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Sue Pemborton

Cambridge IGCSE0-0 and O Level

Additional
Mathem atics
C ou rsE\hook
Imm£~.I
 Exercise 4.3
1 U-.c I he f ac 1or t heor(• lll 10 sh o\\':
a .\' - •l is a fact or of x 1 - 3x!.' - 6x + 8
b :c + I i, a factu t of xJ - ::b - 2
c x - 2 i!\ a facto r of 5x" - 17 x:.1 + 28
d :\x ,,,. I ;., a fa ctor of 6x 1 + I lx 2 - :h - 2.
2 Find th e \'a lul.' of a in l.'ach of th t· follo win~
.
a x + I i'i a fact or nf fix ' + 27x'l + 11x + 8.
b x.,. 7 .-. a fac tor of x , - :";x-: - 6x + fl .
c 2x + '{ i~ .i l a,1or ul •t x 1 + ax 2 "' ~9x + :\0.
3 \" - ~ 1,a f,H..t1u-nf x 1 + flx 1 + bx -
f·. °' pn ·,, h in 1err n, ol " ·
4 f- i11d ll w \'al 111· of and 1ht· \"aluc:
II 111 /Ji n l.':td 1 o f lht' loll, ,win g
a x- t" ·~x - lO i, a la CltJt of x ' + flX : + bx + ~O.
b 'b e -' - I I x f- r, I !\ . 1 f:t lloi o f fJX - J1x : +
1
bx - 15
c •I '<'~· ·I x - I :, i!\ ., fa c IC>t c1f h 1 + ax -: +
bx+ ~-m.
 5 It 1> " "' "
1
h~• <; "'
1
I\ .uu <,
1 ti, , , 1 h , ., h.w ,· .1 ,·,u nn1 011 I ac wr.
F, nd l lu· l:h ,~~ihll · , ., hat· ot ,,.
6 , - ,:-- ., t"\l ll\1 \hll l t.H hll ' tlf ~ ., . ~ - l" - h) .\' - .,n d .,·" - (11 + h) .,· + 30 .
Fin d thl .", .,lu c: of a .u, d tht · ,·ah
1t· llf h.
1 .v - .,u d ~-' - I .,n · f.,c hll ~ (lt :1.\' - p.,
.-:: - '!.q.,· + </·
a Fin d thl.· , ...,lu t· \_,f p .,nct the ,~.,ha
t' t,f q
b Ex pl: lin wh , ·" + is .,ls o a t:K
tllr t)f tht· c.·xpres..iion.
8 .Y + o is ._\ fac tor vf
.\' ~ + 8.t ::! + -4ax - ~,1.
a Sh ow th. u a, - -l a~ + 311 = 0.
b Fin d the possible;- ,'3l ues of CJ~
Exercise 4.4
1 a Show that x - I ~a factor of ~x ' - .\.'! - 2x + I.
b I kn ee factoriSl' ~.\~' - :x.! - 2.\' + J rrn 11plt·1t·h.
2 FactoriSl' these cubic t.'Xprcs.\irnl, complt·t<!h .
a x ' - 2.\' ~· - 3x - IO b X
I
, ·Ix · •b: - I t,
c ~.\' 1 - Hx:t - 18.x· d x • - Hx.! :l.\' + I l
1
e 2x -13x~'+ l7x-t' I~ f 3x' r ~.,.:.:- I 11.\ .... ti
I ·1.x ' - ~x 2 - .,· ._ 2 h :?x ' + ~x'-' - :~~x r I:1
3 Sol\'l· the lnllo\-.·ing- t·qua1io11~.
• x' - :ix:.- - :th· 35 = 0 Jo. b x1 - tix·· "t I Ix Ii <>
c ~x .J. I 7.x· '1 + I Rx - = 0 d 1x + :h·' - 17.\' + l 2 = II
e 1x' - :h~' - J h + Ii = 0 f 2;~ i -J -;,\ '~ - ! I.\' .J. = f)

