rythubharosa scheme.
How much amount did he get?
Mathematics 11 Class - 5
3) In a village, the number of females is 250 more than that of males. If the number of
males is 1590, find the population in the village.
4) Do the following:
a) 3128 – 298 b) 4021 – 2837 c) 6000 – 1234 d) 2001 – 256 – 1258
5) Sum of two numbers is 7680. One of the two numbers is 2519.Find the other number.
6) Seetha has ` 6500. Raju has ` 155 less than Seetha's amount. Find the amount with
Raju.
7) Do the following.
a) 342 ×12 b) 674×35 c) 704×67 d) 456 × 25 e) 508 × 68
8) Vijaya has ` 685 Karthik has 13 times more than Vijaya's amount. Find the amount
with Karthik.
9) The cost of a fan is ` 685 and a table is ` 2250. Find the total cost of 2 fans and 3 tables.
10) The cost of a paint bucket was ` 750. Lalitha wanted to paint her house, so she bought
5 buckets. How much amount did she pay for 5 buckets of paint?
11) A pair of shoes costs ` 250. A donar wants to donate shoes for 32 children in a school.
Find how much amount will he require to buy shoes?
12) There are 105 words on each page of a book on an average. If the book contains 53
pages, find how many words are there in the book?
13) Do the following.
a) 385 ÷ 5 b) 406 ÷ 6 c) 790 ÷ 12 d) 500 ÷ 25 e) 786 ÷ 50 f) 901 ÷ 43
14) Product of two numbers is 980. One of them is 5. Find the other number.
15) If 125 chocolates were distributed equally among 25 members, find how many
chocolates will each get?
16) Do the following.
3 4 4 3 7 2 4 1
a) + b) + c) - d) -
10 10 8 8 8 8 9 9
1
17) Ravi read 4 th of the pages in a book. How much part is yet to be
completed in the book?
18) Bhinneswar distributed 2/7 of his property to his daughter, and 3/7 to
his son. How much part of his property was distribute to his children?
Mathematics 12 Class - 5
Chapter My Number
2 World
Rekha and Harsha are studying 5th class. Their class teacher asked them to collect the
information of population of their Village/ward, Mandal and District from their
Village/Ward Secretariat. They went to the village secretariat and collected the information.
Village:____________
Mandal: ____________
District:_____________
No sir!
Do these
1) Read the numbers 65,14,852 and 29,36,429.
2) Write any five 7-digit numbers and read.
Activity - 1
ones
*1 * *
* * tens* * * *
* * ** *
10
hundred 100
1,000
thousand
* *
Ten-thousand *
10,000
lakh *
1,00,000
10,00,000
Ten lakh -
Exercise - 1
Mathematics 15 Class - 5
Crore:
What is the It is 99,99,999.
greatest 7
digit
number?
What is 99,99,999
+1
one more 1,00,00,000
than this
number?
Ten crore:
The greatest 8-digit number is ____________________
Children, ones, tens, hundreds, thousands, ten-thousands, lakhs….etc are the places
in Hindu-Arabic system of numeration or Indian system of numeration which is
widely used in our country.
Mathematics 16 Class - 5
2.2:- Hindu-Arabic system of numeration (Indian system of numeration):-
From the above discussion, we can form a table of places according to Indian system of
numeration as follows…..
Ten One or
Ten crore Crore Ten lakh Lakh Thousand Hundred Ten
thousand Unit
Place
10,00,00,000 1,00,00,000 10,00,000 1,00,000 10,000 1,000 100 10 1
TC C TL L TTh Th H T O or U
Do you know?
1) The Crores, consist of places not only Crores place and Ten crores place but also
Hundred crores, thousand crores… etc.
2) We commonly put comma firstly after hundreds, next ten-thousands, next ten-
lakhs... etc to read any number easily in Indian system.
The following place value chart can help to explain what the number means in Hindu-
Arabic system
Ten
Ten crore Crore Ten lakh Lakh Thousand Hundred Ten One
thousand
Place
10,00,00, 1,00,00, 10,00,00
1,00,000 10,000 1,000 100 10 1
000 000 0
Number 1 4 9 5 9 7 8 7 2
Place 1×10,00,0 4×1,00,0 9×10,00, 5×1,00,0
9×10,000 7×1,000 8×100 7×10 2×1
value of 0,000 0,000 000 00
each digit 10,00,00, 4,00,00, 90,00,00
5,00,000 90,000 7,000 800 70 2
000 000 0
Number 14,00,00,000 95,00,000 97,000 872
Number
in Ninety seven Eight hundred and
name Fourteen crore Ninety five lakh
words thousand seventy two
In words:- Fourteen crore ninety five lakh ninety seven thousand eight hundred and
seventy two.
Standard form ( Short form) :- 14, 95, 97, 872
Mathematics 17 Class - 5
Expanded form:-
(1×10,00,00,000) + (4×1,00,00,000) + (9×10,00,000) + (5×1,00,000) + (9×10,000) +
(7×1,000) + (8×100) + (7×10) + (2×1)
= 10,00,00,000 + 4,00,00,000 + 90,00,000 + 5,00,000 + 90,000 + 7,000 + 800 + 70 + 2
= one ten crore + four crores + nine ten lakhs + five lakhs + nine ten thousands +
seven thousands + eight hundreds + seven tens + two
Do these
1) Write the following numerals in standard form and also write in words.
a) 721594 b) 4632584 c) 73156324 d) 407523436
2) Express the following numbers in expanded form.
a) 7,34,254 b) 42, 63, 456 c) 40,63,52,456 d) 73,45,46,800
Activity - 2
TC Cr TL L TTh Th H T O
Mathematics 18 Class - 5
b) Write the standard form, expanded form and number name for the number represented
on spike-abacus.
TC Cr TL L TTh Th H T O
Do these
1) Draw the spike-abacus for the following numbers in your notebook.
1) 54,56,705 2) 6,27,00,045 3) 72,61,50,305
2) Write the numerals in standard form for the following number names.
a) Twenty five lakh five thousand eight hundred and forty one.
_______________________
b) Five crore twenty lakh six thousand two hundred and five.
_______________________
c) Ninety one crore sixty seven lakh thirty five thousand eight hundred and
forty two. _______________________
3) Write the numerals in standard form for the following expanded forms.
a) 60,00,000 + 0 + 50,000 + 1,000 + 0 + 0 + 8 = _________________________
b) 70,00,00,000 + 30,000 + 5,000 + 400 + 3 = __________________________
c) 20,00,00,000 + 80,00,000 + 40,000 + 500 + 1 = _______________________
Mathematics 19 Class - 5
Tc Cr T-L L T-Th Th H T O
Let’s Play
Let's draw a table as shown above on the black board. Now come and write the
digits in the boxes one after one starting from ones place as you desired with students. As
soon as the ninth child writes his digit in ten-crores box, he has to read out the number so
formed. Let all should continue the play. This game can also be played with two groups.
Exercise - 2
7 is in crores 4 is in tens
place place
The number is
......................
3 is in ten 9 is in ones
crores place place
5 4 6 7 3 9
Place Ten-thousands
Place-value 40,000
Face-value 4
Mathematics 21 Class - 5
Do this
Write place, place-value and face-value of the digit underlined in the following
numbers.
a) 43, 84,304 b) 43, 67,245 c) 68,98,23,052 d) 47, 63, 05, 100
Activity - 3
Let's prepare flash-cards having digits from 0 to 9, 10, 20… 90, 100, 200… 900,
1000, 2000,… 9000 like this up to 90,00,00,000 (put commas in appropriate places). Now
write a number on board (ex: 43,52,16,978) and form the expanded form of the number
using the above flash cards as well as short form could also be formed using the commas.
(This activity can be used as group activity or individual activity.)
For example:
Write 43,52,16,978 on blackboard, students will select the cards as shown below
and arrange them for expanded form as well as standard form.
Mathematics 22 Class - 5
Example:- a) The smallest seven digit number formed by using the digits 1, 0, 3, 5, 6, 9
and 7 is 1035679.
b) The smallest 8- digit number formed by using the digits 7, 3, 0, 4, 2, 8, 6
and 9 is 2,03,46,789.
v Forming the smallest or the greatest number using given digits when repeating of
digits allowed:-
To write greatest number, form greatest number using the given digits each only
once without repeating. Then in the number so formed, now repeat highest digit in
highest places as allowed number of times to form the desired greatest number.
To write smallest number, form smallest number using the given digits each only
once without repeating. Then in the number so formed, now repeat the smallest digit in
highest places as allowed number of times to form the desired smallest number.
Example:- Write the greatest and smallest 5-digit numbers formed by using all the digits
1, 6 and 9 if repeating allowed.
Sol: The greatest number = 99,961
The smallest number = 11,169
Do these
1) Write greatest and smallest 7-digit numbers using the digits 4, 0, 3, 6, 2,
5 and 9 without repeating.
2) Write greatest and smallest 6-digit numbers using digits 4, 1, 0 and 3 by
allowing any digit, any times repeat but use each digit at least once.
Mathematics 23 Class - 5
My number is 32,54,62,419
My number is 74,00,52,103
73601295 7 3 6 0 1 2 9 5
803451276 8 0 3 4 5 1 2 7 6
30463589 3 0 4 6 3 5 8 9
8172345 8 1 7 2 3 4 5
910032947 9 1 0 0 3 2 9 4 7
Mathematics 24 Class - 5
Do these
1. Compare the following numbers using the symbols < or > in the blanks.
1) 48,34,635 ____2,84,00,000
2) 9,63,84,312 _____ 9,24,94,989
3) 42,35,68,943 _____ 42,35,19,045
4) 25, 25,25,252 ____ 25, 25, 25, 525
2. Arrange the following numbers in ascending and descending orders.
2345678 607810542 694317 84120079 498900351 902347016
Exercise - 3
Mathematics 25 Class - 5
3) Form the smallest and the greatest 8-digit numbers using the digits 1, 5, 3, 8, 6, 4, 7
and 2 without repeating.
4) Form the greatest and the smallest 7-digit numbers using the digits 5, 0, 8, 4, 3 and 7
(by repeating any one digit but use all digits at least once.)
5) Form the greatest and the smallest 6-digit even numbers using 5, 0, 2 and1(allowing
any digit two times but use each digit at least once.)
Mathematics 26 Class - 5
Ø We notice that up to ten thousands place, both the systems are alike. But there are
changes from lakhs place. (Here lakh is taken as Hundred thousand, ten lakh is taken
as Million, crore is taken as Ten million, ten crore is taken as Hundred million and so
on.)
