CAMBRIDGE

/r>5*

WORKBOOK
Y6
^
U /C

Annie Cornford and Andrew Reid

CAMBRIDGE
UNIVERSITY P R E S S
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CONTENTS

Starter Unit Welcome! P4

Unitl Be inspired p8

Unit 2 What is art? pl6

Unit 3 Spread the word! p24

Unit 4 Healthy body, healthy mind p 32

Unit 5 Save our planet! p 40

Unit 6 Think outside the box p48

Unit 7 A world of celebration p56

Unit 8 Back to school p 64

Unit 9 A holiday on the moon p72

Exam tips and practice p80

Language reference and practice p86

Language Bank p!06

Irregular Verbs pill

3
JSTARTER
A message on an app

Read the conversation. How are Louise and Yanis

WELCOME! 4
spending the summer ?

VOCABULARY AND READING YANIS Hey! How’s the

Technology filmmaking course?
Are you enjoying it?
1 Q Complete the sentences with the words in
LOUISE It ’s great, thanks. And you? I hope
the box . you’re not getting bored .
apps devices emoji message YANIS I hardly ever get bored - I love getting new
screen social media ideas and dancing in front of the group.
LOUISE Don’t you sometimes feel embarrassed?
1 My grandparents haven’t got many electronic
YANIS Not at all! But I’m new to street dance, so
devices . .
I often get upset if I forget the steps What
2 Do your eyes get tired when you look at the kind of films are you making?
computer for a long time?
LOUISE We're not making a whole film until the end
3 We learn a lot about famous people by following of the course.I’m so excited about that!
them on YANIS So what do they teach you?
4 Bella sends her mum a text when she’s late LOUISE We’re learning to use different devices like
home. video cameras and music apps.
5 My favourite are Snapchat and BuzzFeed . YANIS Cool!
6 Which emotions can’t you express with an
LOUISE After lunch we usually write film scripts or

Feelings
practise doing make - up or costumes .
YANIS They ’re making a short video of our final

2 I Circle the correct words. -

show I’m a bit nervous about that!

1 Mason gets(embarrassed)/ excited when his mum

LOUISE Why ? You’re a great dancer! Hey, maybe
I can make a film about you one day!
puts his baby photos on Facebook .
2 I’m getting tired / excited about tonight’s party!
3 You always do well in exams so don’t be
nervous / bored.
4 Janek was so embarrassed / tired that he fell
o 5 .1r " Answer the questions .
1 How does Yanis show that he is confident?

asleep at his desk.

2 When does Yanis sometimes feel unhappy?
5 Mandy’s crying - what’s she upset / excited about?
6 We’re always so busy that we haven ’t got time to
3 What is Louise excited about?
get tired / bored .
3 Write an example sentence for the words 4 What idea does Louise have for a film?
below.
1 embarrassed
2 app
3 screen

4 STARTER UNIT
LANGUAGE IN ACTION
AND VOCABULARY Music
Present simple and present continuous
with adverbs of frequency 4 (Circle) nine more music words in the sound wave .
I Put the words in the correct order to make . osbasso ,
sentences . N
'V

1 ever / upset / gets / He / hardly /

He hardly ever gets upset. ^sregg*St
Match the definitions with words from
Aboard

2 steps / remember / 1 / the / don’t / always Exercise 4.

1 a loud, round instrument you play with your hands
3 embarrassed / dance / often / Do / when / get / you or sticks drums
/ you / ? 2 a person who plays music and talks on the radio or
at a club
4 music / the / films / We / for / write / the / sometimes 3 music popular in Jamaica with a strong rhythm

5 him / His / never / teachers / angry / get / with 4 an electric instrument similar to a guitar with low
notes
5 music and songs in a traditional style
! (Circle) the correct words.
2 6 an electronic instrument similar to a piano
1 She(s ploying)/ ploys a computer game now . 7 the artist usually speaks the words in this type of
2 I often feel / 'm often feeling bored at home . music
3 Does Mario sometimes send / Is Mario sometimes 8 people who love a band or musician
sending you photos?
4 The course is great: I 'm having / hove a great time . 6 Complete the advert with the words in the box.
5 I usually text f 'm usually texting my friend when I
DJ drums faf» heavy metal
can’t do my homework.
jazz rap

Present simple for future

Write questions and answers about the future.

3
1 What time / the lesson begin tomorrow ? / at nine Are you a big 1 fan of
V
y

4» music ? Do you sing like a

What time does the lesson begin tomorrow?
^
kfrCJk bird or is 3 more your
It logins at nine.
2 When / Tom arrive in Japan ? / tomorrow morning
• thing ( fan of Tinie Tempah
- maybe?). Do you play a
^ musical instrument like the guitar,
bass or 3 ? Or perhaps you want to be a
3 What day / we get the exam results ? / on Friday because you prefer to play records, not an
instrument? From relaxing, easy-listening 5
to fast, loud 6 , you can learn and practise it
all at MLA Music Summer Camp. Click on the link
4 When / your music lesson finish? / at midday below for more information!

STARTER U N I T 5
LISTENING AND LANGUAGE Past simple
IN ACTION Complete the sentences with the past simple
5
A conversation form of the verbs in brackets .
Look at the photo. Where are the people? 1 Ela wrote (write) a great song and ( sing)
1
it for us last night.
2 We (take) the dogs and (go) for a long
walk on the beach.
3 I ( know) you were here because I
(see) your coat .
4 she ( make) a CD for Luca 's birthday?
5 Marcus (not tell) us that he (have)
concert tickets for all of us.

Complete the sentences with the correct past

simple form of the verbs in the box .
be ( x 2) learn not enjoy p4ay
fall work

1 The heavy metal band played really loud music .

O 2 U Listen to the conversation. Why does Maria 2 We the words to all the new songs.
-
S 01
go to the event in Exercise 1every year ? 3 The students very hard before their exam.
4 Joe embarrassed when he on the ice.

Listen again. Are the sentences T (true) or 5 I the concert last night. It boring.
03
S.01
F ( false) ?
7 Write questions about Maria and MusicFest
1 The organisers of MusicFest sell the tickets in a
lottery.
.
from Exercise 2 Then write the correct answers .
T
2 Maria doesn’t pay for her ticket . © 1 the organisers of MusicFest / sent Maria a letter / ?
Did the organisers of MusicFest send Maria a tetter?
3 She works every evening.
4 Maria hears and sees all the bands .
.
No they didn't. They sent her an email
2 Maria / ask the organisers for a free ticket / ?
5 She loves the music, but doesn’t like the hot
weather.

0 4 ET Listen again. Why do Maria and Noel 3 Maria / get a ticket in the lottery / ?
S.01
mention the words in the box ?

excited fans reggae singers tired

4 Maria / work at the campsite in the evening last
excited: Noel says Maria looks excited. year / ?

5 it / rain all weekend at MusicFest last year / ?

6 STARTER UNIT
WRITING 4 Complete the Useful language phrases with
A review of an app
the words in the box.

1 Look at the advert . What do you think the app great language opinion Overall
does? problems recommend

1 -
WordFind is a Language learning app .
Great 2 It’s because you can use it anywhere.
3 I would definitely it to all English language
for every learners.
English language 4 , I think it 's a great app.
learner! 5 In my , there are a couple of with it.
4rtt •
2 Read Ben’s review and check your answer to .
* Write your own review of a language- learning app .
Exercise 1.
PLAN
5 Write notes about an app you use.
A WordFind is a great app for English language
learners, especially when you are studying What is it?
alone. Our teacher told us about it in class.
He said he uses it all the time, so I decided What’s good about it?
.
to try it Last week I downloaded it on my
phone and I love it !
What isn’t good about it?
B It’s good because the definitions are very
easy to understand. It tells you what each
What ’s your general opinion?
word means in simple English, and how and
when you can use it. You can also search
for a word by saying it. I can't always find a g Decide what information to include in each
word I'm looking for when I don't know how .
paragraph Use the information in Exercise 3 to
to spell it, so this is very useful. help you .
C In my opinion, there are a couple of problems WRITE
with it. It tells you where each word comes 7 ODD Write your review. Remember to
from and when people first used it, but include four paragraphs, the present simple
I’m not interested in the history of words. and present continuous, adverbs of frequency,
-
Also, it’s expensive there are lots of free and phrases from the Useful language box
dictionary apps, though maybe they’re not ( see Student ’s Book, p9) .
as good.
CHECK
D Overall, I think WordFind is a great app
because you can use it anywhere and it ’s
g Do you ...
• introduce the app in the first paragraph?
easy to use. I would definitely recommend it.
• write about good and bad things?
• give your general opinion?
3 Df. ..
Which paragraph (A- D ) .
1 explains the bad things about the app?
2 gives Ben’s general opinion?
3 introduces the app?
4 explains the good things about the app?

STARTER UNIT 7
 4 Complete the sentences with the opposites in
the box.

INSPIRED v anxious grumpy lazy shy silly

.
1 Martin isn’t calm today He’s anxious because of
his exam tomorrow .
VOCABULARY .
2 I don’t think I’m confident I’m usually quite
Describing people
3 My mother is always . She’s not cheerful
1 Find 11 more personality adjectives in the word at all.
search . 4 You’re so sometimes. Why can’t you be
A M ( CQ N F I P E N T) R more sensible?
M S A F D A S E G R E G 5 When she was young, my cat was always active .
B S L F E Y C U Z J X I Now she’s just
I E M I D T N V K C S N
T P R O F E N T U H O S 5 CD (Circle) the correct adjectives.
I A O B A E D C N E C P
O T R S C S S E D E I I
U I A C T O N F F R A R HOME ARCHIVE FOLLOW
S E N S I T I V E F B I
My sister, Alicia, is a very Confident)!
G N B E V R Y W B U L N
talented person because she’s
F T R S E N S I B L E G
always sure about herself and
N G H E L P F U L J W B
knows what she’s good at. In fact,
T A L E N T E D B N Y S
she’s quite 2aetive / ambitious -
she’s got lots of goals and things
2 Complete the sentences with words from
she wants to achieve. She 's also
Exercise 1.
smart and really ' patient / talented - she can play the
1 People think I’m confident , but I’m usually shy. piano and is very good at sport. The only ‘problem’ is
2 Paul isn’t very . He likes being alone. -
that she ’s not very 4cheerful / sociable she doesn’t like
3 Tyler is usually very .
He’s always smiling. going to parties and she doesn’t have many friends.
4 Kim and her brother are very different. He’s silly But if I have a problem, she’s always helpful / calm and
'
and immature, but she’s tries to solve it. Alicia is Sensitive f patient , too - she
doesn’t get angry, even when other people make really
5 It’s better to be and not panic in
big mistakes. My sister is my hero!
dangerous situations.
6 I’m very - 1 get upset easily.
3 Complete the table with the opposites of
words from Exercise 1. Q [ Explore it !
.
Guess the correct answer \
m- 1
sensitive im- 7
Scientists believe that people who are
un- 2 live longer than average,
3 a cheerful b confident c grumpy
4
Find an interesting fact about how to live longer
S and send the question in an email to a classmate
6 or ask them in the next class.

8 BE I N S P I R E D | U N I T 1
 ••
Home Posts Archives

READING
An article

1 Read the article quickly and answer the questions.

1 What is the name of the young man in photo A?

2 What is the name of the wave in photo B?

Match the words in bold in the article with the £

2
definitions .
1 very surprised amazed wD ® yir SIGHT
2 a physical or mental power to do something Derek Rabelo was born in Brazil in 1992. His father called
him Derek after a famous surfing champion, Derek
3 a person who teaches other people -
Ho his father’s favourite surfer. Derek’s father wanted
Derek to become a surfer, too, but there was a problem:
4 water that moves over the top of the sea unfortunately, Derek was born blind. His father's dream
to see his son surf seemed impossible!
5 very difficult
When Derek was 17, his father told him about his dream.
6 wanting to do something very much
From that moment, Derek was determined to try to
become a surfer. He went to the beach with his father
3 Are the sentences T (true) or F ( false) ? Correct every day and started taking surfing lessons with an
the false sentences. instructor. Derek kept trying and finally, he learned to
1 Derek’s favourite surfer was also called Derek. surf!
Derek explains that although he can’t see, he
F. Derek's father's favourite surfer was also called
understands the noises that the waves make and he can
Derek. hear them when they are coming. He says every part
2 Derek didn’t surf until he was a teenager . of a wave makes a different noise, so he knows which
.
direction to surf in
In 2012, he flew to Hawaii to surf the famous Banzai
3 Derek’s father taught Derek to surf. -
Pipeline one of the most challenging and dangerous
waves in the world. Local surfers were amazed to see the
confident young blind man surf the huge wave with no
4 Derek can hear which direction he needs to surf in.
problem at all.
While Derek was surfing in Hawaii, he met a film producer
5 People who saw Derek in Hawaii were very surprised. who believed that Derek had an amazing ability. The
producer decided to make a film about him. Beyond
Sight tells Derek’s inspirational story and teaches us that
6 Derek went to Hawaii to make a film with a nothing is impossible if you believe in yourself!
producer.

4 *3 E Answer the questions in your own words .

1 Why do you think Derek was determined to try
surfing?

2 What do you think inspired the film producer to

make a film about Derek ?

UNIT 1 | BE INSPIRED 9
 LANGUAGE IN ACTION 3 Write sentences with the past simple and past
Past simple and past continuous continuous and the words in brackets.
with when , while and as 1 I / sleep / you / call / me last night (when)
I was sleeping when you called me last night.
1 Complete the sentences with the past
continuous form of the verbs in the box. 2 he / finish / his book / he / wait / for the bus ( as)

do look not watch 3 we / live / in London / we / go / to lots of museums ( while)

rain sleep work

1I was sleeping at 11 o’clock last night. 4 she / not see / the car / she / cross / the street ( when)
That ’s why I didn’t check my emails.
2 It yesterday, so I didn’t go 5 I / not cry / 1 / watch / that inspirational film (while)
out.
3 My mum late at the office 6 they / say / goodbye / they / leave / the party ( as)
and came home late .
4 I for clothes online, but I
didn’t see anythingI liked.
©4 (Circle) the correct options .
5 What you in the
kitchen? I heard a strange noise.
6 She videos on the
computer - she was studying!

2 IB Complete the conversation with the

'

past simple form of the verbs in brackets .

EMMA Hey, Ben! Did you have (you / have)
a nice holiday?
‘
BEN Hmm, not bad 12 . (help)
my uncle in his shop .
EMMA Why 3 ( you / do) that? One day my wife was ill, so I
BEN Because my aunt 4
ill, and he 5
( be)
(not have)
. ^ rove)/ wos driving to the chemist
to get some medicine While 12walked / was walking back to the
car,I noticed that I didn' t hove / wasn't having my keys. They
time to go to the shop every day. were still in the car with my phone! I' kicked / wos kicking the
EMMA Wow! That ’s really kind of you . wheels of my car when a teenager Vos arriving / arrived on his
6 (it / be) difficult? bike and ' asked / was asking what was wrong. I told him the
story and I ' explained / wos explaining that we had another car
BEN Yeah. But my uncleT
key at home, but it was five miles away. The boy said, Til get
(give) me some money after, so
(buy) some new the keys’ and then ' gave / was giving me his phone to call my
I8
wife to explain what was happening. After 30 minutes, hevcame
clothes.
/ was coming back with the keys. As I ^opened / was opening my
EMMA Cool!
car, he rode away - before I could thank him!

5 Write a short paragraph in your notebook about a

time when someone helped you or you helped someone.
Use the past simple and past continuous .
1 0 BE I N S P I R E D | U N I T 1
VOCABULARY AND
LISTENING
Phrasal verbs

1 Circle) the correct options.

1 If you have a good relationship with
someone, you (get oft) / hang out with them .
2 When you look after someone who is old,
ill or very young, you cheer up / take core
of them .
3 When you spend time with friends, you A conversation
hong out / deal with them.
O3 Listen to the conversation. Why is Callum going to
4 When you try to solve a problem, you deal 1.01
a concert ?
with / dependon it.
a It’s a family member’s birthday,
5 If you respect and admire someone, you
.
look up to / give up them b He wants to help people,
6 When you make someone feel happier, you c It’s his weekend job.
cheer them up / hang them out .
7 When you stop trying to do something
because it is too difficult, you cheer up /
o O4
1.01
Listen again. Complete the notes with key words
and information.

give up.
8 When you need someone’s help and
support, you look up to / depend on them. Concert
• Takes place at : the sports centre
2 Complete the sentences with the
phrasal verbs from Exercise 1. • Brandon’s * ill in the past
1 I can’t go out tonight. I have a lot of
concert to make money for people
problems that I need to deal with . with same illness.
• Brandon wants to make a minimum
2 I sometimes my little brother
of £ J
for charity.
when my parents are not at home .
3 I can’t do this homework - it’s too difficult.
Charitu work
I j • Brandon made more than
4
£ last month for charity.
4 I really my mother. I think
she’s an amazing woman, and I'd like to be • Jobs he did: washed .cut
the same as her when I’m older. grass in gardens, took rubbish away.
5 I my sister for help and advice . • Worked every afternoon and
6
I often don’t know what to do without her .
6 My grandfather is feeling sad these days, so
I’m trying to him Callum mentions running a race, giving up
5
7 I usually with friends at the chocolate and cutting off his hair for charity. Think of three
park, or in a cafe. other ways to raise money.
8 Paula doesn’t with Susana 1
very well. They’re very different people . 2
3

UNIT 1 | BE I N S P I R E D 11
 LANGUAGE IN ACTION
used t o

1 Match sentences 1- 6 with a - f.

1 I used to live in the countryside. 0
2 I didn't use to like coffee.
3 I used to be really shy.
4 I used to like going to the gym .
5 I used to eat a lot of fast food.
6 I didn’t use to have many friends .
.
a Now I don’t have time
b Now I think it ’s unhealthy,
,
©3 Look at the photos Complete the sentences with the
correct form of used to .
1 I didn't use to like ice cream , but now I love it!
c I live in a city now.
d Now I have lots,
2 I , but I play tennis now.
e I’m much more confident these days,
3 I , but now I want to be a teacher.
4 I , but I have one now.
f Now I have a cup every morning.
5 I . Now I have a new one.
2 Complete the text with used to or
didn’ t use to. 4 Put the words in the correct order to make questions
with used to.
vN\i1111111
1 you / use / to / Did / mobile phones / have / ?
When I was very young, 11 used to Did you use to have mobile phones?
want to be a swimming teacher, because
2 did / How / communicate / with / people / use / to / you / ?
I loved swimming and 13
like our sports teacher. Sometimes,I
3
want to be an 3 free / in / your / What / you / did / use / do / to / time / ?
astronaut as well, because I really liked
.
space When I got older, I started to get 4 old / use / people / What / you / think / did / of / to / ?
interested in computers. We
have a good computer
at home, only a very old one, but then
5 C Complete the answers to the questions from Exercise 4.
my dad decided to buy a really good one. .
o
Use the correct form of used to and the verbs in the box
My parents 4 let me spend
much time on the computer - just a few be do have (x2) read send think ( x 2)
hours a week . When I was 13, 1 started
learning how to write my own games . 1 Well, no. I got my first mobile phone 15 years ago. Before
I6 know how to do that, we didn't use to have the internet or even computers .
that before, but I had a great teacher We a phone at home, of course .
at school who showed me how In the . 2 We letters, phone each other or just meet
future,I’d like to be a games developer! up a lot. Life calmer then.
3 I watched TV. I a lot of books, too. A lot
of people now go shopping. We that
because we didn’t have the money.
4 Good question! I about them at all!I
I couldn’t get old. I still don’t think I’m old!

12 B E I N S P I R E D | U N I T 1
WRITING 3 Complete the Useful language phrases in the
A letter t o a magazine letter to a magazine with the words in the box.

1 Read the competition details. What is the prize For view opinion Personally
for the best entry ?
4 Read the letter again. Are the sentences
••• T ( true ) or F ( false) ?

Competition! Write and tell us about a ^71

y The writer wasn’t very happy at her old school.
F
helpful person in your life who you think deserves
an award.As always, the winning letter appears 2 She went to a new school because her parents
online in next month’s edition and receives £ 100! wanted to live in the countryside.
Answer the following questions. 3 Her teacher asked her easy questions in class to
•Who is the most helpful person you know ? help her.
•What do/did they do to help you? 4 The writer thinks Mrs Davies should win the award
•Why do you think they deserve to win an award? because she helped build her confidence.

Read the letter to a magazine. Does the writer Write your own letter to a magazine.
answer the questions in Exercise 1 in the same PLAN
order?
5 Think of a helpful person you know.
What do/did they do to help you? Why should
they win the competition?
WRITE
The most helpful 6 Write your letter. Remember to
person 1 know is my include three paragraphs, past tenses, used
English teacher . to and phrases from the Useful language box
Mrs Davies. In my (see Student ’s Book , pl7 ).
opinion , she
should definitely win CHECK
an award . Here’s why. 7 Do you ...
• introduce the person in the first paragraph?
A few years ago, I used
• say why the person should win?
to go to a different school
and I liked it very much.
• use language for giving opinions?
Then my parents got new jobs
. In the
in a different city and I changed schools because ol
, I was shy and not at all confident .I I became more confident and sociable
new school
didn’t make any new friends . The only person who Mrs Davies!
really noticed this was Mrs Davies . She helped
In my ‘ , Mrs Davies deserves an
most
me by talking to me in the class, and
putting
award because she’s the calmest and sensitive
me in groups with other friendly students . She
patient teacher at our school . She ’s also
knew I could to help her
also often asked questions that she to people’s feelings and always wants
me, that She helped me in a difficult situation
students.
, I think and she also inspired me to like English
!

U N I T 1 | BE I N S P I R E D 13
 REVIEW
Circle; the correct prepositions.
1 I always looked up with / to my older brother when
I was young.
2 Don’t look so sad. Cheer to / up \
.
3 I might go out today It depends on / of the
weather.
4 I tried running five kilometres yesterday, but I was
tired and gave up / out after four kilometres .
5 You need to be very patient to deal with / on little
children.
6 Everyone gets in / on with John because he’s really
cheerful and sociable.
VOCABULARY 7 I was hanging out / on with my friends last night.
8 I used to take care with / of my little sister when
1 Match the people with the adjectives in the box. she was a baby .
active ambitious calm cheerful
LANGUAGE IN ACTION
confident helpful inspiring patient
sensible sensitive sociable talented Complete the sentences with the past simple and
3
1 She runs every morning and goes to the gym at the past continuous form of the verbs in brackets .
weekend, too! 1I (walk) to the shops when it
2 Mark always wants to do things for other people. (start) to rain .
2 My friend ( phone) me as
3 He never gets nervous. He always looks relaxed . (write) him a text .
3 What Harry and Abby
.
4 Sara can play the piano very well She’s also an (do) when they
amazing singer. (hear) the news?

5 Paula loves talking to people and making new 4 He (find) an expensive ring
friends . when he (clean) their house .
6 John is 100% sure about everything he does - he 5 We ( leave) Tom’s house when
believes he can do anything. Lisa .
( arrive)

7 I was 45 minutes late, but Ashraf didn't get angry at 6 As I (cross) the road, a woman
all! (hit) me with her bike!
8 We all look up to George. He’s an amazing person.

9 Kerry is always playing tennis. She wants to be a

professional player one day.
10 Linda is always smiling, even when everyone else
is sad or tired .
.
11 Be careful what you say to Hannah She gets upset
very easily.
.
12 Johann is a serious person He always says and
does the right thing.

14 B E I N S P I R E D | U N I T 1
 4 Complete the conversation with the correct form of used to and the verbs in brackets.
A How old is your brother now ?
B He’s nine .
A Wow! I remember him when he 1 ( be) a little baby .
B Yes. And I * (take) care of him, too! 13 (read) him bedtime stories!
A 4
( you / give) him food and put him to bed?
B No, I 4 (not do) that. My parents 6 .
(do) it He’s changed a lot. He really
7 (look ) up to me, but now he doesn’t!

CUMULATIVE LANCUACE

Complete the text with the missing words. (Circle) the correct options.
Q5
When my mother was younger, she 1 a singer,
12 this until recently! She 1 long,
blonde hair, and she 4 really strange clothes.
In her first year at university, shes some other
people who wanted to form a band. The other people
quickly 6 out that she was a really talented
singer, so they asked her to join in. She r
famous, or anything like that, but she had a lot of fun.
Unfortunately, I • any recordings of her singing,
They 9 phones or video cameras then, so I can’t
see what she looked like. It’s difficult to believe that my
mum used to be a singer, because she 10 very
serious and sensible these days! She’s got short, dark
hair and she 11 in a bank! Where did that young
pop singeru ?

1 a is b was being c was

2 a not know b didn ’ t knew c didn’t know
3 a was having b did have c used to have
4 a wore b was wearing c wear
5 a was meeting b met c meets
6 a found b find c were finding
7 a weren’t b wasn’t being c didn’t use to be
8 a haven’t got b have not c hasn’t got
9 a weren’t having b didn't used to have c didn’t use to have
10 a always b is always c always is
11 a works b usually works c work
12 a goes b went c go

UNIT 1 | BE INSPIRED 15
 VOCABULARY
a u&is
Visual and performing arts

1 Complete the visual and performing arts

.
words Then match the words with photos a-h .
1 filmmaking 0
2 s ee at
3 o e oay a e 0
4 _a .io e i n
5 s u p u e
6 p o o a Ji
O4 Match the people or things (1-6) with the
definitions ( a -f ).
7 a c i e u e 1 contemporary dance 0
8 i u _t a i o 2 fashion design
3 street art
2 Correct the sentences by changing the
4 filmmaker
underlined words.
5 sculpture
1 You see paintings and other art forms in a.
6 illustrator
performance.
2 A gallery is an inside or outside event where a making objects that represent things, people or ideas
you can see paintings and other art forms . b someone who draws pictures for books
c someone who creates movies for TV or cinema
3 An exhibition is the action of entertaining
d working with clothes, shoes and sometimes hairstyles
people by dancing, singing, acting or playing
e moving to music in a modern style
music.
f paintings, graffiti, etc. outside in urban areas
3 Match the beginnings of the words with

m
the ends to make the names of the people who
do an activity . Q [ Explore it !
Guess the correct answer .
danc illustrat Every minutes, people
around the world take more photos than
the whole of humanity took in the 1800s.
art a 2 b 10 c 45
sculpt
Find an interesting fact about an art form and
-ist send the question in an email to a classmate or
ask them in the next class.
filmmak
fashion design

16 WHAT IS ART ? | UNIT 2

READING
A magazine article

1 Look at the photo. What art form can you see and
where do you think it is?

2 Read the article from an art magazine and check

your answer to Exercise 1.

3 Match the words in bold in the article with the

definitions.
1 going under water sinking
2 people who work to protect the
environment
3 a dark orange - brown metal an art installation
4 put something into position
Sculptor Lorervzo Quinn is the first artist to Install
5 an ability to achieve something a work of art directly into the Grand Canal in
6 keep or maintain something in its position Venice. But who is he and what does his work
of art mean?
4 Read the article again. Answer the questions . Quinn was born in Rome, but he has lived in
1 Where did Lorenzo Quinn study art? Spain and in the USA. where he studied art.
In the USA. He hasn't always been a sculptor. He has also
been a singer and he has acted in films -
2 What are Quinn’s sculptures normally made from?
once as the painter Salvador Dali!
His sculptures have appeared at exhibitions
3 Which important problem does Support deal with? internationally. He usually works with metals
such as bronze, steel and aluminium. But
what inspired him to make visual art with two
4 How are the giant hands ‘helping’ the Ca’ Sagredo
enormous hands?
Hotel?
Together with many scientists and
conservationists. Quinn believes that the
5 How did Quinn's family help with Support ? Mediterranean Sea has risen and is still rising
because of climate change. Because of
: higher water levels in the Grand Canal, the
6 Who can do something about climate change,
historic city of Venice is slowly sinking, they
according to Quinn? believe.
The art installation, called Support, which
Quinn created for the Venice Art Biennale
5 Answer the questions in your own words . exhibition, warns us about the danger of rising
1 What’s your favourite form of art? Why do you like it? water levels in this amazing city. The two giant
: hands 'hold up' the famous Ca' Sagredo
: Hotel on Venice's Grand Canal .
Quinn used his son's hands as models for the
2 What other important issues does art often deal
huge sculptures, to show the potential of the
with? Think of two examples . i next generation.The message is that the future
is in their hands.
a

UNIT 2 I W H A T I S A R T ? 17
 LANGUAGE IN ACTION 4 QQ Complete the sentences with been or gone.
Present perfect with regular and 1 I’ve boon to the art shop. Look what I bought.
irregular verbs 2 Helena's into town but she ’s normally back
home by 5 o’clock.
1 (Circle) the correct options.
3 My parents have to Venice lots of times,
1 He has use /(used)bronze to make the sculpture.
4 We've to see the exhibition and we loved it.
2 Have / Has you watched that video about Dali?
5 He’s to the gallery. He’s meeting the artist.
3 They haven’t visit / visited many exhibitions.
4 I have never meet / met a street artist. 5 3C Write questions and answers.
5 Has / Have your art teacher taught you how to use 1 your brother / ever read / Death in Venice / ?
spray paint? No / see / the film
6 A: Have they visited the new gallery? Has your brother ever read Death in Venice?
B: Yes, they hove / haven’t . .
No he hasn't, but he has seen the film.