I -tx' I~.\' 1 + f>.'( - 6 = O h :?x \ :i.\·· - ~!.\ + fiO 0

4 'x>ht: tlil' follu,,•111~ t·qua1iu11 !oi.
Expre'-' ioo t_s i, 1 1l1t · fo rm 11 ± h/; . whl'rt· 11tTc·,,.,n.
I x 3 t-f,x :!- -l x ~ = (J b x l• X,\' :.- + I~.,· !l = U
C .\' 1 2.\'·' - i x 1=0
5 Solve• I he l't jll.11 ion t x'i + ~,.,.:.> - I·I.\· - ~I = tl .
Expri.:~, rnol~ 111 1lw torm ,, .t , \\'lw, t' ll<'t c·,,.11 , .
 6 ~"""' I lw ,· q11 ,,11011 , ' I Hx ·• t I ~-' H.
\\ ' 1 llt · ,, \lll •" ' ' " ' ' ' ' <UI I c' f I In :! dt•, i 111, el pl :1Ct ''i ,~h1 •1T II <-'( <'~s;a n .
7 a SJ, I \ \\' t 1, •I t .\ i:,. ., f ·" (t )I u f .,· I .\' 'J ,\ ' :l.
b l ' (. I " l' 'h (\\\ I h .' I \ ' ,\ ., \"
•1 = () 11 •.1~ ,, ,
11 , on<' n :al root a nd -;1 c1 1e
,
lhl' , ,,htt· ,,t 1h,~ I UPI

8 II ) f. . >f ,. I js I.
' ' 1' •' , uhi< pl 1lv1101n 1.tl wllt•H' I Il l' co d 1ctt•11 1 t · •
h nd I (.,•) whc.·11 t ht· 1 out:- o l I (\) = 0 a rt'
• - •>
- •
I •, t\t I !l- b .. - ,,- ,ll H I '-I
:>, c -.q. 0 and 2.
.J

9 l( ., l i" a\ uhh polvnnmi:d wht·tt' the· cot: Hi ri<'ll l of x :' i!-i 2 ·

F 11 u l I ( , ) ,,·hc·11 IIH· n,ut!- 111 l'(x) = 0 an·
• - 0 . r,. '.! •" u I ·I b O.:>. I a " d 1 c - I. 5 . I a n d 5.
lO l t ., ) is, , n thu p n lv numi ;tl wht'rc· th l' cud lkic rll o f x 'i i~ I.
l'hc· 1 nn t~ o l I (x) = O a n · - :\. I + ./2 :and I- J§.
F'\:p t c·,, t (.,•) a-. at 11hit p u ly nuini al in x w ith integer coc Hicicncs.
11 l (.\'l b a n 1bic- p o lv11rnn ia l ,,·here tht· cocft-icit:n l o f x ~ i~ 2.
rh,· roo t ~ <>f I {x ) = I) .,, , . .!_ . + g anrl - J3.
2
Exprt·~~ t ( x ) .,~" c ubic pol~•no mial in x wirh in tege r coefficients.
I 12 ~.,· -r 1 i-. ., fannr o f 2x 1 +(a".!+ l ) x ~ - 3x:t + (1 - a '\) x + 3.
a S ho,, Lh,11 -l a ' - 911 :! + •l = 0 .
b Find t h e p oss ibll.' values o l a.
Exercise 4.5
1 Fi n<I I ht· remainder ,,1hl.·n
a x .'.\ + 2x~ - x + 3 is di\'ided bv x - I
b x ·t - hx-• •• +
I I x - -I 1s
. d.l\' .d
I e d b v x - '>
-
c x :{ - 3x'..! - :\:h · + 30 is di\'iclcd h) x + 2
d 2x ( - x:! - 18x t- 11 is di,iclcd by 2x - 1.
2 a \,\ 'h(·n x + x ! + ox - 2 is dividt:d by x - l. 1ht· remainder is 5.
Find 1h,: V-dllll' of a.
b \\'hen 2x " - tix .! + 7x + h is di,·idc:d lw x +~-the.· remainder is 3.
Find I he "due· 11l h.
c \\' hl'n ~x + x 1 + rx - IO is di, idc.:cl l,v 2x - I. t ht' rcm._tinrler is -4.
find th e \'a luc.- nf r.
3 f (x )= x ~ + nx'..!+ IJx - ;,
re .,·) has a fa c 1or ol x - I a11d leave·~ a nJm:iinder of 3 when divided hy .\· + 2.
Find the va lue o f "and of h.