Ø In the same way, we have Billions, trillions… etc followed by Millions.
Ø (We commonly put comma, firstly after hundreds, next hundred-thousands, next
hundred-millions, next hundred-billions…. etc to read any number easily in
International system.)
For example: Numeral 735632150 is written in the International system as 735, 632, 150
and read as Seven hundred thirty five million six hundred thirty two
thousand one hundred and fifty. The number expanded as follows…
Number 7 3 5 6 3 2 1 5 0
Example: Write standard form and number name for 720563042 in International system.
Sol: 720, 563, 042
Project work:
Collect the news papers of last week and pick out any ten large
numbers. Then write their standard forms, number in words and
expanded forms for them in both the systems of numeral.
Mathematics 27 Class - 5
Do these
1) Write the following numerals in standard forms in International system
and write the number names.
a) 4753625 b) 700400300 c) 4250431 d) 147235857
2) Write the following numerals in the International system.
a. Three hundred thousands = ________________________
b. 5 millions = ____________________________________
c. Seventy millions = _______________________________
d. Four hundred millions = ___________________________
Mathematics 28 Class - 5
Think and say:
From the above discussion, one million is ________________ lakhs.
Indian system of numeration International system of numeration
(Hindu-Arabic system of numeration) (British system of numeration)
Places Places
One or Unit 1 One or Unit 1
Ten 10 Ten 10
Hundred 100 Hundred 100
Thousand 1000 Thousand 1000
Thousands Thousand
Ten thousand 10 000 Ten thousand 10 000
s
Lakh 1 00 000 Hundred thousand 100 000
Lakhs
Ten lakh 10 00 000 Million 1 000 000
Crore 1 00 00 000 Millions Ten million 10 000 000
Crores
Ten crore 10 00 00 000 Hundred million 100 000 000
Do you Know?
The largest number commonly known as one Googol-flex. It is 10 raised to the power
of Googol. (Googol is 1 followed by 100 zeros)
Exercise - 4
Mathematics 29 Class - 5
Chapter Addition and
3 Subtractions
3.1:- Introduction:-
Shankar cultivated paddy in his two acres field. He wanted to know the cost of
cultivation. He asked his daughter to write down the details of his expenditure. She wrote
the details as follows.
T.Th Th H T O
Step 3: Adding hundreds, carried 1 hundred +
1 1 1
5 hundred + 7 hundreds = 13 hundreds
=1 thousand + 3 hundreds 4 3 5 7 4
Write 3 in hundreds column and 2 1 7 8 7
1 thousand is carried to thousand column. 3 6 1
Mathematics 31 Class - 5
Step 4: Adding thousands:- T.Th Th H T O
1 thousand + 3 thousands + one thousand 1 1 1
(carried)
= 5 thousands 4 3 5 7 4
Write 5 in thousands column. 2 1 7 8 7
5 3 6 1
Step 5: Adding ten thousands column:-
T.Th Th H T O
4 Ten thousands +2 Ten thousands
1 1 1
= 6 Ten thousands
4 3 5 7 4
Write 6 in ten thousands column.
2 1 7 8 7
So, the total cost of both rows is 65361.
6 5 3 6 1
Example1: Add 52435 and 42567.
Solution: 52435 + 42567
T Th Th H T O
1 1 1
5 2 4 3 5
+ 4 2 5 6 7
9 5 0 0 2
So, 52435 + 42567 = 95002
Mathematics 32 Class - 5
Do these
I) Do the following.
1) Add 20762 and 12225 2) Add 826532 and 153264 3) Add 286952 and 394256
II) Arrange in columns and add.
1) 932648 + 643578 + 376493 2) 763482 +367842 + 567324
3) 673483 + 447862 + 663822 4) 25014 + 203101 + 2020
How much:
Mohan is proprietor of a meals canteen. He spent ` 31,787/- in January-2020 and
earned ` 53,574/-. Calculate his gain in the month.
T.Th Th H T O
Mohan earned in January: 5 3 5 7 4
He spent : (-) 3 1 7 8 7
Mathematics 33 Class - 5
Step 4: Subtract the thousands column. T.Th Th H T O
2 Thousands – 1 Thousand = 1 Thousand. 14 16
2 4 6 14
Write 1 in Thousands column.
5 3 5 7 4
3 1 7 8 7
1 7 8 7
Example 1: Subtract 26874 from 49543 Example 2: By how much 2356 is less by
Solution: 49543 - 26874 32564 than?
4 9 5 4 3 32564 - 2356
- 2 6 8 7 4 T.Th Th H T O
2 2 6 6 9 3 2 5 6 4
- 2 3 5 6
49543 - 26874 = 22669
3 0 2 0 8
2356 is less than 30208 from 32564
Do these
1. a. 860438 – 764859 d. 880056 – 45396 g. 435217 – 383450
b. 56080 – 4398 e. 700000 – 75897 h. 980000 – 573429
c. 600005 – 65095 f. 906004 – 473894 i. 650701 – 404107
Mathematics 34 Class - 5
3. a. What is to be added to153672 to get 503267
b. What is to be added to 603257 to get 999999.
c. By how much 20325 is less than 425067?
d. How much is to be subtracted from 673267 to make it to 59325?
Cloth store:
Vanaja's family decided to purchase some garments on the occasions of her
daughter’s marriage. So she purchased some garments in APCo showroom. The billing
details are as shown below.
Project Work
Collect the information about your village from your Panchayat office. And find
out the sums.
Village Name:
Number of male
Number of female
Number of children
Total
Literates
Illiterates
Total
Ex1. Find the difference of the largest 6-digit number and the largest 5-digit number.
6 digit largest number = 9,99,999
5 digit largest number = - 99,999
9,00,000
The difference = 9,00,000.
Ex:2 Find the sum of the smallest 6-digit odd number and the largest 5-digit
even number.
The smallest 6 digit odd number = 1,00,001
The largest 5 digit even number = + 99,998
1,99,999
Their sum = 1,99,999.
Mathematics 36 Class - 5
3.4:-Addition and Subtraction facts:-
We know that 8 + 4 = 12. We can derive two subtraction facts for this addition.
12 - 4 = 8 and 12 - 8 = 4
We can write subtraction facts for addition of two large numbers also in the same way.
696535 696535
– 153268 – 543267
543267 153268
Solution:
Step-1: Add the numbers having '+' sign.
Step-2: Subtract the third number from the sum obtained in step-1
(1) L T.Th Th H T O (2) L T.Th Th H T O
2 3 4 8 5 6 5 6 0 2 7 2
+ 3 2 5 4 1 6 + – 3 8 4 0 2 1
5 6 0 2 7 2 1 7 6 2 5 1
Mathematics 37 Class - 5
Exercise - 1
1) Do the following.
a) 4986 + 3430 - 5467 = ........ b) 78645 - 36789 + 23576 = ...............
c) 40376 - 20568 - 76485 + 87364 =.......... d) 643857 + 467896 - 445386 = ..........
3. A man earns ` 37645/- in a month and his wife earns ` 25367. If they spend
` 38600/- in a month, how much do they save in that month?
4. Siva had ` 52,490. He purchased a cow for ` 15,870 and a buffalo for ` 25,785. How
much money is with him now?
5. A milk dairy produces 25,545 litres of milk every day. It supplies 15,625 litres of milk
to various milk depots and the rest to the market. How much milk is supplied to the
market?
Property 1:
Ex: Add 2579 to 3275; and 3275 to 2579.
First we add 3275 Then we add 2579
+ 2579 + 3275
5854 5854
If we change the order of 2579 and 3275 as shown above, the result is same.
Thus, 2579 + 3275 = 3275 + 2579 = 5854.
* Changing the order of the two addends does not change the total.
Mathematics 38 Class - 5
Property 2:
Let us add 9213 to 0 and also add 0 to 9213.
We have 0 9213
+ 9213 + 0
9213 9213
From the above example you may know that, by adding 0 to any number you will
get the same number.
Thus 9213 + 0 = 9213 + 0 = 9213.
Do this
I) Fill in the blanks using addition properties.
1. 35 + 67 = 67 + .......... 2. 378 + 894 = ..... + .......
3. 889 + 0 =........ 4. 0 + ..... = 6592 + .........
5. 7634 + 3210 = ...... + 7634 6. 9345 + - = 4537 + .........
Mathematics 39 Class - 5
Exercise - 2
Workout the following:
1. Cost of pesticide sprayer is ` 4500/-. Government provides a subsidy of ` 2900/-.
How much farmer has to pay from his pocket?
2. What is the difference of largest 5 digit number and smallest 6 digit number?
3. A man earned ` 4,75,000 in a year. He spent ` 3,85,600. How much money did he
save?
4. There are 3,25,208 men; 3,18,405 women and 2,98,405 children in a town. What is the
total population of the town?
5. In a district 36,405 students were passed in S.S.C examinations. If the number of failed
students were 4,305 find the total number of students appeared for the examination.
6. Padmaja's income was ` 5,35,256 in 2018. Next year her income exceeded the
previous year's income by ` 78,500. What was her income in the year 2019? How
much did she earn in these two years?
85703…… 90000
- 62014…… - 60000
30000
Mathematics 40 Class - 5
Estimate, the answer by rounding off. Do addition or subtraction according to the
problem given. One is done for you.
Example:
Baba had ` 7844/- in his bank account. His expenditure is ` 2257/-. Estimate the
remaining balance in his bank account.
` 8000 ` 9000 ` 10000 ` 6000
1. Raghu went to Rythu bazar and bought some vegetables worth ` 158/- , grocery
worth ` 143/-. How much he spent approximately?
` 200 ` 300 ` 400 ` 500
2. Raju bought a mobile for ` 7890/- and a chair for ` 3295/-. Estimate how much did
he pay more for the mobile.
` 4000 ` 3000 ` 1000 ` 5000
3. Haseena bought a saree for ` 5345/- and a shirt for ` 2050/-. Estimate the amount she
has to pay to the shop keeper approximately.
` 5000 ` 4000 ` 7000 ` 2000
4. Bunny scored 6,776 points on a video game and Baba scored 2,373 points. Estimate
the difference of the scores of Bunny and Baba approximately.
5000 8000 7000 6000
5. Lakshmi is reading a book that contain 257 pages. She has already read 163 pages.
Estimate how many pages are yet to be read approximately?