Complete the sentences with the present perfect 2 they / ever visit / Rio / ?
2
form of the verbs in brackets . No / be / to Sao Paulo
1 We have been (be) to a very interesting
exhibition.
2 She (not do) any contemporary 3 she / ever win / first prize in a competition / ?
dance . No / come / second
3 The children (make) some plastic
models.
4 I ( see) some lovely artwork today,
4 you / ever make / a video film / ?
5 you ( take) the artist's name and
No / take / some great photos on my phone
number ?
6 Safi’s mum .
( write) to her art teacher

3 Complete the sentences with the present

perfect form of the verbs in the box . 6 Complete the text with the present perfect
form of the verbs in the box.
be draw have make not see not write ) change ever have jew make train
1 The art installation has had an
enormous number of visitors.
2 We the new exhibition yet. JOIN OUR SALSA FREEDOM DANCE CLASSES!
Read what some of our students wrote about it:
3 Lorenzo Quinn any new
sculptures this year ? ‘My friends and 11 have joined many different
4 My favourite singer many good -
classes, but the salsa class is the best it ’s brilliant!’
songs this year.
‘ This is the best class 12 .Everyone is so
5 you ever a picture of welcoming. 13 some great new friends.’
a rabbit? It isn’t easy!
6 I never on a gondola ‘Salsa dancing 4 my life! My teacher
on the Grand Canal. Have you? in Colombia and the Caribbean and
her classes are fun and very exciting!

18 WHAT IS ART ? | U N I T 2
VOCABULARY AND
LISTENING
Music and theatre A conversation

1 Match the beginnings of the sentences

(1-6 ) with the ends ( a -f ).
1 The words of a song ©
2 A recording studio is where [J
3 The words an actor says
4 The audience are the people
5 You have an audition when
6 During a rehearsal

a who listen to the orchestra.

b you want a part or role in a play or show.
c are called the lyrics .
d you practise a play, concert or show.
e are called the lines.
f singers and musicians record their music. 04 Listen to Melanie and David talking about Alma

Circle the correct options.

2.01
Deutscher, a young musician. Answer the questions .
2 1 How does Melanie feel about Alma at the beginning of
1 When the (§rchestrd) / audience stopped
the conversation?
playing their instruments, we stood up
2 Does she feel differently at the end?
and clapped.
2 In the final show / scene, the friends say
05 C Listen again and answer the questions .
goodbye and the film finishes. 2.01
1 How does David know so much about Alma Deutscher ?
3 I really want the line / part of Romeo in
He watched a programme about her on YouTube.
the school production of Romeo and
2 What art form is Alma’s Cinderella ?
Juliet .
4 What’s your favourite type of part / show :
dance, music or theatre? 3 What musical instruments does Alma play ?

3 DC Answer the questions . 4 Where was the performance of Cinderella ?

1 Have you ever written lyrics for a song?
What was the song about?
5 How does Alma get some of her ideas and melodies?

2 Have you ever performed in a play or a

6 What activity is a waste of time, according to Alma?
show ? What part did you have?

3 Have you ever played in or been to see DD ; Find out about another talented young person like
6
an orchestra ? Which one? Alma Deutscher. Write a short paragraph about their life and
achievements in your notebook.

U N I T 2 | W H A T I S A R T ? 19
 LANGUAGE IN ACTION 3 DC Circle!: the letter for the correct sentence .
Present perfect with already , just , 1(A) I've already seen the art exhibition.
still and yet B Already I’ve seen the art exhibition.
2 A Dylan just has left for school.
1 Match sentences 1- 6 with a - f . B Dylan has just left for school .
1 My mum ’s just found her glasses. 0 3 A She hasn’t tidied her room still!
2 I haven’t seen that film yet .
B She still hasn’t tidied her room!
3 The show has already started.
4 A Have you bought the orchestra tickets yet?
4 She still hasn’t heard from Joel.
B Have you bought yet the orchestra tickets?
5 I’ve just had a second audition .
6 The children haven’t gone to bed yet . 5 A Lay and Eva have come back from the cinema just .
B Lay and Eva have just come back from the cinema .
a She hopes he calls soon,
b I hope I get the part, 4 Rewrite the sentences putting the words in
c Now she can see the stage,
brackets in the correct position .
1 Hey, the gallery has announced an exciting event, ( just )
d They’ll be tired in the morning,
e We’ve missed the beginning,
.
Hey the gallery hasjust announced an exciting event.
2 Have you heard about the Picasso exhibition? (yet)
f We’ve got tickets to see it tomorrow.

2 Look at the photos. Write sentences about

3 Someone has discovered an unknown painting, ( just)
what has just happened.

<3fTi 1 4 The gallery has bought it from a collector in Paris,

( just )
5 It seems they have agreed a fair price, ( already)

6 They haven’t told anyone how much they paid,

though, (still)

Put the words in the correct order to make

sentences and questions .
1 you / yet / seen / new / the / Shrek film / Have / ?
1 she / cut his hair Have you seen the new Shrek film yet?
She has just cut his hair. 2 art gallery / already / to / Enzo / the / has / gone / .
2 The children / finish school for the day
3 still / art project / finished / Susie / her / hasn’t / .
3 they / have a swim
4 audition / you / your / had / yet / Have / ?
4 he / make a cake
5 have / They / in town / just / held / an exhibition / .
5 the girls / see a funny film
6 three times / been / have / We / to / already / the
6 the boy / give her some flowers theatre / this month / !

2 0 W H A T I S ART ? | U N I T 2
WRITING 3 Which paragraph (A- D) ...
A review 1 gives a description of the band and its music ? &
2 explains what the reviewer liked / didn’t like about
1 . Circle)the correct answer.
Look at the photo it?
The New Dance School is ... 3 gives details of where you can see the band?
a a classical orchestra, .
c a group of dancers
4 explains who the band’s audience is?
b a music group.
4 (£irdg) the correct words in the Useful language
2 Read the review. Why does the reviewer phrases. Then check in the review.
recommend The New Dance School?
1 I’ve (neve?)/ ever heard anything like it before .
2 It’s in / on at ...
3 I recommend / recommending it because . ..
4 It’s the best performance I’ve ever / never been to.
5 How / Whot \ liked / didn’t like about it was ...
5 Read the review again. Answer the questions.
1 Who is the concert for, in the reviewer’s opinion?

2 What does the reviewer like best about the band?

Write your own review of a music concert.

A Have you seen The New Dance School yet' PLAN

I’ve never heard anything like it before.The 0 Make notes on a music concert you have
band is perfect for lovers of international music been to or seen on TV.
-its the best performance I've ever been to!
Where did you see it?
B The New Dance School’s music isn’t exactly
rock. It’s a bit like world music, but you can
Who was the concert for ?
really dance to it! The musicians are all really What was it like?
talented.They create powerful rhythms with What did you like / not like about it?
a number of different instruments, like sitars,
bongos and steel drums - it’s amazing. 7 Decide what information to include in each
paragraph. Use the information in Exercise 3
C What I liked about it was that the performers
to help you.
were so happy and there was a lot of
movement in their music.They make you feel WRITE
.
cheerful I was sitting in the audience, but I 8 DHO Write your review. Remember to
really wanted to get up and dance! include four paragraphs, the present perfect
and phrases from the Useful language box
D I saw them at my local village hall. It was so
cool! These musicians haven’t been together
(see Student ’s Book, p29) .
very long, but they have a big future! The next CHECK
New Dance School concert is on at the Edale
9 Do you ...
Music Festival, so don’t miss it. I recommend • describe the event?
it because the music has great energy and it • say who it is for?
makes you want to dance. • say what you liked / didn’t like about it?

U N I T 2 | W H A T I S A R T ? 21
M
 REVIEW

VOCABULARY LANGUAGE IN ACTION

1 Complete the sentences with the words in the box. 3 Write questions and short answers (affirmative or
negative) in the present perfect.
architecture contemporary dance exhibition 1 you / see the new Almodovar movie? ( / )
filmmaking illustrations performance
photography sculptures street art gallery
2 he / take photos of his sculpture? (/)
1 Eduardo goes to the cinema a lot because he’s
interested in 3 the visitors / come from all over the world? ( /)
2 Lorenzo Quinn makes of people and
things from different metals.
4 she / ever sing in front of a big audience? ( X)
3 I love , but you need a lot of energy
and rhythm to move your body to the music.
5 they / hear your new song? ( / )
4 The Louvre in Paris is the most famous art
-
in the world the Mono Lisa is there.
5 They saw a wonderful of paintings 6 you / have many exhibitions? ( /)
and sculptures by a local artist.
6 The in this book are in black and 7 she / be to that gallery before? ( /)
white, not colour .
7 We saw a of High School Musical at our 8 the show / win many awards? ( /)
local theatre - it was quite good.
8 I bought a new camera for my class.
I’ve taken some great pictures.
( n) a
9 is to design, plan and make buildings. 5 : a short performance that an actor,
dancer, etc. gives to show they can play a
10 Some is OK, but I really don’t like
particular part
graffiti. It looks messy.

2 Read the definitions and complete the words.

6 <" > 1 : the words of a song

1 (n) o : a big group of musicians w ho play (n) r : the time when all the people

J
7
different instruments together in a play, dance, etc. practise to prepare for a
performance
2 (n ) p : one of the people in a film, play or
8 ( n) I : the words that an actor speaks
dance
when performing in a film, play, etc.

3 ( n) s : a part of a play or film in which

the action happens in one place 9 (n ) s : a theatre performance or a
television or radio programme
4 (n) a
10 (n ) r : a place where a
musician makes and records their songs

22 WHAT IS ART ? | U N I T 2
4 Make the sentences negative using the words in brackets.
1 I've just done my homework , ( not yet) 5 The sculptor has explained his work, (still not)

2 He’s read that book already, ( still not) .

6 We’ve just bought your new CD (not yet)

3 We’ve been to Venice, (still not ) 7 She’s just met the photographer, (still not )

4 The performance has just begun, (not yet) 8 I’ve been into Paul’s recording studio, (not yet)

CUMULATIVE LANGUAGE

5 Complete the conversation with the missing words. ( jCircle) the correct options.

INTERVIEWER Hello and welcome. We’ve got some great music for you today, but 11 that one of our
most talented young singers, Lexi West, is in the recording studio. Welcome to London, Lexi!
LEXI Thanks! It ’s great to be here. Actually, 12 a house in the city. It ’s all very new and
exciting for me!
INTERVIEWER Yeah? Wherei live? You were born in Scotland, right? But of course you 4 all
over the world .
LEXI That ’s right. 15 back from New York, but while 1 * and working abroad,I
didn’t have my own place. 17 with my parents.
INTERVIEWER Was there a lot of music in your home when you 8 , Lexi? I believe your father
9
songs for you.
LEXI Yes, that ’s right. My dad was definitely my inspiration, but he was also very sensible. I
10
on TV as a teenager, but he never let me miss school! I still 11 his advice:
it ’s OK to be ambitious but don’t get impatient!
INTERVIEWER Well, Lexi, you 12 three number one hits, so you didn’t have to wait very long to be
famous!

1 a ’ve still heard b haven’t heard c ’ve just heard

2 a didn 't buy b ’ve just bought c was just buying
3 a did you use to b were you used to c use you to
4 a haven't travelled b ’ve travelled c weren’t travelling
5 a was coming b have already come c ’ve just come
6 a was singing b wasn’t singing c used to sing
7 a didn’t use to b was living c haven’t lived
8 a have grown up b grew up c were growing up
9 a has just written b didn’t use to write c used to write
10 a performing b was performing c have just performed
11 a used to forget b was forgetting c haven’t forgotten
12 a ’ve already had b haven’t had c were having

U N I T 2 | W H A T I S A R T ? 23
 3 Complete the spidergrams with words from
SPREAD Exercise 1 .
THE WORD!
with your face
with your voice
VOCABULARY
Communicating

1 Put the letters in order to make words with your

about communicating . in writing hands
1 tereg g r e e t
2 retgesu g
3 besiredc d
4 DC Complete the story with the correct form of words from
4 ptreertin
5 stpo
i
P
Exercise 1 .
6 eksha nsdah s h
I met my friend Kazue yesterday for the first time! Actually, I first
7 leims s
met her online about six months ago. She’s from Japan and now
8 vewa w she’s visiting my country with her family. 11 greeted her at
9 latsenrta I the airport when she arrived. In her emails, sheJ
10 wrheips w herself as quite small, but in fact she’s as tall as me. I also met her
11 tsuho s brother and her parents. I wanted to * hands with
them, but Kazue quietly 4 in my ear that Japanese
2 Complete the sentences with words people don’t usually do that when they meet. I already knew what
from Exercise 1 . her brother looked like, because Kazue sometimesi
1 A thumbs up sign is a that photos of him online. He was very friendly and he * a
gesture
means ‘good’ . lot. Kazue’s parents don’t speak English, but Kazue 7
everything I said into Japanese. Kazue and her family were tired
2 I don’t know what Jackie looks like. Can
and wanted to go to their hotel. I arranged to meet Kazue the next
you her to me?
day and we * goodbye as they drove away in a taxi.
3 Don’t speak loudly. Please
You’ll wake up the baby .
4 These instructions are in French.I need
Explore it!
someone to them for me .
5 There’s Lucy across the road Let ’s . Guess the correct answer .
.
at her Maybe she will see People originally shook hands because ...
us. a they wanted to find out how strong the
6 I only when I’m very angry. other person was.
7 Everyone understands when you b they wanted to show that they didn’t want to start a fight,
at them. It means you’re c they wanted to check that the other person had clean
happy . hands.
8 It’s good to comments
Find an interesting fact about greetings and send the
online and then wait for people to reply
question in an email to a classmate or ask them in the
to them.
next class.

24 S P R E A D THE W O R D! | U N I T 3
 READING
An article

ffjgl 1 Look at the photo. What emotions/actions do the

emojis show ?

2 Read the article and complete the paragraphs ( A D) -

with the headings (1-4) . Emoji
1 From Japan to the world 3 Japan’s alphabets
2 The most popular symbol 4 A world language the world’s most popular alphabet?
A
3 Find adverbs in the article with the meanings below.
Did you know that the Japanese language has three
1 in a good way ( paragraph A) well
alphabets? One alphabet , katakana, is mostly for
2 with no problems ( paragraph B) foreign words, like ‘pizza’ ( t tf ). This alphabet has 48
3 very much ( paragraph C ) characters, or letters and symbols. Another alphabet ,
hiragana , is usually for grammar words, like the
4 not how you expect ( paragraph D) word ending ‘ Ltt\ which changes a verb into the past

Read the article again. Are the sentences T ( true )

-
tense - similar to ed in English. Hiragana has 46
4 ,
characters. A third alphabet , kaiyi has about 50,000
'

or F ( false ) ? Correct the false sentences. different symbols. It is usually for verbs, adjectives
1 For verb endings like - ing , Japanese people use the and nouns. For example, tLf is the Japanese symbol
hiragana alphabet . .
for ‘mountain’ Often a piece of writing contains all
three alphabets at the same time! Learning written
T Japanese well can be difficult!
2 Katakana has got the most symbols. B
But there is another kind of ‘alphabet ’ from Japan ,
3 You can’t use more than one alphabet in one text. which everyone can easily recognise. You probably use
it a lot when you communicate with friends. It doesn’t
use letters, it uses emoji, which translates as ‘picture
4 The first emoji didn’t express many different feelings. character in English. We can all recognise emoji when
we see them. They show a huge range of feelings or
actions, from love and sadness to dancing and waving.
5 In paragraph C, ‘ones’ refers to people’.
C
The Japanese have used emoji
6 The writer hopes emoji will become an international
.
since 1999 Of course, these
language in the future. early emoji were very simple
and people could only use
them to show basic emotions.
5 Answer the questions in your own words. Since then , they have become more and more popular
around the world and the number of emoji symbols
1 Which emoji do you use most often ? Why?
has greatly increased - now there are nearly 3,000
official ones. Everyone can understand emoji it
doesn’t matter which country they are from.
-
2 Apart from using emoji , how else can we show D
emotions in text messages? And what is the most common emoji symbol that
people use? Surprisingly, it is not a smiling face or
a heart . It is the ‘tears of joy’ emoji , showing a face
laughing and crying happily. Perhaps in the future,
3 Is the alphabet in your language different from they will create an emoji for every possible emotion
English ? How ? and we will be able to communicate with anyone in
the world , only by using emoji symbols!

U N I T 3 | S P R E A D T H E WORD! 25
 LANGUAGE IN ACTION 3 Complete the blogs with one word in each gap.
can , could , will be able t o

1 Are these sentences about the post,

HOME ARCHIVE FOLLOW
present or future ?
1 Most people couldn’t send each other Julia
quick messages 30 years ago. past I 1 couldn’t play the piano very well when I was
2 It’s possible that we will be able to younger. I didn’t like practising because the piano
interpret any language on a smartphone .
was in our living room downstairs That meant
app. everyone had to listen to me when I played and
3 Animals can’t communicate in the same no one 2 .
watch TV or read Now I’ve got an
way that humans can . electric piano and 13 use headphones. It’s great
because my family 4 hear anything I’m playing! So
4 I couldn’t speak until I was three years now I’m practising a lot and 11 play quite well.
old.
5 I won’t be able to use my phone
in the mountains .
Liam
2 £ Complete the conversation with the I6 swim at all, but I’d like to. Last
correct form of con, could or will be able to summer,I went with my friends to the beach
and the verbs in brackets . and IT join in the fun in the water. That
made me feel sad, so I hope I ' be able
to start taking lessons in the next few months. I know
KIM 1
Can you toll ( you / tell) me why be able to swim like a fish after just a few
that I1
you didn’t reply to my email? lessons, but I just want to be confident in the water so that I
DAN Sorry! I was at my grandparents’ 10
be able to swim with my friends next summer!
house in the middle of the
countryside. 12 (not use)
Look at the information about Olga. Write sentences
my phone.
KIM Really? But you 1 (post)
©4 with the correct form of can, could and will be able to .
messages online. I saw them.
DAN Err, yes, but 14 (not check)
,
p ay
2
type
3
sleep ten
4
ask her
my emails. the piano quickly hours a parents for
night money
KIM Right, anyway, 5 ( you /
help) me practise my presentation when
tomorrow for next week ’s test? she was X /
DAN Sorry, I younger
* (not do) it then,
I’m really busy I 7 . (help) now / X X /
you now, though . in the
KIM Oh, 18 (not practise) now.I / X
future
haven't written anything yet.
1 Olga couldn't play the piano when she was younger,
DAN Well, we 9 (write) it
but she can now.
together now, if you want. What ’s
the topic of the presentation? 2

KIM How to communicate successfully! 3

4

26 S P R E A D THE W O R D! | U N I T 3
LISTENING AND VOCABULARY
A radio interview Collocations with say and tell

f) 1 DD Listen to a radio interview 3 Complete the flashcards with say or tell .

3.01
.
about dolphins Tick ( / ) the topics
that the people talk about .
1 dolphin communication and say
language hello a story yes/no
2 O dolphin greetings
3 _ the language of human babies
4
5
( dolphin body language
how quickly dolphins can swim
© © ©
6 O new technology sorry a lie ( something)
in Italian
02
3.01
.
Listen again Are the sentences
T ( true) or F ( false) ?
1 Sara thinks that all dolphins speak © © ©
the same language . P someone
2 Scientists believe dolphins have got
the truth a secret a joke
names.
3 Dolphins talk to each other at
the same time without stopping. I 4 r Complete the sentences with the correct form of the
collocations from Exercise 3 .
4 In one experiment, two dolphins 1 Can I tell you a secret ? But promise you won’t tell
spoke on a phone. anyone else .
5 Dolphins can communicate over long 2 How do you ‘ thank you’ ?
distances. 3 Let me you a about how I met my best friend.
6 Scientists have got the technology to 4 The interviewer asked me if I wanted the job. I , of
translate what dolphins are saying. course!
5 Maria says she hasn’t got any money, but I don’t think she’s
. She always wears expensive clothes.
6 I to your brother in the street, but he didn’t answer me
and continued walking!
7 Mike , but I can never make them sound funny,
8 I want to for shouting at you last week,
9 Ed just me a big . I’ll never believe him again!
Answer the questions .
1 Have you ever told a ‘good’ lie to help someone? What lie did
you tell?

2 When you have a secret, who do you tell?

3 How many languages can you say something in? Which languages?

U N I T 3 | S P R E A D THE W O R D! 27
 LANGUAGE IN ACTION Present perfect and past simple
Present perfect with for / since and
How long ... ? 3 Complete the joke with the past simple or
present perfect form of the verbs in brackets .
1 O (Circle) the best ending for each sentence.
4
(

^^ 1 I’ve lived here for

(a) two years .
2 I’ve had this phone for .
...
..
b I was 14 years old.
My friend 1 to\d
( tell) me a funny
joke this morning. I
(hear) a
a a longtime. b 2015 . lot of jokes in my
3 I haven’t eaten anything since ... life, but this one
a about three hours. b this morning. 3 (make)
4 I’ve been able to speak French since ... me laugh when I
4
(hear) it.
a 10 years ago. b I was a child.
A girl and her father 4 ( be) at the dinner
5 My best friend and I have known each other for ... table, having some soup. The girl 6 (ask )
a six years. b we started school her dad, ‘Dad, are spiders nice to eat?’ ‘ What a
together. horrible question,'* 7 ( say) the father. ‘Can’t
6 Max has been on the computer since ... you think of anything nice to say at dinner time?
a all day. b he woke up. Please let me eat. 18 (eat not ) anything
since this morning!’ The girl 9 (decide) to
2 Complete the questions with How long and the be quiet. They both 10 (eat) their dinner
present perfect form of the verbs in the box . in silence. Later, the girl’s father
“ ( ask),
‘Why did you want to know about spiders earlier ?’
be have know like Uve She replied, ‘Oh, there was a spider in your soup,
1
But it 12 ( go) now.’
A How long have you lived here?
.
B For about six months I really like it here It’s a .
4 Write questions with the present perfect or the
nice city.
past simple .
A So Emma and Kirsty are friends? 2
1 a you / ever / tell / a lie? Have you ever told a lie?
each other ?
b Who / you / tell / the lie to?
B Since they were about three years old. They’ve
been best friends for ages!
A I didn’t know Olivia liked watching tennis . c Why / you / tell / it?
3 it?
.
B For a long time She’s played in the school team 2 a anyone / ever / tell / you a secret?
since she was really young .
A I see that Will’s got a new bike . 4
it? b i t / a very big secret?
.
B For ages He needed a new one The old one was .
too small for him. c you / ever / tell / another person the secret?
A I’m sorry I’m late, everyone. 5 here?
B Not long. Don’t worry. We only got here ten
minutes ago . 5 OCJE Choose question 1or 2 from Exercise 4.
Write your answers.

2 8 S P R E A D THE W O R D! | U N I T 3
WRITING 2 Read the listicle again and complete the
A listicle sentences .
1 People pay more attention to you when you
1 E3 Read the listicle and Circle) the best title. use your hands and gesture, and make eye contact .
1 How to communicate with people from other 2 lets the listener know how you are
countries feeling.
2 How to be a good language learner 3 Good communicators listen and
3 Howto be a better communicator 4 It’s a bad idea to not tell the truth when you meet
4 How to tell jokes people because
5 Telling jokes helps the listener to be

3 Circle! the correct meanings for the Useful

language words and phrases.
1 over the last few years(recentfy)/ since I was a baby
2 since at the moment / from a specific time in the past
3 before earlier / aftersome time has passed
4 later on after some time has passed f recently
5 all my life since I was born / at the moment
6 these days at the moment / earlier
Over the last few years,I’ve learned a few things and now
.
I can communicate muchbetter than before Here are my 7 soon earlier / in the very near future
top five tips.
• Use body language Write your own listicle .
Use your hands and gesture to make a point, and
always make eye contact. Since I started doing this, PLAN
people have paid a lot more attention to me! Choose one of the other titles from
4
•your
Use intonation Exercise 1for your listicle and write some
tone of voice, that is how it sounds, shows your notes .
feelings.If your voice sounds flat and bored, your listener
will be bored, too! Before.Ididn’t use to think about Title
intonation, but now I understand that how you say Introduction
something is very important. A list of five tips
• Be a good listener A short ending
Good communicators listen. Of course, say what you
want to say. but later on. ask questions to find out WRITE
what the other person is thinking. Write your listicle. Remember to
5 K-
• Be yourself! include an introduction, five tips and a
Most people can tell when someone is telling a l«e. All my short ending, con, could , will be able to and
.
life I've never been very confident or sociable. Be honest the correct past tenses, and Useful language
and don't try to appear more confident than you really are. words and phrases .
Always be yourself.
• Tell jokes CHECK
Smile and try to find the funny side whenever you 6 Do you ...
can - this will make your listener more relaxed. This is • have an interesting title to interest the
especially important these days, when the world can reader?
be such a serious place. • have an ending to make the reader think?
Try to use some of these helpful tips and you’ll soon be
able to sec the difference it makes!

U N I T 3 | S P R E A D THE W O R D! 2 9
 REVIEW

VOCABULARY

1 (fircleythe correct words .

People ' greet / gesture each other in many

ways when they meet. All around the world,
it 's very common to 2whisper / wove when
you want to attract someone’s attention, and
'
then simply smile / shout to show that you are
happy. If we don’t do this, then the other person
might 4interpret f translate your serious face as
meaning that you don’t want to meet them.
Perhaps the most common way to say hello in
Europe and North America is to Hvove / shake
hands. In other places, like Japan, people bow
( move their head and body forwards). In the
LANCUACE IN ACTION
Philippines, some people perform a 6gesture f
shake called mano (this Spanish word 7posts / 3 Tick ( / ) the correct sentences and correct five
translates as ‘hand’ into English), putting the incorrect sentences
other person’s hand on their head. In some 1 I can swim when I was only two years old .
cultures, people put their noses together when
they meet. In Costa Rica, however, people
2 I think I can to be able to get a good job
^shout / whisper ‘Ooooooooopppe!’ in a very
loud voice when they meet!
in the future .
3 I couldn’t come to the party last night
because I was ill .
2 Complete the sentences with the correct form of
say or tell .
4 Will you be able to phone me when you
1 Can I you a secret?
get home?
2 I’d like to know how to ' 1 love you’ in
Italian.
5 I can’t speak English until I went to school.
3 When you don’t want to do something, you can
always no.
4 I know I said I was 16, but I wasn’t the 6 Can you watch TV late at night at the
truth. weekend?
5 Paula didn’t hello to me at the party.
6 George me the story of how his parents 7 The school will be able let me know about
met. It was really funny. my exam results next week .
7 I’m not very good at lies - my face always
goes red! 8 Now I could speak Italian well, but in the
8 Mike a really terrible joke and no one past I couldn’t.
laughed.

3 0 S P R E A D THE W O R D! | U N I T 3
4 Complete the sentences with the past simple or present perfect form of the verbs in brackets .
1 I ( live) in London for about ten years - I love it here.
2 Before you came to London, how long ( you / live) in New York?
3 It ( be) 50 years since the first man stepped on the Moon .
4 They (not learn) much Russian in Moscow - they were only there for two months,
5 My sister (not finish) reading that book, but she will soon .
6 I (not do) any exercise last week, so I want to do lots this week .
.
7 You and Frank get on really well How long (you / know) him?
8 I can’t play football this afternoon because I (fall) off my bike yesterday.

CUMULATIVE LANGUAGE

5 Complete the text with the missing words. Circle the correct options.
'

i heard the story The Boy Who Cried Wolf ? The parents of a young boy
asked him to look after their sheep on a lonely mountain. The boy 2
yes, but he soon found that it was a very boring job. After about four hours, he
decided to do something interesting. He started shouting, ‘Help! Wolf!’ There
no wolf, of course, but his parents came running.
‘Where ’s the wolf ?’ they asked.
‘Sorry!’ said the boy, ‘14
The parents 5 very angry and went back to the village. A few hours
6
when suddenly the boy saw a real wolf ! ‘Help! Wolf!’ he shouted. But
this time, no one came. They thought it was a joke again! This 7 an old
story, but the message is still relevant. For example, once I * to go to
school, so I told my parents I was ill.I don’t 0 tell lies, so they believed
me and I didn’t go to school that day. But unfortunately, the next week,I really
was ill. My parents didn’t believe me this time and 110 stay at home - I
felt terrible! 111 lied since then! So remember: don’t tell lies, because
one day you cry wolf when you really need to!