4 f (x) = x~ + + I Ix + h
r1x '!
f ( x) h ~,s a fa c tor of x - :l and lt'm·es a 1cmaindc·r of 24 wheu dividt'd bv x _ f>.
J-ind 1lle ,aliac.· of" and of b.
s HK/ .ll
1
~'" ' ,,~ .- J,
f( .-,J It.,,., f., e1,,, c,( :t '< ,Hid I,., . ,.,., rt•m;tirHlrr ,,f J:-, ""'twn d1\.1<lc-d IA x -
a bud du ,111t u· , ,f 11 .,11rl o f I,
b \,,h r clw c·q11a11t>11 f( xJ (J

6 Hx) •I x ' + Hx : ._ ,,x '° IJ

Hx) h;,, ,, h,,mr of ix and 1,.. .t.,,,·, ,1 rc•rri.unrkr ,,f ,JM"'twu ,11, ,,tt-d ti\ x-
a Find the· value t,I II a ud ,,I 11
b f111<l llw r<· m.11nrl c:r wht-n f(x1 i-. <1, .. uln) h\• x -
7 ff X) : ~X + /J
( fl .. I} X 1 - fJX

\\' ht· t1 f<x> ,, di-. 1rl1•<l h) x - l , th t> rt'mamrltr ,, ·,

\\'h en f Cx) 1, '11vlflc d by x - ~. th<- rt•m ;, 111dt· t i, 1-1
',ho"' 1ha1 n = - I :md finrl I h,· , a luc.· , ,t I,
8 f<x) = rn ' + hx~ +, =;,y - :!
\\ h c 11 t( xJ i, d 1vidc rl by \' - 1 1he.- 1 c1tHt1 ndt:1 ,, IJ
\\'h l"11 f(xl I\ divtdl'd h\ 2x + 1, the , em.:,i nde, ,, - It
Find till· va lue: o f n ,and 1,f h.

9 f txJ = " - 1x~ + m.. • II

Hx) li.1, .t fat tor of x - ~ .
F.xpn:,, h 111 1c1 m , nf ,, .
b Whc:n f(x> i, div idcd h)' , - l. lh t' rt-mainclt-r 1, - ~•.
Find the ,,~dU l' of 11 .rncl o f h.
1
10 IC"' ::; \' \ - fl ,\ i- /,;c +I
rtw moh nf I ( '() = 0 art: 2. ·~.. 111d It.
Wht.'n l(x) i,di\idecl hv x - 1. tlw rc111 :.111ult·r 1, - h .
a Fi 11d tht.' \·aim· of):.
b Find thl' rl·maindt:r wht•n f(x) i.., n ivi dt:d b) ., - I.
11 llx1 =•Ix \ .... flX.: + l '.\x b
fcx, h..t.., J f .,t r,,r ,,t ~..\ - I ,and h..~Vl'' ,1 n.-·111aindl'r of '!.1 ,,h,: n ell\ 1clcd t.-. x - ~-
a Fim1 111 (• va lue of" a11d o f J,.
b Fincl I ht: rem a i11d«:r wht'n r ht: t·>. pre,sion i, d i\lcft·d h\' "( , I.
12 fi x , = x ' - X-<:.- - lex - '!.O
\\'hc·11 II '(J ,, cltvidl·fl h-. t - I. the n •mr11nc1l'r ,., R
Wtu-11 ft.-c) " , li vitlc:rf hy x - ~ - 1lw 1t:1Jlai11d<:r i, 4R
h url rht· va lue o f Ir .
13 f (-c1 = y • - '!.x·' - 1,x-+- 'I
Wt w t1 It "( I ,, tf 1" 1dc·cl ll\ + 11, dw rcm.un<lcr" R.
\\lt, ·11 f t-() 1, dl\·1clc·rl b) x - 11 . 1lw n ·mairnlt-r ,.., '!./t
a '>h•,w 111 .11 '~,, '.!o : 18,, - q = (J

b ~nlv,· rt w ,.q11;111on i11 parl a c•implt•tch•

 14 t'(x) = x ~ t- (ix!.!+ k.\ I:,
\•\ 'h<· n IC.\') 1s di\'1ckd f)V x - I. Ili c· 1t·111:ii11dc ·1 1:-. Ii.
\\' hc11 I (.\') i~ di\'idc·d II\ x t •L I lie ic ·111:1i11clr1 j.; /{ .

a Find1hc,alau· ofk.
b I knn· find rht· rt· 111 ;ti11d, ·1 when rh<' <'X("<'""'in11 l"I dh iclcd In ,. t ~.