600 900 100 70
Mathematics 41 Class - 5
Cotton saree Silk saree
1. Weaver sells cotton saree for ` 1100/-. Does he make a profit or a loss?
2. Weaver sells damaged cotton saree for ` 400/- each. Does he make a profit or a
loss?
3. Weaver sells silk sarees for ` 6000/-. Does he make a profit or a loss? Cotton or
Silk?
Example :
A shop keeper purchases cotton sarees at the rate of ` 1200/- and silk sarees for
` 7000/- from a weaver. He sells those for ` 1400/-and ` 8500/- respectively.
Cost price of the cotton saree = ` 1200
Selling price of the cotton saree = `1400
What is your observation about silk saree?
The cost price of the silk saree = ` 7000
The selling price of the silk saree = ` 8500
We can gain if the selling price is more than cost price. Then the difference is
profit. Some cotton sarees are damaged or colours faded. So, such sarees were sold
for 800 each at a loss.
Mathematics 42 Class - 5
The cost price of the cotton sarees = ` 1200
We get loss if the cost price is more than selling price. If the selling price is high,
then we will get profit.
Example -1: A cycle shop owner bought a cycle worth ` 1500 and sold it for `1350.
Then, find whether the owner gets profit or loss, by how much?
Solution: Cycle's cost price = `1500
Cycle's selling price = `1350
Cost price is higher than the selling price. So, he gets loss.
Loss = Cost price - Selling price
= 1500 – `1350
= 150
Example -2: Amar is a gold merchant. He bought 10 gms of gold for ` 28000/-. Now its
rate has gone up to ` 40,000/-. Will Amar make a profit or a loss on selling the gold,
by how much?
Solution: Cost price of 10 g Gold = ` 28000
Present rate = ` 40000
Present rate is high. So he gets profit.
Profit = Present rate - Cost price
= ` 40000 – ` 28000
= ` 12000
Mathematics 43 Class - 5
Exercise - 3
4. Cost price of a fan is ` 800 and by selling it, Ravi got a profit of ` 250. What is its
selling price?
5. Cost price of a motor cycle is ` 42500/- and by selling it, Ajay got a loss of ` 1800.
What is its selling price?
7. Rekha and Geetha went to a movie. Rekha bought two tickets for ` 120. Geetha
bought two pop-corn packets at the rate of ` 30 for each. How much money did
Rekha spend more than that of Geetha?
Mathematics 44 Class - 5
Chapter Multiplication
4 and Division
Mr. Raju is a farmer. He is constructing a new house. He purchased the needed
material to build the house like sand, cement, iron, gravel and bricks.
Mathematics 45 Class - 5
How much amount was spent on these primary things?
Cost per unit Number of unit Total amount
1. Sand × =
2. Cement bricks × =
3. Iron × =
4. Cement × =
5. Gravel × =
Then Raju asked Babu to send masons, helpers and labours to work on daily wage. The
details are given below.
S. No. Workmanship Wage per day
1 Mason ` 575
2 Helper ` 475
3 Labour ` 350
After the completion of 31 days of work, Sai who is the son of Babu calculated the
amount given to the Mason as shown below:
When they showed the two methods to their mother Jaya, she said, “both are correct
but I will explain you another method.”
Mathematics 46 Class - 5
Wage for 31 days to Mason
= ` 575 × 31
575 ------ (575×1)
+ 17250 ----- (575×30)
` 17825
Example:
Find the labour wage of helper for 23 days.
` 475 × 23
1425 ------ (475 × 3)
+ 9500 ------ (475 × 20)
` 10925
Do this
Do the followings.
a) 127×12 b) 245×17 c) 346×19 d) 495×24 e) 524×36
f) 642×43 g) 729×56 h) 867×69 i) 963×72 j) 806×83
Raju completed his house construction. He made a list of his relatives. He wanted to
invite 1256 members to ‘house warming’. He consulted a printing press to print the
invitation cards at ` 7 each.
Multiplicand X Multiplier
Raju calculated the total amount as shown below.
= Product
The cost of one invitation card = `7
= ` 8792
Mathematics 47 Class - 5
Process of Multiplication: - 1256 × 7
Step1:
We start multiplication from ones place.
Multiply number 6 (which is in ones place of multiplicand) by 7 (multiplier) 6 × 7 = 42
Write 2 (the digit in ones place of this product), under 6 (ones place in 1256).
4
Write 4, the rest of the digit in 42, above 5 (tens place in 1256). 1256×7
Step 2: 2
Now multiply the digit 5 which is in tens place by 7. [7 × 5 = 35]
34
Add 4 which is above 5 to this result. 35 + 4 = 39. 1256×7
Now write 9 under 5 [tens place in 1256] and write 3 above 92
2 [hundreds place in 1256].
Step 3:
Multiply the digit 2 which is in hundreds place by 7. [7 × 2 = 14] 134
Add 3 which is above 2 to this result. 14 + 3 = 17. 1256×7
Now write 7 under 2 [hundreds place in 1256] and 1 above 792
1[thousands place in 1256].
Step 4:
Multiply 1which is in thousands place by 7. [7 × 1 = 7] 134
Add 1which is on 1 to the result. 7 + 1 = 8. 1256×7
Now write 8 under 1 [Thousands place in 1256]. 8792
Do these
1) Do the followings
a) 2835×3 b) 3746×5 c) 45392×6 d) 56042×8 e) 63672×9
f) 786435×6 g) 79480×7 h) 832407×6 i) 989235×4 k) 905068×8
2) A factory manufacturers 4950 cars in a month. How many cars will the factory
produce in a year?
3) If a train travels 143 kilometres in an hour, how far will it travel in one day ?
Mathematics 48 Class - 5
Raju's wife Devi wanted to buy gifts for 1256 guests. She went to market and bought steel
boxes each costs at 34. Devi calculated the total amount to pay the shop keeper like this.
1256×34
5024 ------ (1256 ×4 )
+ 3768 ------ (1256 ×3 )
42704
Note: When multiplying with the digit in 10s place of the multiplier, we begin
writing the product under the tens place of the previous product.
On the day of house warming, Raju planned to arrange meal to the guests. Raju met the
Caterer Mastan agreed for ` 125 per each plate.
1101 members attended on that day. How much amount Raju has to pay?
Sol: Number of guests attended = 1101
Cost of each plate of meal = `125
Total amount to be paid = ` 1101 × 125
= `1 3 7 6 2 5 1101×125
5 5 0 5 ------ (1101 ×5 )
2 2 0 2 ------ (1101 ×2 )
+ 1101 ------ (1101 ×1 )
137625
Example:
If 2364 members attended the function and the cost of one plate of meal was `132, how
much amount could Mastan get?
Total members attended to the function = 2364
Cost of one plate meal = ` 132 RIDDLE
Total amount Mastan got = ` 312048 I am a 3-digit number.
2364 ×132 My ones digit is 3 times to my
hundreds digit.
4 7 2 8 ------ (2364 × 2) Divide my ones digit by 2 to get
7 0 9 2 ------ (2364 × 3) my tens digit.
+ 2364 ------- (2364 × 1) My hundreds digit is the smallest
312048 prime number. Who am I?
Mathematics 49 Class - 5
Example:
Mr. Raju's monthly salary is `31,224. What is his annual income?
Sol: 31224×12
Mr. Raju's salary for one month = 3 1 2 2 4 62448
His salary for one year = 31224×12 +312240
= `374688 374688
Making of word problems:
Example:
Prepare a word problem by using 12 × 127
Problem: Balu wants to plant 12 tomato plants in a row. The total number of rows are
127. How many tomato plants can be planted in the field?
Try these
1. Do the following multiplications and prepare word problem.
a) 3628 × 9 b) 1507 × 69 c) 4256 × 76
d) 27041 × 8 e) 4230 × 121 f) 8271 × 93
2. The tea seller Amar sells a cup of tea for ` 6. If 1100 cup of teas was served on
a day, how much amount did he earn on that day?
3. Carpenter Johnson made 9 cots and sold each cot for ` 8,500. How much amount
did he earn?
4. Mr. Kiran works as a scavenger in Mydukuru municipality. His salary for one
month is `18,000. What is his annual salary? Which mathematical operation can
you use to solve this problem?
What do you
The product of any
observe?
number and zero
is always zero. This is
known as zero property
of multiplication.
Mathematics 51 Class - 5
Do this
1. Find the products: 46 × 23 and 23 × 46.
2. Do the following:
a) 23 × 1 = ________ b) 342 × 1 = ________ c) 999 × 1 = ________
d) 53 × 0 = ________ e) 259 × 0 = ________ f) 5817 × 0 = ________
Let us Estimate:
Mathematics 52 Class - 5
Do this
Estimate the product of these multiplications.
1) 59 × 19 2) 99 × 56 3) 189 × 33 4) 4123 × 316
4.3:- Division:-
Mr. Raju donated 9984
books and 8 almirahs to Mandal
Parishad Primary school library.
Teacher asked the 5 t h class
students to arrange the books
equally in the 8 almirahs.
1. How many books were donated to the
library?
2. How many almirahs were given by Mr.
Raju?
3. What operation is required to arrange the We should
books equally in almirahs? do division
4. Let's see how to divide 9984 by 8.
Step 1:
We begin from the left, i.e., with the thousands.
Divide 9 (the digit in thousands place) by 8.
Estimate the highest multiple of 8, which can be subtracted from 9
completely.
Clearly, 8×1=8 and 8×2=16. 8) 9 9 8 4 (1
As, 8 < 9 while 16 > 9. -8
We take 8 × 1 = 8. 19
Write 1 in the quotient.
Subtract 8 from 9.
Bring down 9, the digit in the hundreds place.
Now, 1 thousand and 9 hundreds make 19 hundreds.
Mathematics 53 Class - 5
Step 2:
Divide 19 hundreds by 8.
Estimate the highest multiple of 8 which can be subtracted from 19 completely.
Clearly, 8 × 2 = 16 and 8 × 3 = 24. 8) 9 9 8 4 (1 2
As, 16 < 19 while 24 > 19. -8
We take 8 × 2 = 16. 19
Write 2 next to the previous quotient. -16
Subtract 16 from 19. We get 3.
38
Bring down 8, the digit in 10s place.
Now, 3 hundreds and 8 tens make 38 tens.
Step 3:
8) 9 9 8 4 (1 2 4
Divide 38 tens by 8.
-8
Estimate the highest multiple of 8 which can be subtracted from 38.
19
Clearly, 8 × 4 = 32 and 8 × 5 = 40.