1 a Have you ever b Have ever you c Haven’t you never

2 a is saying b said c told
3 a is b were c was
4 a was joking b joke c have joked
5 a was b were c have been
6 a are passing b have passed c passed
7 a has been b is being c is
8 a didn’t want b didn’t wanted c couldn’t want
9 a usually b never c sometimes
10 a won’t be able b couldn’t c can’t
11 a don’t b didn’t c haven’t
12 a can’t b couldn't c won’t be able to

U N I T 3 | S P R E A D THE W O R D! 31
*Y
 4 DO (Circle) the correct options.
HEALTHY BODY,
HEALTHY MIND

VOCABULARY
Health and fitness

1 Complete the words and phrases with the vowels ( a, e,i, o, u).
1 swe at 8 h v f v r CARO Hey, Azra! Do you want to go
2 c gh 9 g t II (Jogging) / sweating in the park ?

3 r I x 10 g t str ss _ d Meet me there? '

4 tr n 11 w rm p AZRA Sorry,I can't.I’m getting 2better /
stressed about my exams.
5 sn z 12 w rk t
CARO Oh, come on! Working lout / in
6 g t b tt r 13 g t n_ gh si p
will be good for you!
7 g j gg g
" AZRA I have a * sneeze / fever too I’m
really hot and I feel terrible
.
.
2 Tick ( / ) the words or phrases which are in the correct
column and put a cross (/ ) next to the words in the incorrect CARO Oh, no ! But it isn’t a good idea
column. Then write one extra word for each column. to do school work if you want
to get better / stressed.
-

AZRA I know ... anyway, you’re

HEALTH FITNESS
'marathon
’ training / relaxing for the
1 cough 0 7 go jogging - it ’s
very difficult
2 get better 8 have a fever to run with you! V I
3 workout , 9 train .
CARO OK Get enough 7exercise /
sleep. Don’t study all night!
4 relax 10 sneeze
AZRA OK, and don’t forget to *work
5 warm up 11 get enough sleep
out / warm up before running.
6 12 You hurt your leg last time!

3 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the

words from Exercise 1.
Explore it!
4,
1 Is it true that you can’t sneeze with your eyes open? Guess the correct answer .
2 Sam is for a half marathon at the moment. Almost half of all the bones
.
3 A Isabel can’t come today She’s not feeling very well . in the human body are in the
hands and feet / legs and arms /
B Oh, no! I hope she soon!
head and bock.
4 He a lot when he exercises. His clothes get
very wet! Find an interesting fact about exercise
and the human body and send the
5 Remember to before you run or do exercise,
question in an email to a classmate or
especially in cold weather.
ask them in the next class.
6 Don’t about your exams - relax, you’ll be OK !

32 HEALTHY BODY . HEALTHY MIND | UNIT 4

 READING
Online FAQs

1 Match the photos ( a- d ) with the FAQs and

answers (1-4).

••• Home News FAQs

Read some of our FAQs about keeping fit and

healthy during the school week and study sessions.

1 Q What can I do to get active during a school day and .

4 Q There is too much noise and stress in my life How can I
when can I do it? get a little qmet time?
A Getting exercise on a school day can be easy. Not .
A One word: yoga The practice of yoga is hundreds of
enough people cycle or walk to and from school. And if years old and when you find a little time between studying
that takes too much of your time, then use your lunch and exams to relax in this way, you can concentrate better .
break to exercise or join a sports club after school. It’s free and it 's easy to do alone!
2 Q I spend too much time sitting at a desk and not [ 5W
! .' < * 11 !.

enough time on my feet. What can I do?

A We spend too many hours sitting at a desk or in front of 3 Read the online FAQs again and answer the
a screen , Standing up exercises many different muscles questions.
These muscles can become weak when we don't use 1 What times of the day can students do exercise,
them enough. You can now buy adjustable desks, which according to the FAQs?
you can make higher so you can stand up while working.
Before and after school and at lunchtime.
It ’s a good idea to stand and walk around every half an
2 What can happen to the body when we don’t stand
hour during long study sessions.
up regularly?
3 Q What are fitness balls and how can they help me?
A Some people say they feel too silty sitting on a big
3 How often do you need to move around when
plastic ball. But fitness balls are a great way to work
out, as they help to build the muscles in your back
studying?
.
and stomach .. all while you’re sitting down! A fitness
ball for home study is perfect for long hours sitting 4 Why is the fitness ball unpopular with some
at a desk. people?

5 How can a fitness ball help your body?

2 3 i Match the words in bold in the online FAQs
with the meanings.
6 Which activity can students do to relax, according
1 you need these to carry heavy objects muscles to the FAQs?
2 the opposite of strong
3 where food goes in the body
4 the part of a computer where you see words or 4 Answer the questions.
pictures 1 Which of the things in the FAQs have you tried?
5 if something is this, you can change it to make it
better. 2 Think of one more FAQ about young people’s
6 the part of the body which is opposite to the front health and fitness.

UNIT 4 | HEALTHY BODY . HEALTHY MIND 33

 LANGUAGE IN ACTION 4 DC Match the meanings ( a- e ) with the
Quantifiers sentences (1- 5 ) in Exercise 3.

Complete the sentences with much or many .

a He/ She’s too young, 0
I b They ’re too short ,
1 Kyliedidtoo much exercise yesterday and now
she’s very tired.
c They’re not quiet enough. Q
d It ’s not high enough,
2 Is it possible to have too fun at the weekend ? ~

3 There were too people in the pool, so we

e There are too many people. fl
didn’t swim.
5 DC Complete the online post and its
4 Everyone I know has too work to take winter response with the phrases in the box.
holidays.
5 Skiing costs too money for most students, a few problems enough strength
not enough answers not enough options
6 Too students get stressed at exam time.
too many questions too old too young ( x 2)
2 Match the beginnings of the sentences (1- 6) with
the ends (a- f ) .
1 Swimming is great, but only a few 0
•••
2 Please give me a little more
Young Teen Health FORUM
Posts:
3 Relaxing is hard: I need a little
4 Our nearest gym is a few I'd like to see more advice about health and
5 It’s very hot, so take a little fitness for boys on this website. There are
6 Standupforjustafew too many questions from teenage girls
and 2 for boys. What advice can you
a minutes every half an hour, give young male teens for a regular work out?
b kilometres away, Ahmet

c schools have got swimming pools,

Thanks for your comment, Ahmet! Teenage
d water with you. boys can also have 3 with their body
e help from my yoga teacher, image as they are growing up and changing.
f time to finish my homework. Fitness for boys is easy when you're young,
but the early teenage years can be
3 Put the words in the correct order to make complicated. You feel you're 4 to
sentences. play silly games with friends but 5 to
work out in the gym with older guys. Perhaps
1 long / school / aren’t / enough / days / Normal
you haven't got 6 yet to join an adult
Normal school days aren t long enough.
'
sports team. But you' re never
7
to
2 noisy / My / too / friend ’s / are / dogs exercise regularly. If there are 0
where you live, think about running or parkour,
or working out at home . Hope this helps!
3 enough / I’m / drive / can’t / not / because / 1 / old

4 her / Nasrin / desk / too / says / low / is

5 everyone / aren ’t / chairs / for / There / enough

34 HEALTHY B O D Y. HEALTHY M I N D | U N I T 4
VOCABULARY AND LISTENING An interview
Healthy eating
O4 5 K Listen to an
4.02
1 Complete the puzzle. Use the clues. interview about ‘ Blue
Zones’. Number the
D A I R Y P R 0 D U C T S topics the speakers
mention in the order you
hear them (1- 4 ).
J regular exercise
"

a |_
b ) the Mediterranean
diet
c (T) centenarians
|
d _ eating food from
1 These foods usually come from milk .
the sea
2 You can study this to learn about food and a
healthy diet .
3 We get most of our energy from these. You find
them in bread and pasta.
Ikaria r »
4 There is a lot of this in cheese and chocolate.
5 This helps food pass through the body.
Sardinia
^ Okinawa >>
6 We get these natural substances from fruit ( C) or
sunlight (D).
7 A good mixture of many food types.
8 We count these to find out how much energy
4
there is in our food .

2 (£irde) the correct definition for the secret word

(in grey) in Exercise 1. O5 Listen again and circle the correct answers.
4.02
a They help your bones to grow longer, 1 A Blue Zone is a place where people often ...
b They help your body to grow stronger, a become large, (b) live to an old age.
c They help your heart to work. c eat seafood.
2 Philippa was surprised because many Blue
03
4.01
Underline the words that are the same Zones are ...
or similar in your language - notice any
a very big. b in Asia. c islands.
differences in spelling. Then listen to the
English pronunciation . 3 The food tofu is very high in ...
1 A balance between mental and physical health a carbohydrates , b calories. c protein.
is important . 4 Philippa says people in the Mediterranean
2 We know that calcium is good for our bones. often eat ...
3 Do you know why cereals are good for you ? a too much meat , b very little fat.
4 Our sports lessons always end with a fun c a lot of sweet things.
activity. 5 Philippa thinks that ... also important for a
long life.
a family and friends are b working outside is
c getting up early is

U N I T 4 | HEALTHY B O D Y . HEALTHY M I N D 35
 LANGUAGE IN ACTION 4 Complete the web article with the
should , shouldn ' t and ought to phrases in the box.

1 Look at the photos. Complete the sentences ought to check ought to kf>ow
with should or shouldn' t and the correct verb . ought to start should drink should be
should take shouldn’t carry
shouldn’t spend

VT /

p tips for a r ad trip - by bike!

/
Planning a road trip by bike? Here's what you
1
ought to know to stay fit and healthy! Vs.
2
Your bike light enough because
if it 's too heavy, cycling becomes difficult in
hot weather. But you 3 that it's big
-
enough for you a bike that's too small soon
gets uncomfortable .
You 4 too many things with you. Too
1 You should eat enough fruit.
\ many bags slow you down, so yous
2 You too much coffee, two small bags, maximum. You 6
lots of water, so take a one-litre water bottle.
3 You too much chocolate,
You 7 too much money on maps:
4 You enough fish,
paper maps are heavy. Download maps onto
5 You too many sweet drinks, your smartphone before you leave home.
6 You enough vegetables. And finally, you 8 early in the day -
before it gets too hot! tri
2 Complete the sentences with should, shouldn ' t or
ought .
1 If you’re always late for class, you should get up earlier .
2 People who can’t get up
3 Ilona can’t relax: I think she
4 Our teacher said we
because it’s hot today.
go to bed so late,
to do yoga .
to eat our lunch outside
> S

5 You give chocolate to dogs - it’s bad for them, I

6 We eat more tofu because it’s full of protein .
5 Choose one of the topics in the box
3 Underline and correct one mistake in each sentence. and write three pieces of advice. Use should /
1 You don’t look well; perhaps you shouldn’t see a doctor. ought to and shouldn' t .
should
2 Our fridge is empty so we ought go to the shops . eating more healthily
preparing for an exam
3 You should worry so much about your exams . writing an essay
4 What should I to do to get fitter ?
5 He oughts to eat more protein. 1
6 You shouldn’t to eat unhealthy food if you want to live to 2
be 100. 3

3 6 HEALTHY B O D Y . HEALTHY M I N D | U N I T 4
WRITING 2 Read the post and response again. Answer
A post o n a forum the questions.
1 Why doesn’t Carlos’s grandma want a pet?
1 C Read the post on a forum and the
She thinks she's too old.
response. Who does Carlos want to help?
2 How can pets help with stress?
What does Tom suggest?

3 Where should Carlos find out about a therapy pet?

4 Why is a therapy pet a better option for Carlos’s grandma?

Forum:
All things animals
3 (Circle) the correct options in the Useful language
Posts:
phrases. Then check in the forum response.
...
Carlos: My grandma
lives alone now. She
1 You would / (
^oM } always ask

2 Have you ever tried sitting / sit . ? ..

sits and thinks about
the past, and gets
3 This / That way, your grandma can relax ...
.
stressed about her health Ithink she 4 Why don' t / not you look ... ?
.
ought to get a cat or a dog but she 5 l can recommend to try / trying ...
thinks she's too old. What do you think?

I Write your own response to a post on a forum.

.
Tom @ the Den: Hey great that you’ve
-
written to me thanks! We all have PLAN
stress in our lives and especially old Write notes on the problem below or use your
people living alone. Pets make people
4
own ideas. Include a greeting, thanks, advice and
.
feel happier and more relaxed In fact ,
reasons for your advice.
did you know thot they can also help
with stress? Have you ever tried sitting
‘Please help! I’m drinking two litres of cola a day!
with a cat or walking a dog when you're
I know it’s bad for me, but I think I’m addicted to
stressed? It really helps! Why? Stress
the sugar and caffeine! What can I do?’
often causes high blood pressure and
just being near an animal can help to
lower it.I think your grandma should WRITE
definitely try having a pet. If she likes Write your response. Remember to use
dogs, for example, but doesn't want to
5
should , shouldn' t , ought to , quantifiers and Useful
.
keep a dog os a pet I can recommend
language phrases.
.
trying a therapy dog There are specially
trained dogs that can visit old people CHECK
with their owners or volunteers Your . Do you ...
grandma can enjoy the dog without 0
worrying about it ! Why don't you look • have a greeting?
online for o therapy pet centre near you? • give advice with reasons?
Or you could always ask at your local • use an informal style?
vets - they ought to be able to help.
.
That way your grandma can relox and
beat stress .

UNIT 4 | HEALTHY BODY. HEALTHY MIND 37

 REVIEW

VOCABULARY

1 Look at the photos and (circle the correct

options.

2 Match the beginnings of the sentences (1 8) -

with the ends (a -h) .
1 Nutrition is the food we eat
2 Hamburgers, ice cream and chocolate
1 sneeze / cough 5 warm up / sweat
3 The number of calories in food
4 Carbohydrates give us
5 Protein helps our bodies
6 Fruit and vegetables contain
7 A balanced diet
8 Lots of fibre is good for the stomach

a tells us how much energy it has .

b to grow and be healthy and strong,
c a lot of vitamins A and C.
d and how our body uses it. 2 sneeze / cough 6 hove a fever /
get enough sleep
e the energy we need to move,
f have a lot of fat in them,
g and travels through the body quickly,
h is eating a good variety of healthy food.

LANGUAGE IN ACTION

3 (Circle) the correct options.

1 Is there little / enough food for everyone or
should I cook more? 3 go jogging / warm up 7 sweat / worm up
2 We don’t use too many / much milk
products in our restaurant .
3 Owen’s just gone out to buy a few / a little
eggs.
4 We all need to relax and have much / a little
fun.
5 My baby sister isn’t old enough / enough old
to make her own breakfast.
6 This article gives you a little / few ideas on
healthy diets.
4 relax / get ill 8 get stressed /
get enough sleep

3 8 HEALTHY B O D Y . HEALTHY M I N D | U N I T 4
4 Complete the sentences with should, shouldn’t or ought .
1 What we eat to grow stronger?
2 The children to eat fewer crisps and sweets,
3 A balanced diet to have a little of everything,
4 You drink coffee at night - it stops you from sleeping,
5 How much exercise we do?
6 You eat more than you need.

CUMULATIVE LANGUAGE

5 Complete the conversation with the missing words. Circle) the correct options.

INTERVIEWER You ’ve just completed a marathon, well done! I’m sure you’re tired, but 1
to answer a few questions?
BERNADETTE Sure, I just need 2 .
water OK, so yeah, it was a great run .
INTERVIEWER It was! You 3 a runner, did you? Tell us how it started.
BERNADETTE I often got ill when I was younger and I wasn’t 4 to do sport,
,J
INTERVIEWER That ’s hard to believe! You’ve a marathon in record time!
BERNADETTE As a child I spent 6 time in bed and I really wasn’t fit at all.
INTERVIEWER Not enough young people exercise as much as they 7 to. What changed
for you?
BERNADETTE One day, my mothera a TV programme about foods that some people
eat because it makes them ill. We later discovered that 110
eat bread or anything with gluten in it.
INTERVIEWER And what n then?
BERNADETTE I changed my diet right then and 112 gluten since then.I felt better,
started doing sport and the rest is history!

1 a can you b will you be able c should you

2 a too much b a few c a little
3 a didn’t use to be b used not to be c didn’t used to be
4 a enough strong b too strong c strong enough
5 a just completed b still completed c yet completed
6 a enough b too little c too much
7 a should b ought c shouldn’t
8 a is seeing b has seen c saw
9 a can’t b can’t to c can
10 a shouldn’t to b shouldn’t c ought to
11 a happens b happen c happened
12 a didn’t eat b haven’t eaten c still didn’t eat

U N I T 4 | HEALTHY B O D Y . HEALTHY M I N D 3 9
 SAVE OUR A
5

PLANET! T

VOCABULARY
Planet Earth

1 Complete the crossword. m

Use the clues .
DOWN 'l'
1 We usually separate our paper, plastic and food
...
into different bins . Complete the notes with words from Exercise 1.
.
2 I try to save . . at home - I always turn off the
lights when I’m not using them.
^
3 Cycling or walking is better for the ... than
. Things we should reduce
' dioxide that we produce
travelling by car
5 Governments want to reduce the carbon ... (or •the amount of .carbonwater -
and noise less traffic )
1
(e.g air,
CO 2) that their countries produce.
•‘ .
(e.g plastic and food )
(e.g. rising
8 We all live on the ... Earth. •the effects of " and seas)
ACROSS
temperatures
op .
that we use (e g. electricity
4 Tigers are an ... species. It’s possible they will
•the amount
and gas
)
all die in a few years.
Things we need to protect or
save
6 There used to be a lot of ...
near here, like birds
(the air , our water , etc .)
and butterflies, but not now . •the 6

(e.g. fish and other sea animals

)
• 7

- onelj
7 Trees produce ... for us to breathe. •the " . Earth (our home we only have

8 Traffic causes a lot of air ... in cities. •all animals , but especially
9 ... change causes hotter weather around the tigers and gorillas )
(e.g.
world.
10 ... power from the sun produces a lot of
electricity in hot countries. Circle the correct words.
3
11 Plastic in the sea is bad for all . life, ..
from large whales to small fish. We face many environmental problems, such as rising
a levels of Carbon) / oxygen dioxide in the air, which cause
Explore it! pa 3
climate / planet change. Plastic is also a big cause of
Guess the correct answer . ’ pollution / waste. Every year, we put lots of plastic "energy /
waste into our seas and oceans. This is a huge problem
How much of the plastic that we use
for' endangered / marine life. It ends up in the stomachs
every year ends up in the seas and oceans?
of fish, which bigger animals then eat, including us. Many
a 1% b 5% c 10% animals are therefore becoming 6endangered / marine. But
Find an interesting fact about pollution in the plastic gets everywhere on the ’planet / environment . Even
sea and send the question in an email to a high mountains now have millions of tiny pieces of plastic
on them, carried there by the wind.
classmate or ask them in the next class.

40 SAVE OUR PLANET! | UNIT 5

 •••
News Swcft

Home News Articles Sign in .

,1 »' o

READING Most of us have used straws. They are useful and 1 they can be fun to
A news story .
drink with When we get a cola or juice from a cafe or restaurant, for
example, it often comes with a straw, 3 . We usually
1 Look at the photos and read the .
use them once and then dispose of them immediately In fact, people in
news story quickly. (Circle1 the best the USA use 500 million every day. That ’s enough straws to go around the
.
title planet 2.5 times!
a Why we should use drinking straws The big problem with straws is that many of them *
b The history of drinking straws Europeans recycle only about 30% of their plastic, and straws are in the top
ten items of litter found on beaches every year.
c The end of drinking straws?
The good news is that 4 . More and more big
companies arc deciding not to use straws, or to provide them only
when customers have asked for them. The US city of Seattle has already
put a ban on straws, and the European Union wants to do the same
by 2030. Scotland plans to do this in 2019. Even the British Queen
s

So, it is possible that plastic drinking straws will soon be a thing of the past.
Many people believe that we can continue to protect our environment
by also reducing all the other plastic objects that we only use once .

2 DO Complete the article with the missing X *I

.
sentence parts (a - f )
a end up in the seas and oceans, as waste
b such as bags, cups or bottles
c they can be fun to drink with
d people are starting to do something about the
problem
4 What do these numbers in the news story
e including when we haven’t asked for one
describe?
f has decided not to have plastic straws in any of her
1 30 The amount of their plastic,in percent, that
houses
Europeans recycle.
3 Match the words in bold in the news story with 2 500 million
the definitions. 3 2.5
1 things on a list items 4 2019
2 put something in the bin after we have used it 5 10

3 an official law that stops something from 5 Apart from a ban, how can we reduce the
happening number of plastic straws people use? Write three
ideas.
4 use something again, or change it into something
different
5 small bits of rubbish in public places

UNIT 5 | SAVE OUR PLANET ! 41

 LANGUAGE IN ACTION 3 OH Complete the text with the verbs in the box .
The first conditional
act continue is might be
1 Circle' the correct options. might -not see will need
1 If I(gee) don 't see any litter on the beach, I'll sA
pick it up. If you drive somewhere on a summer’s night and check the
2 I won’t use my bike tomorrow unless / if it’s front window of your car after, you 1 might not see many
.
raining I don’t want to get wet. . .
dead insects on it This doesn’t sound like a problem In fact,
3 Unless we use / don't use alternative forms of ifyourcar 2 clean, you will probably be pleased .
energy, we will create more air pollution . However, this is a worrying sign. Over the last 30 years,
.
numbers of insects have fallen by 75% But if there are fewer
4 If you will leave / leave your computer on all
flies and mosquitoes in the future, the worldJ a
night, it will waste energy . better place, right? Wrong! The problem is that if insects
5 Some cities may / may be underwater if sea to disappear, we will all be in trouble. Many plants
levels rise. depend on them. As insects move from one plant to another,
6 I’ll travel by train if I go / might go on holiday they carry pollen, which helps plants to grow again. And if the
this year. number of people on the planet keeps on rising, we 4
more and more food. Unless we 6 quickly, insect
2 Complete the sentences with the numbers could fall even more. This could be very bad news for
phrases in the box. both humans and the planet.
tmimiiiiiimmiiiiimim III

o
climate change may get worse
if we stop using so much plastic 4 Rewrite the second sentence so that it has a
it will-help the planet similar meaning to the first. Use the words in brackets.
many types of plant will be in danger 1 If we don’t do something soon, it’s possible that
there might be more plastic than fish by 2050 endangered species will disappear.
unless we protect them Endangered species could disappear if we don’t do
something soon, (could)
1 If we reduce our energy use,
it will help the planet.
2 There will be huge problems if we don’t protect our
environment.
2 Many animals could become endangered
our environment, there
will be huge problems, (unless)
3 If we lose lots of insect species,
3 If we don’t stop using chemicals on farms, it’s possible
that insect numbers will fall.
4 If we don’t reduce the amount of carbon
dioxide, if we don't stop using
chemicals on farms, (might)
5 Unless we stop polluting our oceans, 4 If we do something now, we might stop climate change.
Unless we do something now, we
6 It will help the planet climate change, (might )

5 QE3E Complete the sentences with your own ideas.

1 Unless we do something about climate change,

2 We might be able to help the planet if

42 S A V E O U R P L A N E T! | U N I T 5
VOCABULARY AND LISTENING
Natural environments

1 Look at the photos and complete the natural environment words.

c 4 c 5 c

6 i 7 r 8 s 9 v 10 w

2 3 Choose the three most difficult A class discussion

words to remember from Exercise 1 .
Then draw a picture of each one in your f5.01l 4 TJ Listen to the class discussion. Which four natural
notebook (see the Learn to learn tip in environments from Exercise 1do the students mention?
the Student 's Book, p65) .
3 Circle 1 the correct options. Listen again and complete the notes .
1 A ($ trearri) / bay is a small river, usually
in the countryside.
Harry talks about caves in 1 New Zealand .
2 You only find icebergs / cliffs in very
inside the caves there is a small 1
cold places like the Arctic.
To travel through the caves, you need to take
3 A valley / cave is a big hole in a
mountain or under the ground.
a* . If you look up at the top of the
cave, you can see thousands of 4
4 A cliff / volley is a high area of vertical
they look like stars.
rock, usually near the sea.
5 A stream / waterfall is where a river Abbie talks about 5 in Papua New
falls from a high point to a lower -
Guinea these are very difficult to get to.
point. There are also rainforests where scientists
6 A volcano / bay is a mountain with a have found lots of 6 . They have
hole at the top. Sometimes gases and discovered a colourful fish, a river 7 and a tenkile tree
hot liquids come out . kangaroo. There are only 1 tree kangaroos alive today.
7 A rainforest / waterfall is a hot place
with trees and lots of animals . 6 Think of three examples of natural environments from
8 A bay / valley is an area between hills Exercise 1in your country. What are their names?
.
or mountains There is often a river at
the bottom.

U N I T 5 | SAVE O U R PLANET ! 43
 LANGUAGE IN ACTION 3 D Complete the blog post with the correct form of the
The second conditional verbs in the box to make second conditional sentences.

1 Circle' the correct options. be (x3) can check find

1 If I could travel anywhere in the world, ... not continue not use tfy

a I’ll visit a jungle .

© Td visit a jungle ,
••
c I visited a jungle. HOME ARCHIVE FOLLOW

2 I don’t know what would happen ... If 11 could do anything to

a if all the insects will disappear. .
help the planet 17 would try
b if all the insects would disappear, to stop people buying so many
c if all the insects disappeared. things with palm oil in them. If
you 3 the ingredients
3 What would happen if ... in the things you buy, you
4
palm oil in many
a we cut down all the rainforests?
of them - from biscuits to
b we’d cut down all the rainforests? toothpaste. It’s a cheap form of
c would we cut down all the rainforests? oil, and our products
s more expensive if
4 If I were you, ... companies 0 it.
a I’d find out more information, The oil comes from trees which only grow in hot countries. This
b I found out more information, means that we need to cut down rainforests to grow them . This
c I’m finding out more information. is a problem for the animals that live in rainforests, including
the orangutan. If we 7 to destroy their natural habitat.
5 People wouldn’t buy plastic products ... orangutans wouldn’t be endangered. So, if there • one
useful thing everyone could do to protect the environment , it
a if they have a better alternative.
to buy things which don’t contain palm oil.
b if they had a better alternative,
c if they’d have a better alternative .
Complete the second conditional
4 uJfSC Write second conditional sentences about the
2 situations.
sentences using the verbs in brackets.
1 People use so much plastic. There is so much waste.
1 If I had a bike,I would use it
If people didn'1t use so much plastic, there wouldn't be so
to go to school, ( have / use)
much waste.
2 I out today if it cold . 2 I haven’t got a recycling bin, so I don’t recycle my rubbish.
(go / not be)
If I my rubbish.
3 If they near the sea, they
to the beach a lot. ( live / go) 3 People don’t know about palm oil, so they buy products
4 The waterfall
which use it.
more interesting
to look at if it raining, (be / be) If people products which use
it.
5 If we so much meat, we
so many rainforests, ( not eat / 4 We don’t use solar power in our country. There isn’t enough
not cut down) sunlight.
6 Houses near the coast in If solar power in our country.
danger if sea levels higher, (be 5 Palm oil is cheap. That’s why companies use it.
/ get) If palm oil it.

4 4 S A V E O U R PLANET ? | U N I T 5
 WRITING
An opinion essay

1 .
Read the essay Which environmental problem in the
photos (a-c ) does the writer think is the most serious?

Our most serious environmental problem

There are many environmental problems nowadays and it is
difficult to know which one is the most important. Some people
1
believe that we should protect the rainforests. Other people
might think that we need to stop using plastic. Which is the most
important ?

It would be good if we could solve both of these problems.

2 , in my 3 , the most serious problem is air
.
pollution This is something that is getting worse in cities around Write your own opinion essay.
the world 4 . , it has an effect on everyone as it is a
PLAN
major cause of ill health, especially in children.
4 What do you think is the biggest
In my 5 , the first step would be to reduce the number
environmental problem? Think of two ideas
of cars in cities, as this is one of the biggest causes of pollution.
to support your opinion. Write notes.
In 6 to this, we need to make more people use public
transport or cleaner forms of personal transport like bicycles. Problem
We also need cleaner factories that don’t produce dangerous
gases which are bad for our health.
Solution 1
To 1 up, if we have cleaner cities with cleaner air, we
will all become healthier. We will also spend more time outdoors,
Solution 2
exercising and enjoying our natural environment.

5 Decide what information to include in each

2 GIL Complete the essay with the words in the paragraph. Use the information in Exercise 3
box . Sometimes more than one answer is possible. to help you .
addition believe Furthermore WRITE
However opinion sum view 6 Write your opinion essay. Remember to
include four paragraphs, the first and second
conditional, and words and phrases from
Q 3 DC (Circlej the correct options. the Useful language box ( see Student’s Book,
1 The first paragraph includes an introduction and
P65 ).
a question / the writer ’s main opinion .
2 The second paragraph gives the writer’s main / CHECK
other people’s opinion. 7 Do you ...
3 The third paragraph offers reasons for / possible • have an introduction with a question for the
solutions to the problem. reader to think about?
• have ideas and examples to support your
4 The last paragraph introduces / summarises the
opinions?
writer’s opinion.
• have a conclusion to support your opinion?

