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    Succession Questions Worksheet

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    oriel blount
    Pioneer species that colonize new areas encounter challenges like temperature fluctuations, drought, wind, and low nutrients. They adapt by having stable structures, waxy cuticles, nitrogen-fixing abilities, and thermotolerant enzymes. Primary succession occurs on uncolonized areas, while secondary succession follows clearing of previously colonized areas. As succession progresses, soil depth increases through humus formation, raising water and nutrient levels and stabilizing temperature and wind. Later communities need not devote energy to prolific seed production since competition is high. An index of diversity along a coastal dune transect increases with distance as conditions become less hostile through long-term succession. Standard deviation best measures plant height variation compared to range since it considers all

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    Succession Questions Worksheet

    Uploaded by

    oriel blount
    7 views2 pages
    Pioneer species that colonize new areas encounter challenges like temperature fluctuations, drought, wind, and low nutrients. They adapt by having stable structures, waxy cuticles, nitrogen-fixing abilities, and thermotolerant enzymes. Primary succession occurs on uncolonized areas, while secondary succession follows clearing of previously colonized areas. As succession progresses, soil depth increases through humus formation, raising water and nutrient levels and stabilizing temperature and wind. Later communities need not devote energy to prolific seed production since competition is high. An index of diversity along a coastal dune transect increases with distance as conditions become less hostile through long-term succession. Standard deviation best measures plant height variation compared to range since it considers all

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    2. Succession Questions Worksheet

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    Pioneer species that colonize new areas encounter challenges like temperature fluctuations, drought, wind, and low nutrients. They adapt by having stable structures, waxy cuticles, nitrogen-fixing abilities, and thermotolerant enzymes. Primary succession occurs on uncolonized areas, while secondary succession follows clearing of previously colonized areas. As succession progresses, soil depth increases through humus formation, raising water and nutrient levels and stabilizing temperature and wind. Later communities need not devote energy to prolific seed production since competition is high. An index of diversity along a coastal dune transect increases with distance as conditions become less hostile through long-term succession. Standard deviation best measures plant height variation compared to range since it considers all

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    7 views2 pages

    Succession Questions Worksheet

    Uploaded by

    oriel blount
    Pioneer species that colonize new areas encounter challenges like temperature fluctuations, drought, wind, and low nutrients. They adapt by having stable structures, waxy cuticles, nitrogen-fixing abilities, and thermotolerant enzymes. Primary succession occurs on uncolonized areas, while secondary succession follows clearing of previously colonized areas. As succession progresses, soil depth increases through humus formation, raising water and nutrient levels and stabilizing temperature and wind. Later communities need not devote energy to prolific seed production since competition is high. An index of diversity along a coastal dune transect increases with distance as conditions become less hostile through long-term succession. Standard deviation best measures plant height variation compared to range since it considers all

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    Succession Questions

    1. What kind of problems would a pioneer species encounter?

    Extreme temperature variation, desiccation, high wind speeds and low nutrient availability

    2. Describe the kind of adaptations you might expect to see in a pioneer species in order to
    overcome these challenges.

    They might be resistant to temperature change due to thermostable enzymes, desiccation due
    to thick waxy cuticle, Stable due to be low-lying and able to tolerate low nutrient availability
    due to being nitrogen fixers

    Explain the difference between primary and secondary succession.

    Primary succession occurs on a previously uncolonised areas whereas secondary succession


    occurs on an area that has previously been colonised but has been cleared.

    Explain how an area that has been cleared can become a climax community again.

    Soil has already been made so recolonisation by new plants can occur bringing change to the
    environment by allowing succession

    What changes occur to the environment as succession takes place and why?

    There is a greater soil depth as plants die, which forms humus, creatimg a greater water and
    nutrient content in soil. This means that there are more plants creating less variation in
    temperature and lower wind speed.

    3. Early stages of ecological succession contain short-lived plants which devote enormous
    amounts of energy producing seeds. More mature communities do not do this. Why?

    They do not produce loads of seeds as the energy involved in doing so would be wasted since
    there is significant competition from other species
    4. The diagram shows a profile along a transect showing succession on some coastal sand
    dunes.

    10
    B
    A C H eig h t
    D
    ab o v e
    seash o re
    /m
    S ea sh ore 0
    0 300
    D istan ce in lan d /m

    Point A B C D
    Index of Diversity 1 2.3 5.4 6.1

    a) What data must be collected in order to be able to calculate an index of diversity of


    plants at one of the points along the transect? (2)

    The number of organisms of each species and the number of different species needs to be
    counted

    b) Suggest an explanation for the trend in diversity along the transect. (3)

    There is a greater length of time since the dune was formed so succession has been happening
    for a greater period of time, and during this biodiversity increases because of a greater
    variety of plants being able to survive there as conditions become less hostile.

    The average height of marram grass was measured along the transect. Students
    discussed whether to use the range or the standard deviation to determine the variation
    in the population at each site. What would you advise them? Explain the reason for your
    answer. (2)

    They should use standard deviation because range doesn’t take in all the values, only the

    biggest and the smallest whereas standard deviation is a measure of a spread of all of the

    values from the mean

    c) As variation increases what would happen to the value for standard deviation? (1)

    It would increase

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