-16
As, 32 < 38 while 40 > 38.
38
we take 8 × 4 = 32.
-32
Write 4 next to the previous quotient.
64
Subtract 32 from 38. We get 6.
Bring down 4 ones.
Now, 6 tens and 4 ones make 64 ones.
8) 9 9 8 4 (1 2 4 8 1248
Step 4:
-8 8 9984
Divide 64 ones by 8. 8
19
Clearly, 8 × 8 = 64. 19
-16
Write 8 next to the previous quotient. -16
38
Subtract 64 from 64. We get 0. 38
-32 -32
64
64
- 64 -64
0 0
Mathematics 54 Class - 5
Example - 1 Example - 2
Fourteen agricultural workers earned What is the remainder if you divide
` 5978 in a day as daily wage. How much 19895 with 21?
amount each one will get? Solution :
Solution: Dividend
Number of agricultural workers = 14 Divisor 2 1 ) 1 9 8 9 5 ( 9 4 7 Quotient
Amount earned = ` 5978 -1 8 9
Amount each one will get = ` 427 99
14) 5 9 7 8 (427 -84
-56 155
37 -1 4 7
-28 8 Remainder
98 Thus quotient = 947
-98 Remainder = 8
0
Thus, Quotient = 427
Remainder =0
We know that,
relation between divisor, dividend,
quotient and remainder is
Dividend = (Divisor ×Quotient)
+ Remainder
Let's verify the solution whether correct or not by using the division relation.
Dividend = (Divisor × Quotient) + Remainder
19895 = (947 × 21) + 8
19895 = 19895
Mathematics 55 Class - 5
Do these
1) Do the following and write dividend, divisor, quotient and remainder and verify
the answer with division relation.
a) 97869 ÷ 6 b) 56821 ÷ 9 c) 68072 ÷ 7 d) 10213 ÷ 17
2) Raja bought 120 blankets with ` 6000 to distribute to orphans. What is the cost of
each blanket?
3) Vemaiah bought 100 bread packets to distribute to patients with ` 2300. What was
the cost of each bread packet?
Try this
Do the following and write your observation.
53427÷10, 53427÷100, 53427÷1000, 53427÷10000
Do these
1. If 8 pots cost is ` 800, what is the cost of 5 pots?
2. If 5 kilos tomatoes cost is `125, what would be the cost of 2 kilos tomatoes?
3. A publisher makes 3,875 books in the month of July. If they make the same number of
books every day, then how many books can they make in a leap year?
Mathematics 56 Class - 5
Activity
Solve the given problems and colour the answers in the following grid of numbers.
Let's Estimate:
4 Labourers agreed to work for ` 4250 to mow landlord’s field. Each of them estimated
the amount they going to receive individually. Observe their estimations.
Ex: The Mandal Educational Officer of Mopidevi Mandal wanted to take 1895 children to a
science fair. If each bus can carries 48 students, estimate the number of buses required.
To estimate the quotient in the division of two numbers, we have to round off the
divisor or dividend or both to nearest multiples of 10s, 100s and 1000s etc.
whichever makes the division easier.
Number of Buses required = 1895 ÷ 48
= 2000 ÷ 50
= 40
Mathematics 57 Class - 5
Do this
1. Estimate the result.
a) 309 ÷ 11 b) 497 ÷ 23 c) 891 ÷ 32
d) 2940 ÷ 32 e) 6121 ÷ 52 f) 2928 ÷ 92
2. Jonny bought 5 packets of buns each containing 20 buns to distribute on his
birthday. He went to a hospital to distribute the buns. There were 48 patients.
Estimate how many buns each patient will get?
Corresponding divisions
45 ÷ 3 = 15, 45 ÷ 15 = 3
Mathematics 58 Class - 5
Look at the table and fill in the blanks:
18 ÷ 2 = 9
Look at the following table and write multiplication – forms for the following divisions.
Mathematics 59 Class - 5
Exercise
1. Ahmmad earns ` 9500 per month. How much amount he earns in a year?
2. 2488 families are living in a major panchayath. If each family pays ` 30 per year
towards library cess, how much amount will be collected? Write the process to find the
collected amount.
3. The cost of a bicycle is ` 3950. The cost of a motor cycle is 13 times to bicycle's cost.
What is the cost of the motor cycle?
4. A carton can hold 36 mangoes. How many such cartons are required if there are 30,744
mangoes in all?
5. Mr. Mani wants to distribute ` 64,000 equally among 8 of his workers towards their
wages. How much will each worker get?
6. The owner of a cell phone shop bought 8 cell phones of same cost and he gave ` 90,000
to wholesaler. The wholesaler returned him ` 400. What is the cost of each cell phone?
7. 28 laddus weigh 1kg. How many laddus weigh 12 kgs. If 16 laddus can be packed in
one box, how many boxes are needed to pack all these laddus ?
8. A fisher man wants to sell 8kg of fish for `1600. But Ramu wants to buy 5kg only.
Find the cost for 5 kg.
9. 50kgs of jaggery costs `2500. What is the cost of 15 kg jaggery?
10. If a family requires ` 3200 for 8 days, how much money does the family require for
4 days?
11. Harsha painted pictures and sold them in an art show. He charged ` 2567 for big
painting and `465 for small painting. He sold 6 large paintings and 3 small paintings.
How much amount did he earn in the art show?
12. The cost of 63 erasers is `315. What will be the cost of 45 erasers?
13. 12 meters of shirt cloth costs ` 1440. What will be the cost of 7 meters of such cloth?
Fun with maths
Observe and continue it...
1×1 =1 1× 9 =9
121 ×1 = 11 × 11 12 × 9 = 108
12321 × 1 = 111 × 111 123 × 9 = 1107
1234321 ×1 = 1234 × 9 =
………………………… ………………
………………………… ………………
Mathematics 60 Class - 5
Chapter Multiples and
5 Factors
5.1:- Divisibility rules:-
Bindu and Ramu are playing Mathematics games. When Ramu tells any number, Bindu
replies whether the number is divisible by any of the numbers 2, 5 or 10 without making
division.
Ramu : 2438
When
Bindu : It is divisible by 2. But not divisible by 5 and 10. a number is
divided by another
Ramu : 2535 number leaving
Bindu : It is divisible by 5, but not divisible by 2 and 10. remainder zero, then we
say that the first number
Ramu : 3460 is divisible by
the second
Bindu : It is divisible by 2, 5, and 10.
number.
Ramu : 3607
Bindu : It is not divisible by 2, 5 and 10.
Mathematics 61 Class - 5
How could Bindu tell without doing actual division?
Divide the numbers with 2 to find out which of the following numbers are exactly
divisible by 2. Observe which numbers are not divisible?
2410 1282 3784 6728
5633 1789 5466 1787
Which of the above numbers are exactly divisible by 2?
_________, __________, ________, _________, __________
Observe the units place of the numbers,which are divisible by 2.
_________, __________, ________, _________, __________
Are all these numbers even numbers? yes / no
So a number is divisible by 2, if the digit at its ones place is either 0/2/4/6/8.
All even numbers are exactly divisible by 2.
Do these
1) Circle the following numbers which are divisible by 2.
2469 7435 8496 7630 4301 8023
4678 2030 2224 7972 6120 1524
2) Write any 5, four-digit numbers which are divisible by 2.
Divisibility rule of 5:-
Do you know?
Ramu : What is the divisibility rule of 5?
All the multiples of a
Bindhu : Say some multiples of 5
given number are divisible
Ramu : 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35
by that number.
Bindhu : Observe and write the digits at the
ones place of the multiples of 5.
____________, ____________
A number is divisible by 5, if the digit at its ones place is either 0 or 5.
Which number is not divisible by 5 in 235, 228? Why?
228 is not divisible by 5. 235 is divisible by 5
Its unit's place is not 0 or 5. Since its unit's place has 5.
Mathematics 62 Class - 5
Divisibility rule of 10:
Ramu says10 divisibility rule like this.
Multiples of 10 are 10, 20, 30, ….. and so on.
In the above all multiples of 10, the digit in unit's place is 0.
All multiples of 10 are divisible by 10.
Observe below table….
Number Units place Divisible by 10 Not divisible by 10 Reason
Units place
274 4 3
don't have zero
Units place has
3740 0 3 zero
Units place has
404050 0 3 zero
Units place has
50250 0 3
zero
The numbers which have zero at their ones place are exactly divisible by 10.
Exercise - 1
1) Find the numbers which are divisible by 2. Write the reason for the numbers
which are not divisible.
a) 3458 b) 56745 c) 3850 d) 6736 e) 6733 f) 3394
2) Find the numbers which are divisible by 5 and 10. Write the reason for the
numbers which are not divisible.
a) 3568 b) 3540 c) 6585 d) 7550 e) 4235 f) 7200
g) 7865 h) 5880 i) 7885 j) 4440 k) 8198 I) 8645
3) The numbers below are divisible by 5. Fill in the blanks with suitable digit.
a) 786_ b) 560_ c) 785_ d) 555_ e) 586_ f) 786_ g) 584_ h) 100_
4) Write any 5 numbers which are exactly divisible by 2 and 5.
5) Write any 5 numbers which are exactly divisible by 2, 5 and 10.
Mathematics 63 Class - 5
Divisibility rules for 3, 4, 6, 8 and 9
Divisibility rule of 3:
Digital root:
Multiple of 3 Sum of the digits of the multiple Digital root
The digital root
3 3 3
of the number is
6 6 6
the single digit
12 1+2=3 3
that results from
15 1+5=6 6
the continuous
39 3+9=12 1+2=3 summation of
147 1+4+7=12 1+2=3 the digits of the
342 3+4+2=9 9 number.
Observe the digital root in the above table. What did you observe?
The digital roots of any multiple of 3 are _______,______,_______
If the digital root of the numbers is 3 or 6 or 9,
then the numbers are divisible by 3.
Do these
1) Circle the number which is exactly divisible by 3 and 9 and write correct reason.
a) 108 b) 116 c) 117 d) 127 e) 132 f) 822
g) 435 h) 783 i) 1107 j) 5535 k) 2343 l) 4563
2) Write any 5 numbers which are exactly divisible by 3 and 9.
Mathematics 65 Class - 5
There are 24, 32, 40 and 56 at the end of the numbers.
4) 3232 (808
Hence all these numbers are multiples of 4. - 32
03
24, 32, 40 and 56 are divisible by 4. - 0
32
Divide 3232, 5840, 4,557 by 4. - 32
0
What is the remainder? What do you observe?