UNIT 5 | SAVE OUR PLANET ! 45

 REVIEW

VOCABULARY

1 -
Match the beginnings of the sentences (1 10) with the ends ( a -j) .
1 Too much carbon a change,
2 It’s important to save b species.
3 Probably the biggest environmental problem is climate c oxygen, which all animals need to survive,
4 We all need to recycle and reduce waste to help protect the L d planet, so we should look after it.
5 Plastic is a big problem for marine e life, like fish, whales and sea birds,
6 Plants produce f dioxide causes global warming,
7 The white rhino is an endangered g pollution in cities,
8 We all live on the same h energy, and not waste it.
9 Cars are the main cause of air i solar power,
10 Sunny countries produce a lot of energy from j environment.

2 Match the sentences with the words in the box. LANCUACE IN ACTION

cave cliff coast icebergs rainforest 3 Tick ( / ) the correct sentences and correct five
stream volcano waterfall incorrect sentences.
1 We often have a picnic here. It’s nice to sit by the
1 If I pass my exam tomorrow, I am really happy. CD
water and see the ducks swimming past .
2 My grandparents have a house there. It’s nice 2 I might go for a walk along the coast tomorrow
because you can just walk out onto the beach and if the weather will be nice.
you can hear the sea at night.
.
3 You can walk into it and it's really interesting It’s 3 Will you call me if you’re late?
dark, but you can hear the sound of water deep
below you. 4 Unless I don’t do my homework now, I won’t have
.
4 Don’t stand too near the edge I know it’s nice to time to go out later.
look down at the sea, but it can be dangerous .
5 If I will have money, I will go to the cinema on
5 They cut down a large area, unfortunately, and it
Friday.
will take hundreds of years for the trees and plants
to grow again .
6 I won’t buy a new phone unless this one breaks
6 They’re very dangerous to boats and ships .
Remember that you can only see 10% of them The . completely .
rest is below the sea .
7 Every second more than 150,000 gallons of water 7 If you look in the stream, you will may see
drops to the ground below at Niagara! some fish.
8 It’s still active and you can often smell the gases
- the heat and noise is incredible sometimes! 8 You could have a rest if you feel tired.

4 6 S A V E O U R PLANET! | U N I T 5
4 Complete the sentences with the words in the box .

didn’t have had knew took was were would be

would have would need would stop would take wouldn’t be

1 Ifl time,I a trip to the bay.

2 The town in trouble if that volcano active.
3 If you more sociable, you more friends,
4 You ill if you better care yourself,
of
5 Ifl a bike, I to use the bus.
6 More people eating meat if they about the effects on the environment.

CUMULATIVE LANGUAGE

5 Complete the text with the missing words. (Circle) the correct options.

1 a have watched b watched c watch

I* a TV documentary last month
about marine life and plastic. Every day, 2 a have put b used to put c put
we 2 lots of plastic waste in the 3 a ate b would eat c will eat
oceans and even a little drinking straw 4 a eats b would eat c will eat
can have a terrible effect on an animal. 5 a doesn’t go b wouldn’t go c isn't going
For example, if a fish 3 one, it
6 a If b Furthermore c Unless
could easily die. And if a sea bird ate the
fish, it 4 the plastic, too. Plastic 7 a have decided b am deciding c will decide
in the oceans is a big problem because it 8 a did b does c would do
s away. It just breaks down into 9 a use to use b used to use c did use
smaller and smaller pieces! * we 10 a will use b am using c have used
do something about this problem, it will
11 a yet b already c since
get worse. So, 17 to make some
changes to my life. They’re small, but if 12 a couldn’t b can’t c won’t be able
everyone 8 something small, it
would add up to something big. In the
past, 19 a lot of plastic straws
and bags. 110 straws without
thinking about it in cafes. Now,I just
say I don’t need one when they offer.
They haven’t stopped using straws in
cafes in my city 11 , but I hope
they do soon. Anyway, we all need to do
something. If we don’t, then soon we
12 to enjoy the natural beauty
of the sea and its marine life.

U N I T 5 | SAVE O U R PLANET ! 47
 THINK OUTSIDE
THE BOX

VOCABULARY
Making things

1 Circle 12 more verbs in the word snake.

'

w
* \rboi
Iap

O o
'

2 Complete the sentences with the correct form 4 (£ircle ) the correct words.
of the verbs from Exercise 1. 1 When the milk boiIs,(pour )/ pull it into your coffee
1 Increase the oven temperature from 150 *C to cup.
200 °C. 2 Reduce / Increase the temperature so that it ’s really
2 I want to the time I spend watching TV cold .
from four hours to one hour a day. 3 Take a spoon and remove / stir the butter, sugar
3 Water at 100 °C. and milk together for a few minutes.
4 She her feet in the sea for a few seconds 4 Add / Cover the glass with paper and put it in the
- it was really cold! fridge overnight .
5 the hot water into the cup and 5 I’ll freeze / press any food that we don't eat and we
sugar and milk. can have it next month.
6 the cake from the oven and it 6 Don’t dip / freeze your finger into the hot liquid!
on a plate to cool.
7 You should the soup with a spoon so it
doesn’t burn and stick to the pan. Explore it!
8 I my eyes so l couldn’t see the frightening Guess the correct answer.
scenes in the film. A chef in the USA invented crisps
9 Lara collects flowers - she them flat and when he ...
puts them in a scrapbook . a accidentally cooked some potatoes for too long,
10 We use our car to our caravan when we b cut potatoes very thinly for an angry customer,
go on holiday.
c poured hot fat over some frozen vegetables.
11 You should fresh fish at -20 °C for at least
seven days before eating it . Find an interesting fact about an invention or
discovery and send the question in an email to a
Choose one of the words from Exercise 1 and classmate or ask them in the next class.
3
think of an image to go with it. Write your ideas
in your notebook ( see the Learn to learn tip in the
Student ’s Book, p71).

4 8 THINK O U T S I D E THE B O X | U N I T 6
READING 2 Match the words in bold in the
A news story news story with the meanings .
1 made safe from damage secured
1 Read the news story. Complete the paragraphs ( A-D ) with
2 stopping liquid from entering
the headings (1-4).
somewhere
1 What was the problem? 3 What do people use it for now ?
3 the ability to stay calm and continue
2 What was the solution? 4 Who was Vesta Stoudt? doing something difficult
4 view closely to check condition
The story of duct tape
5 a long, narrow piece of material we
use to close things
A
6 the first example of something
In the early 1940s, the US army
was fighting in Europe in World
War II. Vesta Stoudt was a
Read the new story again and
woman from Illinois who had two
sons in the military. As part of the answer the questions.
war effort, she was working in a 1 Where did Vesta Stoudt work ?
factory back home in the USA. In a factory in the U5A.
Her job was to inspect and pack
2 What did Vesta do at the factory?
equipment for the soldiers in
Europe.
3 What problem did Vesta want to
B solve?
At the factory, they closed and secured the boxes of equipment
using a thin paper tape. However, the boxes were difficult to open 4 Why was Vesta’s prototype better than
quickly, especially when they were wet . Vesta was worried that the paper tape?
soldiers' lives might be in danger because they might not be able to
get their equipment out fast enough.
5 How did Vesta show patience?
C
Vesta suggested that they closed the boxes with a stronger, 6 What examples does the writer give of
waterproof tape. She designed a basic prototype of how she how people use duct tape now ?
thought the tape should be. The boxes were easier to open quickly
with this new tape. Vesta's managers in the factory didn' t listen to her,
but she didn’t give up. She decided to write to Franklin Roosevelt , 4 t Can you think of any other ways
the president of the United States. people use duct tape? Write two ideas.

D
The letter worked and Vesta received a letter of thanks from
Roosevelt. The government then asked a company to make the tape
based on Vesta's idea. The tape was a great success and probably
helped to save lives! Nowadays, duct tape, as it is known, is used for
many different things and in many different industries. It is used by
NASA in its spaceships and clothes are even made from it. And it ’s
all thanks to the patience of one inspiring American woman.

U N I T 6 | THINK O U T S I D E THE B O X 4 9
 LANGUAGE IN ACTION 4 Write questions in the present simple passive .
Present simple passive Then write the correct answers using the places in
brackets.
1 Complete the table with the past participle form 1 coffee beans / grow / Iceland? (South America)
of the verbs. Decide if the verb is regular or irregular.
Are coffee beans grown in Iceland?
Verb Past
participle
Regular Irregular .
No they aren’t. Coffee beans are grown in South
America.
add added /
2 most chocolate / produce / in Switzerland?
break (Germany)
catch
collect
connect
3 cars / manufacture / in Malta? (China)
design
develop
eat
4 insects / eat / in the UK ? ( Thailand)
manufacture
throw

Complete the sentences with the present 5 bananas / grow / in Denmark? (Ecuador)
2
simple passive form of the verbs in brackets.
1 How many mobile phones arc made every year
in Asia ? (make)
2 Something new and exciting everyday. 5 Dr Complete the text with the present simple
(invent) passive form of the verbs in brackets.

3 The potatoes in very hot oil to make

crisps, (place) It’s difficult to believe, but glass
4 These new inventions enough, in my 1
is made (make) of liquid
opinion, (not test) sand. That ’s right, the same
sand that 2 (find)
5 these materials online or
on the beach or in the desert.
should we go to a shop? ( sell)
When sand J (heat)
to about 1700 X , it changes
3 3! Complete the sentences with the present
simple passive form of verbs from Exercise 1. into a liquid. Other minerals
(add) and when
1 Food waste is collected for recycling what a- it cools to a much lower
great idea!
temperature, it changes
2 Sugar to chocolate to make it sweet.
into glass. To make glass
3 How many plastic bottles in the rubbish containers, like jars or bottles, liquid glass
bin everyday ? (pour) into containers in a particular
4 New ideas here by brilliant young shape, called moulds. Of course, glass *
inventors. also (use) for windows and we
5 your computer to the Internet ( protect) by glass, for example in cars, but glass
by a cable or wi - fi? breaks easily, too. Glass * easily
(recycle), so manufacturers can often use the same
6 This system to help blind people use a
glass again and again in their products.
computer.

50 THINK OUTSIDE THE BOX | UNIT 6

VOCABULARY AND LISTENING
Materials and containers

1 Match the materials with the

containers in the box to make six objects.
Then write the words in the correct
column. Use each word only once.

bag box can cardboard

case glass jar leather
rubber sttk tin tube

Material Container
‘silk bag
3

A conversation
5

6 3 Look at the questions and think about possible answers.

1 What are jeans made of ?
2 H Complete the sentences with the 2 Who wears jeans?
objects from Exercise 1. 3 How much do jeans cost?
1 Julia ’s dress hasn’t got pockets. She 4 What are the best styles?
needs a little silk bag to put
5 What effect do jeans have on the environment?
her phone and purse in.
2 A garden hose is a O4 Listen to two friends shopping for jeans. Which three
6.01
It’s long and thin. You use it to put water questions from Exercise 3 do the girls discuss?
on your flowers.
3 When Dad goes to work every morning,
he carries his laptop and all his important fj 5 nn listen again. Are the sentences T ( true) or F ( false)?
papers in a Correct the false sentences.
4 Our new computer came in a big 1 Nicole prefers white jeans to blue jeans.
. We used it to put old F. Nicole prefers blue jeans.
books and clothes in. 2 The word ‘denim’ comes from the name of a French town.
5 Tuna , peas and beans - what other
things come in a ?
3 Camila says good jeans can cost about £ 100.
6 My grandma used to have a
full of sweets and
chocolate for visiting children. 4 Nicole says that some jeans factories use too much energy.

5 Nicole says Camila should find out information before she

buys jeans.

6 Camila doesn ’t want to go to the shop that Nicole suggests.

U N I T 6 | THINK O U T S I D E THE B O X 51
 LANGUAGE IN ACTION 3 Match the answers in the box with
Past simple passive the questions in Exercise 2. Write
sentences in the past simple passive.
1 Complete the sentences with the
past simple passive form of the verbs in 4928 1971 1998 Athens Germany
brackets. Giza Toy Story London
1 Tolstoy’s novel War and Peace was
1 The first antibiotic was discovered in 1923.
published (publish) in 1867.
2
2 The world’s most expensive violins
3
( make) by Antonio
Stradivari . 4
3 Facebook ( start) by Harvard 5
University students in 2004. 6
4 Is it true that some of Shakespeare’s 7
plays (not write) by him? 8
5 Lots of my photos ( lose)
when my phone broke. 4 Read the text about Stonehenge. Rewrite the
6 Paper (not invent ) in Europe underlined sentences using the past simple passive.
but in China . Mi:

Qi Write questions in the past simple Who built Stonehenge and why someone built it continues to be a
‘
2 great mystery. It is one of the most famous prehistoric monuments
passive.
1 when / first antibiotic / discover ?
.
in the UK ;Someone started the building of Stonehenge about
5,000 years ago. Some people believe that 'someone used
When was the first antibiotic discovered? .
Stonehenge in a celebration of the sun 4Someone designed it in
2 where / the world’s first underground exact mathematical detail, as the stone circle perfectly matches

railway / open ? the direction of the midsummer sunrise and the midwinter sunset.
There are two types of stone at Stonehenge. The larger stones
.
are called ‘sarsens’ The tallest sarsen stands nine metres high
3 where / the first modern Olympics / -
and weighs 25 tons ‘someone carried the stones 32 kilometres
hold? to Stonehenge! The smaller ‘bluestones’ weigh much less, but
Someone brought these stones from Wales, a distance of 225
kilometres. Nobody knows how 'someone transported such heavy
4 what / the first Pixar movie / call?
.
stones so far in those days

5 where / the largest Egyptian pyramids /

build?

6 when / the first email / write?

7 where / the first CD / make?

8 when / Google / start ? 1 it was built

2
3
4

52 THINK O U T S I D E THE B O X | U N I T 6
 ••
WRITING B This smartwatch is light and comfortable. The strap
A review looks like silk, though it's actually made from soft rubber.
It looks cool and modern, and it feels like silk on your
1 Look at the photo and read the skin, too, so you won't know you're wearing it! It's also
review. Is everything about the waterproof, so you can walk straight into the shower after
smartwatch positive? .
your workout The battery life is very good: it lasts up to
20 hours and it recharges very quickly.

C What I like about this smartwatch is that it's sporty and

strong, but it's also really comfortable so you can wear
A If you're serious it all day. However, I should point out that it's not cheap.
about your fitness Overall, I think it's a really cool invention and I'm really
training, you'll find this happy I bought this model!
smartwatch very helpful.
It counts the calories used
in every activity you do. Write your own review of an amazing digital
It also gives information
on goals, such as distance
device or gadget .
and speed, and tells PLAN
you your heart rate. You can connect it to your Think of an amazing digital device or
favourite fitness apps so that your performance 4
gadget. Write notes:
can help improve your training .
Who the device or gadget is for

2 Read the review again. In which paragraph What it does

( A-C) can you find ...
1 a description of what the invention does 0 What it looks like
2 what the reviewer likes the most
3 a physical description
The advantages
4 the reviewer’s general opinion
5 a disadvantage
One disadvantage
6 who the invention is for
Your opinion
3 Put the words in the correct order to make
the Useful language phrases.
1 made from / soft rubber / is / The strap 5 Decide what information to include. Use the
The strap is made from soft rubber. information in Exercise 2 to help you .
2 it’s a / really cool invention / Overall, / 1 think WRITE
6 Write your review. Remember to
3 it’s sporty and strong / about this smartwatch / is include the parts of the review from Exercise
that / What I like 2, the passive and phrases from the Useful
language box (see Student ’s Book, p77) .
4 it’s not cheap / mention that / 1 should / However, CHECK
7 Do you ...
• describe the device/gadget and who it ’s for?
5 The strap / looks / silk / like
• say what the advantages/disadvantages are?
• give your general opinion?

U N I T 6 | THINK O U T S I D E THE B O X S3
 REVIEW

VOCABULARY LANGUAGE IN ACTION

1 Match the beginnings of the sentences 3 Complete the conversation with the present simple passive
(1-8 ) with the ends ( a -h). form of the verbs in brackets.
1 If the fruit has stones in it,
2 You should reduce the BEN Do you know how
3 Don’t dip your fingers into much coffee
4 Palm oil boils (make)
every year?
5 Add the sugar to the water
HARI I’m sure it ’s a lot.
6 We waited for the liquid to freeze
I know that loads
7 Carefully pour the liquid of coffee
8 Pull the paper off the
(use) in my house!
a temperature when the sauce gets too
hot. BEN Well, they
estimate that
b at about 300 °C.
over two billion
c solid before we ate the lollies, cups of coffee
d and stir both of them together, 3 (drink)
e into the moulds, worldwide every
f remove them before you cook it. day.
g ice lollies before the children eat them, HARI Wow! That is amazing! And where 4 all that
coffee (grow)? South America?
h very hot water - it’s dangerous!
BEN Yes, well, most of the coffee which 5 (buy) in
2 Underline and correct one mistake the UK 8 .
( produce) in Brazil
with materials and containers in each HARI I guess the climate is just right there.
sentence. BEN Yes, it’s perfect because coffee 7 ( plant) in
1 The clothes and shoes were packed in the wet season, but sunshine 8 (need) later
cardboard jars. in the process. Coffee beans 9 (dry) in the sun
2 It’s better to use glass boxes for jam, so and 10 (test) by experts.
you can recycle them. HARI Hmm, how about a cup right now?
3 We gave our mum a pretty silk tube for BEN Good idea!
her birthday.
4 We don’t know what is in this tin bag
because there’s no label.
5 Our teacher always carries our
homework and exam papers in a leather
can.
6 Hospitals have a lot of rubber cases for
medical use.

S4 THINK O U T S I D E THE B O X | U N I T 6
4 Put the words in the correct order to make past simple passive questions .
.
Use the past participle form of the verb Then write answers using the words in brackets .
1 was / When / the / build / Taj Mahal / ? (around 1640) 4 cave paintings / were / those / Where / old / find / ?
(in France)

2 open / was / this / When / secondary school / ? (in

2010) 5 was / Where / tea / grow / first / ? (in China)

3 were / Where / these / make / computers / ? (in 6 write / was / When / Macbeth / ? (in 1606)
Japan)

CUMULATIVE LANGUAGE

5 Complete the text with the missing words. (Circle the correct options.

an interesting article about important inventions the other day. 2 that

plastic shopping bags 3 in the 1960s by a Swedish engineer ? Before plastic was
invented, shoppers 4 paper bags. These were much better for the environment,
Nowadays, governments 5 to find ways to reduce the use of plastic bags. Ideas
include ‘Bags for Life’ These bags 6 of cotton and are very strong, so shoppers can
use them again and again. Supermarkets have also 7 charging customers for their
plastic bags. The article also said that scientists believe they 8 a special bacteria
that 5 eat plastic. The bacteria was discovered in a Japanese recycling centre in
2016. While the scientists 10 the bacteria, they accidentally made it even better at
eating plastic! At the moment, the bacteria can only eat the plastic in drinks bottles, but in
the future, it 11 be able to eat all types of plastic! If scientists 12 a super
bacteria to eat all plastic, plastic bags would become a thing of the past!

1 a read b have read c did read

2 a Were you knowing b Did you knew c Did you know
3 a was invented b were invented c invented
4 a used to use b use to use c use to using
5 a try b tried c are trying
6 a are made b is made c made
7 a begin b begun c began
8 a invented b are invented c have invented
9 a can b canto c can will
10 a investigated b have investigated c were investigating
11 a might b can c may not
12 a would create b could create c might create

U N I T 6 | THINK O U T S I D E THE B O X 55
 A WORLD OF
CELEBRATION 1 a (£ostum$) / 2 on atmosphere /
decorotion o stall

VOCABULARY
Festivals

1 Look at the photos and (glrcle ) 3 a funfair / parade 4 a parade / float 5 a lantern / firework
the correct options.

2 Complete the
article with the
correct form of the
words from Exercise 1. 6 a decoration / 7 a programme / 8 a parade / 9 a firework /
funfair programme lantern

(Circle) the correct options.

One of the biggest festivols in Jopon is the 1 There was already crowdy an atmosphere of
Gion Festival in Norito, a small town neor
Tokyo. It's o celebrotion of the summer.
^
50,000 people at ten o'clock !
There are colourful 1 decorations oil 2 The biggest carnival / ceremony in the world is in
over the town ond people dress up in Rio, Brazil.
traditional Jopanese 2 . Visitors
3 Great music and lots of people usually make a
can enjoy food and drink at the many
3
good programme / atmosphere.
in Norita's narrow streets. The best
part of the festival is when decorated * with people on 4 A funfair / ceremony is usually a formal event with a
them are pulled through the streets to Nanta's main temple. The long history.
[/
. y
streets of Narifa ore beautiful at night when they ore lit up by
s on the sides of the buildings. Underline the stressed syllable in each word.
4
New Year's Eve is atwoys special in Sydney, Australia. You can see Two syllables Three syllables Four syllables
o beautiful display of 6 in the night sky,with thousands costume atmosphere ceremony
exploding over the Sydney Opera House . There ore lots of things to
do during the day. loo. Children con enjoy fontostic rides ot the firework carnival decoration
;
. like o 40-metre big wheel or a super-tost train. In the funfair
evening, people love the * of boats, travelling up and parade
down the harbour with special lights on them!

Explore it!
Guess the correct answer.
The famous Japanese
ceremony began around 700
years ago.
a tea b coffee c milk
Find an interesting fact about an ancient
ceremony. Then send the question in an email to
a classmate or ask them in the next class.
r “ *

A WORLO OF CELEBRATION
^‘ f r -
 The wolf
READING and a baby boy
A folk tale

1 Look at the pictures. What do you think in the north of Wales, there
is a small village called
Beddgelert. According to an old
the folk tale is about ? Read the story and
(circle the correct answer. story, many hundreds of years
ago, a prince lived in the area.
a A prince who lost his son . It was a place of forests and
b A very brave dog. dangerous wild animals. The prince loved hunting, so he had
c A brave prince who killed a wolf. lots of dogs. They spent a lot of time chasing animals through
the forests for sport. His favourite dog was called Gelert - a
Match the words in bold in the folk faithful dog who the prince loved .
2
tale with the meanings. One day, the prince decided
1 very shocked horrified to go hunting and called
for Gelert. To the prince's
2 a long piece of metal used for fighting
surprise, the dog came with
blood around its mouth. The
3 chasing and trying to catch and kill an prince was horrified . Where
animal had the blood come from? He
4 a place in the ground where dead bodies had a terrible thought . He
are ran to his sons bedroom and
saw an awful sight. His baby
5 strong and not changing in your
was missing and the floor
friendship with someone was covered in blood. The
6 put something into a hole in the ground prince realised what the dog
and covered it had done. With anger, he took
a sword and killed Gelert.
3 Read the folk tale again. (Circle) the Seconds later, the prince heard
correct answers. a cry from behind the bed.
1 Why did the prince have dogs? There was his son , completely
safe. And next to his son was
a Because he was lonely.
-
a wolf killed by Gelert , just
b To look after his castle. a few minutes earlier. The
To look for other animals. prince felt very sad. He carried
0 his favourite dog outside and
2 What did the prince think when he saw
buried it under some stones.
blood on his dog?
Beddgelert means ‘Gelert s
a His son was hurt ,
grave’ in the Welsh language,
b Something was missing, and you can see stones
c The dog was hurt . marking the grave in the village. However, the story might not
3 What did the dog do? be true. Some people say that a hotel owner placed the stones
there 200 years ago and , perhaps, invented the story to bring in
a Killed the prince’s son . more tourists. And it worked! Now there are many events in the
b Killed a dangerous animal, town , from music festivals to firework displays on New’ Years
c Hid behind a bed . Eve. In the summer, people in the town grow lots of flowers as
decorations and Beddgelert has won competitions for being the
4 What happened at the end ?
most beautiful town in the country!
a Everyone forgot about the dog.
b The village was given the dog’s name, Think of a folk tale from your country. Write a
4
c The prince found another dog. paragraph about it in your notebook.

UNIT 7 | A WORLD OF CELEBRATION 57

 LANGUAGE IN ACTION 3 Complete the sentences with the past perfect
Past perfect form of the verbs in brackets.
1 I hadn't bought (not buy) a costume, so I didn’t
1 Match sentences 1- 6 with a f -. have anything special to wear to the carnival .
.
1 I felt very tired 0 2 Talia (not hear) of the festival
2 I couldn’t go to the concert. before she went there.
3 I already knew the story of the film . 3 He got to the concert 20 minutes after it
4 I said sorry for being late . (start).
5 I got lost when I went to London . 4 They went to London last year and they were also
6 I didn’t know what time the concert started . .
there 30 years ago It (change) a
lot.
a I hadn’t looked at the 5 We didn't want to see the new Bond film because
programme. we (not see) the previous one yet.
b I hadn't bought any tickets, 6 When I got home, I realised that I
c I had read the book, (leave) my phone at school.
d I hadn’t finished my work
on time. 4 (§rdg) the correct options .
e I hadn’t been there before,
f I hadn’t slept enough. PAULA KQjd you go)/ Hod you been anywhere interesting
during the holidays?
2 DO Read the sentences . MARCO Well, 12visited / had visited my
CCircle) the action that happened grandparents in northern Italy
first, A or B. in September. They took me
1 She went to see the fireworks to a town called Marostica. I
because her friends had invited her. Jdidn't go / hadn't been there
A She went to see the fireworks. before.
(§) Her friends invited her. PAULA Was it nice?

2 When I saw the programme, I knew MARCO Yes, they have a chess
I’d seen the show before . festival there.
A I saw the programme . PAULA Chess festival? That doesn’t
sound very interesting!
B I saw the show.
MARCO But it was! My grandparents
3 They’d arranged to meet at the food
* told / had told me a lot
stall, but Tom couldn’t find Katy . about it before I' went / had been and I’d
A They arranged to meet . thought the same as you. But there was a giant
B Tom couldn’t find Katy. chess set in the middle of the town! And people
4 After he’d phoned his mum, he were dressed in costumes as chess pieces and they
ordered a pizza. ' moved / had moved around the board.
A He ordered a pizza. PAULA Right, OK . And do they do that every year?
B He phoned his mum. MARCO Every two years. It ’s to celebrate a famous chess
5 Megan felt a bit upset after she’d said match that two princes played / had played about
'

goodbye to them. 600 years ago. They * fell / had fallen in love with the
same woman, but instead of fighting, they decided
A Megan said goodbye to them.
to play chess!
B She felt a bit upset.

58 A WORLD OF CELEBRATION | UNIT 7

VOCABULARY AND LISTENING
Music festivals and live music A conversation

1 Complete the lists with the words in the box. 03 Listen to the conversation. What is unusual
7.01
One word can go in more than one list . about the Secret Solstice Festival?

barni member campsite encore

gig headliner stage support act O 4 3K Listen again. Are the sentences T ( true) or
7.01
tent track venue F ( false ) ?

1 where you can see a band:

1 Brandon hasn’t been to the Secret Solstice
Festival. T

2 where you can stay the night: 2 The weather isn’t very cold at the festival.
3 Famous bands don’t play at the festival.
3 a singer or musician in a group: band member 4 One of the venues is in a dangerous place.
5 Brandon’s brother didn’t have tickets for the
volcano gig.

2 3D Complete the text with the correct form of the 5 IP Look at Exercise 6. What type of information
words from Exercise 1. ( object , number or place) is missing in 1-7 ? ( Seethe
© Learn to learn tip in the Student ’s Book , p86 ).

The 1 venue for Glastonbury Festival is a farm in

England. Thousands of music fans go there to see
their favourite bands . 2 at Glastonbury
have included some of the biggest names in music,
© D67.01
.3 FJC3 Complete the summary about the Secret
Solstice festival. Then listen again and check .
like Radiohead and Katy Perry. There are also lots
of interesting, less famous 5 to see. These
bands play on smaller 4 in front of smaller
crowds. Visitors to the festival usually stay on a big
5 with thousands of 6 . There’s
always a great atmosphere at Glastonbury and the
The Secret Solstice is a festival.
bands always leave the fans shouting for an
It takes place each year in
1
Iceland during the summer
solstice. Brandon says the
festival feels like a 2
r -hour day. When Brandon’s
brother went , there were about
3
bands. One venue
at the festival was inside a
volcano. You needed to fly in a
to get there and then
go down 5 metres to
reach the venue. Only 6
people could see the gig and
the tickets cost about 7
pounds each.

•j
 LANGUAGE IN ACTION 4 Read the conversation. Then complete the
Reported statements reported speech below.

1 How do the tenses and verbs change in ME Hi, Ashraf!

reported speech? Complete the table.
ASHRAF Hi! I’m really happy to see you! I have some
Direct speech Reported speech exciting news.I’m thinking of going to a
present simple festival in the summer. I want you to come
‘past simple
2 with me.
past simple i
3 ME Hmm,I’m not sure. Where is it? How much
present perfect
is it?
present continuous
s ASHRAF It ’s not far away. It ’s in the countryside. The
will
tickets are about £ 30. I’ve been there before.
can 6
I had a great time.
ME OK, but where would we stay?
2 Complete the sentences with said or told.
ASHRAF Well, there’s a campsite. We can stay in a tent.
1 My sister said she went to a really
It won’t be expensive.
interesting music festival last year.
ME OK, I’ll think about it.
2 George me that he had some new
tracks for me to listen to. ASHRAF Great!