15 l'( x)=5(x - l )(x - 2)(x -:{)+a(x - l)(x - t} 4· b(x - l)t t

Ir i.; g i\'t'n that wlu·n P (x) j~ dividc·d h\I eac h of x- I , x - 1 arid x - :i rlw n ·111,111 ul, ·1, .111 • 7• !l ,ltHI I
1·c,pe:>ctivdv. Fi11cl thl' \ ,tlll<'~ of 11, /J, and ,.
1
Exe rcis e 2.1
Sttl w dtc followi ng sim uh;i 11e ous
equ atio ns.
1 'I ,.x··• 2 .••·= x - 6 3 ,. = X - I 4 X)' = .\
=x+6 .,
Y x t + xy = 8 x· + ,:.!. = 2:'l y = 2x + 2
5 ., ' - ")' = I) 6 3y = 4x - :> 7 2x + )' =7 8 x - :-· = '2
-' + ·" = I x 1 + 3;,.y = 10 xy = I) 2x~ - -3 )'t = 15
9 x + 2) = 7 10 y = 2x 11 -'} = \! 12 v'.1. = 4x
xt + f = 10 x'! + x,· = 3 :,; + )' == '.\ 2:,; + y = 4
13 .\' + 3)' = 0 14 +J= 4 15 y= 3x
X 16 x- 2y = I
2x1 +3) = 1 x~ +f =I O ,\\''! - '.\x!
2y2 - xy = 15 =
17 :i + X + X)' = 0 18 X)' = 12
2x + 5_y = 8 (x - l)(y + 2) = 15
19 Cal cul; iu: the coo rdin ates of
the poi nts ,~h ere thl· line )' = I - 2x
1
C lll'V t' ,,: +
,, 2 cut~ the
_
)'" = ,
20 The sum of two num bers x a nd
y is 11.
T he prn dun of the two 11umbc rs is
21.2:'l.
a Wri te dow n two cciu atio ns i11
b Solve you r eq11ations to find the
21 The su111 of the are as o two
xan c\ y.
pos sibl e valu t·s o f x and )'- I
r squ ares 1.s o0 18 c m·.
•
The sum of the per ime ters is 160 c
m.
Fin d th e> len gth s of the sidt·s of the
sciu are s.
22 The lim · y = 2 - 2x cu ts the
cu,, -c 3x'! - .,•2 = 3 at thl· pni nt ~
. \ .:111d H.
Fin d thr le ngt h of the line :\8.
23 T h e line 2x + 5y = \ m et:ts
tilt' cur ve x~ + 5:\)' - •l y" + 10 = ll
poi nts A anr l H. .11th<'
Fin d tlw coo rd ina t es of thc- mid poi
nt o f ,1H.
24 The line _y = x - 10 inte rsec ts
t lw cu rve x·i + l + ·I \'+ li _y - HI
thc p oin ts t\ anc t 8 . = 0 ,ll

Fin d 1he le ngt h o f tht· lint · .-\/l.

25
The strai~h1 line , = '.?x - 2 intt
·rsl ·cts tht' 1 ur, ,· x·: - , = ~' .11 th<'
A a nd B. 1"" 11 "
Give n thai A lic·s belo w 1hc.: x-ax is
a nti 1ltt· p11 i11t /'Ii, ·, 1>11 1/l ,11, h Iii.i i
AP : l'H = :\: I.fi nd the coo rdi11a
1r~ u l /'.
26
The line x - 2y = '.! in tt·rs t·c1s dtt·
, 111 'It' " , ., = 10 ,11 11, 11 l 11 ' 1111 ' 1 ·11 11 1 11
Fin d the.: equ a tion o l tht• pe, p e n<l
ic ul.11 hi,n 1,,1 nl 111<· \111< · 1/I.
Exercise 2.2 ' r
• I aii< fun< 11un ,,, in< I thl' 111axirnu o r
111
1 l ·w the: ' )'ll1111<·11 ) of car h quac r
mi11 in1111n poi111\. .
.
Skt·H h t:u h g 1aph. ~1i,,w111~ a II '""'
, . crm, i 11g po111t \.
_ :('! + 4x - 21
.,
a , = , : - :'ix - Ii '>()
b ·' = ,'(· - x - -
C ) - ·
-
~ + ,, .., - :I'."..
d , :: , : + '.h - 2X e , == 4 1
x·: + x +
f \ = I :) - " '
l
· I • lonn ( x - 111 l + 71 •
2 Expn·" each of the follow·ing 111 I 1c.: ·
a x: - 8x 1 d X: - 3x
b x'! - I Ox C x - :JX