3232 and 5840 are exactly divisible by 4.
4557 is not exactly divisible by 4.
If the last two digits [ones, tens] of a given number is exactly
divisible by 4, the given number is also divisible by 4.
Do these
1) Circle the numbers which are divisible by 4.
Give the reason, if is not divisible by 4.
a) 2436 b) 3840 c)1235 d)3636
e) 6850 f) 5644 g) 8888 h) 6430
2) Write the missing number in the blank to make the number exactly divisible
by 4.
a) 323_ b) 304_ c) 58_6 d) 53_ _ e) 65_ _
Mathematics 66 Class - 5
Example: Is 24 divisible by 6?
Ones place is 4 that is even.
24 is divisible by 2.
Digital root of 24 is 2 + 4 = 6.
24 is divisible by 3.
So 24 is divisible by 6.
If a number which has 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 in its units place and the digital sum is 3,
6 and 9, then the number is also divisible by 6.
The numbers which are divisible by 2 and 3, are also divisible by 6.
Do these
1. Check whether the following numbers are divisible by 6 or not.
1) 210 2) 162 3) 625 4) 120 5) 156
2. Change the digits of the following numbers to make them divisible by 6.
1) 543 2) 231 3) 5463 4) 1002 5)4815
Divisibility rule of 8 :-
Bindu : As 8 is the multiple of 4, is the divisibility rule for4 also applicable for 8?
Either right or wrong?
Mathematics 67 Class - 5
Example: Divide the last three digits of 39328 by 8.
Divide 328 by 8.
(Observe the remainder of these two conditions. Thus, the remainders we gets are
zero.)
What did you say?
From the above two examples can you tell the divisibility rule for 8?
Do this
Find the following numbers which are divisible by 8.
a) 2456 b) 3971 c) 824 d) 923 e) 2780 f) 93624 g) 76104
Exercise - 2
1) Circle the following numbers which are divisible by 2 (by sing divisibility rule)
3624 3549 7864 8420 8500 8646 5007 7788
2) Find out which of the following numbers are divisible by 6.
1276 43218 71218 71826 4734 3743
3) The number 50 19 is exactly divisible by 9. Fill the with the correct number.
4) The number 4 46 8 is exactly divisible by 6. Fill the with the correct number.
5) Fill the blanks with suitable digits. So that it can be divisible by 2 and 10.
678_ 588_ 388_ 222_ 364_ 786_ 666_ 788_
6) Find the numbers which are divisible by 4 and 8.
2104 726352 1800 32256 52248 25608
7) Try whether the numbers are divisible by 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9 and 10
a) 333 b) 128 c) 225 d) 7535 e) 8289
f) 99483 g) 67704 h) 67713 i) 9410 j) 67722
k) 20704 l) 35932 m) 85446 n) 90990 o) 18540
Mathematics 68 Class - 5
8) Find the missing digit that would make each number divisible by the given
number.
a) 395__ by 10 b) 24305__ by 9 c) 69839__ by 3 and 9
d) 271__ 8 by 6 e) 20710___ f) 5027__5 by 3 and 5
g) 145___2 by 8 h) 92048__ by 2 i) 23405___ by 5
9. Find the smallest number that is to be added to 289279, so that it can be divisible
by 8.
5.2:- Multiples:-
Activity
Do these
1) Write first ten multiples of the following.
a) 3 b) 5 c) 8 d) 9 e) 10
2) Find out the multiples of 2, 3, 5 from 1 to 20. Write separately.
Mathematics 69 Class - 5
3) Write down the first 10 multiples of 7.
4) Find out the multiples of 7,8,10 from the following numbers and write
separately.
20, 14, 45, 24, 32, 35, 90, 8, 7, 10, 441, 385
5) Find out the numbers which are not the multiples of 3.
8 26 27 32 18 45
12 28 30 66 88 48
6) Write the odd multiples of 9 less than hundred.
Mathematics 70 Class - 5
Multiples of 4 Multiples of 6
Multiples of 5
Do these
Write the first 10 multiples of the following numbers and list the common multiples.
a) 2 and 4 b) 4 and 12 c) 6 and 8 d) 5 and 10
Mathematics 71 Class - 5
5.4:- Least common multiple (LCM):-
The smallest number of the common multiples of two or more numbers is called
Least Common Multiple (LCM) of those numbers.
Example-1:The least common multiple (LCM) of 9 and 12 is ….
Multiples of 9 = 9, 18, 27, 36, 45, 54, 63, 72, 81, 90, 99, 108, …
Multiples of 12 = 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84, 96, 108, 120, …
Common multiples of 9 and 12 = 36, 72, 108, …
Least common multiple (LCM) of 9 and 12 = 36
Do this
Try this
Find the LCM for the following pairs of numbers. What do you observe.
1) 15, 30 2) 4, 16 3) 5, 15 4) 6, 18
Mathematics 72 Class - 5
5.5:- Factors:-
Activity - 1
X 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
1 12
2 12
3 12
4 12
5
6 12
7
8
9
10
11
12 12
13
14
Mathematics 73 Class - 5
2) Which numbers do we multiply to get 10? 3) Which numbers do we multiply to get 14?
________ ×__________ =10 ________ × __________ = 14
________ × __________= 10 ________ × __________ = 14
________ × __________ =10 ________ × __________ = 14
________ × __________ =10 ________ × __________ = 14
Finally we get Finally we get
________ × __________ =10 ________ × __________ = 14
________ × __________ =10 ________ × __________ = 14
____,_____,_____,______ ____,_____,____,_____
are exactly divide 10. are exactly divide 14.
When two or more numbers multiplied together, the number which we get as a
result is called product.
The numbers which are multiplied together are called the factors of the product or
the numbers which divide a given number exactly are called factors of the number.
From the above observations, we get
1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and12 are factors of 12.
1, 2, 5, and 10 are factors of 10.
1, 2, 7and 14 are factors of 14.
In the previous multiplication table, some numbers are shown in two boxes only. Identify
the numbers and colour it.
1 × 2 = 2 x 1, 1 × 3 = 3 x 1, 1 × 5 = 5 x 1 ...
Which numbers are shown twice? ……………………………………………………….
What are the factors of those numbers?
Are they 1 and the number itself?
Those numbers are called prime numbers.
A number which has one and itself as its factors is called a Prime number.
What are the numbers which have more than 2 factors?
Those are called composite numbers.
Example:- 4, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12………………………………
Mathematics 74 Class - 5
A number which has more than two factors is called a composite number.
Do these
1) Find all the factors of the following numbers.
a) 21 b) 38 c) 72 d) 96
2) Find out whether the first number is a factor of the second number.
a) 14; 322 b) 26; 832 c) 35; 425 d) 56; 3500
e) 8; 48 f) 14; 37 g) 15; 75 h) 12; 72
3) What are the factors of 66?
4) Write all the even factors of 64.
5) List out the numbers, which are prime/composite below 20.
Mathematics 75 Class - 5
Fun activity:-
The number 1
Sieve of Eratosthenes:- has just one
factor. It is
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 neither prime
nor composite.
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70
71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80
81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90
91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100
Mathematics 76 Class - 5
3) What are the prime numbers between 20 to 50?
'2' is the only
____________________________________________ even prime
number.
4) How many prime numbers are there between 1 to 50?
____________________________________________
5) What are the prime numbers between 50 to 100?
____________________________________________
6) How many prime numbers are there between 50 to 100?
_____________________________________________
7) Do you observe any specialty in these prime numbers?
What is it?
____________________________________________
8) Are the all prime numbers even or odd?
______________________________________________
These are all prime numbers in above factorisation. Hence this factorisation is
known as prime-factorisation.
Example:- 40 = 2 × 20
= 2 × 2 × 10
= 2×2×2×5
Mathematics 77 Class - 5
Prime-factorisation by division method:-
Prime-factorisation for a given number can also be obtained by short-division method
as shown below.
2 24 2 40 2 36
2 12 2 20 2 18
2 6 2 10 3 9
3 3 5 5 3 3
1 1 1
24 = 2×2×2×3 40 = 2×2×2×5 36 = 2×2×3×3
The steps to be followed in this method can be summarized as below:
Step-1:- Divide the given number by the smallest prime number that exactly divides it.
Step-2:- Divide the quotient further by a prime number that exactly divides it.
Step-3:- Continue the division till the remainder is not further divisible by any
number.
Do these
1) Write the prime-factorisation for the following numbers.
a) 52 b) 100 c) 88 d) 96 e) 90
2) The prime factorisation of 12 × 15 is _____________
3) Match the following
a) 2× 2× 2×3× 3× 5 1) 180
b) 2 ×2×2×3×5×5 2) 360
c) 2×2×3×3×5 3) 900
d) 2×3×3×5×5 4) 600
e) 2×2×3×3×5×5 5) 450
4) 5×2×3×3 is the prime factorisation of _______________
Mathematics 78 Class - 5
5.7:- Common factors:-
Ex-1: Find common factors for 8 and 12? Factors of 8 Factors of 12
1 3
Factors of 8 = 1, 2, 4 and 8 8 2 6
Factors of 12 = 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 12 4 12
Common factors of 8 and 12 = 1, 2 and 4
Ex-2: Write common factors of 6 and 14.
Factors of 6 Factors of 14
Factors common to two or more numbers are known as the common factors of those
numbers.
Do this
Find the common factors of the following numbers and represent in the diagram.
a) 6 and 12 b) 12 and 20 c) 9 and 18 d) 11 and 22
Factors of 24 1 2 3 4 6 8 12 24
Factors of 36 1 2 3 4 6 9 12 18 36
Mathematics 79 Class - 5
Do this
Find the HCF of the following pairs of numbers by writing common factors:-
1) 21 and 28 2) 34 and 20 3) 33 and 39
4) 16 and 36 5) 12 and 18 6) 80 and 100
Try this
Find the HCF for the following pair of numbers. What do you observe?
1) 4, 16 2) 4, 12 3) 5, 15 4) 14, 42
In any pair of numbers, if one of them is multiple of the other, the smallest
number is the HCF of the pair of numbers.
There are other easy methods to find LCM and HCF even if we are given big numbers.
Prime-factorisation method to find LCM and HCF:-
Ex: Find LCM and HCF for 16 and 36 by prime-factorisation method.
2 16 2 36
2 8 2 18
2 4 3 9
2 3
Mathematics 81 Class - 5
Find HCF by common division method:-
Step1: Divide the numbers by common factors of all the given numbers.