3 I everyone that I had a spare ticket

for the concert.
4 Sally that she couldn’t go to the I went to the cafe to meet Ashraf .
campsite because she didn’t have a tent . He said that he 1 was happy to
see me and that he 2 some
5 Laura us to meet her in front of
exciting news. He told me that he
the stage. 3 of going to a festival in the summer, and then
6 I I didn’t know who the support he told me that he 4 .
me to go with him I said
act was . that 15 sure, and I asked where the festival

Rewrite the reported speech as direct

.
was and how much it was Ashraf said that it
3 6
far away, in the countryside, and the tickets
speech . 7
about £30 .
1 Ashraf said that he was in a cafe . He said that he 8 there before and that he
‘I'm in a cafe. 9
.
a great time He also said that we 10
2 He told me that he was having lunch . in a tent, so it 11 very expensive. I said that I
12 .
about it

3 He said he wanted to meet me .

5 Think of a conversation you had with someone
4 He said that he had been in the cafe for an recently. What did you talk about? Write at least five
hour. sentences using reported speech.

I was talking to Mum yesterday. She told me ...

5 He told me he would leave in about 30
minutes.

6 He told me to come quickly.

60 A WORLD OF CELEBRATION | UNIT 7

 WRITING
An email to a friend

1D Read the email quickly.

(C[rc5) the photo that matches it.
••Home
From: Karen To: Matt

'Hello Mott.
1 just got your message, thanks. Jlt wos nice of vou lo write!
•

You said you wanted to know all obout the festival . I'd never been to
anything like it before, but it was great!I only spent o day there, but
I sow so many omazing things . There were lots of people dressed as Write your own email about a festival.
characters from film and TV. I'm attaching a photo of some people I met. PLAN
That 's Spiderman on the left! He told me to say hello to you! I think I was
the only one not wearing a costume! I felt strange walking around in 4 Think of a festival you have been
normal clothes! to. Write notes.

In the afternoon, there was an event with some really famous actors What kind of festival was it?
from Stor IVors. There were probably around 500 people in the audience,
asking quesfions. Unfortunotely, I didn't get the chance to ask anything.
What did people wear?
But one of the guests said thot she had just filmed something really
exciting for fhe nexf film. Then she fold us! I can't say anything - it 's
a spoiler! What did people do?
OK, 4I must go now. H hone to hear from vou soon.
6
UU>e in touch loter. What did you see and do?
Koren
How did you feel?

2 Put a- e in the order they appear in the email (1- 5 ).

a request for a reply Decide what information to include.
5
b _ j goodbye Use the structure in Exercise 2 to help
c description of the festival you.
d 0 greeting WRITE
e 0 thanks for writing 0 Write your email. Remember to
include the past perfect, reported
3 Df Match the underlined phrases in the email (1- 6)
speech and phrases from the Useful
with the Useful language phrases ( a- f ). language box (see Student ’s Book ,
a Write back soon, © p 89).
b Anyway, that’s all from me. CHECK
c Bye for now. 7 Do you ...
d Hi Matt, • have a greeting and a goodbye?
e It was great to hear from you. • describe the ceremony?
• request a reply?
f Thanks for your email.

UNIT 7 | A WORLD OF CELEBRATION 61

 REVIEW

VOCABULARY

1 Match the definitions with the

words in the box.

costume decoration
firework float funfair
lantern parade
programme stall

1 something you use to make

things look more interesting
or beautiful
2 Complete the sentences with words for music and live festivals .
2 a plan of all the activities and 1 There were three b m in Clean Bandit: Grace Chatto,
events at a festival and Jack and Luke Patterson.
2 At the end of the concert, the audience shouted for more and the band
came back for an e
3 a big table on the street where
people can buy things 3 It was a terrible v .
for a concert I couldn't see the stage
because it was really far away.
4 I don’t think this year’s festival will be very good. The h area
4 a big decorated lorry that
band from the 1990s that no one has heard of.
moves through the streets
at festivals 5 We went to a small g last night - it was one of the best live
events I’ve been to .
6 Did you know that there is a bonus t at the end of the album?
5 a light that people can hold or
hang up in public places
Most people don’t know about it .
7 Sometimes, the s a is better than the main performer,
8 The festival has a big c with space for nearly 500 tents.
6 the clothes you wear for a
special activity
LANGUAGE I N ACTION

7 something that makes 3 Complete the sentences with the past perfect form of the verbs in
beautiful lights and noises in the box .
the night sky
be book decorate hear not see sell
8 a large number of people 1 I didn’t go to the festival because I that it was going to rain,
walking together, usually to
2 I’m glad that we the tickets early, because they became really
celebrate something
expensive later.
3 By the time the headliners appeared, the support acts on
9 a place with games and
machines you can ride on
stage for an hour .
.
4 My sister loved the concert She anything like it before,
5 When you checked the tickets online, they them all?
6 People the street with lanterns and it looked beautiful.

6 2 A W O R L D O F CELEBRATION | U N I T 7
4 What did Mike say ? Change the direct speech into reported speech.
1 ‘I want to go home ' . 4 Til take a taxi home’
Mike said that Mike said that
2 ‘I don’t feel well.' 5 ‘1 can’t find a taxi number!'
Mike said that Mike said that
3 ‘I’ve taken some medicine.’ 6 ‘I’ll ask my mum to collect me ’.
Mike said that Mike said that

CUMULATIVE LANGUAGE

5 Complete the text with the missing words. Circle the correct options .
ttimm 1 a happens b had happened c is happening
.
I live in a small town It’s nice, but 2 a said b asked c told
nothing interesting ever l 3 a is being b should be c would be
So I was really surprised when my 4 a was b had c have been
dad * me that there would
5 a not want b didn’t want to c didn’t wanted
be a big celebration. He said that the
bridge in the town 3 200 years 6 a came b will come c come
old this summer and there would 7 a looks b looking c looked
be a huge party. At first, I said that I 8 a was b were c had been
wasn’t interested. 14 over 9 a was learning b have learned c had learned
that bridge thousands of times going
10 a is built b built c was built
to school and 15 see it in my
summer holidays. But then my dad 11 a was thinking b used to think c don’t think
said, ‘If you 6 to the festival, 12 a festivals enough b too festivals c enough festivals
you’ll have a great time’. So I went.
And it really was great! Everyone was
 £3 Complete the sentences with the correct form of phrases
from Exercise 1 .
1 I took an exam last week but I’m not sure how well I did.
2 If you for bad behaviour, you won’t be able
to go to rugby practice after school!
3 He doesn’t always -
for his school work last
VOCABULARY week he got a D for an essay .
School 4 Paula was very pleased when she all her
- she got As in the history and science!
1 Circle)the correct verbs to complete .
5 I can’t go out tonight I need to on capital cities and
the phrases about school . I haven’t learned them all yet.
6 I on ancient history - I got an F! I need to
.
take it again
7 Why did the teacher you ? What did you
do to make him angry?
8 Please try to on time, Sam! That ’s the second
time you’ve given it to me late this week!
9 Someone in Miss Clarke’s class. They used
their phone to look for the answers!
10 Unless you and listen to everything he says,
you won’t know how to do the project.

1( £heal)/ poy in a test 4 CinC Complete the sentences so they are true for you .
2 tell / fail an exam 1 If I saw someone cheating in a test,I would

3 get / pay detention

2 It’s important for me to get good grades because
4 revise / get good grades
5 hand / pass in homework on time
3 The last time I failed an exam was
6 cheat / pass an exam
7 pay / get attention to the teacher 4 One important exam I will take this year is
8 revise / take for a test
9 take / pay an exam 5 I usually revise for tests
10 say / tell somebody off
11 write( revise an essay
[ Explore it!
2 Look at phrases 1-8 in Exercise 1 . Guess the correct answer .
Write them in the correct column.
The highest school in the world is called
Positive things Negative things Phumachangtang in the Himalayas.
cheat in a test The school is more than 4,000 / 5,000 / 6,000
metres above sea level .
Find an interesting fact about education in your country
and send the question in an email to a classmate or ask
them in the next class .

64 BACK TO SCHOOL | UNIT 8

 ••«
Home News Articles

READING
A report

1 What do you think is happening in the

photo? Read the report and check your ideas.

SCHOOL’S OUT
Almost 50,000 people were homeschooled in the UK last year.
Reasons for homeschooling can include a child’s special
needs, bullying or a lack of good school options in the
.
area.We spoke to one 'homeschoolcr’ Andrew James, from
.
Cumbria in the UK about his experiences of homeschooling.
*1 started homeschooling three years ago - I’m 14 now. Next year,I want to go to Amsterdam to visit the house of Anne
.
When I left junior school I went straight to homeschooling,
so I’ve never been to secondary school. My mum was also
Frank because I'm learning about her famous diary in my history
lessons.
.
homeschooled so she was keen for us to have a similar
-
It’s not all holidays and day trips we work really hard and study
education to hers. My parents believe that education is not a lot! But I really love my home education.I wouldn't change it
just about getting good grades or taking exams - they think for anything!'
a balanced education, including practical skills, is
also important.
My younger brother and I study at home with our parents 3 Read the report again. Are the sentences
for seven hours a day. Both our parents used to be teachers T ( true) or F ( false ) ? Correct the false sentences.
- so that helps! But having school at home doesn’t mean 1 Andrew has never attended an ordinary school.
there aren't any rules.We’re not allowed to stay in bed all day . F. He went to an ordinary junior school.
obviously, but we can also choose what we learn. Of course,
we study normal subjects, but we also frequently go to 2 Andrew started homeschooling because he didn’t
libraries, museums, exhibitions, concerts and sporting events like his school.
as part of our education.
We can also do other things that maybe you can’t do at
3 His parents taught at schools before they
an ordinary school. For example, each year my brother
and I are allowed to plan a big trip to a place connected to
homeschooled Andrew.
something we are studying. My brother studies geology, so
we went to Mount Vesuvius in Italy to learn about volcanoes. 4 Andrew and his brother do some studying outside
their home.

2 Match the words in bold in the report with the 5 Their trips to other places are part of their education.
meanings.
1 having equal amounts of something balanced
6 Andrew would like to go back to ordinary school in
2 a book with someone’s thoughts and feelings
the future.

3 the causes of an event or situation

4 very interested in 4 Think of two possible disadvantages of
5 not enough of something homeschooling.
6 when someone hurts or frightens someone else

UNIT 8 | BACK TO SCHOOL 65

 LANGUAGE IN ACTION 4 Write questions and short answers with the correct form
can / can ' t of be allowed to.
1 you / cycle to school? ( yes)
1 What do the sentences express? Write
Are you allowed to cycle to school? Yes.I am.
permission, prohibition or ability .
2 your teachers / give detention ? (yes)
1 Marcus can’t leave yet because he’s got
detention.
2 You had a very good grade for your essay 3 boys / wear any clothes they like? (no)
Can I read it?
3 Sonia can play two instruments and 4 students / talk in exams? (no)
she’s a great singer, too.
5 your best friend / sit next to you? (yes)
2 (Circle the correct options .
1 In my school, we (can) / can't learn Latin if
we want . 6 your parents / help with homework ? (no)

2 My sister can / cant speak Italian, but she

speaks German well.
Complete the conversation with the missing words.
3 Mrs Evans says I can / can’ t leave until
I’ve finished this exercise.
^ Circle the correct options.

4 Can / Can't I borrow your dictionary,

please?
5 We can / can’t understand you when you
speak clearly.
6 You can / can't stay in bed all day. It’s bad
for you.

be allowed t o

Put the words in the correct order

.
I think it’s hard to be the youngest in the family My big sister
3 » to go to bed when she wants, but 12 On .
.
to make sentences Then tick ( / ) the
Fridays and Saturdays 13 stay up later, but not as late
sentences that are true for your school . as my sister. And my big brothers 4 watch late shows
1 school / at / wear / allowed / on TV! But theys to leave the house without helping
Students / aren’t / jewellery / to Q our parents. They 6 go to college by car, but I
Students aren't allowed to wear jewellery drive yet so I cycle to school. All the people in my family
at school . » tell me off because I’m the youngest - it’s so unfair!
2 lunchtime / allowed / phones /
We / at / use / to / are / our 1 ( a) is allowed b are allowed c can
2 a can b ’m not c isn’t
3 break time / football / play / 3 a can’t b can c ’m not allowed to
Students / at / are / allowed / to 4 a can to b is allowed to c are allowed to
5 a aren’t allowed b can’t c not allowed
4 shout / allowed / aren’t / the / You / b can’t
6 a can c aren't allowed to
teachers / to / at
7 a ’m allowed to b can c can't
8 a are allowed to b is allowed to c aren ' t allowed to

66 BACK TO SCHOOL | UNIT 8

LISTENING AND VOCABULARY Attitude and behaviour
A phone call
4 Complete the words with the correct vowels
You will hear an exchange student in the (a, e, i,ot u ) .
1
Netherlands talking about what she likes about the 1 rude 6 c r l ss
.
country Write two questions you’d like to ask . 2 c r f I 7 rg n s d
3 ch Id sh 8 n ghty
4 p l t _ 9 d s rg n s d

O2 .
Listen to the phone call Does it answer 5 m t r -
10 w ll b h v d
8.01
any of your questions from Exercise 1?
5 Complete the sentences with the words from
Exercise 4 .
1 Rohan is a very well-behaved student: the teachers
never need to tell him off.
2 Patricia is a very child. She never says
please!
3 Our teacher likes us to be and keep our
desks clean and tidy .
4 Please be when you cycle in the rain.
5 Don't be - you should check your
homework for mistakes before you hand it in.
6 Our parents teach us to be and thank
visitors for coming to the house.
7 Bella 's pens and pencils are all over the floor. She ’s
so with her things!
8 My little cousin is very ! My aunt 's always
telling him off, but he never listens .
Listen again and answer the questions, 9 Molly is nearly 16, but sometimes she is very
l What is the subject of the phone call? - like a little girl .
Studying and living in another country. 10 Paul is younger than his sister Molly, but he's much
more and sensible.
2 How long will Julia be in the Netherlands?

6 Match sentences 1-5 with a -e.

3 What’s her favourite thing about life in the
Netherlands?
1 Jorge is so careless. 0
2 He’s usually very mature .
3 Ben 's a naughty boy at home. CD
4 Why are Dutch drivers usually polite, according to
4 Try to be more polite .
Julia?
5 Eymen isn’t disorganised .
5 How did Julia travel to school this morning? a He hardly ever does anything childish,
b It’s so rude not to say thank you.
6 Which country does Julia compare with the c He should try to be more careful,
Netherlands? d His schoolwork is always tidy and organised,
e But he’s well-behaved at school.

UNIT 8 | BACK TO SCHOOL 67

 LANGUAGE IN ACTION 4 Are the sentences about the school notices
have to , must and need to T ( true) or F ( false)? Correct the false sentences
.
with [ don' t ) hove to or must (n’t) Sometimes
1 Circle ! the correct options. there is more than one possible answer .
1 You( need to) / don‘t have to / mustn’t revise for exams.
2 He must / doesn' t need to / doesn' t hove to be better -
-
behaved in class he’s quite naughty! 1
3 Students don't have to / don't need to / mustn't wear Monday’ .
make- up: it’s not allowed. please make an appointment
4 We don’ t need to / hove to / mustn't ask if we don’t
understand the questions.
2j Mobile phone calls allowed in canteen
5 You don' t hove to / must / hove to finish the essay right
now. It’s for next week.
SILENCE OUTSIDE THE LIBRARY ON
Put the words in the correct order to make the - || MONDAY MORNING: EXAMS!
2
Exam FAQs.
4
Seniors* leaving party: June
••• Funny costumes optional
!
Home News FAQs Sign in Register

Exam FAQs
1 need / we / to / an optional question / answer / Do / ?
1 You don’t have to make an appointment to see
the nurse.
2 have / we / Do / to / a pen / use / ?
F. You have to / must make an appointment to

3 do / What / first / need / to / we / do / ?

seethe nurse .
2 Students don’t have to switch off their phones
in the canteen.
4 if / we / What / have / do / to / do / not sure / we’re / ?

3 You mustn’t make noise outside the library on

5 do / need / What / to / we / do / before / finish / w e / ? Monday morning.

6 have / we / to / Do / the exam room / stay / in / ? 4 Students must wear a funny costume to the
leaving party.

3 Complete the sentences with the phrases in the box. Then match the answers (a -f )
with the FAQs (1-6) in Exercise 2 .
f don’t have to stay don’t need to answer have to use have to write need to check need to read )
a You need to check all your answers before you finish. e Yes, you a black pen. I ]
b You in the room, but please leave quietly, f You something, so if
c You all the questions carefully before you answer. Q you’re not sure about an answer,
don’t leave it - guess!
d If a question is optional, you it.

68 BACK TO SCHOOL | UNIT 8

WRITING 2 Match the parts of the essay (1-4) with
An essay the correct paragraphs (A-D) .
1 a conclusion with the writer's opinion D
1 Make a list of the advantages and disadvantages of
2 bad things about digital technology
digital technology in school education. Then read the
.
essay Does it have your ideas?
3 an introduction to the topic
4 good things about digital technology

3 f Put the underlined words in the essay

in the correct order to make the Useful
language phrases .
Should we reduce digital technology 1 In this essay. I outline 4
in the classroom? 2 5
3
A Most of us find it difficult to imagine schools without
laptops or tablets, but some people believe that using
electronic devices in class too much can be a bad thing,
essay. / In / outline / 1 / this some of the advantages and Write your own essay.
’
disadvantages of technology and give my own opinion. PLAN
B ?hand. / the / On / one using digital technology in the Think of two good things and two
4
classroom can be more exciting than learning from bad things about weekend homework.
.
books Technology can also encourage more students Write notes.
to take part in group work through online activities. It is
also believed that using technology can help students Good things
to remember what they learn .
C 3other / On / the / hand, technology may cause students Bad things
to stop paying attention in class. 4that / Some / say
technology is also bad for social skills, as students
might speak to each other less during lessons, - argue L 5 Look at the essay question. Make notes
that / Others technology can make cheating easier for on your opinion and decide what to
-
students both in classwork and homework. include. Use the information in
D In my opinion, there are more important advantages
Exercise 2.
than disadvantages, but there should be a balance Is weekend homework a good or bad thing?
between technology and traditional classroom work.
Computers can never take the place of the teacher!

WRITE
6 QC Write your essay. Remember to
include four paragraphs, can/ can’ t , be
allowed to , have to, must and need to and
the phrases from the Useful language
box (see Student ’s Book, plOl) .
CHECK
7 Do you ...
• have an introduction and conclusion?
• write about good things and bad things?

UNIT 8 | BACK TO SCHOOL 69

 3 REVIEW

VOCABULARY

2 (£ircle) the correct words.

1 Match the beginnings of the sentences (1-6) with
the ends ( a - f ).
1 The teacher will tell you off if
^^ 1 Jonty is very well- behaved / naughty, he never gets
detention.
2 If you revise well for a test, 2 It’s polite / rude to talk when your teacher’s talking.
3 It ’s always wrong 3 I’m so organised / disorganised that I can never
4 If students don’t pay attention, find anything.
5 We usually have to write an essay 4 She’s only ten but she’s really mature / childish for
her age.
6 If you work, you won’t fail
5 Coreful / Careless work doesn’t usually get good
a when we take an English exam, grades.
b the exam - you’ll pass it. .
6 You’re so well - behaved / naughty You never do
c they won’t know what to do. anything I tell you!
d you’ll get a good grade, 7 Childish f Mature people behave like someone a lot
e to cheat in a test. younger.
f you don’t hand in homework on time. 8 Be careless / careful with Ahmet - he’s very
sensitive!
9 He’s very rude / polite: he always says ‘please’ and
‘thank you’.
10 Very organised / disorganised people plan
everything they do.

LANGUAGE IN ACTION

3 Complete the sentences with con, can' t or the

correct form of be allowed.
1 In some countries, girls go to school
because their parents need their help.
2 Boys in that school to wear long trousers.
They all wear shorts .
3 We to have smartphones in the exam
room: that’s cheating.
4 You use the library after lunch but not in
the morning.
5 If you 're late for an exam, you to take it -
you have to do it another day.
6 Your parents help you because they don 't
know Latin.

70 BACK TO SCHOOL | UNIT 8

 4 Complete the sentences with the words in the box.

have to wear have to worry must be mustn’t run need to come need to meet

1 You really quick. The test starts soon, 4 My parents my teacher after school,
2 We don’t school uniform at the weekend. 5 We in the corridors. It ’s dangerous,
3 Sally doesn’t . She’s revised well for the 6 Do I with you or can you go alone?
test.

CUMULATIVE LANCUACE

Complete the text with the missing words. ' Circle the correct options.
Q5
•• gTCTYIflTH
HOME ARCHIVE FOLLOW

Hello! In this week's blog I i at exam preparation. Now,

if you usually 2 my blog, you’ll know that I hate exams.
I just 3 do them! If 14 make exams history,
I would do it! Anyway, 15 this subject a lot since my last
post and I think one important thing is planning: you 6
start revising well before your exams. You ' start months
before, but at least a
“ weeks. You 9 also study
at school as well as at home. Find a quiet place, like the library,
so you 10 concentrate. Little and often is the best way
to study; an hour a day is great. Also, do exercise between study
sessions - this helps you to relax. 111 for a run in my
local park. Finally, get a good night's sleep before the exam! In my
last exam, 112 well the night before and I got a really bad
.
grade. OK that ’s all for now. More tips next week!

1 a look b ’m looking c had looked

2 a read b will read c have read
3 a can b can’t to c can’t
4 a could b can c would
5 a ’m studying b ’ve studied c ’d studied
6 a must b don’t have to c must to
7 a have to b haven’t to c don’t have to
8 a few b little c enough
9 a shouldn’t b should c should to
10 a need to b have to c ’ll be able to
11 a ’m going often b go often c often go
12 a hadn ' t slept b haven’t slept c wasn’t sleeping

UNIT 8 | BACK TO SCHOOL 71

 HJEJSSH
V33 iEI2S3>
©2
3
What is the hidden word in grey in the
puzzle in Exercise 1?

yC3 Complete the text with the correct form

of the words from Exercise 1. Sometimes
more than one answer is possible.

VOCABULARY ••• HOtfl OCSTMATIONS

Travel
If you enjoy going
1 Complete the puzzle. Use the clues. ' abroad and visiting
exotic places, then Indonesia
D E|5 T 1 2
I N A T I 0 N is one of the world's most
interesting 2
You can fty directly to the
J .
capital Jakarta. Rights can
be expensive, so it's best to
make your 3 early.
I You can also arrive by 4
s
, but this is a much longer
by sea through Singapore or Australia. Jakarta is
a lively city, and it's just a shorta by plane to the
ancient city of Yogyakarta. where you can go 7 and
enjoy old buildings, temples and even an active volcano. Many
tourists go to the island of Bali, which offers many types of
8
. from expensive hotels to cheap hostels. You
can, of course, stay in a large • , some with their
own restaurants and private beaches. Finally, if you have lots
.
of time Indonesia is a popular place to go : you
could spend months travelling around the country, enjoying
the local food and culture.
fly
a
a

1 the place someone is

travelling to
7 when you travel from
one place to another,
Of Explore it!
Guess the correct answer.
A cruise ship creates the same
2 in or to a different especially in transport
amount of pollution in one day
country from yours 8 a place to stay on
as . .. cars,
3 a family place with holiday, e.g. a hotel,
a 5,000 b 20,000 c 1 million
hotels, pools, restaurants caravan or youth hostel
and bars (two words) 9 travelling with a large Find an interesting fact about tourism and
bag, usually visiting the environment and send the question in
4 when you travel
many places an email to a classmate or ask them in the
somewhere and go back
next class.
home in a short time 10 visiting famous or
5 a large boat that you can interesting places on
have a holiday on (two holiday
words) 11 a reservation you make
6 when you visit a place to have a hotel room, or
and look around it, often a seat on a plane.
with a group of people

72 A HOLIDAY ON THE MOON | UNIT 9

READING
A magazine interview

1 Look at the photos of drones. Then read the

interview and Jircle the best title.
a The dangers of drones THE SKY’S THE LIMIT!
b Why drones will never solve transport problems Computer scientist Jeremy May answers our questions
c How drones will change the way we travel about the future of transport.

Match the words in bold with the definitions. A How will we be travelling in the future?
2
1 staying away from someone or something avoiding I think driverless taxis will become common. Not only
that, but companies will soon be using trucks which
2 taking things like food or books to someone’s don't have a dnver.This will save companies a lot of
house money. Some companies have developed a kind of flying
3 working quickly and in an organised way .
taxi too.It works like a helicopter, but it doesn’t need a
pilot - it’s actually a drone. It’s possible that some cities,
4 arrive on the ground after moving down through
like Dubai, will have lots of flying taxis in the near future.
the air
B
5 not having a driver
Well, some people are worried that drwerless taxis aren't
6 big vehicles used to transport things safe. Flying taxis have to be even safer, of course.The skies
are already full, so one challenge will be avoiding objects,
3 3! Read the interview again. Complete it with the like other drones, buildings and birds. But most of us
missing questions (1- 5 ). won't need to worry.It’s likely that only the very rich will
1 Isn ’ t this going to create lots of problems? -
be able to travel by flying taxi in the beginning anyway.
2 Won’t this make people lazy? C
3 What other changes will there be? Firstly, these taxis will use electricity, so they will be more
4 How will we be travelling in the future? environmentally friendly. Secondly, they will be able to
travel up to 180 kilometres per hour.This, plus the fact
5 What are the advantages? that they will be able to take off and land anywhere,
means that they will be much more efficient than
4 Read the interview again. Answer the questions. normal taxis.
1 How will companies save money with new D
technology? Companies will soon start delivering things by drone.
They will use driverless trucks. In Dubai, a company tested a service for people who
2 Where might we see flying taxis soon? wanted a coffee but didn’t want to travel to a cafe.
The people just ordered online and got their coffee
in a few minutes!
3 What might be the biggest danger for flying taxis?
E
It might! But the technology has a more senous use.
4 What three things make flying taxis better than We will be using drones to send quickly medicines or
normal taxis? food to difficult-to-reach places like mountains or islands.
This will be very useful in
emergencies.
5 How will drones help people in danger ?

UNIT 9 | A HOLIDAY ON THE MOON 73

 LANGUAGE IN ACTION
be going t o and present continuous for future

1 Complete the sentences with the phrases in the

box. Then write A for the arrangements and P for the
predictions.

aren’t going to find is going to make

-m -goiogto ' re travelling ’s leaving

1 Next week, l ‘m going to Spain on holiday. A 4 ulF (Circle) the best options. For one
answer, both options are possible.
2 He for the airport in an hour by taxi.
tin
3 Technology travel more environmentally
friendly. I read the other day that we lare living /
Qivinq )on Mars in the next 30 years. Well, you
4 We to Bali by plane, not cruise ship,
and 13oren’t going to live / aren't living on Mars
5 They a way to travel which is 100% safe.
- they ‘are only sending / ore only going to send
their top astronauts in the near future! Normal
people * aren’t living / won't be living there for
2 3 Decide if the sentences are arrangements or
a long time. The famous scientist Professor
.
predictions Then complete them with the best form of the
Stephen Hawking said that we sare going to
verb in brackets.
need / are needing to find a new planet in 100
1 I m meeting (meet) my friend at four o’clock on years because we '’ are having / are going to
Saturday. have more problems with climate change and
2 She (not enjoy) the journey by cruise ship next ,
other things in the future. 17 m giving / ' m going
week - she hates boats. to give a presentation on space travel next
3 We ( go) camping in Greece in July. week at school, so I've done some research!
4 They (like) Madagascar next summer. The Hawking had previously said that in 1,000
wildlife there is incredible! years, people 4aren’t living / won' t be living on
the Earth at all. I’m not sure I agree - a lot of
5 Todd and Laura ( have) lunch at the airport
things can happen in 1,000 years!
tomorrow before their flight .
Future continuous
5 Write three predictions in the future
3 Put the words in order to make sentences in the future continuous. Use the ideas in the box or your
.
continuous Then tick (/ ) the sentences you agree with . own ideas .
1 abroad / in / 1 / 20 / living / be / years / will
communication houses music
I will be living abroad in 20 years.
relationships work
2 will / by 2025 / be / travelling / by flying taxi / Everyone
By 2050.people won’t be communicating
3 doing / all / Robots / jobs / in / will / be / ten years -
face-to face anymore.

