Tugas Bahasa Ingris

NAMA : ROKY SUPRANDANI
NPM : G1B021054
MATKUL : MKU BAHASA INGGRIS
DOSEN : KASMAINI, SS.MPd
MENTALHEALTH AND COVID-19 PANDEMIC
During any outbreak of an infectious disease, the population’s

psychological reactions play a critical role in shaping both spread of the disease
and the occurrence of emotional distress and social disorder during and after the
outbreak. Despite this fact, sufficient resources are typically not provided to
manage or attenuate pandemics’ effects on mental health and wellbeing. While
this might be understandable in the acute phase of an outbreak, when health
systems prioritize testing, reducing transmission and critical patient care,
psychological and psychiatric needs should not be overlooked during any phase of
pandemic management.
There are many reasons for this. It is known that psychological factors
play an important role in adherence to public health measures (such as
vaccination) and in how people cope with the threat of infection and consequent
losses. These are clearly crucial issues to consider in the management of any
infectious disease, including COVID-19. Psychological reactions to pandemics
include maladaptive behaviours, emotional distress and defensive
responses. People who are prone to psychological problems are especially
vulnerable. All of these features are in clear evidence during the current COVID-
19 pandemic. One study of 1210 respondents from 194 cities in China in January
and February 2020 found that 54% of respondents rated the psychological impact
of the COVID-19 outbreak as moderate or severe; 29% reported moderate to
severe anxiety symptoms; and 17% reported moderate to severe depressive
symptoms. Not withstanding possible response bias, these are very high
proportions and it is likely that some people are at even greater risk. During the
2009 H1N1 influenza outbreak (swine flu), a study of mental health patients
found that children and patients with neurotic and somatoform disorders were
significantly over-represented among those expressing moderate or severe
concerns.
The impact of covid-19 made the big instance to mental health. People
with established mental illness have a lower life expectancy and poorer physical
health outcomes than the general population. As a result, people with pre-existing
mental health and substance use disorders will be at increased risk of infection
with COVID-19, and increased risk of negative physical and psychological
effects stemming from the pandemic.Then it can be anticipated that health and
social care professionals will be at particular risk of psychological symptoms,
especially if they work in public health, primary care, emergency services,
emergency departments and intensive or critical care. The World Health
Organization has formally recognized this risk to healthcare workers, so more
needs to be done to manage anxiety and stress in this group and, in the longer
term, help prevent burnout, depression and post-traumatic stress disorder.
There are several steps that can and should be taken now to minimize the
psychological and psychiatric effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. first, we
recommend the provision of targeted psychological interventions for communities
affected by COVID-19, particular supports for people at high risk of
psychological morbidity, enhanced awareness and diagnosis of mental disorders
(especially in primary care and emergency departments) and improved access to
psychological interventions (especially those delivered online and through
smartphone technologies). These measures can help diminish or prevent future
psychiatric morbidity. second, there is a need for particular focus on frontline
workers including, but not limited to, healthcare staff. In the USA, the Centers for
Disease Control and Prevention offer valuable advice for healthcare workers in
order to reduce secondary traumatic stress reactions, including increased
awareness of symptoms, taking breaks from work, engaging in self-care, taking
breaks from media coverage and asking for help. This kind of advice needs to be
underpinned by awareness of this risk among employers, enhanced peer-support
and practical assistance for healthcare workers who find themselves exhausted,
stressed and feeling excessive personal responsibility for clinical outcomes during
what appears to be the largest pandemic of our times.
Public health emergencies may affect the health, safety, and well-being of
both individuals (causing, for example, insecurity, confusion, emotional isolation,
and stigma) and communities (owing to economic loss, work and school closures,
inadequate resources for medical response, and deficient distribution of
necessities). These effects may translate into a range of emotional reactions (such
as distress or psychiatric conditions), unhealthy behaviors (such as excessive
substance use), and noncompliance with public health directives (such as home
confinement and vaccination) in people who contract the disease and in the
general population. Extensive research in disaster mental health has established
that emotional distress is ubiquitous in affected populations — a finding certain to
be echoed in populations affected by the Covid-19 pandemic.
The Covid-19 pandemic has alarming implications for individual and

collective health and emotional and social functioning. In addition to providing
medical care, already stretched health care providers have an important role in
monitoring psychosocial needs and delivering psychosocial support to their
patients, health care providers, and the public activities that should be integrated
into general pandemic health care.
REFERENCES
 Taylor S. The Psychology of Pandemics: Preparing for the Next Global

Outbreak of Infectious Disease
 Wang C, Pan R, Wan X, Tan Y, XuL, Ho CS, et al. Immediate
psychological responses and associated factors during the initial stage of the
2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) epidemic among the general population
in China. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020;
17:1729.
 Page LA, Seetharaman S, Suhail I, Wessely S, Pereira J, Rubin GJ. Using
electronic patient records to assess the impact of swine flu (influenza H1N1) on
mental health patients. J Ment Health 2011; 20:60–9
MAIN IDEA
PARAGRAF 1
During any outbreak of an infectious disease, the population’s psychological
reactions play a critical role in shaping both spread of the disease and the
occurrence of emotional distress and social disorder during and after the
outbreak.
PARAGRAF 2
There are many reasons for this. It is known that psychological factors play an
important role in adherence to public health measures (such as vaccination) and
in how people cope with the threat of infection and consequent losses.
PARAGRAF 3
The impact of covid-19 made the big instance to mental health
PARAGRAF 4
Several steps that can and should be taken now to minimize the psychological
and psychiatric effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, for example we
recommend the provision of targeted psychological interventions for
communities affected by COVID-19, particular supports for people at high risk
of psychological morbidity.
PARAGRAF 5
Public health emergencies may affect the health, safety, and well-being of both
individuals (causing, for example, insecurity, confusion, emotional isolation,
and stigma) and communities (owing to economic loss, work and school
closures, inadequate resources for medical response, and deficient distribution
of necessities)
PARAGRAF 6
The Covid-19 pandemic has alarming implications for individual and collective
health and emotional and social functionin/

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NAMA : ROKY SUPRANDANI

MATKUL : MKU BAHASA INGGRIS

DOSEN : KASMAINI, SS.MPd

MENTALHEALTH AND COVID-19 PANDEMIC

During any outbreak of an infectious disease, the population’s

The Covid-19 pandemic has alarming implications for individual and

 Taylor S. The Psychology of Pandemics: Preparing for the Next Global

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