Step2: Stop dividing when there are no more common factors except 1.
Step3: Find the product of common factors.
Example: Find HCF of 16,36
Common factors
{ 2 16, 36
2 8, 18
4, 9……. Do not have common factors.
2×2 are common factors.
H.C.F = 2 × 2 = 4
Do these
1) Find LCM and HCF by prime factorisation method for the following.
a)15, 48 b) 18, 42, 48 c) 15, 25, 30 d) 10, 15, 25 e)15, 18, 36, 20
2) Find LCM and HCF by division method.
a)16,28,36 b)12,18,42 c)30,75,90 d)24,32,48 e)12,15,18
Activity
Fill the table and observe it.
Mathematics 82 Class - 5
5.9:- Real-life problems on LCM and HCF:-
Notes:-
1) LCM of given numbers is the smallest number which is exactly divisible
by the numbers.
2) HCF of given numbers is the greatest number which divides exactly the
given numbers.
Example-1: What is the least number of students required to stand in rows equally if
number of the rows are either 2, 3, 4, 6, or 8?
Solution:- To find the required least number of students, we need to find the LCM for 2, 3,
4, 6 and 8.
2 2,3,4,6,8 Do you know?
2 1 , 3, 2 , 3 , 4 t 1 is factor for every number.
Example-2:- To what least number of students, 5 students to be added to make three teams
containing 12, 15 or 18 each?
Solution: We need to find the least number which is divisible by 12, 15 and 18.
3 12, 15, 18
2 4 , 5, 6
2, 5, 3
LCM of 12, 15, 18 = 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 × 5 = 180
The required number of students to make 3 teams = 180
Hence the required number is formed by adding 5,
The least number = 180 – 5 = 175
Mathematics 83 Class - 5
Example-3:- What is the capacity of the largest vessel which can measure the oil from
three vessels of 32 litres, 24 litres and 48 litres completely?
Solution: To find out the largest vessel, we find HCF of 32, 24 and 48.
2 32, 24, 48
2 16, 12, 24
2 8, 6, 12
4, 3, 6
HCF = 2×2×2 = 8
The capacity of the required largest vessel = 8 litres
Exercise - 3
Solve the following word-problems:-
1) There are some fruits in a basket. If we arrange 4
or 6 or 8 or10 fruits in a pile, no fruits are left in
the basket. What is the minimum number of fruits
in the basket?
2) Ramu has 16 blue marbles and 12 white ones. If
he wants to arrange them in identical groups
without leaving any marbles, what is the
maximum number in each group Ramu can
make?
3) Two Neon lights are turned on at the same time.
One blinks for every 4 seconds and other blinks
for every 6 seconds. In 60 seconds how many
times will they blink at a time?
Mathematics 84 Class - 5
4) There are 40 girls and 32 boys, who
want to participate in state-level
games competition. If each team
must have the same number of girls
and the same number of boys.
i) What is the maximum number in
each team that can participate in
state-level games?
ii) How many boys and girls will be
on each team?
Mathematics 85 Class - 5
Chapter
Geometry
6
6.1:- Point:-
(1) Observe the following pictures:
Mathematics 86 Class - 5
. A
. In the adjacent figure A, B and C are three points.
. C
B They are read as point A, point B and point C.
Do these
(1) Read the following points.
●M ●S ● U ●G
● P ● R ● D
●Z
Activity - 1
A F D
Take a paper and fold it as shown in the figure.
Look at the folded edge of this paper. It gives us an idea of
what a line segment is. The crease left on the sheet represents a
line segment. It has two end points. From the adjacent figure, B E C
the two end points are E and F.
Activity - 2
Observe the figure given below which is the shortest path that can be followed by the
rabbit to eat the carrot.
Mathematics 87 Class - 5
Path 3
Path 2
A B
Path 1
As you can see path 2 represents a line segment with rabbit at one end point and carrot at
the other end.
Do this
(1) Read the following line segments
S
C Q
A B
D P
T
Mathematics 88 Class - 5
(2) Draw some line segments by joining following points and name them.
●A ●B ●D
●C
●P ●M ●K
D C H G
D C
F
A B E
A B
6.3:- Ray:-
Activity - 3
Mathematics 89 Class - 5
A ray is a straight path that has one end point and goes on and on in a
specified direction. As there is no second end point for a ray, we cannot
measure the length of a ray.
Some more examples:
Do this
Observe the following rays and name them.
P
O A C D
B E Q
6.4:- Line:-
Activity - 4
Ø Mark any two distinct points on a paper in your note book.
Ø Name them as P and Q. P Q
Ø Now join them. P Q
Ø The line segment can be extended endlessly in the direction from P to Q.
P Q
Ø The line segment can be extended infinitely in the direction from Q to P too.
Now the line segment PQ is extended endlessly in both directions of its end
points.
P Q
Ø The formed figure gives an idea of straight line and it is denoted as PQ.
Mathematics 90 Class - 5
A line has no end points and no width. We can’t measure it’s
length. It is denoted by any two points on it. If P, Q are two
points on the line, it is denoted as PQ or QP.
Do this
(1) Read the following lines.
X
P N
A B Q M Y
Exercise - 1
●B ●C ●P ●Q ●E
●F ●G
●A ●R ●S
●H ●I
3) Classify the following as ray, line and line segment. Also name them.
Mathematics 91 Class - 5
4) Check whether the statements are True (T) or False ( F). If it is false, give the
reason.
a) A ray has a definite length. ( )
b) A ray has one end point. ( )
c) A Line segment has a fixed length. ( )
d) A Line segment has no end points. ( )
e) A Line has no end points. ( )
5) Represent the rays from the figure given below. A
B
O
6) Find rays, lines and line segments from the figure given below.
A E
B
C
D F
7) How many straight lines can be drawn through?
a) One point b) Two distinct points
8) Observe the following figure and answer the questions given below.
K P A T Y
Mathematics 92 Class - 5
6.5:- Types of Angles:-
Angle
Observe the pictures given below.
rm
A
O Arm P
Vertex
Mathematics 93 Class - 5
Do these
1) Observe the adjacent figure and fill in the blanks. A
a) Vertex is ………….......
b) Arms are……………....
B
c) Angle is ………………. O
2) Observe the various items in your classroom and write the things where angles
occur.
Right Angle
Activity - 1
Do this
(1) Mark the right angles in the given pictures.
Mathematics 94 Class - 5
Acute and obtuse angles
Activity - 1
What type of
angles these are
called ?
Do this
Observe the angles given below and classify them as acute, obtuse and right angles.
A M
D
O L S N
B N
Mathematics 95 Class - 5
6.6: Measuring an angle:
Activity - 1
Observe the angles in the adjecent figure and write in the table. 1
1 Angle 1
2 Angle 2
3 Angle 3
How are these
angles measured ?
Outer Scale
Activity - 2
A
90o
O B
Mathematics 96 Class - 5
v Adjust for the zero of the protractor on the base line that aligns with the arm of the angle
v Read the angle from that side
v Angle A O B is 90°.
L
(2)
L
60o
M N
M N
If the measure is less than 90 degrees, it is an acute angle.
(3) D
120o
Q
O
O Q
If the measure is more than 900 and less than 1800, it is an obtuse angle.
Do this
Classify the angles given below.
25º, 30º, 45º, 120º, 150º, 90º, 160º, 95º, 100º, 60º, 80º, 75º, 110º
Acute angles: ______________________________
Right angle: ______________________________
Obtuse angles: ______________________________
Mathematics 97 Class - 5
PROJECT WORK
Write the word 'MATH' using the line segments and write the number of right angles,
number of acute angles and number of obtuse angles formed in these letters.
M
A
T
H
Exercise - 2
Mathematics 98 Class - 5
(3) Observe the picture given below. Count the number of acute angles, obtuse angles
and right angles.
A) B) C)
E) F)
Children!
(1) In which figures, can the cat catch the rat ?
(2) In which figures, can the cat not catch the rat? Why ?
Mathematics 99 Class - 5
Examples :
, Closed figures
Open figures
,
Do this
Observe the figures given below. Write 'O' under the open figure and 'C' for closed
figure.
Activity - 2
D C AB =
BC =
CD =
A B DA =
Activity - 3
M S
MS=
SD =
DU =
UM =
U D
v Find the lengths of the all sides of the above figure ( i.e. DU, SD, MS, UM )
v Find the all the angles in this figure
v What do you observe ?
Activity - 4
M
v How many sides are there in this figure ?
v How many angles are there in this figure ?
v Do you know the name of this closed figure ?
G N
(1) State what figures are open and which are closed .
(2) Draw three simple closed figures by using straight lines only.
(3) Draw three simple closed figures by using both straight lines and curved lines.
(5) Square is a special case of rectangle. What is its specialty in terms of sides?
6.8:- Symmetry:-
P P A A E E
1) Which letters have same images?
2) Which letters have different images?
Do this
Here are some letters .Tick the letters which look different in the mirror.
M
H M
K C B
Q Z X
Think & Discuss:
Can you think of more such alphabet will remain same in mirror images?
Activity - 6
Do this
(1) Put ( 3 ) mark to the picture which have line of symmetry.
(2) Draw possible number of symmetrical lines for the given figures.
H S N
H
N
H S N
Each of these letters H , S, N look the same if you rotate them upside and down.
After rotation if an
S
What is a half turn?
S
S
Exercise - 4
(1) Match each letter with its mirror image. The dotted line with every letter shows the
mirror.
Letter Image
(i)
T L
(ii)
C M
(iii) L U
(iv) M T
(v) U C
Mathematics 107 Class - 5
(2) Check whether the dotted line represents the line of symmetry or not and put a tick
mark under the figure with line of symmetry.
(1) (2) (3)
(3) Draw possible lines of symmetry for the figures given below, wherever possible.
(1) (2) (3)
Try these
1. Arrange some patterns using , , and .
2. What should come next?
(a)
(b)
(c).
(d)
(e)
10cm 4cm
8cm
3cm 5cm
4cm 4cm
4cm
5cm
Perimeter refers
to the total length
of the boundary.
Perimeter of a rectangle = 6 + 4 + 6 + 4
= Length + Breadth + Length + Breadth
= 2 Lengths + 2 Breadths
15 units 10 units
18 units 5 units
12 units 8 units
Perimeter refers
to the total length
of the boundary.
Perimeter of a square = 5 + 5+ 5+ 5
= side + side + side + side
= 4 x Side
Perimeter of square = 4 x side
Do these
(1) Find the perimeter of a square with a side of 3 cms.
