Trafo Sizing

Transformer MVA Sizing
© 1996-2010 ETAP/Operation Technology, Inc. – ETAP Workshop Notes

Transformer MVA Sizing
• Based on ANSI C57 and IEC 60076 standards
• Considers multiple cooling stages and transformer
types (3-phase & 1-phase)
• Considers altitude correction factors
• Considers temperature correction factors
• Load variation
• Considers short-circuit impedance requirements
• Use connected load or operating load to size the
transformer
© 1996-2010 ETAP/Operation Technology, Inc. – ETAP Workshop Notes Slide 2
MVA Sizing Page
Transformer
MVA Loading
Short-Circuit
Impedance
Correction limits
Factors & Load
Variation
Sizing Results Consider

Section Growth Factor
for Max. MVA
•Larger
•Required
•Smaller
•Impedance

Temperature Correction
• Ambient temperature in degree Celsius
• For air cooled transformers use the air
ambient temperature
• For water cooled transformers use the water
temperature
• Based on C57.92-1981 and IEC 76-2

Altitude Correction
• Derate the transformer capacity based on
altitude of the installation
• Derating starts above 1000 m or 3300 ft
• Based on C57.92-1981 and IEC 76-2
800 900 1000 1100 1200

meter meter meter meter meter

Load Variation
• Growth Factor
– Allowance for future load growth
• Load Factor
– The ratio of the average load to the peak load
over a designated period of time
– Load Factor = 100 x ( kWi x Ti ) / ( kWp x Tt )%
– Load Factor = 100 x E / ( kWi x Tt )%

Where:
I = interval of time when the load is non-zero
kWi = load at interval i
Ti = number of hours of interval i
kWp = peak load
Tt = Ton + Toff
Ton = total hours when the load is on
Toff = total hours when the load is off
E = energy (kWh) consumed by load over the
interval

Short-Circuit Impedance
Size Requirement
• Use Primary Short-Circuit kA and FLA to
Calculate Impedance
• Primary 3-Phase FLA = MVA / (kVLL * 3)
• Primary 1-Phase FLA= MVA / (kVprimary)
• Zcalculated =100*(FLAprimary / ISC_primary)

Connected or Operating Load
• Connected Load
– Determine the radial load connected to the transformer
secondary
– Can include spare loads for conservative results
• Operating Load
– PowerStation’s load flow program determines the power
flow through the transformer
– Automatically updated in the transformer required MVA
field (load flow study case info page option)
– Can determine loading in radial or looped systems

Sizing Results and
Automatic Updating
• Sizing results include MVA and % Z for
– Required Size (Actual calculated Size)
– Next Standard Larger Size
– Next Standard Smaller Size
• Automatically Update the calculated rated
MVA, Max MVA and % Z into the Rating
page of the transformer

Transformer MVA Sizing Page
Update automatically
when you press these
buttons
Transformer Rating Page
Transformer Rating Page

Unit Transformer Sizing
Presented by Farrokh Shokooh

© 1996-2010 ETAP/Operation Technology, Inc. – ETAP Workshop Notes
Unit Transformer Sizing
• Based on IEEE C5F-116 Standard
• Optimize unit transformer turn ratio
• Consider system voltage variation
• Consider generation station auxiliary load
• Automatically detect generator, cable
impedance and bus nominal kV
• Generator reactive vs. capacitive plots
• Optimization reports
Transformer Tap Optimization
Page
Transformer
Impedance
Section System kV
Information
Primary / Secondary
Cable Impedance
Generator
Information
Auxiliary Load
Information
Optimization
Results Section

Automatic System Parameter
Update

Primary Fixed Tap Editor
• Use 0.1% Tap Step to obtain best
Optimization results
• Set the maximum/minimum fixed tap range

MVAR Delivery Curve

Unit Transformer Tap
Optimization Reports
• Input Data
• Optimal Tap Position
• Transformer Power Input and output at
different system voltage levels (system
voltage variation)
• Generator Power Output at different system
voltage levels
• Generator and System voltage at different
system voltage levels

Trafo Sizing

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Trafo Sizing

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Trafo Sizing

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Transformer MVA Sizing

© 1996-2010 ETAP/Operation Technology, Inc. – ETAP Workshop Notes

Sizing Results Consider

© 1996-2010 ETAP/Operation Technology, Inc. – ETAP Workshop Notes Slide 3

© 1996-2010 ETAP/Operation Technology, Inc. – ETAP Workshop Notes Slide 4

800 900 1000 1100 1200

© 1996-2010 ETAP/Operation Technology, Inc. – ETAP Workshop Notes Slide 5

© 1996-2010 ETAP/Operation Technology, Inc. – ETAP Workshop Notes Slide 6

© 1996-2010 ETAP/Operation Technology, Inc. – ETAP Workshop Notes Slide 7

© 1996-2010 ETAP/Operation Technology, Inc. – ETAP Workshop Notes Slide 8

© 1996-2010 ETAP/Operation Technology, Inc. – ETAP Workshop Notes Slide 9

© 1996-2010 ETAP/Operation Technology, Inc. – ETAP Workshop Notes Slide 10

Transformer Rating Page

Transformer Rating Page

© 1996-2010 ETAP/Operation Technology, Inc. – ETAP Workshop Notes Slide 11

Presented by Farrokh Shokooh

© 1996-2010 ETAP/Operation Technology, Inc. – ETAP Workshop Notes Slide 14

© 1996-2010 ETAP/Operation Technology, Inc. – ETAP Workshop Notes Slide 15

© 1996-2010 ETAP/Operation Technology, Inc. – ETAP Workshop Notes Slide 16

© 1996-2010 ETAP/Operation Technology, Inc. – ETAP Workshop Notes Slide 17

You might also like