e x 1 + 4x f X: + IX h x: + 3x

. an t Ill' for Ill (x- •

3 ~.x pn:\~ each oft ht' foll 01, 111g · 111 )· + "·
a x 1 - Hx - I ~ b x: - I Ox - :> c x'! - 6x + 2 d x'! - 3x + 4
e x'! +fix + 5 f x 1 + fo: + 9 g x '! + 4x - I 7 h x'! + 5x + 6
4 Ex pres~ each of tl1 l· foll<Ming in the fo rm " ( x - P{ + q.
a 2x:- 8x + :~ b 2.\''! - 1'.b+ l c :3x1 - l'.!x + :'> d 2x'1 - 3x + 2
e 2x 1 + -lx + I f 2x : + 7., - 3 g 2x: - 3x + 5 h 3x'! - x + 6
5 ExprC'~:. each of tht follow ing in thl· form 111 - (x - II f1 •
a 6x - x'! b IOx- x'! c 3x - x'! d 8.\ '-x'!
6 Expn:s~ each or the follm\'in g in the· form a - (x +bf .
a :i - 2x -x~ b 8- 4x-x1 c IO - :,x - x'! d 7 + 3x - .\'~
7 Expr t·s~ each o f the following in the form a - p(x + q f.
a 9 - 6x - 2x'! b I - -Ix - 2x'! c 7 + 8x - 2x'! d 2 + 5x - 3x'!
8 a Expres~ 4x:! + 2x + 5 in the form 11(x +b f + r. 1,·
h erl' a, band r
ar<' cons tants .
b Docs l he funn ion \ = -I x'! + 2x + 5 meet the x-axis?
Expl ain yn11r answ1·r.

9 f( x) == 2x'! - 8x + I
a Express 2x'! - Bx + I in the form a(x +h f + c, ,,·he
rr n a nd b
arc integ ers.
b Find the coor dinates of the stat ionar y poi 111 on the grap
h of)' :: f(x).
10 f (x) = x'!- x-!'l forx E
a Finn thl· smallest value off(x) and the corre spon
ding value o f x.
b I lcncc write clown a s11itable donrnin for f(.\') in
orde r that r - ' (x) cxi,;rs.
11 f(x)= 5 - 7x - 2x 1 forx e 1R
a Writt· f(x) in th e form fl - 2 (x- qf when · /iancl qarc co11sta111,; 10
hC' fo11nd.
b Writ e down the range of the..: funct ion f(x).
 1
12 l{x ) = 1-1 + 6 x - 2x for x e [R
2 i11 the l,1r 111 + /( )' , wtw rc a, han d r
a Ex pre ss 1-t +n x - 2x " J x + r

are r on!'>ta n1 s.
st ·,1,·c,,, . 1' Y prn· nt I
b \\'r i l e dc l\\ ll th e· tcH 11cl i 11 .1tc·~ o f llu · · · • 0 11 t it· gra ph
nt ,, I t , ) .

c ~l-.c·11 l1 1hc ~ 1.1pli u l y - I (.,) .

7 10 1 0 "' x 7
13 I l , ) i ·, ' ' •

111 " - {x + /J)'l , wh ere a, and b

a I ' fll <'' ' -; ' :, , - ' ~· i u t he fr>t
, II< ' l<ll l , l.111 1'-
ing
ing po int of the fun ctio n f(x) , •Ha t
b I 111<11hc uH>1 d1n .11 cs o f the t urn
um poi nt.
,, h c 1h t-r it 1, .1 111a ,in111111 or 1ni n i1n
c F111d the r,111 g-c o ff.
d " I.li e. g i, i11g .1 rea so n , wh eth er
or no t f has a n inv ers e.