(2) Find the perimeter of a square with a side of 12cms.
Activity - 1 Area
Activity - 2
Use 12 squares to make as many types of rectangles as you can on the square sheet.
Do all types of rectangles occupy same area? One is done for you.
Try this
Balu is a farmer who wants to divide his land equally to his three children. He wants
to divide the land. His land look like this each piece of land has one tree. Can you divide
the land equally?
Now, we compare the previous data by using pictograph. You have to use to
represent two flowers.
= 2 flowers
1. Jasmine
2. Rose
3. Marigold
4. Lily
Yes, observe
Will you explain
the process
how to prepare the
given below.
pictograph?
Step 4 : All the pictures should be in the same shape and size.
= 5 members
Number of
S. No. Game Pictures
players
1. Kabaddi
2. Kho-Kho
3. Tennicoit
4. Cricket
1. Pochaiah
2. Solman
3. Kareem
4. Lingaiah
5. Veeresam
Prepare a pictograph to the given data and present it in the class room.
Prepare some questions on the above data and discuss them in the classroom.
7.3:- Reading the Bar Graph:-
We can represent the data in another way also. Observe it carefully.
Class 5 students prepared data on players of different games in their school as
shown below.
Group-1: Group-2:
= 10 Players = 10 Players
Cricket
No. of players
Games
Tennicoit
Kho-Kho
Kabbadi
Kabbadi Kho-Kho Tennicoit Cricket
No. of players
Games
Example:
Rajani wants to compare her height with her four friends. She measured their
heights and made a note like this.
Rajani – 120 cm Rafi – 160 cm Ramesh – 140 cm
Rosy – 140 cm Rani – 160 cm
Help her to draw bar diagram.
200- 1 Unit = 20 cm
180 -
160 -
140 -
120 -
100 -
80 -
60 -
40 -
20 -
Rajani Rafi Ramesh Rosy Rani
Now answer the following questions:
(a) Who is the shortest person?
(b) How much less height is Rafi to Rajani?
(c) Who is equal in height to Rajani?
(d) How much more height is Rajani than Rosy?
One day Rani collected the data of temperatures of 5 Major cities from news papers.
Prepare a bar diagram to the data and prepare 4 questions.
Temperature in
300c 350c 350c 250c 200c
degrees
Nellore
Kurnool
Towns
Vijayawada
Visakhapatnam
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
Temperature
Exercise - 1
(1) Parvathi collected the data of pet animals from her friends and recorded it in a
table. She displayed the table in the class room.
Cat 5
Goat 10
Hen 13
Dog 6
(2) The following table shows the number of tiles in different colours.
Now prepare a bar diagram to the given data and followed by some questions.
Project:
Conduct a survey in your school. Collect the information and interpret the data.
Make Tally marks chart / Pictograph / Bar graph.
a) Favourite actor
b) Favourite actress
c) Favourite cricket player
d) Favourite sweet
e) Favourite movie
f) Favourite drink.
Hema and Gopi are studying 5thclass and 3rd class respectively. One Sunday, they are
playing a game “Asta – Chemma”. Observe the game board.
Can you write “ fraction part” of marked cells & un marked cells?
5
fraction part of marked cells =
25
4 Fractions that have
fraction part of marked cells =
25 same denominators are
16 called like fractions.
fraction part of unmarked cells = 25
5 4 16
Observe these fractions : 25 , 25 , 25
Activity - 1
Observe 4 × 4 grid.
Write “ fractions” for red, green, and white coloured parts.
fraction of red part =
fraction of Green part =
fraction of white part =
1 1
2 2
2 2
Hema and Gopi got 2 full biscuits and half biscuit each. This can be written as 2 1
2
biscuits.
If Hema and Gopi got 7 and 9 biscuits then complete this table.
Fraction having whole number and proper fraction is called “Mixed Fraction”.
1) When an improper fraction is converted into a mixed fraction, the quotient forms its
whole number part while the remainder over the divisor forms the fractional part.
2) To convert a mixed fraction into an improper fraction, multiply the denominator by
the whole number and add the product to the numerator. This sum over the
denominator gives an improper fractions.
Example : (1)
2) 5 (2
5 1 5 1 1 -4
Fraction form of shaded part = or 2 + so = 2+ = 2 1
2 2 2 2 2
+
and 2 1 = (2 × 2) + 1 = 4 + 1 = 5
x 2 2 2 2
Example : (2)
3) 7 (2
7 1 7 1 1 -6
Fraction form of shaded part = 3 or 2 + 3 so = 3 = 2 + 3 = 2 3 1
1 (3× 2) + 1 6 + 1 7
and 2 = = =
3 3 3 3
Example : (3)
4) 15 (3
15 3 15 3 3 -12
Fraction form of shaded part = = 3 + so = 3+ =3 3
4 4 4 4 4
3 (4 × 3) + 3 12 + 3 15
and 3 = = =
4 4 4 4
Every improper fraction can be converted into mixed fraction and vise versa.
Improper fraction Mixed fraction
Do these
1) Write any 5 proper fractions.
2) Write any 5 improper fractions.
3) Write any 5 mixed fractions.
5 7 9 11
4) Convert these fraction into mixed fraction 2 , 3 , 4 , 2 .
2 3 2 1
5) Convert these fractions into improper fraction 4 , 5 , 6 , 3 .
3 4 5 2
Rakesh
Yeshu
Haseena
16 16 ¸ 2 8 16 ¸ 4 4
= ( ) = ( );
ii) 20 20 ÷ 2 10 20 ÷ 4 5
Activity - 3
2 4
4 8
Observation: ___________________________________
Observation : ___________________________________________
Do these
1) Write any three equivalent fractions to the given fractions.
4 1 3 20
a) b) c) d)
8 3 7 24
4
Rajiv coloured 4 parts out of 8 parts. So fraction part equal to .
8
1
Begum coloured 1 part out of 2 parts. So fraction part =
2
4 4¸4 1
= =
8 8¸4 2
1 4
So, is the simplest form / simplified form / lowest form of 8 .
2
That is why the coloured parts by Rajiv and Begum look like same.
3) Convert the following fractions into the simplest form by both the methods.
(i) 16 (ii) 12 (iii) 30 (iv) 40 (v) 16 (vi) 8
64 18 50 25 32 40
1 2 3 1 2 3
4 4 4 2 3 5
Observe 2ndset of fractions what is your observation? Here all fractions have different
denominators. Fractions having different denominators are called “UNLIKE
FRACTIONS”.
While checking like fractions /unlike fractions, what do we check ?
We check only denominators.
RED BLUE
PAINT MIXER
PURPLE
Raheem is working in a paint shop. His duty is to make all colours of paint. To make
5 7
purple paint, Raheem mixed lit of red paint with lit of blue paint. Then how much
4 4
purple paint does he get?
Take 9 strips of same unit length. On 1st strip mark it as 1. Shade any colour on entire
1
strip. Divide 2nd strip into two equal parts and mark it for two equal parts. Shade any
st 2
different colour other than on 1 strip. Continue in this way.
1 1 1 1 1 1
some more observations : + = , + = ,.................
4 4 2 6 6 3
= 1 1 1 1 4
+ =
5 5 5 5 5
1 1 7 16
Example: 2 + 5 = +
3 3 3 3
7 + 16
=
3
23
=
3
1 th 1 th
Example: Ramu read part of a book on 1st day, part on 2nd day. Then
4 4
how much part did he read in two days ?
1
Solution : Part read on 1st day =
4
1
Part read on 2nd day =
4
1 1
Total part read in two days by Ramu = +
4 4
1+1
=
4
2
=
4
1
=
2
1 1 1 1
iii) 1 + 3 iv) 2 + 3
4 4 5 5
1 3
3) Kg of a sugar packet, kg of jaggery are in a bag. Then what is the total
2 6
weight of two items in the bag ?
1 2
4) Sakru paints 5 th part of a wall on first day, th
part of the wall on second day.
5
Then how much part he painted in both the days ?
3 th 1 th
5) Polamma had some money. She spent part of money on books,
part
6 6
of money on pens, pencils and erasers. Then how much part money did she
spend in total ?
Example : 5
1 1 31 37 ( L.C.M of Another process:
+ 3 = +
6 12 6 12 6,12 = 12)
1 1 31 37
5 + 3 = +
31 2 37 1 6 12 6 12
= x + x
6 2 12 1 31x2 + 37x1
=
62 + 37 12
=
12 62 + 37
=
99 12
=
12 99
=
12
1 rd 1
Example : Narasamma ate part of bread on Monday, th part of the bread on
3 4
Tuesday. Then how much part of the bread she ate on two days ?
1
Sol : Part of bread eaten on Monday = 3
1
Part of bread eaten on Tuesday =
4
Part of bread eaten by Narasamma on two days
1 1
= + (here L.C.M of 3, 4=12 )
3 4
1 4 1 3
= ´ + Ì (L.C.M =12, to make same
3 4 4 3
denominators)
4 3
= +
12 12
7
=
12
Mathematics 138 Class - 5
Do these
1 2 4
+ +
1) Complete this 2 3 6
8
+
6
Try this
6 1
Add 5 , 4
8 7
4 1 1 1 1 1
Method 1 : - =
5 5 5 5 5 5
1 1 1
=
5 5 5
3
=
5
4 1 4 -1 3
Method 2 : - = =
5 5 5 5
4 1 14 11 3
Example: 2 - 2 = - =
5 5 5 5 5
1 th
Example: Krishna read part of a book on first day. How much part of book is yet to
4
be completed ?
1
Sol : Completed part on first day = 4 Difference of like fractions
Difference of numerators
Yet to be completed part = 1- 1 =
4 denominator
4 1
= -
4 4
4 -1
= 4
3
= 4
2. Do the following.
I) 6 1 ii) 3 1 iii) 1 3 - 1 1 iv) 4 2
- - 2 -1
10 10 15 15 15 15 7 7
1 th
3. Eswar painted part of a wall on first day. Then how much part will remain to
6
complete?
1 th 5 th
4. Gowri completed part of her homework on Saturday, part on Sunday
4 12
morning. How much part did she complete? How much part of home work is left ?
Method 1 :
3 1
-
4 2
1 1 1 1
= 4 4 4 2
1 1 1
=
2 4 2
1
= 4
= 1
4
Mathematics 141 Class - 5
Method 2 : 3 - 1 ( L.C.M. of 4, 2 = 4)
4 2
= 3 1 2 ( L.C.M = 4, To make same denominator)
- x
4 2 2
3 2
= -
4 4
= 3- 2
4
1
= 4
3 th 1 th part of glass.