4 50 years / living / other / won’t / We / be / planets / on / in

5 using / won’t / be / 15 years / petrol / We / in / cars / in

74 A HOLIDAY ON THE MOON | UNIT 9

VOCABULARY AND LISTENING Conversations
Travel phrasal verbs
You will hear two people planning a holiday.
1 Complete the phrasal verbs in the sentences. Use
UH ©3 Look at the map and answer the questions.
the words in the box.

around away back in off out

1 After we’ve checked in to our hotel,I want to rest

and then have some lunch .
2 We didn’t go this summer. We stayed at
home for our holidays.
3 I always feel nervous when the plane is taking

4 We have to check of the hotel early - at 9

-
o’clock but we can leave our bags.
5 Our plane is at 2 pm, so we need to set for
the airport at around 11 am.
1 Which part of the world are they going to visit?
6 I went to Madrid for a short business trip, but I didn’t
have time to look the city .
7 It’s nice to get on holiday once a year and 2 What’s the best way to travel around and see all
see a new place. these places?
8 Our train was delayed, so we didn’t get until
late at night. 3 How much time do you think you would need ?
9 What time is your plane expected to get ?

2 Complete the email with the correct form of the O 4 Listen to the conversation and check your
phrasal verbs from Exercise 1 . answers to Exercise 3. Do Emma and Mason
have the same ideas as you for questions 2
and 3?
Home mbo Sent New
*
From Motco To Carmen
n5
9.01
DC Listen again. Are the sentences T (true) or
Hello Carmen.
o
F ( false)?
I hope you're well!I'm really looking forward to your visit. 1 Emma and Mason can travel anywhere in
What time does your plane 1 get in on Tuesday? Let me Europe with their train tickets.T
know, and I'll 2 early enough for the airport and 2 Mason wants to go to the beach first .
pick you up. You won't need to order a taxi . I expect you'll be
3 Emma would like to visit museums.
tired when you arrive, so I'll just let you 3 to your
hotel and you can relox. You said you wanted to 4 4 Mason doesn’t want to go to Finland because
the city with me and my parents and maybe try some good, it’s cold.
local restaurants. Unfortunately, my parents are 5 5 Mason would like to visit some European
on business tomorrow. They won't be here when you arrive
on Tuesday, but they're going to 6 the day after. So
capitals .
why don't we all go to a nice restauront later in the week? 6 Emma doesn’t want to go to large cities.
Speak to you soon .
Marco

UNIT 9 | A HOLIDAY ON THE MOON 75

 LANGUAGE IN ACTION
Relative pronouns and relative clauses O
^
3 Complete the text with the clauses in the box
and the correct relative pronouns.

I Complete the sentences with relative pronouns. brings you has travelled to lots of countries
1 The town where we went on holiday last year I can see I got a parcel in the post
was quite cheap. I want to visit Japan opinion I trust

2 The plane I took was two hours late.

3 Spring is the time of year you can see The reason lwhy I want to visit Japan is my brother
beautiful pink trees in Japan . Jonathan. He’s someone 1 , including
4 The reason I want to go to Turkey is to try the USA and Australia, but he always says that Japan
the food. is his favourite place. He was working there when
5 The woman suitcase was damaged was I was quite young and he often used to send me
very upset. presents.I loved the moment 3
6 New York is a good place for people like and there was something inside,like a cool toy, food
sightseeing. or a maneki - neko (this is like a little cat
4
good luck).
2 Correct one mistake in each sentence . So, Jonathan is the person
5 the most about
1 I remember where we went to London to see the
Houses of Parliament .
I remember when we went to London to see the
travelling to different countries
-1 always ask him for advice.I
hope I can visit Tokyo one day,
* 4•o

Houses of Parliaments and also other smaller towns

2 This is the holiday resort I will be staying. 6
traditional
Japanese life.
3 Is that the girl bag got lost?
4 nn?.” Join the sentences using a relative pronoun.
4 I lost the camera I brought it with me . .
1 These are the people I met them on holiday.
These are the people who 1 met on holiday.
5 I have an app on my phone tells me about all the 2 France is the country. It has more tourists than any
best tourist attractions. other country.

6 Mark is the person who I'm going to visit him in 3 The departures lounge is a place in an airport. You
London . wait for your plane there.

.
4 Drones are a new invention They might replace
normal taxis.

5 Norway is the place. I will be travelling there next

summer.

.
6 We left early The reason was bad weather .

.
7 Linda is the person Her brother is a pilot .

76 A HOLIDAY ON THE MOON | UNIT 9

WRITING 2 Put a- e in the order they
©3 Complete the email with
An email t o a host family appear in Bedour ’s email (1-5). the Useful language phrases.

Read the email quickly. Tick ( / )

a 0 goodbye a Best wishes
1 b questions about the trip b Dear
the information that Bedour wants to
find out. c 0 greeting c Do you know

1 where Cardiff is d 0 reason for writing d I’m writing to

e 0 thanks e thank you very much for
2 what she will study on the course 0
3 where she can find a place to stay 0 . ••
•••

4 when the course starts

Write your own email to a school abroad.
5 when the course finishes
PLAN
6 how to travel to Cardiff
4 Decide what you are going to study and
where. Write questions to ask your course
Home inbox Sent New organiser about these things.
Your travel plans and when you arrive
From btdour20WeiTVTioJ com

Sulked: Summer course

i Dear Mr Hamilton . Your accommodation
I hope you're well. 2 check
some details of my visit to Cardiff this summer. I'm looking
forword to starting the course and I hope I'm going to
reolly improve my Englishl Your course content and timetable
As you may know, this is going to be my first time in
the UK . Is it possible to ask some questions? I received
your welcome pack which gives information about
accommodation. Unfortunately, the ploces which were 5 Decide what information to include. Use the
listed all look a long way from the centre of Cardiff. information in Exercise 2 to help you.
3 if I could find somewhere
closer? I'd prefer not to spend too much time travelling WRITE
each day. 0 Write your email. Remember to include
I'd also like to ask about the exact dates of the course.I be going to, the present continuous, the future
know the course will be starting on 25 June, but do I have continuous and phrases from the Useful
to arrive earlier? Could you also tell me when the course language box (see Student ’s Book , pll3).
ends, exactly? I'm osking because it's important for me to
book my flights. CHECK
Finally, 4 accepting me on this 7 Do you ...
course. My family are all so happy for me! • use a greeting at the beginning and say
3 goodbye at the end?
Bedour • say why you are writing?
• say thank you?

UNIT 9 I A HOLIDAY ON THE MOON 77

 REVIEW

VOCABULARY

I Match the beginnings of the sentences (1 8) with the ends (a -h).

-
1 We arrived at our final a trips to local towns,
2 I didn’t stay in my own country for my last b abroad.
holiday;I went c accommodation is OK for me.
3 People like to visit the old market in my city - d holiday resort and my room looked out
it’s a popular over the beach,
4 I stayed in a big e destination on time,
5 We went on several day f go backpacking across the country,
6 I went online and made all the g tourist attraction,
7 If I had lots of time, I’d like to h bookings for my trip next week.
8 Hotels, hostels or villas: any

2 Underline and correct six travel phrasal verbs in LANGUAGE IN ACTION

the sentences.
1 You need to check on at the airport two hours I 3 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the
verbs in the box. Use the tense in brackets.
before your flight.
2 Please check in of the hotel directly after breakfast,
have live meet not learn study visit
no later.
3 My plane gets in at five o’clock in the morning I' m . 1 Next week, I lunch with my grandparents.
going to be so tired! (present continuous)
.
4 We’re going out on holiday next week Can you 2 This time next year, I hope I science at
look after our cat? university, ( future continuous)
5 My dad is on a business trip right now, but he’ll get 3 Some people think that we on other
away tonight. planets in the future, ( future continuous)
6 I looked on the city, but everything was closed . 4 We lots of interesting places on holiday,
I’m sure, { be going to)
7 After the plane took out, I had an amazing view 5 My host family me at the airport at six
from the window. o’clock, (present continuous)
8 What time are you setting off for the airport 6 Emma much Spanish; she’s only staying
tomorrow morning? in Madrid for two weeks, [ be going to )

78 A HOLIDAY ON THE MOON | UNIT 9

4 Write sentences using the correct relative pronoun from the options in brackets.
1 The person was sitting near me on the plane is a famous actor! ( who / which)

2 I stayed at a holiday resort is one of the best in the country, (why / which)

3 That’s the passenger father is the pilot , ( who / whose)

4 Cambodia is a country you can visit lots of interesting old cities, (where / that )

5 The main reason I want to visit Italy is all the great food, (which / why)

6 June and July is a time there’s a lot of rain in Japan, ( when / where)

CUMULATIVE LANCUACE

5 .
Complete the text with the missing words (Circle) the correct options .
Usually, it only takes about 12 hours to
fly from the UK to Thailand. That’s not
NEA flPA E50A0Z
riAPATHPHZEIX
i , but so far it’s been 32 hours 1PA REMARKS
2
I left home! I had set off for
the airport early. I wanted to relax after !ME NEW TIME GATE
checking in. After 13 Delay
05 1800
in, the first
thing I saw on the screens was that my
flight 4 ! At first, it was only two
hours, then four, then eight! 15 Delay
that there were problems with the
aeroplane. It 6 in London yet. 50 1 3 3 0
It was still in Moscow - about five hours
away! The airline told me 17 stay
i
in a hotel near the airport and they would 1 a long enough b enough long c too long
pay for it. At 3 am, I # a phone 2 a since b for c from
call saying that my plane had arrived, and
3 a have checked b check c had checked
that 9 I went immediately to the
airport, I would miss the flight! I got on 4 a was delayed b delayed c is delayed
the plane and many hours later it landed 5 a was told b was said c told
-
at a new destination Dhaka, the capital 6 a hasn’t arrived b didn’t arrive c hadn’t arrived
of Bangladesh! My plane needed 7 a can b could c would
to
some other passengers.
8 a get b got c was getting
I’m still in Dhaka now! u here
for four hours so far! 112 think 9 a if b when c unless
that travelling was fun, but now I’m not 10 a to pick up b picking up c pick up
so sure! 11 a I was b I’ve been c I'd been
12 a used to b use to c did use to

U N I T 9 | A H O L I D A Y O N THE M O O N 7 9
 EXAM TIPS: Reading skills

Reading: Multiple matching

Matching people with activities and things
.
You will read short descriptions of five people and match them with the best options The options typically give
information about places, services, entertainment, restaurants, etc .
There are eight options for five people, so there will be three extra. These extra options usually fit only partially.

Exam guide: Multiple matching

• To answer this question, you should first read through the short description of each person. You should then

• Before reading through the options, think about what sort of thing you would recommend for each person.
For example, if they like eating fish, you might recommend a restaurant that specialises in fish dishes.

• Then read through each option and underline the important information.

• Always double-check and read the information carefully. Are there any traps? For example, a young man
might be looking for a summer job on an organic farm and one of the options offers this. But beware! The
young man also says he wants to improve his French and the job is in Spain, so it is not the perfect match.

• Be careful not to ‘ word spot’. If the same word is in the description and in one of the options, it might be a
trap and not a match.

REMEMBER !
: Make sure the text you choose matches all the requirements in the person’s description . :

Reading practice: Multiple matching

Synonyms
The descriptions and the
Read the text and match the words in bold with the words in the box. texts often have the same
1 information, but they are
accommodation easy -going famous secretary
written using different words .
said sorry said we would star talk programme

.
I can really recommend the holiday apartment in Pocos where we spent two weeks The owner is a
‘
.
TV 'celebrity who has a popular late- night 'chat show and is very ^ well-known in Brazil We didn’t
.
meet her, but her ^assistant was waiting for us when we arrived We ^apologised for being so late, but
he was very friendly and not at all difficult. We - promised to write a good review when we left!
1 4 7
2 5 8
3 6

8 0 E X A M TIPS A N D PRACTICE
Unknown words

2 Look at the word in bold in each sentence and choose the option you Sometimes you have to
think has the closest meaning . guess the meaning of a word
1 That actor played the lead in a film we went to see last week . you don’t know. Look at
A director B hero
the context by reading the
C role
sentences which come before
2 Parents shouldn’t be too harsh with teenagers at exam time . and after the word.
A strict B proud C miserable
3 This restaurant offers a wide range of vegetarian and vegan options .
A variety B line C sort
4 He works with a team of exciting and innovative young designers .
A athletic B creative C gentle
A useful way to check if your
Look o u t for traps answer is correct is to think about
why the other options are incorrect .
3 Read the descriptions of two people. Answer the questions.
A Gabriela wants to study English at a language school in Cambridge, where she has

££ B
an aunt she can stay with. She loves football and wants to play in a team. Her language
level is not very advanced, but she is very keen to learn. She wants small classes
of mixed nationalities so that she has to speak English with her classmates.
Winston is 25. He is very good at football and has played professionally. Now he wants to
be a sports teacher, so he needs a teaching qualification in different sports. He is looking
for a college outside a city with good sporting facilities and cheap college accommodation.

1 Which description mentions accommodation: A, B or both?

2 Which description mentions student accommodation: A, B or both?
3 Which person likes sport, especially football? Gabriela, Winston or both?
4 Which person wants to teach sport? Gabriela, Winston or both?

4 Read the descriptions of two colleges. Answer the questions.

Greystones College was built in 2003 in attractive open countryside just outside Oxford. Places are available for
our language learning courses, which are taught in small numbers or intensively, one- to- one. Students stay with
local families, to give them the greatest opportunities to practise their language skills. There are good sporting
and social activities all year round.

Hinton College is located in one of the UK’s oldest and most beautiful university cities and has a high level of
success in English language learning. Our beginner classes are taught in groups of three or four by qualified
native speakers. Social activities are arranged as part of the course and team sports are encouraged. All our
courses are from one to six months in length.
1 Underline four important facts about each college:
• where they are • how big the classes are
• what courses they offer • what other activities they offer
2 What information tells you Greystones College is not suitable for Gabriela?
3 What information tells you Hinton College is suitable for Gabriela?

E X A M TIPS A N D PRACTICE 81
 EXAM TIPS: Writing skills

Writing an email in response to an annotated message

You will see a short message from an English - speaking friend. You have to respond to the message in
.
around 100 words This tests your ability to understand a message with notes and to write a clear response.

Exam guide: Writing an email

• Read the instructions carefully so that you understand who you are writing to and why you are writing.
.
• Your answer should be around 100 words Don’t write much more or much less than that.
• Begin and end your email correctly. Use:
- your friend 's name
- an opening phrase
- one sentences for each point from the original email
- a phrase to close
- your name at the end.
• Start your sentences in different ways to make your email interesting.
• Don't copy too much language from the question: try to think of synonyms where possible.

REMEMBER !
• The message has handwritten notes which give you ideas about how to respond .
: You must use all the notes in your answer: you will lose marks if you don't!

Writing practice: Writing an email

1 Read the instructions and the statements that follow. Are the statements T ( true) or F ( false)?
You ore planning to visit your friend Robin in Canada. Read Robin's message and the notes you have made on it.
Then write an email to Robin.
True False
1 Your friend Robin is in Canada.
2 The message is from Robin.
3 Robin is planning to visit you.
4 The notes on the message are Robin’s.
5 You answer using the notes .
6 Your answer should be in email form.

8 2 E X A M TIPS A N D PRACTICE
2 Read the sentences from two emails from the same boy. One is to his
teacher, the other to his friend. Write them in the correct order under Make sure you use the
O- '

the right heading, formal or informal . appropriate style: it should

Formal Informal not be formal if you’re
writing to a friend.

I hope to be back at school on Monday. Cheers, Mike

I have a very bad cold and a high temperature. See you next week with any luck.
Dear Mr Jacobs, I’ve got an awful cold - I'm coughing and sweating.
Yours, Michael Fanshaw Hi Pru,
Please can you send me this week’s homework ? Let me know if there’s any homework, OK ?
I apologise for my absence from class yesterday. Sorry I wasn’t there yesterday.

3 Change the words in bold to make the sentences more interesting.

Use the words in the box or your own ideas.
Use a range of vocabulary:
make sure you don’t use the
amazing boring brilliant colourful cool
freezing great hate love pleasant prefer rainy
same word too many times .
1 There’s a good skate park with a good cafe near my home .

2 We had a nice camping holiday but the weather was not nice.

3 I like swimming, but if you don’t like it we can do something you’d like more.

4 The art galleries in my town are not very interesting, but the Museum of Tomorrow is very interesting .
5 We could go to the carnival: it’s very nice and the costumes are usually nice.

4 Correct the mistake in each sentence .

1 Don’t forget switch off the lights when you leave . Check your writing for any
mistakes in spelling or grammar.

2 Are you scared thunder and lightning?

3 The weather forecast says it’s going snowing tonight.

4 I can’t sing because I’ve got a very hurt throat.

E X A M TIPS A N D PRACTICE 8 3
 EXAM TIPS: Listening skills

Listening: Multiple choice

You will listen to short unrelated extracts and choose from three options. This tests your ability to listen
for specific information and answer a question about what you hear .

Exam guide: Multiple choice

• Use the time before you listen to read the questions. Read them carefully because they tell you what you
need to listen for.
• All the possible answers may be in the recording, but only one will answer the question.
• Focus on the general meaning of what you hear. You may have to listen for the person’s opinion, which is not
necessarily a single word or phrase.
• If you 're not sure, mark the answers you think are possible and check on the second listening .
• Always give an answer, even if you’re still not sure. A guess might be right.
• Use the second listening to check, even if you’re sure you are right. Don ' t stop listening!

REMEMBER!
You will hear the instructions on the recording. Listen
carefully and read the question at the same time because |
this will help you understand the topic and the context.

Listening practice: Multiple choice

1 Underline two key words or phrases in each question.

1 What time does the girl’s exam start? Underline the key words in the
2 What is the man going to buy? question. Then listen for the words
3 Which evening activity is for beginners? which mean the same as the key words.
4 Why did Caroline leave her job?
5 Where are the teacher's keys?
6 What did Hari do this morning?

2 You will hear a teenage girl speaking to her mother about

E.01
.
an exam Read the question below .
If the recording is a dialogue,
What time does the girl’s exam start?
listen for the right person: who
A It starts at 11.30. does the question refer to?
B Four o’clock .
C It begins at nine.
.
Now listen to the conversation Why are options A and B not correct ?

84 EXAM TIPS AND PRACTICE

 3 You will hear two people talking about a play they ’ve just seen. What words do you expect to hear in
connection with the three options? Choose from words in the box or use your own ideas .
too long too short boring interesting bad
great impressive old- fashioned

the length the acting the costumes

O 4 Listen to the conversation and answer the questions.

E.02
1 What did the woman think about the play?
A She thought the play was too long.
B She thought it was very disappointing.
C She liked the actors .
2 What did the man think of the costumes?
A He thought they were old- fashioned.
B He likes fifties fashion .
C He thought the clothes were terrible.
3 When is the play supposed to be set?
A the 1950s
B It’s not mentioned.
C nowadays

E X A M TIPS A N D PRACTICE 8 5
 LANGUAGE REFERENCE STARTER
Adverbs of frequency Past simple: regular and irregular verbs
Adverbs of frequency Affirmative Negative
always usually often sometimes hardly ever never
l / He / $he / lt called me. didn’t call me.
100%
I o% We / You / They

• We use adverbs of frequency to say how often

something happens. Question
We put them before the main verb, but after the verb Did I / he / she / it / we / you / they call you?
•
to be.
I often message my friends. Short answers
There are always music festivals in summer. Yes, I / he / she / it / we / you / they did.
• Often, sometimes and usually can also come at the No, I / he / she / it / we / you / they didn’t.
beginning of the sentence.
• We use the past simple to talk about completed
Sometimes, my family and I listen to music.
events and actions in the past.
I watched the band play last night.
Expressions of frequency
Three years ago, she had a great party.
every day / week / weekend / year To form the affirmative of the past simple, we add
•
once / twice / three times a day / a week / a month / a year ed or - d to the infinitive .
- -
help helped organise organised play played -
• We also use expressions of frequency to say how • For verbs ending consonant + -y, remove the -y and
often something happens. add ied.
• We usually place them after the verb phrase, but they study - studied cry - cried try - tried
can also come at the beginning or end of a sentence. • For verbs ending consonant + vowel + consonant,
/ see my friends twice a week . we double the final consonant and add - ed.
Every weekend, they give a concert. drop - dropped chat - chatted
• We can use an expression of frequency and an adverb • Many common verbs are irregular in the past simple.
of frequency in the same sentence. get - got put - put
/ usually go on holiday once a year. -
ho ve hod -
moke mode
• Question words always go at the beginning of the
Present simple and present continuous question .
• We use the present simple to talk about facts, habits How did the fire start?
and routines. Where was your brother last night?
My sister likes rock music. I use my phone every day.
• We use adverbs of frequency ( always , often, etc ) .
with the present simple and at the moment and now
with the present continuous.
My dad often plays computer games with me.
My teacher is walking into the classroom now.
• We also use the present simple to talk about future
planned events if a future time expression is used or
understood.
My mum starts work at 10 am on Friday.
Hannah can't come shopping with me this afternoon.

8 6 LANGUAGE R E F E R E N C E & P R A C T I C E
LANGUAGE PRACTICE STARTER
Present simple and present continuous Present simple for future
with adverbs of frequency
3 Put the words in the correct order to make sentences
1 Put the words in brackets in the correct place in about the future .
the sentence . 1 eight / English / at / starts / lesson / past / Our / half
1 Do you play in a band on Saturday night ?
Our English lesson starts at half past eight.
(always)
2 begin / time / the / does / tomorrow / What / concert / ?
Do you always play in a band on Saturday night?
2 We see our friends at the jazz club in town,
3 arrives / at / train / My / 6.40 / grandparents’
( sometimes)

4 six / This / phone / shuts / tonight / mobile / at / shop

3 My mum gets angry with me when I’m late,
(never)
5 the trip / We / for / morning / leave / our / in / early
4 I text my teacher when I can’t do my
homework, (hardly ever) 6 back / teacher / week / We / our / next / essays / the /
get / from
5 My brother’s football team wins the cup. (often)

Past simple
6 Are those music apps free or not? ( usually)

4 Use the prompts to make questions and answers in

2 Complete the sentences with the correct form

the past simple .
of the verbs in the box . 1 When / you see that film? / last week
When did you see that film? I/We saw it last week.
do go have post spend study 2 What time / the girls go to bed ? / after 11
1 Does your sister usually post photos
on social media? 3 Where / your parents meet? / at college
2 I’m on holiday at the moment and I a
great time! 4 What / he buy yesterday ? / a new bike
3 How much money you usually
each week?
5 How / the visitors get here? / by boat
4 What your parents when
you get good grades at school?
6 When / the last bus leave? / at ten
5 We by bus today because it ’s too cold
to walk.
6 She for exams this weekend, so she
hasn’t got much free time.

L A N C U A C E REFERENCE & PRACTICE 8 7

 LANGUAGE REFERENCE UNIT 1
Past continuous • Used to emphasises that past states, habits and
actions are now finished.
Affirmative Negative It used to be o library, but now it 's o museum.
I / He / She / It was crying. wasn't crying. We used to walk to school, but now we cycle.
We / You / They were crying. weren’t crying. • We do not use used to to talk about things that
Questions only happened once, how many times something
Was I / he / she / it crying? happened or duration.
Were we / you / they They went to the cinema yesterdoy.
They used to go to the cinema yesterday.
Short answers
My brother lived there for four years.
Yes, I / he / she / it was. My brother used to live there for four years .
we / you / they were.
• Used to does not have a present form. For present
No, I / he / she / it wasn’t. habits and states, we use the present simple.
we / you / they weren't. My cousin drinks coffee in the morning.

• We use the past continuous to talk about actions in

progress around a time in the past.
At seven o’clock, I was waiting for the bus.
Chloe was wearing jeans yesterday.
• We also use when , while and as to mean ‘during that
time’ or to connect two events happening at the
same time.
When my parents were studying, they didn’t have the
internet
While he was eating, the phone rang.
As Heather wos walking, she was singing a song.

used to
Affirmative Negative
I / He / She / It used to play didn’t use to
We / You / They football. play football.
Questions and short answers
Did I / you / he / she / it / we /
you / they use to be scared?
Yes, I / he / she / did.
it / we / you /
No,
they
didn’t.

8 8 LANGUAGE R E F E R E N C E & P R A C T I C E
LANGUAGE PRACTICE UNIT !
Past simple and past continuous with 4 Complete the conversation with the correct past
when , while and as form of the verbs in brackets.
KARIM Hi, Lena! 1 Did you finish (you / finish)
1 Complete the sentences with the past continuous your history essay yesterday?
form of the verbs in the box.
LINA No,I * (work) on it after school
cook look snew not study wear when my mum 3 (stop) me.
KARIM Why 4 (she / do) that?
1 It was snowing all day yesterday, so we
LINA Because she 5 ( want) me to
didn’t play football.
help her with dinner. Then my brother and
2 We for you after class. I* ( watch) a wildlife film on TV.
Where were you?
KARIM Oh yeah, IT (see) that ! So then I
3 Yanis - he was reading guess you 8 ( be) too tired!
a magazine!
LINA Correct!
4 Nina her new shoes for the
first time. used t o
5 What you
in the kitchen earlier ? It didn’t smell very nice! 5 Make sentences with the correct form of used to and
the verbs in the box.
2 Write sentences with when, while or as and the
correct form of the verbs. Some sentences can have not eat have live play
more than one answer.
1 Our neighbours used to have a horse,
1 Her father / wait / she arrive home
Her father was waiting when she arrived home. 2 We in a smaller apartment.

2 The doorbell / ring / 1 make tea 3 Children outside until it got dark,
4 Ollie vegetables, but he does now.
3 The boys / cycle home / their teacher drive past
g Make questions to match the answers.
1 Did you use to go to school by bus ?
4 Our friends / arrive / we prepare lunch
No, not by bus. I went to school by bike .
5 I / listen to music / Ido my homework 2
No, my sister's never eaten meat .
3 ?
3 Circle the correct option.
No, my sister played with me, but not my brother .
1 What did they do /<$[ere they doing) when
4 ?
( we caWeSfrwere colling them?
Olives? No, and I still hate them!
2 She wotched f wos wotching a film when her
computer broke I was breaking . y Circle the correct options.
3 I didn' t see / wasn' t seeing you while I shopped /
wos shopping in town. ^^ British
R schoolteachers in the 1950s l 4jsed to write)/ used
writing on chalkboards because, of course, they
4 The police stopped / were stopping her when she 3 didn t have weren't
' / having today ’s technology. They
drove / wos driving to work . 3
used to talk / did talk a lot while the children 4 were
5 We walked f were walking to school when the rain sitting / didn't sit quietly. School books never 5 didn’t use
started / wos starting . to look / looked very interesting and there weren’t any
6 They shouted / were shouting for ages, but nobody -
videos t0 watch Many teachers 6 used to be / were being
heard f was hearing them . stricter than they are now, too.

L A N C U A C E REFERENCE & PRACTICE 8 9

 LANGUAGE REFERENCE UNIT 2
Present perfect: regular verbs

Affirmative / Negative Questions

have walked /
I / We / You / They Have I / we / you / they
haven’t walked
has walked /
to school . walked to school?
He / She / It Has he / she / it
hasn't walked
Short answers
I / we / you / they have. I / we / you / they haven’t.
Yes, No,
he / she / it has. he / she / it hasn’t .

• We use the present perfect to talk about actions, Present perfect with just
experiences and facts in the past, when the exact time • We use just with the present perfect to talk about
is not mentioned or important. very recent events and actions .
The orchestra have played my favourite song. I’ve just heard the good news. It 's fantastic!
He has visited the art exhibition. Dad’s just got home and he’s feeling tired.
• We form the affirmative with subject + have/ has +
Present perfect with already , still and y e t
past participle.
.
I’ve talked to Danielle She’s asked me for help . • We often use already , still and yet with the present
perfect.
• We form the negative with subject + haven’ t / hasn’t +
Jack has already been to the exhibition twice.
past participle.
We still haven’t chosen a film to watch.
Max hasn’t auditioned for the part.
I haven’t had time to go shopping yet.
They haven’t performed in front of an audience .
• We use already to explain that something happened
• We form questions in the present perfect with have/
before we expected or to emphasise it has happened.
has + subject + past participle. We often use ever in
We normally put already between have and the past
present perfect questions to ask about your whole life.
participle.
Has she ever had drum lessons?
She has already bought a ticket. I have already seen
Have you ever been to the theatre?
the show.
• We often use never to say ‘not at any time’ when
• We use still in negative sentences to express that
answering these questions . something we expected has not happened but we
A: Has he ever met a famous person? B: No, never.
imagine it will happen in the future. We put still
• Regular past participles end in ed, -d or - ied. directly after the subject.
want - wanted believe - believed worry - worried My uncle still hasn’t seen the new ploy.
Present perfect: irregular verbs • We use yet in negative sentences to emphasise that
• Many common verbs have irregular past participles. something we expected has not happened. We putyef
go - gone put - put be - been make - mode after the complete verb phrase.
-
see - seen hear heard John hasn’t arrived yet.
I haven’t asked my parents for permission yet.
• We use go (gone) to say somebody has not returned
from a place or from doing an activity. We use be • We use yet in questions to ask if something has
(been) to say somebody has returned from a place or happened before now. It comes at the end of the
from doing an activity. question .
They ’ve gone to Rome. ( They are in Paris now.) Have you bought the bus tickets yet?
They ’ve been to Rome. ( They have returned.) • In short answers in the negative, we say Not yet .
A: Have you spoken to the drama teacher? B: Not yet.