14 fil e fun c lio n f is s uch th a t f {x

) = 2x 2 - 8x + 3.

ite ,·) i11 thc fo nn 2(x + a/ + b, wh ere a, and ba re con sta nts to
a \\'r f(
he fo un d.
1
for f so Lha t r- ex ists .
b \\"r 11e cto " n a sui ta bl e d o n1a in

15 t I.,) = -h: ! - bx - 8 wh ere x m

f has an in\ 'erse.
I n:d I lie .,,n allc s t ,·a lue of ·m for wh ich

16 )= ..,.. 4x - '\: 1 for x

ie., , I 4x - x ~ in t h e fo r m a - (x +b f , wh e re a and ba re co nst a n ts
a -...p -r

· '" Jr, 111 d .

', <)or di na tes of the tur nin g po int o f the fun ctio n f(x). sta t ing
b f rd t llC
1, rh<·r 11 ,.., a rna x im um
or n1ini1nu1n po int .
nd an ex pressio n for
c I pl.J111 wit ; l (x) ha s an i11v crs c an d fi
f ( J i11r <·rrn 'i of. x.
1
 Exercrse 2.3
1 ',l-.,·tt h t lw g r aph~ o l c ;,ic l 1 o l t h l' fo llr)\\lillMf u nc t i1>ns.
a , =J.'f.: ~ - lx + ~JJ b J=J x 1 - 2x- 3 J c y=lx1 - 5x+ 4 1
d , =J x:.!- 2x - 8 J e y = J2x:! - J fx - 6 l f y = j3x:! +5x - 2 J
2 l (x ) = 1 - 4x - x 'J
a \\'r it e f (x) in t he fo r m a - (x +b f . wh e re a and b a re con sta nts .

I b S ke tc h t h e g ra ph of y = f (x).
c Ske tc h t h e g ra ph o f y = I f (x) I.
3 f ( X) = 2x:! + X - 3
a \<\'r ite f(x) in t h e form a(x +b f + r . whe re a, band c are con stants.
b S ke tc h the graph of y = I f (x )I .
4 a Fi n d t h e coo rdina tes of the sta tio nary point on the c urve
) = l (x- 7 ){ x + l ) J.
I(
b Ske tc h th e g r a ph o f y = x - 7 )( x + I )I.
c Find the se t o f values of k fo r whic h x - 7 )( x + 1 I( )I = k h as
fo u r so lutio n s.
5 a Fi nd tht' coordina tes o f th e s t;:niona r y p o int o n the curve
) = J( x + :'i )( x+ l) J.
b Finrl t h e '>t' l o l va lue s of h for whic h I( x + 5 )( x + l )I = k h as
two , u lII t io rl',.
6 a h11d t h e lOorclin ,Hes of tilt· sta tionary poin t o n th e c urve
> = I ( x - 8 )( >- - :1)I.
b h nd Liu· , a ftt t· 0 1 k l or wltic lt I( x - 8 )( x - 1 )I= k h as thre e solutio ns.
7 \ulv<· tl w.,, · ,·qtta t iot h .

a Ix'J - hi 10 b I x 'J - '21 = C

Ix-., - :>X
- I = (j.
d I + ~-\ I = '2 .,
x 'J e Ix :1x + 1 = '.\
'l - J
f I x:.! + 3x - I I = 3
g Ix 'l + 'lx - 41= :> h I·.!..r ., - '.\ I = 'lx l x:.! -4x+71= 4
Exerc ise 2 .4
1 Soh ·e.
a (x +3)(x-4)>0 b (x -5)( x- l )~O C (x - 3)(x + 7) ;;,: 0
d x(x - S)<O e (2x+ l )(x-4)<0 f (3 - x)(x + 1) ;;,: 0
g ( 2x + 3 )( x - 5) < 0 h ( x - 5 f ;;,: 0 i (x-3f ~ o
2 ~olve.
a x 2 + Sx - 14 < 0 b x 2 + x - 6 ;;,: 0 c x2 - 9x + 20 0
d x 'l. + 2x - 48 > 0 e 2x 2 - x - I !1 0 f 5x 2 + 9x + 4 > O
3 Solve.
a x 2 < 18 - 3x b I 2x < x lr! + j5
c x(3 - 2x) ~ I d x !.! +4x < 3(x+2)
e (x + ~\)( I - ,.. ) < x - I f ( 4 x + 3) ( 3x - 1) < 2x ( x + 3)
4 Find the set of va lues of x for whic h
a x ~ - I Ix+ 24 < 0 and 2x + 3 < 13
b x 1 - -1x ~ l 2 and 4x - 3 > 1
C .\" ( 2..\· - 1) < 1 and 7 - 2x < 6
d .\ - 3x - IO < 0 and x2 - l Ox + 21 < 0
e .t 2 +X - 2 > 0 and x2 - 2x - 3 0.