Example : Rakesh has part of a glass with milk. He drank
4 8
Now how much part of milk is remained in the glass?
3
Sol : Part of milk in the glass = 4
2 nd Process
1
Part of milk drank = 3 1
8
- = 3×Ì 2 -1 ×
´1
3 1 4 8 8
Part of milk remained = -
4 8
6 -1
=
3 2 1 8
= x -
4 2 8 5
=
6 1 8
= -
8 8
5
=
8
Try these
1) Complete this: 3 4 1
- -
4 12 24
Box
2 2
So, stands for ; stands for
10 100
1 1 2 2
What do you observe in these fractions , , , ?
10 100 10 100
Here denominators are 10, 100.
Fractions having denominators 10, 100, 1000,… are called “ DECIMAL FRACTIONS” .
Thousandths
Hundredths
Hundreds
Tenths
Ones
Tens
2 8 5 1 4 3
3
2 x 100 1000
4
8 x 10 100
1
5x1
10
We read 285.143 as “Two Hundred Eighty Five point One Four Three”.
1
Place value of 2 = 200 Place value of 1 = 10
4
Place value of 8 = 80 Place value of 4 =
100
3
Place value of 5 = 5 Place value of 3 =
1000
Do You Know?
Ancient Indians represented fractions without horizontal line between numerator
and denominator.
The Arabs added the line drawn horizontally.
“Bhinnarasi” is originated in India in the works of Aryabhatta, Brahmagupta and
Bhaskara.
The word fraction is from Latin word fractus / fractio means broken / break.
Exercise - 3
Do these
1. Guess the distance between any two dots. Repeat for other dots also. Check by
measuring the same with scale.
2. Identify and write farthest two dots. Identify nearest to each other.
A. .C
B. .D
.J
Length (cm)
While they are doing the work, Latha brought one groundnut seed and asked “can
you measure the length of this seed?” They tried to measure it in centimetres. But they
observed that length of the seed is below 1 centimetre.
Can you measure the length of the seed?
10 millimeters
1 cm
0. 5 cm
10 Lines per
centimetre 0 cm 1
Now count the millimetres the peanut has covered. It is _____mm.
Do this
Give some examples which we have to measure only in millimetres.
1.____________ 2.______________ 3. ____________ 4. ______________.
Activity
Name of the
objects Length in mm Length in cm
student
Jubair Textbook 220 220÷10 = 22 cm
Somla Pen 115
Jack Slate 180
Malli Brick 200
Metric units Kilo (1000) Hecta (100) Deca (10) Basic unit 1 deci (1/10) Centi (1/100) milli (1/1000)
Sumi is searching for a scale. When she found it was broken into some pieces. She stucks
two pieces with fevistick and observed another one piece was missing. How could she tell it?
Imran identified that Sumi has done both addition and subtraction. He explained an
addition example like this.
Example-1:
The lengths of two pieces are 12 cm 3 mm and 6 cm 2 mm. The total length of two
pieces is:
Solution: cm mm
12 3
+ 6 2
18 cm 5 mm
Imran identified how Sumi told the other piece is missing. He subtracts the length of
two pieces from the total length of a scale that is 30cm. He gave an example to subtraction.
Exercise - 1
Converting cm to metres:
Example: When Siri observed length of the blouse as Do you know?
90 centimetres, she wanted to convert 90 90 centi-metres = 90 x
cm into metres. 1/100 metres
(in the form of decimal
Solution: The length of the blouse = 90 cm
fraction)
We know that 1metre = 100 cm = 90/100 metres
Converting 90cm to metres = 90/100 = 0.90 metres
= 0.90 metres.
After understanding the concept of decimals, working with measurements is very simple.
Like the decimal system, the metric system is also based on units of 10 and its multiples.
Rampuram Rampuram
4 km 200 m 400 m 600 m 800 m
3 km
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
He calculates that the distance covered by his father's bike.
Ravi converted 6 km into metres after reaching the village.
Example 1: Converting 6 km into metres.
1 km = 1000m
1 km = 1000 m
½ km=500 m (half kilometre)
6 km = 6 x 1000 m
= 6000 m
Example 2 : Convert 3 km and 25 m into metres.
1 km = 1000 m
3 km and 25 m = 3x1000 m + 25 m
= 3000 m + 25 m
= 3025 m
Exercise - 3
A) Do the following.
a) Convert 15 km 500 m into metres. b) Convert 128 km into metres.
c) Convert 12690 metres into kilometres. d) Convert 18000 metres into kilometres.
B) Solve the following.
1. A boy comes to school on foot. He has to walk along the path of 400 m beside a pond,
350 m green field and 450 metres road. How much distance has he covered to reach
the school? Is it more than 1km?
Abdul went to a kirana-shop, and spent some time there. He observed the customers
and things they were buying.
Write any 5 items usually we buy in kilograms and grams.
Here are some example to convert kilogram into gram and vice verse.
Ex-1: Convert 5 kilograms into grams. Ex-2: Convert 3kg 5 grams into grams.
Solution: 1 kilogram = 1000 grams Solution : 1 kilo = 1000 grams
5 kilos = 5x 1000 grams =3kg 5g = 3x 1000 grams+ 5 grams
= 5000 grams = 3005 grams
Ex-3 Convert 3000 grams into kilograms. Ex-4: Convert 5040grams into kilograms.
Solution: 1000 grams = 1 kilogram Solution: 1000 grams = 1 kilogram
3000 grams = 3000/1000 kilograms 5040 grams = 5040/ 1000 kilograms
= 3 kilograms = 5 kilogram 40 grams
Do these
1. Convert the kilograms into grams.
(Note: 1 kilogram = 1000grams)
1) 3 kilograms 2) 34 kilos 3) 17 kg 600 g
4) 38 kg 720g 5) 89 kg 540g
2. Convert grams into kilograms
1) 6000 g 2) 7090 g 3) 8069 g
4) 12405 g 5) 2418 g
Project:
Making sample weights with sand and cover or with empty paste tubes and sand.
(Go to a grocery shop. Bring the weights. Use the weights and prepare same
weights with sand and cover.)
Do you know?
Converting 3 kilograms into milligrams.
Kilogram = 1 x 1,000 grams, 1 gram = 1÷1,000 kilograms
Kilo means 1,000
Milli means 1÷1,000 (thousandth part of a gram)
First we have to change kilo to grams
3 kilograms going to equal 3 times to1,000 grams. That equals 3,000 grams.
1 milligram is equal to 1÷1,000 grams (vice versa 1 gram = 1,000 mg)
So 3,000 g = 3,000 x 1,000 milli grams = 30,00,000 milli grams.
The animals in
the forest want to
celebrate
'Forest
animals'
day'.
It is announced
that all the
animals have to
attend the
celebrations.
The fox drank 2 L payasam. Now the squirrel wants to measure it in millilitres. Now let's
convert 2 L into milliliters.
Solution:
The payasam drank by the fox =2L
Measuring 2L in millilitres = 2 x1000 ml We know that 1L = 1000 ml
= 2000 ml
5. 20 ml 5 ml + 2 ml + 15 ml
A B C
The amount of milk in mug A is 300 ml more than that in B
The amount of milk in mug B is 400 ml less than that in C.
The amount of milk in mug C is 100 ml more than that in A.
Find the amount of milk in three mugs. (Mug B is having 700 ml.)
Project: Collect the following information from your class students and fill in the table.
S. No. Name of the student Height Weight of his / her bag Water in his bottle
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Try these
1. Mahitha's sister started at 6:30 in the morning and travelled for 2 hours. What time did
she reach Rajahmundry?
2. Mahitha's sister started at 3:00 in the afternoon and travelled for 1 hour 45 minutes. At
what time did she reach Eluru?
3. How much time did she take for the travel? (to and fro)
Sister : The time from midnight 12 O' clock to 12 noon is written as am and time from noon
to midnight is written as pm.
These are shortened form of 'Ante Meridian' and 'Post Meridian'.
am Ante Meridian
pm Post Meridian
v Now can you tell the working hours of the Library?
Activity - 1
Look at the event, observe the clock and decide its time am or pm .Note it in the
correct box.
11
12
1 am pm
10 2
9 3
8 4
7 5
6
11
12
1
am pm
10 2
9 3
8 4
7 5
6
12 am pm
11 1
10 2
9 3
8 4
7 5
6
12 am pm
11 1
10 2
9 3
8 4
7 5
6
11
12
1
am pm
10 2
9 3
8 4
7 5
6
11
12
1
am pm
10 2
9 3
8 4
7 5
6
11
12
1
am pm
10 2
9 3
8 4
7 5
6
12
am pm
11 1
10 2
9 3
8 4
7 5
6
Do this
Mention the time of your choice and convert into 24 hours time.
The departure and arrival times of the trains from Vijayawada to the various stations
are given below. Write the total time of the journey from Vijayawada to destination.
1) Colour the digital clock in 24 hours format by observing the given 12 hours analog
clock.
2:25 pm 4:30 pm
12 12
11 1 11 1
10 2 10 2
9 3 9 3
8 4 8 4
7 5 7 5
6 6
2) Sports competitions were held in Kondepadu school from 10:45 am to 3:45 pm.
For how many hours was the program held?
3) Robert is leaving for Singapore from Vijayawada at 22:00 hours. Express this time
in 12 hours format.
4) Abhinav was a night watch-man in a school. He used to attend his duty at 5:30pm.
Express this time in 24 hours format.
5) Every day Himadas practises Yoga from 4:30 am to 6:15 am and from 4:00 pm to
5:30 PM. Find the total time she spends for her practises every day?
6) While Babu's team was learning to play Kabaddi, on Monday they practiced from
6:15 am to 7:05 am. On Tuesday they practiced 3:25 pm to 4:15. How many
minutes did they practice in both days?
7) The bus departs from the terminal at 11.20am and arrives the destination at the
2:40 pm. How long did the bus travel?
8) Sneha began her home work at 4:30pm. She worked for 80 minutes. At what time
did she finish?
2
0
1
9
2
0
2
0
In general, a leap year is divisible by '4' and a non leap year is not divisible by '4'. Though
century years, like 1800, 1900, 2100, 2200 etc., are divisible by '4' but these are non leap
years.
The century year is called leap year only when it is divisible by 400. (ask your teacher for
the reason)
Exercise - 2