90 LANCUACE REFERENCE & PRACTICE

LANGUAGE PRACTICE UNIT 2
Present perfect with regular and irregular Present perfect with just , already , still ,
verbs and y e t

1 Complete the sentences with the present perfect 4 Put the words in the correct order .
form of the verbs in brackets. 1 written / I’ve / some / lyrics / just / cool
1 A TV celebrity has opened (open) a new I've just written some cool lyrics.
supermarket in our town . 2 Hamlet / seen / a / just / of / She’s / performance
2 This Chinese circus (not
perform ) in Europe before.
3 song / We / just / our / first / recorded / have
3 I (look) everywhere, but I can’t
find my phone.
4 the / started / just / They’ve / rehearsal
4 the DJ ( play)
your favourite song?
5 auditioned / a / for / show / a / just / Mina / has /
5 Our teacher ( work) as a
part / in
film- maker.
6 they (invite)
you to their exhibition? 5 Circle the correct sentences.
1 A <She still hasn't played in a professional oreheetczP.
2 Complete the sentences with been or gone.
B She yet hasn’t played in a professional orchestra .
.
1 We’ve been on holiday We came home yesterday . 2 A The concert tickets haven’t arrived yet .
2 Felix has to Brazil three times . B The concert tickets haven’t arrived still .
3 The children have out, but they 3 A Have you read this review? No, already not .
won’t be late . B Have you read this review? No, not yet .
4 I’ve shopping. Please help me 4 A Janek has already seen that film twice .
with my bags. B Janek has still seen that film twice.
5 Where’s Jared? Has he to bed?
6 Put the words in brackets in the correct position in
6 My mum’s not here She’s . to work . the sentences .
3 Write questions with the present perfect and the 1 Esma has heard from the film director, ( just )
phrases in the box. Then write true answers. Esma has just heard from the film director.
be-te-a-sctence museum take music lessons 2 Has she had her audition? (yet)
make a sculpture see a ballet win a prize
3 Yes, she’s had an audition and an interview ( already).
1 Have you ever been to a science museum?
.
Yes I have. / No.I haven't. 4 Has she heard what part she’s got? (yet)
2
3 5 No, the director hasn’t told her. (still)
4
5
6

LANCUACE REFERENCE & PRACTICE 91

 LANGUAGE REFERENCE UNIT 3
can , could , will be able t o Present perfect and p a s t simple
• We often use can to talk about ability to do something • We use the past simple when the moment in which
in the present. something happened has ended. When it happened
She con speak English and Polish. isn’t always mentioned, usually because it is clear.
• We often use could to talk about ability to do I went to Liverpool in June, ( it 's now July)
something in the past. They began the exam two minutes ago. (it ’s now 10.02,
We could visit the pyramids when we went to Egypt. not 10.00)
She wanted to ask you a question, (when I spoke to her )
• We often use will be able to to talk about ability to do
something in the future. • We use the present perfect when something started
/ will be able to translate this document tomorrow. or happened in the past and continues to be true until
now. We can say how long something has been true,
Present perfect with for / since and but not when it started.
How long ... ? I ’ve been to Liverpool, (when isn't specified, but it
continues to be true)
For and since
They've begun the exam, (and the exam hasn’ t finished)
• We use for and since with the present perfect to say She’s wanted to ask you a question for a few days , (she
how long something has been true. continues to want to)
She hasn’t lived in Manchester for three years.
I ’ve lived here since I was seven.
• We use for with periods of time.
Liam ’s had a new bike for three days.
My parents have been married for 21 years.
• We use since with a reference to a specific time.
We've been best friends since 2009.
Emma and Anno haven’t seen each other since June.
How tong ...
?
..
• We use How long . ? + present perfect to ask about
the duration of a state or activity.
A: How long have you known Greg?
B: I’ve known him since 2012.

92 LANGUAGE REFERENCE & PRACTICE

LANGUAGE PRACTICE UNIT 3
can , could , will be able to Present perfect with for / since and How long ... ?

1 Are the sentences about the P ( past), Pr (present ) or F 4 Complete the sentences with for or since .
( future ) ? 1 I have known my friend Victoria for four years.
1 We won’t be able to wave goodbye when they leave. 2 She hasn’t seen her grandparents a long
F time.
2 I can translate the instructions for you. 3 We’ve lived in this apartment 2010.
3 He will be able to come to the meeting. 4 Have you been at home lunchtime?
4 My parents couldn ’t understand their Turkish
guests. 5 Make questions with How long and the correct form
of the verb.
5 She couldn’t hear her phone, so she didn’t answer.
1 you / be at this school ?

6 We can’t wait or we’ll miss our bus. How long have you been at this school?
2 she / know her best friend ?
2 Complete the text with the correct form of con ,
could or will be able to .
3 they / live near you ?
Beatriz comes from Sao Paulo, so she t can
speak Brazilian Portuguese very well. She speaks 4 Lucas / have that phone ?
English fairly well, but she 2 always
understand if people talk too fast. When she was
younger, she 3 speak Spanish, but she
studied it at school and now she 4 . Next
Present perfect and past simple
year, she ’s going to stay with an aunt in Luzern.
6 Circle the correct options.
She 5 learn Swiss German there, but she
1 My motherings workeefy worked at this museum
understand people in the French and
Italian speaking regions of the country. © since 2004.
2 He has told / told me the same joke yesterday.
3 Circle the correct options. 3 They haven't begun / didn't begin the exam yet.
1 We hear the speaker because he's talking 4 Has she ever told / Did she ever tell lies before?
quietly.
A could B couldn ’t C (can’t) 7 Complete the conversation with the correct form of
the verbs in brackets.
2 Hamza is so good at languages. He speak
a lot of them! LUIS Sorry I’m late, Vlad. How long 1 have you been
A will be able to B could C can (be) here?
3 My parents choose to learn Greek or Latin VLAD No problem, 12 ( just get) here.
when they were at school. LUIS * the teacher
A could B can C can’t (arrive) yet?
4 I hope I help you later. I’ll be free this evening. VLAD No, not yet . She 4 (tell) us
A can’t B will be able to C could yesterday that she might be late.
5 We see the video if we miss the next class. LUIS Oh , did she? 15 (not hear) that.
A couldn’t B won’t be able to C canto Your English is very good!
6 visit the British Museum when you ’re in VLAD Thanks! I (study) it since 5th
London next week? grade.
A Able you to B Can you able to C Will you be
able to

L A N G U A G E REFERENCE & PRACTICE 9 3

 LANGUAGE REFERENCE UNIT 4
Quantifiers • We use should to say what we think is a good
idea or important to do - to give advice and
Countable Uncountable recommendations.
a few a little You should stay in bed if you have a fever.
enough enough Laura shouldn’t use her phone before bed.
too many too much • Should is the same in all forms. We use an infinitive
without to after should.
• We use quantifiers to talk about the amount of John should get more sleep. (John should to get
something. more sleep.)
• We use a few and a little to express small quantities . • We use ought to when talking about things which are
I’ve got a few messages that I need to reply to. desired or ideal.
I hove a little time to watch TV, but not much. We ought to eat lots of fruit and vegetables every doy.
• We use too manyltoo much to say that an amount
is excessive.
There were too many options. I didn’t know what to
choose!
There was too much noise and I couldn’t sleep.
• We use enough to say that a quantity is sufficient and
not enough to say that a quantity is insufficient .
We’ve got enough players to make two teams .
I didn’t have enough time to answer all the questions .
should / shouldn ’ t / ought t o
Affirmative Negative
I / He / She / It
should help. shouldn’t help.
We / You / They

Questions
l / he / she / it /
Should help?
we / you / they
Short answers
Yes, l / he / she / it / should.
No, we / you / they shouldn’t.

9 4 LANGUAGE R E F E R E N C E & P R A C T I C E
LANGUAGE PRACTICE UNIT 4
Quantifiers should / shouldn ' t / ought to

1 Match the beginnings of the sentences with the ends. 5 Complete the sentences with should, shouldn't
1 Please be quiet, there's a too much time, do they? or ought .
2 Too many students b too many late nights. 1 You shouldn’t worry about the test -
it’ll be easy!
3 Yoga exercises c too many hours sitting
don’t take at a desk! 2 Melody to go to bed early
4 You ’ll be tired if d too much noise in here.
and get more sleep.
you have e are worried about
3 Paula stay at home if she’s
5 Do you think there’s their exams.
feeling ill?
4 I to have more fish, but I
6 Muscles get weak if f too much stress in
don’t really like it.
you spend your life?
5 We buy too many sweet
2 Complete the sentences with a little or a few. things - they’re bad for our teeth.
1 Ido a few yoga exercises every morning at 7 am.
6 Correct the mistake in each sentence .
2 Jorge can give you help in the gym if you need it.
1 We sheuldf& take our coats today because
3 There are adjustable desks in our classroom,
it’s really cold.
4 You should take exercise during long study We should take our coats today because its
sessions.
5 Karla needs more time to finish her homework,
, .
really cold
2 Bella ought be more easygoing: she worries
6 Stop working for minutes and take a walk. too much .
3 Put the words in the correct order .
1 the / time / didn’t / We / to / test / have / enough / finish 3 You should to stay in bed if you have a fever .
We didn’t have enough time to finish the test.
2 bike / enough / buy / Gisela 's / to / a / money / new / got 4 Who should I to ask when I need advice?

3 team / make / There / students / a / are / enough / to 5 We shouldn’t all drink enough water.

4 drive / old / you / car / Are / a / enough / to / ?

7 Complete the text with the phrases in the box.
5 me / adjustable / enough / This / high / isn't / desk / for
ought to ask ought to do should find
should listen should rood should speak
shouldn’t start shouldn’t worry
4 Circle the correct option.
l (A few } A little new students joined our swimming class . Top tips for improving your English
2 I’ve got time enough / enough time to help you . You 1 should read English language magazines
3 These desks cost too much / too many money. or websites. YouJ this as often as
4 There were a little / a few problems we couldn’t solve . possible. If you like reading, you 3
5 Has everyone got too much / too many stress in their lives? English books or stories, but you 4
your teacher for recommendations. You
6 Emilio takes a little / a few exercise but not much .
with something that’s too difficult,
You * to as much English as possible
too: podcasts, radio and TV are all good.

L A N C U A C E REFERENCE & PRACTICE 9 5

 LANGUAGE REFERENCE UNIT 5
First conditional Second conditional
if - clause Main clause if - clause Main clause
[if present simple) { will / won’t, moy/ might ( if * present simple) { would/could/ might
* *
(not), could ) infinitive)
If I pass all my exams, my parents will / may / If I knew him, I would / could / might ask
might buy me a present . him .
If I don’t pass all my exams, I won’t / may not / might If I didn’t know him, I wouldn’t / couldn’t /
Unless I pass all my exams, not go on holiday. might not ask him.
Main clause if - clause Main clause if - clause
(will /won’t, may/ might ( if * present simple) (iwould/could/ might + [if * past simple)
[ not ) , could ) infinitive)
My parents will / may / if I pass my exams. I would / could / might ask if I knew him.
might buy me a present him
My parents won ’ t buy me if I don’t pass all my exams , I wouldn’t / couldn’t / if I didn’t know him.
a present unless I pass all my exams. might notask him
Question Question
Will my parents buy me a if I don’t pass all my Would you ask him if you knew him?
present exams?
• We use the second conditional to talk about
• We use first conditional sentences to talk about imaginary situations in the present and their possible
possible situations in the present or future and say consequences.
what we think the result will be. • We use if * past simple (affirmative or negative) to
• We often use if * present simple to describe the describe the imaginary situation and would , could or
possible action or event. might for the consequence.
We ’ll pass the exam if we work hard. If he didn’t like you, he wouldn ft talk to you.
• We can use unless + present simple instead of if not. • We use would [ not ) when we are sure of the
Unless we hurry up, we’ll miss the train. consequence.
He would do better in school if he didn’t spend all his
• We use will/ won' t * infinitive when we are sure of
the result and may or might * infinitive when we time playing computer games .
are less sure. • We use could [ not ) to express a possibility or ability as
If we don’t leave now, we won’t catch the 8:30 bus. a consequence.
If my grandfather doesn’t feel better, he may not visit If it was Saturday, we could go out for pizza.
this weekend. I could do some volunteer work if I didn’t need to study
I might go the beach if it 's warm enough. so much.
• When we use if to start the sentence, we use a comma • We use might [ not ) to show we are less sure about the
between the two parts. consequence.
If I ’ve got enough money, I’ll go on holiday. If I had more free time, I might take up the guitar.
Madison might lend you her laptop if you asked her.
• We normally use will to make first conditional
questions. It is unusual to use may or might . • We can use was or were in the if - part of the sentence
Will you chat with me online this evening if you have time? with /, he/ she and it.
If it wasn' t /weren’t so spicy, I could finish it.
I wouldn’t soy anything if I were/ was you.

9 6 LANGUAGE R E F E R E N C E & P R A C T I C E
LANGUAGE PRACTICE UNIT 5
First conditional 4 Complete the second conditional sentences with the
correct form of the words in brackets.
1 Circle the correct option. 1 If I had (have) the answer to the problems of
1 If will hove enough time, I 'll help you pick climate change, I would toll (tell) you.
up litter. 2 She ( not ask) you to come if she
2 Unless Jenny calls, we don't know / won’t know ( not like ) you .
where she is. 3 We ( not endanger) animals so much if we
3 Many more fish will die if they eat / will eat our (not destroy) their habitats.
plastic waste. 4 If we ( live ) near the sea, I think our home
4 If / Unless we use solar power, we will reduce air ( be) in danger.
pollution. 5 I ( not eat ) meat if I ( be) you.
5 We might go swimming later if the sun comes / will
come out. 5 Correct the mistake in each sentence.
1 What would you do if you had won a million euros?
2 Put the phrases in the correct order.
What would you do if you wona million euros?
1 I might / 1 have enough money, / If / buy a new phone
2 If you didn’t work so hard you would get so stressed.
If I have enough money. I might buy a new phone.
2 come to school later / you feel better / if / Will you / ?
3 Would those animals safer if they lived in a zoo?

3 if / Henry will / he leaves last / switch off the lights

4 I didn ’ t eat fish unless I lived near the sea .

4 climate change, / our planet / Unless / we stop /

will get hotter
6 Write second conditional sentences about the
5 we’ll miss / we don’t leave soon, / the beginning of
problems .
1 I haven’t got enough money to buy a new phone
the film / If
have more money / buy a new phone

6 we collect all the plastic / The ocean / if / might get

If I had more money. I would buy a new phone.
cleaner 2 This coffee isn’t sweet enough.
this coffee / be better / if / you add / a little sugar to it

Second conditional
3 We’re not healthy because the air is polluted,
3 Choose the correct words to complete the sentences. we all / be healthier / if / the air / not polluted
1 Our planet would be in danger if all the insects
would disappear / ($s a> ppeared).
4 There are enough insects to feed everybody,
2 What would you do / did you do if someone gave
you a plastic straw? if / we all / eat insects / nobody / be hungry
3 W here would you travel / would you travelled i f you
had enough money ?
4 There would be more oxygen if they wouldn't
destroy / didn’t destroy rainforests.
5 We could reduce the effects of climate change if we
would use / used solar power.

L A N C U A C E REFERENCE & PRACTICE 9 7

 LANGUAGE REFERENCE UNIT 6
Present simple passive

Affirmative Negative
This bottle is isn’t
made of plastic. made of plastic.
These toys are aren’t
Questions Short answers

Is this bottle it is. it isn’t.

made of plastic? Yes, they No, they
Are these toys
are. aren’t.

• We use the passive form to describe actions and processes when we are not interested in, or don’t know, who is
responsible for the action or process.
English is spoken in many countries.
Many plastic bottles aren't recycled.
• To form the present simple passive , we use is / are [ not ) + past participle .
The streets are cleaned on Sundays after the market finishes.
• We form questions with Is/ Are + subject + past participle .
Is the main square decorated during the festival?
When are the results sent to students?

Past simple passive

Affirmative Negative
The rubbish was wasn’t
thrown away. thrown away.
The old chairs were weren’t
Questions Short answers

Was the rubbish it was. it wasn’t.

thrown away? Yes, they No, they
Were the old chairs
were. weren’t.

• We use the past simple passive to describe actions and processes in the past.
The competition winners were given books and a certificate.
• To form the past simple passive, we use was/ were [ not ) + past participle.
The first CD was mode in 1982.
Some of us weren't invited to the party.
• To form questions, we use was/ were + subject + past participle.
Were the instructions written in Spanish or Portuguese?

Passive + by

• We use by with the passive to show who or what was responsible for the action .
The ‘Merchant of Venice’ was written by Shakespeare .
A lot of houses were destroyed by the fire.

9 8 LANGUAGE R E F E R E N C E & P R A C T I C E
LANGUAGE PRACTICE UNIT 6
Present simple passive Past simple passive

1 Complete the conversation with the present simple 4 Complete the sentences with the past simple
passive form of the verbs in brackets. passive form of the verbs in brackets.
ANA How much waste 1 is recycled (recycle) 1 Thefrisbee was invented ( invent) by
in your home? American college students.
BEN Well, glass and metal 2 2 The Shard (build) near the river in London .
.
(collect) every week I'm not sure what 3 My favourite picture (paint ) by Frida Kahlo .
(do) with other materials we
4 The factory workers ( not pay) very much,
recycle. Some waste 4 (burn) . 5 English (speak) in many holiday resorts.
ANA Yes, but burning waste isn’t great. The air
(pollute) because dangerous Write questions using the past simple passive.
gases like methane 6 (create) . 5 1 what clothes / wear / by teenagers in the 1950s
BEN True, but you can do simple things to help. I
What clothes were worn by teenagers in the 1950s?
never buy fruit that 7 (pack) in
plastic and very little energy 8 2 who / that amazing building / design by
(waste) in our apartment .
3 where / the American soldiers / send
2 Complete the text with the present simple passive
form of the verbs in the box.
4 what / those old wooden boxes / use for
eat fly not grow pack process
produce sell send
A6 .
Answer the questions in Exercise 5 Use the
A lot of the food that 1 is eaten in the UK information given.
there. Oranges, for example, 1 blue jeans and T- shirts
in California. They
5lue jeans and T-shirts were worn by teenagers in
there and then they
to airports in Europe. Lorries the 1950s .
transport the fruit to towns, where they 2 Frank Lloyd Wright
in supermarkets. Incredibly, some
food 7 by ship to China, where it 3 to Europe
8
before returning to Europe.

3 Circle the correct option to complete the sentences. 4 packing equipment

1 Where BMW cars 7
...
A did produce B <gre ... produced)
C produced by ... 7 Rewrite the questions using the past simple passive
2 The equipment in a small factory near here.
with by .
A is pack B packed C is packed Who found those beautiful cave paintings?
3 Avery strong tape these boxes. Who were those beautiful cave paintings found by?
A is secured B secures C are secured 2 What destroyed the city of Pompeii?
4 Their work every day by the managers.
A inspects B is inspecting C is inspected 3 Who wrote Romeo and Juliet ?
5 The end product for many different things.
A uses B is used C has used 4 Who built Machu Picchu?

L A N C U A C E REFERENCE & PRACTICE 9 9

 LANGUAGE REFERENCE UNIT 7
Past perfect

Affirmative Negative
I / You / He / She / It I / You / He / She / It hadn’t
had forgotten . (had + not) forgotten.
We / You / They We / You / They

Questions Short answers

I / you / he / she / it Yes, I / you / he / she / it had.

Had forgotten?
we / you / they No, we / you / they hadn’t.

• We use the past perfect with other past tenses to talk about actions or states that happened before the main past
action or state.
We hadn’t seen the news , so we didn’t know about the storms.
I couldn’t call you on Friday because I hod left my phone ot home.

Reported statements
Direct speech Reported speech
Present simple ‘I want some new jeans’. He said (that) he wanted some new jeans .
Present continuous ‘We’re making our own clothes’. He said (that ) they were making their own clothes.
Past simple ‘I had a great time’. She said (that ) she’d had a great time.
Present perfect ‘We’ve just seen a live concert '. She said ( that ) they’d just seen a live concert.

-
When we report somebody ’s words, we often have to change the verb forms see the table above for how the verb
forms change.
We often need to change pronouns in reported speech.
1
You hove to arrive before 7 pm\ - He said (that ) we had to arrive before 7 pm.

1 0 0 LANGUAGE R E F E R E N C E & P R A C T I C E
LANGUAGE PRACTICE UNIT 7
Past perfect 4 Write the direct speech in reported speech.
1 ‘I had an interesting holiday ’ .
1 Complete the sentences with the past perfect form He said ( that ) he' d had an interesting holiday.
of the verbs in brackets . 2 ‘I’ve already read the film review ' .
1 I couldn’t go to the performance because I
Maria said (that)
had been (be) ill . 3 ‘We’re making pizzas for dinner.’
2 She (not sleep) very well, so she felt tired
They said ( that )
all day.
4 ‘Juan can’t leave before eight ’ .
3 I was happy because my team (win).
I told them ( that)
4 We realised that we .
( meet ) once before
5 He (know) about the event for a longtime . 5 Write the reported speech in direct speech.
1 She said she’d booked tickets for the exhibition .
2 Circle the correct option . booked tickets for the exhibition.'
' ’ve
I
1 When we arrived, the street party
2 He told me he didn’t watch any daytime TV.
A already was started. B has already started .
C <Sgd already started)
2 I didn’t want to see the movie until I the book . 3 Jacky said she was waiting for her friend to arrive .
A was read B had read C hadn't read
3 When we heard the noise, we knew something 4 We told them we had never heard that band .
.
A had happened B happened C happens . .
4 They were so late that the performance
Read the email. Then complete the reported speech
.
A has nearly finished B nearly had finished. ®
below.
C had nearly finished .
5 Yolanda ran to the station but the train
A had just leave. B had just left. Home Inbox Sent Hew
C wasjustleft.
Hi Diana,
Reported statements Bernie and I are having a brilliant time in Rio! We're
staying near the Copacabona beach, so we've swum
3 Circle the correct option. every doy.The carnival has been amazing. I've never
1 They(gayjftell that it 's the biggest carnival in the world. seen so many fabulous costumes. We've loved every
minute! Actually, we don't want to leave!
2 Edwin said/ told everyone that he wasn’t coming.
Love, Susie
3 Did anyone say/ tell you what time the film began?
4 I have already soid/ told you not to do that.
I've just hod an email from Susie, who's in Rio with
5 The ticket soys/ tells that costumes are optional. Bernie. She said they 1i were having a brilliant
time. She soid they 2 near the
Copocabono beach, so they 3 every
day. She wrote that the carnival 4
amazing. She said that she 5 so
mony fabulous costumes. She told me that they
every minute. Actuolly, they
7
to leave!

LANCUACE REFERENCE & PRACTICE 101

 LANGUAGE REFERENCE UNIT 8
c a n / c a n’ t , be a l l o w e d t o n e e d t o / d o n ’ t need to

Affirmative/ Negative Affirmative Negative

I’m (not) I / We / You / need to work. don’t need to work .
You / We / They’re (not ) allowed to run. They
He / She / It ’s (not) He / She / It needs to doesn’t need to work.
Short answers work.
Questions
Am I Yes, I am . Questions
No, I’m not . Do I / we / you / they need to work?
Are you / Yes, you / we / they are . Does he / she / it
we / allowed No, you / we / they Short answers
they to run? aren’t . Yes, I / we / you / do. No, I / we / you / don’t.
Is he / Yes, he / she / it is . they they
she / No, he / she / it isn’t . he / she / it does. he / she / it doesn’t.
it
• We use need to say that there is an obligation to do
• We use be allowed to to say that we have
something.
permission to do something.
I need to go home after class.
We’re allowed to use my aunt ’s laptop.
You're not allowed to take these books out of the library. • We use don' t need to to say there is no obligation to do
something.
• We often contract be in negative sentences . I don' t need to take the bus . I can walk.
They aren't allowed to have phones in class.
He isn’t allowed to go to the party .
have t o / d o n’ t have t o
m u s t / m u s t n' t Affirmative / Negative
Affirmative Negative I / We / You / They have to learn / don’t have to learn .
I / He / She / It must go. mustn’t go.
He / She / It has to learn / doesn’t have to learn.
We / You / They Questions
Do I / we / you / they have to learn?
• We use must to say what we think it is necessary Does he / she / it
to do, to talk about obligation and to give strong
Short answers
recommendations.
/ must start studying more.
Yes, I / we / you / they do. No, I / we / you don’t.
You must listen to this song. It ’s fantastic! / they
• We use mustn' t to say what we think it is necessary he / she / it does . he / she / it doesn’t.
not to do, to talk about prohibition and to give • We use have to to say what it is necessary to do.
strong advice against something. You have to answer all the questions in the exam.
We mustn’t forget to buy her a present . He has to wear a uniform at school.
Tell them that they mustn ’t be late tomorrow. • We use don' t have to to say that it is not necessary to do
• Questions with must are not very common as they something, but that you can do it If you want.
sound quite formal. We tend to use have to instead. You don't have to help me with my homework .
Must I go to bed so early? Do I hove to go to bed so Elsie doesn’t have to get up early tomorrow.
early? • Question words go at the beginning of the question.
• Must is the same in all forms. How much homework do you have to do every day?
• We use an infinitive without to after must . When do we have to make a decision?

102 LANGUAGE REFERENCE & PRACTICE

LANGUAGE PRACTICE UNIT 8
can / can ’ t , be allowed t o have t o , m u s t and need t o

I Write positive [+] or negative [-] sentences with 4 Correct the mistake in each sentence .
can or canft . 1 She don’t have to sit at the front of the class.
1 Susanna / come with us tomorrow [ ] .- She doesn't have to sit at the front of the class.
Susanna can't come with us tomorrow . 2 You have be well- behaved on the school bus.
2 we / write in our English books. [ +)

3 Luis and his friend needs to finish their homework .

.
3 James / use his brother’s bike [+]
4 Must we to come into school at the weekend?
4 they / play in a professional orchestra [- ].

2 Write sentences with be allowed to and the verb i

brackets .
P 5 Circle the correct option.
1 It isn’t necessary to write a thank -you letter.
A <S£t7don' t have to write a lettjfr. B You mustn ' t
1 We 're allowed to wear ( wear) boots in the winter . write a letter.
2 Andrea (have) her laptop in class . 2 I can go to the gym by bike .
3 Franklin (not /drive) his father’s car . .
A I need to take the bus B I don’t need to take
the bus.
4 Children ( not / be) rude to their parents .
3 It’s important for me to revise for exams.
3 Make questions and short answers with be allowed to . .
A I don’t need to revise B I must revise.
1 your teachers / give detention / yes 4 We’re not allowed to run in the corridors .
Are your teachers allowed to #ive detention? A We don’t have to run, but we can .
B We mustn’t run.
Yes. they are.
5 You must watch this video!
2 your little sister / wear make-up / no
A I strongly recommend it . B I don’t think you’ll
like it .
6 Complete the swimming pool rules with the phrases
3 they / use online dictionaries / yes
in the box.

don’t have to use don’t need to bring

have to have have to wear mustn’t come
4 we / eat all these cakes / no
must remember mustn’t run need to pay

You 1 mustn't come into the pool area in outdoor

shoes. You rubber shoes round the
5 Carlos / play football with us / yes pool. You 3 attention on wet surfaces
and you 4 at any time. There are
lockers in the changing rooms, but you
5 them. You * your
own towel, because towels are provided. However, if you
do use ours, you 1 to leave them in the
basket provided. Finally, swimmers under the age of ten
an accompanying adult.