S Sohe.
a lx 2 + 2x - 21<13 b l x 2 -8x+6l<6 c lx 2 -6x+4 \ <4
Exercise 2.5
1 ~ 1.1tc '' IH·1hc1 t h eM: c:quati o 11 s ll avt' two distin ct roots, two equal roots or
Jl\l llHHS.

a ,-- 1,·+ b x'2 + 4x - 2 1c x'2 + 9x + 1 d x2 - 3x + 15

e , - - 6t+ ~ f '2 2
4x + 20x + 25 g 3x + 2x + 7 h 5x 2 - 2x - 9

2 1-tnd the ,,1hH:s o f k fo r wh ich x 2 + kx + 9 =0 h as two equal roots.

3 Find the, ,t!1 1l.'s of k fo r whic h kx 2 - 4x + 8 = 0 has two distinct roots.
4 I-ind the ,alucs o f k fo r which 3x 2 + 2x + k =0 has no real roots.
5 ~1 11d 1f1t· ,.tlue<.; o f k fo r wh ich (k + 1)x 2 + kx - 2k = 0 has two equal roots.
6 h, lt.H: ,tl11c~ of kforwh ich kx 2 +2(k+3)x +k = 0 has two
d 1 < J() l)l",.
2
7 1-t,, rl ,. ,.tl ue'-> o f k for wh ich 3x - 4x + 5 - k = 0 has two distinct roots.
8 1 I I rw .. tl,tc·<.; of k. fo r wh ich 4x 2 - ( h - 2 ) x + 9 =0 has two equal roocs.
9 h d il w \ .iltw'-> of h fo r which 11x 2 + 4(k - 2)x + k = 0 has two equal roots.
2
10 ) I ! ) ', rl, n tlw 10 0 1-; u f1h c·cq uation x +( k - 2)x - 2 k = 0 a re real and
d , 11 11,11,, , ,tl l r<"al v,tl11cs ul k.
. . 2 5 . 2k - 0 a e real and dislinct
11 ~1111\v 111,11 1lw 10<> 1.., o f the equauon kx + x - - ' r
for .di rc·al v,il1 w.., o f' k.
 Exercise 2.6
1 Find I 11<· va lt1t's of/, fen · whic h Y = J,x + I is a tangent LO the cu rve

2 Find lht' value nl It for which 1IH' x-axis is a ta ngent to the c urve
" :.. ,\ ' I (:' - k )X ( '" ' I ) .

3 Fi n d tlw values o f rlw ni n s l ,llll r l<)r wh ich the lin e y =x + c is a tange n t to

2
tht• c urve )' = :\x
X

4 Find the set o f va lues of k fo r wh ic h th e lin e y = 3x + 1 c uts the cu r ve

.,
,, = x - + k.,· + 2 in two clis1inc l po ints.

5 T h e line y = 2x + k is a tangent to t h e c urve x:.1 + 2xy + 20 =0 ·

a Find the p ossible va lues of k..
b Fo r eac h of these values o f h, fi nd the coordinates of the p o int o f contact
of t h e tange nt with the c urve.
6 F in d the se t o f values of k for wh ic h the line y =k - x cuts t h e c urve
y = x- - 7x + 4 in two dist in ct p o ints.
•)

7 F ind the va lues of k for which th e line y = kx - 10 m eets the curve

2 2
x + y = lOx .

8 Find the set o f values of m for wh ic h the lin e y = mx - 5 does n ot m eet the
c urve y = x 2 - 5x + 4.
9 T h e line y = mx + 6 is a tan gent to t h e c urve y = x2 - 4x + 7 .
Find the p ossib le va lues of m ..