L A N C U A C E REFERENCE & PRACTICE 103

 LANGUAGE REFERENCE UNIT 9
be going t o and present continuous • We can use the future continuous to talk about
actions in progress at a point in time in the
Affirmative / Negative Questions future.
’m / ’m Am I My sister will be living in London next year. Next
not Saturday; we’ll be sitting on the beach.
He / She / It ’s / isn’t going to Is he / she / it going to • We use will/ won’ t when we feel sure about the
tell him. tell him? action in progress, and may ( not )/ might ( not )
Are we / you /
We / You / ’re / when we're less sure.
They aren’t they They ’ll be answering questions online at 1 pm.
Short answers We might be having dinner at 9 pm.
I am. I’m not . Relative pronouns and relative
Yes, he / she / it is. No, he / she / it isn’t. clauses
we / you / they are. we / you / they aren’t. • We use relative clauses to make the person,
place or thing we are talking about clear.
• We use be going to to talk about future actions we have
My aunt has a friend who makes beautiful bags.
decided to do. This is the song that I told you about.
After we finish school, I’m going to troveI to Australia.
• We use relative pronouns at the beginning of
My grandparents are going to stay with us this summer.
relative clauses. We do not repeat the subject
• We use the appropriate present form of be ( not ) + going + to
pronoun when the subject of the pronoun and
+ verb. following clause are the same .
I’m going to wear my new jeans and my red T-shirt.
We know a lot of people who live in the village.
We’re not going to take the bus.
We know a lot of people who they live in the
• We form questions with be + subject + going + to + verb. village:
When are you going to start studying for the exams?
Is she going to get here before 9 o'clock?
• We use who or that to talk about people .
The man who/ that lives next door works at night.
Present continuous for future She’s the scientist who ’s/ that ’s moving to
We use the present continuous to talk about future
Antarctica next year.
•
arrangements when they have a fixed date. • We use that or which to talk about things.
They 're getting married this summer. I don’t like books which/ that have sad endings.
What ore you doing this weekend? I ’m going shopping I want boots which/ that I can wear all year.
with my parents. • We use where to talk about places.
That ’s the office where my uncle works.
Future continuous
Try the restaurant where we had my party.
Affirmative / Negative
• We use when to talk about time.
I / You / He / will / won’t be lying on the beach Thot was the day when we were late for school.
She / It / We / may / may not this time next week. It ’s the holiday when everyone is happiest.
You / They might / might not
• We use why to talk about reasons.
Question Short answers You studied a lot. That ’s why you passed!
Will I / you / he / be lying on the Yes,I / you / he / I lost my passport . That ’s why I’m so sad.
she / it / we / beach this time she / it / we / you • We use whose to talk about possessions.
you / they next week? / they will. Do you remember the name of the guy whose
No, I / you / he / phone charger I borrowed last week?
she / it / we / you
/ they won’t.

104 LANGUAGE R E F E R E N C E & P R A C T I C E

LANGUAGE PRACTICE UNIT 9
be going t o and present continuous Relative pronouns and relative clauses

1 Complete the sentences with the correct form of 4 Circle the correct option .
be going to and the verb in brackets. 1 I didn’t know the personwhich sat next to me
1 We are going to visit (visit) our old neighbours at on the train.
the weekend. 2 She’s the girl who/ whose mother is from Chile.
2 She (not come) with us to Peru, 3 Is August the time which/ when it rains a lot in
3 He (leave) for the station at nine, Scotland?
4 They (deliver) the products by 4 This is the book that /whose was banned in the 1940s.
drone next year. 5 That ’s the place why/where they used to meet .
5 Flights (not be) cheaper in 6 It’s the holidays and that 's where/ why I’m happy!
future, are they ?
6 you 5 Correct the mistake in each sentence .
the train tickets online? 1 Do you know who bags these are?
Do you know whose bags these are?
Present continuous for future 2 She can’t remember when she wanted to buy .
2 Put the words in order .
3 That is the language school she will be studying.
1 train / travelling / on / to / the / night / Madrid / We’re
We re travelling to Madrid on the night train.
4 I’ll never forget the time which I met Adele.
2 meeting / the / friends / their / They’re / on / bus

5 Is there a reason where you don’t want to fly?

3 on / summer / going / I’m / trip / this / school / a

4 for / you / Are / birthday / having / a / your / party / ? 0 Complete the conversation with the clauses in the
box and the correct relative pronoun.
5 tonight / isn’t / our / Stella / to / concert / coming father was the artist told us she recommended
was the artist we could wait you-teek

Future continuous ALEXIA Are those the photos 1 that/ which you took
on holiday?

3 Complete the text with the phrases in the box. KARL Yes,I took this one in Paris, remember?
will be building will be cycling will be driving ALEXIA Of course! It was our first day. We found a
will be making will be using won’t be doing museum 2 for the rain to
stop .
More people 1 willbednving electric cars in the
KARL That ’s right! And look - this was the girl
future, in my opinion. Transport companies 3 about the exhibition.
2 driverless trucks, too But I.
wonder how teenagers 3 their ALEXIA Was she the person 4 ?

daily journeys in 20 years? Many believe that they KARL No, but she knew the man
5
4 more, but they 5 and that ’s
that unless road conditions are improved. Today’s the exhibition.
6

keen cyclists hope that town planners

more cycle lanes by the time
their children are teenagers .
L A N C U A C E REFERENCE & PRACTICE 105
 LANCUACE BANK

STARTER UNIT !
Vocabulary Vocabulary
Technology Describing people

app device emoji screen active ambitious calm cheerful

social media video chat confident helpful inspiring patient
sensible sensitive sociable talented
Feelings
Phrasal verbs
angry bored embarrassed cheer (somebody) up
excited nervous upset deal with
depend on
Music
get on with
bass DJ drums fans folk heavy metal give up
jazz keyboard rap reggae hang out
look up to
Language in action take care of
Present simple and present continuous with adverbs
Language in action
of frequency
Past simple and past continuous with when , while
Present simple for future
and as
Past simple
Used to
Writing
Speaking
Useful language
Everyday English
... ...
isa (n) app
Go ahead.
It’s great because ...
Good for ( her ]!
In my opinion, there are a couple of problems with it .
.
Overall, I think it’s . .
I’m with you there .
The thing is ...
I really recommend it.
Useful language
Can I ask you a few questions?
Can you tell us ? ...
.
First of all, ..
One more thing .. .
.
That’s all
Writing
Useful language
Forme, ...
In my opinion, ...
In my view, ...
Personally, I think ...

106 LANGUAGE BANK

LANCUACE BANK

UNIT 2 UNIT 3
Vocabulary Vocabulary
Visual and performing arts Communicating

architecture contemporary dance exhibition describe gesture greet interpret

fashion design filmmaking gallery post shake hands shout smile
illustration musical theatre performance translate wave whisper
photography sculpture street art
Collocations with say and tell
Music and theatre Soy: hello / (something) in Italian / sorry / yes/no
Tell: a joke / a lie / someone a secret / a story /
audience audition lines lyrics orchestra
the truth
part rehearsal scene show studio
Language in action
Language in action Con, could, will be able to
Present perfect with regular and irregular verbs Present perfect with for/since and How long ... ?
Present perfect with already , just , still and yet Present perfect and past simple
Speaking Speaking
Everyday English Everyday English
dunno No worries.
ginormous Oh dear!
kid Phew!
nope Yep.
tons
Useful language
Useful language I need them to ...
It isn’t supposed to ... ...
It ’s a kind of
It looks like ... They’re similar to .. .
It makes me feel . .. You use it to ...
It probably shows ...
It seems a bit ... Writing
Useful language
Writing Writing a listicle
Useful language all [ his] life
Writing a review before
I recommend it because . .. later on
I’ve never seen anything like it before. over the last few years
...
It’s on at since
It’s the best show I’ve ever seen. soon
What I liked / didn’t like about it was ... these days

LANCUACE BANK 107

 LANCUACE BANK

UNIT 4 UNIT 5
Vocabulary Vocabulary
Health and fitness Planet Earth

cough get better get enough sleep get ill carbon dioxide climate change
get stressed go jogging have a fever relax endangered species energy marine life
sneeze sweat train warmup workout oxygen pollution solar power
the environment the planet waste wildlife
Healthy eating
Natural environments
a balanced diet calories carbohydrates
dairy products fat fibre protein bay cave cliff coast iceberg stream
nutrition vitamins rainforest valley volcano waterfall

Language in action Language in action

Quantifiers The first conditional
Should, shouldn't and ought to The second conditional

Speaking Speaking
Everyday English Everyday English
Pll give it a shot. .
I’ll give it a miss
... isn’t really my thing. ...
I’m off to
Seriously ? It ’s noton.
Tell me about it ! Wanna join us?

Useful language Useful language

...
How about (+ - ing )? Don’t forget that . ..
Make sure you ... I see your point, but ...
Something else I find useful ... Let’s agree to disagree.
... works for me. .
Maybe you’re right, but . .
You could just ... Remember that ...
Writing Writing
Useful language Useful language
Writing a post on a forum Writing an opinion essay
.. -
Have you tried . (+ ing )? Furthermore,...
I recommend ... ( ing)- .. However, ...
That way, you can just . In addition to this, ...
Why don’t you .. ?. In my opinion,.. .
You could always .. . In my view, ...
Some people believe that, ...
..
To sum up, .

108 LANGUAGE BANK

LANCUACE BANK

UNIT 6 UNIT 7
Vocabulary Vocabulary
Making things Festivals

add boil cover dip freeze atmosphere carnival ceremon costume

increase place pour press pull crowd decoration firework float
reduce remove stir funfair lantern parade programme stall

Materials Containers Music festivals and live music

cardboard glass bag box can band member campsite encore

leather rubber silk tin case jar tube gig headliner stage support act
tent track venue
Language in action
Present simple passive Language in action
Past simple passive Past perfect
Reported statements
Speaking
Everyday English Speaking
.
any old .. Everyday English
Go for it! at my place
Hang on a sec! Count me in.
I get it. ...
It kicks off at
kind of tricky I won’t say a word .
The more the merrier.
Useful language
Giving instructions Useful language
First of all, ... .
I’d love to
The next bit’s... I’ll be there (at/around) ...
Once (something is done), ... Should I bring anything?
And there you have it! What are you up to ? ...
What time should I be there?
Following instructions
Let me check I’ve got this right. Writing
Oh,I see. Useful language
Then what? Writing an email to a friend
What’s next? Anyway, that ’s all from me .
Bye for now,
Writing It was great to hear from you!
Useful language
Writing a review
Thanks for your email .
Write back soon!
However, I should point out that . ..
Overall, I think it is / they are ...
The glasses look like ...
The lenses are made from . ..
.
What I like about them is . .

LANGUAGE BANK 109

 LANCUACE BANK

UNIT 8 UNIT 9
Vocabulary Vocabulary
School Travel

cheat in a test fail an exam get detention abroad accommodation backpacking

get good grades hand in homework booking cruise ship destination
pass an exam pay attention to the teacher holiday resort journey sightseeing
revise for a test take an exam tour tourist attraction trip
tell somebody off write an essay
Travel phrasal verbs
Attitude and behaviour
checkin checkout getaway get back
careful careless childish disorganised get in go away look around setoff takeoff
mature naughty organised polite
rude well-behaved Language in action
Be going to and present continuous for future
Language in action Future continuous
Conf con’t Relative pronouns and relative clauses
Be allowed to
Speaking
Hove to, must and need to
Everyday English
Speaking ... and soon,
Everyday English bucket list
How come? ... right in the middle of ...
It’s a lot to get your head around. stuff
Kind of. What [ were] you on about?
That's no big deal.
Useful language
Yeah, right!
How long are you going for ?
Useful language I’m really looking forward to ... (+ -ing )
Anything else I need to know ? ... in two weeks’ time.
What happens if you do? We’re going to try and . ..
What are the rules about ? ... What are you planning on doing?
Why’s that? Where will you be staying?

Writing Writing
Useful language Useful language
Writing an essay Writing an email to a host family
In this essay, I outline ... Best wishes,
On the one hand, ... Dear Mr and Mrs .. .
On the other hand, ... Do you know ..?.
Others argue that ... I’m writing to ...
Some say that ... .
Thank you very much for .. (+ -ing )

110 LANGUAGE BANK

IRREGULAR VERBS

Infinitive Past simple Past participle Infinitive Past simple Past participle
be was/ were been let let let
beat beat beaten lie lied lied
become became become light lit lit
begin began begun lose lost lost
bite bit bitten make made made
blow blew blown mean meant meant
break broke broken meet met met
bring brought brought pay paid paid
build built built put put put
buy bought bought read read read
catch caught caught ride rode ridden
choose chose chosen ring rang run
come came come rise rose risen ^
cost cost cost run ran run
cut cut cut say said said
do did done see saw seen
draw drew drawn sell sold sold
drink drank drunk send sent sent
drive drove driven shine shone shone
eat ate eaten shoot shot shot
fall fell fallen show showed shown
feel felt felt shut shut shut
fight fought fought smg sang sung
find found found sit sat sat
fly flew flown sleep slept slept
forget forgot forgotten speak spoke spoken
get got got spend spent spent
give gave given stand stood stood
go went gone steal stole stolen
grow grew grown swim swam swum
hang hung hung take took taken
have had had teach taught taught
hear heard heard tear tore torn
hide hid hidden tell told told
hit hit hit think thought thought
hold held held throw threw thrown
hurt hurt hurt understand understood understood
keep kept kept wake woke woken
know knew known wear wore worn
leave left left win won won
lend lent lent write wrote written

LANGUAGE BANK 111

Acknowledgements
The authors and publishers acknowledge the following sources of copyright anouchka/iStock/ Getty Images Plus; Vasify Pindyurin; Image Source; Muriel de Seze/
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been made, it has not always been possible to identify the sources of all the Moment; Peter Dazefey/Photographer's Choice RF; FotoDuets/iStock/Getty Images
material used, or to trace all copyright holders. If any omissions are brought to Plus;lhanatham Pinyakarnjanakul/EyeEm, Herianus Herianus/EyeEm; peprfoto/E +;
our notice, we will be happy to include the appropriate acknowledgements on WestendGI; AlinaYudina/iStock/Getty Images Plus;paid mansfidd photography/
reprinting & in the next update to the digital edition, as applicable . Moment; Sebastian Crespo Photography/Moment Photos by R A Kearton/Moment
Key. SU= Starter Unit: U = Unit Open;Timothy Mbugua/EyeEm; zhurhu/iStocfc/Getty Images Plus; JLR/Moment Ippei

Text
Naoi/Momenf Milton CogherVEyeEm; Yevgen Timashov/Cultura; Paola Moscfwtto -
Assenmacher /EyeEm; Matteo Colombo/Moment; Marko Konig; Ricardo Funari/Branl
Ul: Text about Derek Rabelo. Copyright P Derek Rabelo. Reproduce with permission; Photos/lightRocket Matt Cardy/ Getty Images News; GREG BAKER/AFP; SeaTops;
U2: Text about Lorenzo Quinn. Copyright P Lorenzo Quinn. Reproduced with kind U6: Food Oelight/EyeEm; mm8S/i$tock/Getty Images Plus; Monty Rakusen/Cultura;
permission;Text about Alma Deutscher. Copyright P Alma Deutscher. Reproduced Photographer is my lifeJMoment; stevanowcigor /iStock/Getty Images Phis; Kiran
with kind permission of Guy Deutscher. Ridley /Barcroft Images/Barcroft Media; hocus- focus/iStock Unreleased; Poh Kim
Photography -
YeohfEyeEm; ffyfloor /E »; U7: Keren Su/China Span; John W Banagan/Photographer's
The following photographs are sourced from Getty Images. Choice; FemandoQuevedo'iStock Editorial/Getty images Plus; merc67/iStock Editorial/
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Vision; U2: David .Ahn/iStock/ Getty Images Plus; JOE KLAMAR/AFP, KidStock/Blend
. .
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iStock/Getty images Plus; piola666/E +;Wavebreakme<ka/iStock/Getiy Images Plus;
.
Images;Daria Bot»eva/Eyeem olloAStock Unreleased; Kathrin Ziegler /DigitalVision,
.
Hero Images; Tade|Zupanoc/E +: skynesher /E U9: Marka/Univmal Images Group,
*
starman72/RooM; Zero Creatives/Culiura; kpalimski/iStodt/Getty Images Plus; Brian
arturboAStock/Getty images Plus; iLexxAStock/Getty Images Phis; PhonlamaiPhoto/
.
Caissie; Adam Berry/ Getty Images News Vagengeym Elena/iStodt/Getty Images Plus;
.
iStock/Getty Images Plus andruxevich/iStock/Getty Images Plus; inhauscreative/
Vrt MarAStock/Getty Images Plus; Mike Harrington/D»gitalVis on; Hero Images; fStop
*
Images - Holger Hill/Brand X Pictures; Foodcollection RF; Ryan McVay/Photodisq
.
£ ; Ed Freeman/The Image Bank/Getty Images Plus Peter Samueh/DigitalVision;
matthewfeesdixoafiStock/Getty Images Plus; balipadma/iStock/Getty Images Plus.
Telra Images; miodrag ignjatovic/ E +; dlsk/iStock/Getty Images Plus; Fuse/Corbis,
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images; Jose luis Pelaez Inc/Blend Images; U4: Stamslaw Pytel/DigitalVision;
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SCIEPRO/Soence Photo Library Jose luis Pelaez Inc/D gitalvis*oo; gbh0O7/iStock/ . .
U3: Amber Day U4: Joanna Kerr; U7: Oliver Flores U9: Joanna Kerr.
*
Getty images Plus;monkeybusmessmiages/iStock/ Getty Images Phis; Hero images, Typesetling: Blooberry Design
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. .
Freelance editing: Jacqueline French Matthew Duffy Nicola Foufouti
 OWN IT/
KELVIN DOE

Problem Solution

no lights Make a battery to give light.

broken TVS Find electronic items in the street and fix them. Need technological knowledge,
and radios tool
^
no radio station Build a radio station - play music and interview people about life in Freetown .
Young inventor brings light
to Freetown
r/A

Our presentation
Daniel
By Adela, Matt and lots of
and The people in Freetown had
MATT
, m Matt
Good morning everyone I ' broken TVs and radios . Kelvin found
.
this is Adela electronic items in the street and fixed
they worked
ADELA Hello! them. He understood how
. .. and Daniel. knew which parts he needed to fix.
MATT and
DANIEL Hello everyone! today, we’re going ,he built a radio
DANIEL When Kelvin was 15
MATT In our presentation station because the people in his
that Kelvin . It was a great
to talk about the problems town didn’t have one
Doe and his community
suffered in and Kelvin played music and
success
Freetown,Sierra Leone,
and solutions
interviewed people about their lives.
problems. our
that Kelvin found to these ADELA Thank you for listening to
in
ADELA At night,there
were no lights . Has anyone got any
presentation
Freetown, but Kelvin Doe
made a
questions?
battery so that people in
his town
could see when it was dark .

PHOTOCOPIABLE © Cambridge University Press 2020 Own it! 3 Unit 1- The Culture Project Page 2 of 2
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PLAN
Work in groups. Choose a country and find ; Remember to think about the following ideas . &
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1
information about the languages spoken there. •S • Decide on the categories you want to include
Then complete the steps below . - '
in your fact file. --
L
A

• Write the name of the country and add notes • Decide if you will make your fact file on V ,
about the languages spoken there. paper or digitally. '

• Make notes about the number of people who • Find information for each of the categories in
speak the languages, how long people have your fact file.
been speaking them, some common phrases, • Include video or audio, if possible.

—
JV ^
your favourite words and the population of
• Include photos, maps and drawings.
the country.

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• Draw a map with the places where the

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languages are spoken. ¥
• Include a recording or video if possible
• Decide who prepares each section.
• Decide on the design of your fact file.
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• Give your section to someone in your group
to check.
• Work in your group to put the fact file together.
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 THE CULTURE PROJECT

A presentation
•• • H o w t o give a presentation
PLAN
1 Work in groups. Think of a problem in your I J Remember to think about the following ideas .
community or country and find information Take a deep breath before you begin.
about it. Then complete the steps below . Introduce yourself and say what you are
• Say what the problem is. going to talk about.
• Find articles, photos, news and references to Always look at your audience.
the problem . Speak slowly and clearly.
• Share the material you have found with Make sure you know who is going to say what
your group and discuss how to deal with the in your group and when.
problem.
Try to remember what you are going to say
• Make notes about the problem and your ideas : -
and use notes don't read from a script!
fora solution.
Don’t interrupt others when they are talking. 3
• Decide who prepares each section of the Time it - don't speak for too long.
presentation. ER
• Ask if there are any questions at the end and
• Prepare your section. You can use articles answer them. I
« III

i m
 OWN IT/
KELVIN DOE

Problem Solution

no lights Make a battery to give light.

broken TVS Find electronic items in the street and fix them. Need technological knowledge,
and radios tool
^
no radio station Build a radio station - play music and interview people about life in Freetown .
Young inventor brings light
to Freetown
r/A

Our presentation
Daniel
By Adela, Matt and lots of
and The people in Freetown had
MATT
, m Matt
Good morning everyone I ' broken TVs and radios . Kelvin found
.
this is Adela electronic items in the street and fixed
they worked
ADELA Hello! them. He understood how
. .. and Daniel. knew which parts he needed to fix.
MATT and
DANIEL Hello everyone! today, we’re going ,he built a radio
DANIEL When Kelvin was 15
MATT In our presentation station because the people in his
that Kelvin . It was a great
to talk about the problems town didn’t have one
Doe and his community
suffered in and Kelvin played music and
success
Freetown,Sierra Leone,
and solutions
interviewed people about their lives.
problems. our
that Kelvin found to these ADELA Thank you for listening to
in
ADELA At night,there
were no lights . Has anyone got any
presentation
Freetown, but Kelvin Doe
made a
questions?
battery so that people in
his town
could see when it was dark .

PHOTOCOPIABLE © Cambridge University Press 2020 Own it! 3 Unit 1- The Culture Project Page 2 of 2
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How to make a fact file

PLAN
Work in groups. Choose a country and find ; Remember to think about the following ideas . &
w
1
information about the languages spoken there. •S • Decide on the categories you want to include
Then complete the steps below . - '
in your fact file. --
L
A

• Write the name of the country and add notes • Decide if you will make your fact file on V ,
about the languages spoken there. paper or digitally. '

• Make notes about the number of people who • Find information for each of the categories in
speak the languages, how long people have your fact file.
been speaking them, some common phrases, • Include video or audio, if possible.

—
JV ^
your favourite words and the population of
• Include photos, maps and drawings.
the country.

EF
• Draw a map with the places where the

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languages are spoken. ¥
• Include a recording or video if possible
• Decide who prepares each section.
• Decide on the design of your fact file.
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• Prepare your section.
• Give your section to someone in your group
to check.
• Work in your group to put the fact file together.
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2 Present your fact file to the class. Remember

to include facts about the language, maps,
information and photos, etc., and the tips from
How to make a fact file .
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CHECK
Listen to your classmates’ presentations and
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complete the notes
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What country and languages did you hear about? V.

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Write two interesting facts that you learned.
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 Obrigada

Country
Population about 204,260,000
Portuguese, spoken by
Main language
about 194,000,000 people
Nheengatu , Tlcuna, Kaingang, Tucano,
Other languages
Pirah 4, Tembe, among others
Total number of languages 237
hello: 014
How are you?: Como voce est4?
Common expressions
thank you: obrigado/a
goodbye: tchau

a
Brazilian Sign Language is an official
Interesting fact
language of Brazil
Famous singer or writer Carllnhos Brown, Paulo Coelho
Favourite word mirror: espelhar
Alphabet - any new letters that
aren’t in your alphabet?

PHOTOCOPIABLE © Cambridge University Press 2020 Own it! 3 Unit 3 - The Culture Project Page 2 of 2
 THE CULTURE PROJECT

A magazine article

•• • How to write a magazine

PLAN article
1 Work in groups. Choose a tribal nation suffering from
climate change. Then complete the steps below. Remember to think about the
following ideas.
• Agree on a tribal nation to write about.
• Decide which key words you will use to search for • Choose an interesting title.
information. • Include an introduction to your
article.
• Find out as much information as you can and put
your information in a spidergram. • Make sure you write three
paragraphs: introduction, main
• Decide who prepares each section.
body and conclusion.
• Think of a title for your article.
• Check your grammar and spelling
• Include an introduction to the tribal nation. before you finish.
• Add information about where your tribal nation is,
what problems its people face, what animals they
have, what their homes are like, what they eat and
what the climate is like.
• Add photos, maps and drawings. less food
reindeer can't
-
• Prepare your section.
’
'1 eat
• Give your section to someone in your group to check.
• Work in your group to put the article together. weather getting
snowstorms in May
warmer and ice is

M
when reindeer have
PRESENT -
melting Nenets and
-
babies may be too
reindeer can't cross
2 .
Present your article to the class Remember to the ice
cold for them to
survive
include information about your tribal nation and the
effects of climate change, three paragraphs, photos,

CHECK
maps and drawings, and the tips from How to write
a magazine article. I
polar bears searching lakes have
3 Listen to your classmates’ presentations and for food enter the disappeared where
complete the notes. camps and are a the Nenets used to
threat to the people fish
What tribal nations did you hear about? and the reindeer

How are they affected by climate change?

Write down two interesting facts you learned.

k 4
PHOTOCOPI ABLE © Cambridge University Press 202 Own it! 3 Unit 5 - The Culture Project Page 1 of

‘ A
NO FOOD FOR OUR REINDEER
The Nenets tribe live in Siberia. It's very
cold! They are nomads and do a 1,000 km
journey twice a year with their reindeer to
look for food.

The Nenets tribe live in of climate

Siberia. It's very cold! change. They
They are nomads and do now face the
a 1,000 km journey twice following
a year with their reindeer problems. The
the Nenets won't be able
to look for food. The temperature is getting
Nenets depend on their warmer and the ice is
to find any fish. Climate
change has also led to
reindeer to survive. The melting. This means that
other problems: hungry
reindeer provide them the Nenets and their
polar bears have started
with everything: food, reindeer have to wait
to enter their camps in
clothes, transport and longer to be able to travel.
search of food. They are
accommodation. If there was enough ice on
a danger to both people
The Nenets have lived in the lakes, they would be
and reindeer. If they had
the Siberian Arctic for over able to travel easily and
enough food in their
a thousand years, but their food in new places,
natural habitat, they
way of life is at risk because Some of the lakes in
wouldn't look for food
Siberia have already
elsewhere.
disappeared
because of changes ^9lokal temperatures
in the weather. keep rising, many scientists
This means that worry that the Nenets
the Nenets and people and their reindeer
their reindeer are will disappear altogether.
finding it more We really need to try to
and more difficult help these people find a
to find food. If the solution.
lakes disappear,

Project Page 2 of 2
Own it! 3 Unit 5 - The Culture
© Cambridgeuniversity
Press 2020
 THE CULTURE PROJECT

A travel blog

PLAN
1 Work in groups. Choose a famous festival in any
country in the world. Then complete the steps .
• Agree on which festival you want to write about .
• Find out as much information as you can and
put it in a spidergram. Remember to include
information about when and where the festival
takes place, what the people do, wear, eat and
drink, when and how it started and why it is
important.
• Imagine you have been to the festival.
• Think of an interesting title for your blog.
• Decide who prepares each section.
• Prepare your section. Use photos, maps,
drawings, etc.
• Give your section to someone in your group to
check.
• Work in your group to put the blog together.
• Add photos, maps and drawings.
PRESENT
2 .
Present your blog to the class Remember to
include information about your festival, photos,
maps and drawings, and the tips from How to
write a blog.
CHECK
3 Listen to your classmates’ presentations and
complete the notes.
What was the most interesting festival?

Write down two interesting facts about it.

• i '
*
PHOTOCOPIABL ki Cambridge University Press 2020 Own it! 3 Unit 7 - The Culture Project Page 1of 2
^ *
 Harbin Ice and Snow Festival More Photo
*

Wow! What an amazing experience. We went to the Harbin Ice and Snow
- .-
Festival last week and it was incredible ... and freezing 30 °C!
.
The festival began in 1963 but for many years, it didn't take place. It started
again in 1985. In the past , it was mainly Chinese people who visited the
festival, but now artists from around the world come to the event and
compete to build the most beautiful sculptures from snow and ice. It takes
place every year and it is the largest ice and snow festival in the world.
When we were there, we saw sculptures of castles, trains, dragons and
lots of famous buildings from around the world. Many were covered in
colourful lights. Our favourite sculpture was of Moscow's Red Square. Apart
from looking at all of the snow and ice sculptures, there are other things
going on. We did winter swimming in the Songhua River, and you can
also do other sports like ice hockey, skiing and fishing. There were dance
performances and people singing folk songs and best of all ... fireworks!
It was an unforgettable experience.I'd definitely recommend it to
everyone. You won't be disappointed!

PHOTOCOPIABLE © Cambridge University Press 2020 Own it! 3 Unit 7 - The Culture Project Page 2 of 2
 THE CULTURE PROJECT

PLAN
1 Work in groups. Choose a volunteer programme Remember to think about the following ideas .
from around the world. Then complete the steps. • Organise your information and choose the
• Write the name of the volunteer programme. most important or interesting ideas.
• Add notes on the destination, the • Include a short but interesting title for your
accommodation, the culture and way of life, poster.
and the activities that you can do. I • Give your poster a border to make it more
• Decide who prepares each section. attractive.
• Decide on the design of your poster. • Select one big attractive photo or drawing
• Prepare your section. Use photos, maps, as the main focus, but also include small
drawings, etc. photos, maps and drawings.
• Give your section to someone in your group to • Make sure your handwriting is clear and use
check. some bright colours, if possible.
• Work in your group to put the poster together. • Check your grammar, punctuation and
spelling before you finish.
PRESENT
2 Present your poster to the class. Remember to
include facts about the programme, photos,
maps and drawings, etc ., and the tips from How
to design a poster.

CHECK
3 Look at your classmates’ posters and complete
the notes.
What was the most interesting programme?

Write down two interesting facts about the

programme.

PHOTOCOPI ABLE © Cambridge University Press 2020 Own it! 3 Unit 9 - The Culture Project Page 1of 2
 Own it! 3 Unit 9 - The Culture Project
Page 2 of 2
© Cambridge University Press 2020