Grade8 Q1-4 W4 PerformMensuration
Grade8 Q1-4 W4 PerformMensuration
Grade8 Q1-4 W4 PerformMensuration
TLE-ICT-CSS
Quarter 1-4 Module 4:
Performing Mensuration and Calculation
TLE-ICT:CSS – Grade 8
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1-4 Module 4: Performing Mensuration and Calculation
First Edition, 2020
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TLE - ICT:CSS
Quarter 1-4 Module 4:
Performing Mensuration
and Calculation
What I Need to Know
This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you
master Performing Mensuration and Calculation. The scope of this module
permits it to be used in many different learning situations. The language used
recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged
to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you
read them can be changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using.
1
What I Know
Let us determine how much you already know about our lesson.
Take this test.
Identify the word/s that best describes the following statement. Write your
answer in your notebook. Choose your answer from the box.
Note: If you get 100% correct in this pre- assessment, skip the lesson but if not
and only get 50% to 99% correct, then proceed with the lesson.
2
Lesson
Select Measuring
1 Instruments
What’s In
What are the components of a computer that you are familiar with?
Name as many as you can.
What’s New
Look for available desktop computer around you. Open the system
unit. Take a closer look on its components. Identify the components inside
and give the function of each.
Guide Questions:
1. What is the importance of familiarizing the components of a computer?
2. How does familiarizing the components help you as a student?
3
What Is It
Basic instructions for booting the computer and loading the operating
systems are stored in ROM. ROM chips retain their contents even when the
computer is powered down. The contents cannot be erased or changed by
normal means.
RAM is volatile memory, which means that the contents are erased
when the computer is powered off. The more RAM in a computer, the more
capacity the computer has to hold and process large programs and files, as
well as enhance system performance.
STORAGE DRIVES
Hard Drive
5
Optical Drive
6
What’s More
A. Fill-in the blanks with the correct letters to form a word/s that best
describes the statement.
1. These are memory cells that contain specific data needed by the CPU.
R__GI__T__R___
2. It is a drive controller interface that can connect up to 15 drives.
S_S_
3. Contents are erased when the computer is powered off.
V__LA__IL__
4. These are soldered memory chips on a special circuit board.
ME__O__Y __OD__L__
5. This is used to connect a drive to the computer.
I__TE__F__ __E
7
What I Can Do
SCORING RUBRICS
20 15 10
Delivery The delivery of the The delivery of the The delivery of the
information is clear information is 80% information is 50%
and satisfying. clear and satisfying clear but not
satisfying.
Audio / Audio and video Audio and video are Audio and video
Video are clear and 80% clear and are inconsistent at
effective in the effective in the times during the
delivery of delivery of delivery of
information. information information.
8
Assessment
Matching Type. Match column A with column B. Write the letter of your
answer in your notebook.
Column A Column B
___1. These chips contain instructions A. Storage drive
that can be directly accessed B SCSI Interface
by the CPU. C. IDE
___2. A 40-pin connector that connects D. Dual Inline Package
hard disk drives to the computer. E. Hard drive
___3. It reads or writes information on F. Portable storage drives
magnetic or optical storage media. G. ROM
___4. Sometimes referred to as removable H. Solid State Drive
drives and can be used on multiple I. Memory
computers. J. ROM chips
___5. A drive controller interface that can
connect both internal and external drives.
___6. It is often configured as the first drive
in the boot sequence.
___7. It can be installed as a replacement
for magnetic drives.
___8. Retain their contents even when the
computer is powered down.
___9. It is intended to store data temporarily.
___10. Another term for individual memory chips.
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Additional Activities
1. 5.
https://www.computerhope.com/jargon/i
/ide.htm
https://computer.howstuffw
orks.com/virtual-hard-
drive.htm
2. 6.
https://computerized.code.blog
/2018/10/12/computer-input- https://www.techspot.com/new
and-output-devices/ s/58832-tech-primer-ddr4-
memory.html
3. 7.
https://www.pngall.com/wp-
content/uploads/6/Microcontr
oller-PNG-HD-Image.png
https://asianic.com.ph/product/acr
oss-sata-data
4. 8.
https://www.globalspec.com/learnmor
e/electrical_electronic_components/wi
res_cables/scsi_cables
http://www.gcsecs.com/optical-
disk-drive.html
10
11
Additional Acitivities Assessment
1. Hard disk drive 1. G
2. Thumb drive 2. C
3. ROM 3. A
4. SCSI 4. F
5. IDE 5. B
6. RAM 6. E
7. SATA 7. H
8. Optical drive 8. J
9. I
10. D
What's More What I Know
1. REGISTERS 1. Thumb drive
2. SCSI 2. DDR
3. VOLATILE 3. Random Access
4. MEMORY MODULE Memory
5. INTERFACE 4. Read-Only Memory
6. True 5. Interface
7. False 6. Hard drive
8. False 7. DIMM
9. True 8. SATA
10. True 9. Optical drive
10. Solid State Drive
Answer Key
What I Know
Let us determine how much you already know about our lesson.
Take this test.
1. 25
2. 50
Answer the following. Show your solution. Write your answer in your
notebook. 2 points each.
3. 1 GB = _____ KB
4. 2 MB = _____ KB
5. How many 1.5MB file can you save in a CD-R?
Note: If you get 100% correct in this pre- assessment, skip the lesson but if not
and only get 50% to 99% correct, then proceed with the lesson.
12
Lesson
Carry Out Measurements
2 and Calculation
What’s In
How do you count numbers? So, you think you know how to count?
Well, there is another way to do it.
What’s New
What do you think when you hear the words binary numbers? Did you
know that computers only use zeros and ones? Everything that you see or
hear on a computer such as pictures, movies, words, or even sounds is stored
using just those two numbers!
13
What Is It
A bit can have only two possible values, a one digit (1) or a zero digit
(0). A bit can be used to represent the state of something that has two states.
Example: 30
Quotient Remainder
30/2 15 0
15/2 7 1
7/2 3 1
3/2 1 1
1/2 0 1
30 = 11110
Checking: 1 1 1 1 0 Multiplier
16 8 4 2 1 Equivalents
16 8 4 2 0 Results
16 + 8+4+2+0 = 30
While a bit is the smallest representation of data, the most basic unit
of digital storage is the byte. A byte has 8 bits and is the smallest unit of
measure (UOM) used to represent data storage capacity. When referring to
storage space, we use the terms bytes (B), kilobytes (KB), megabytes (MB),
gigabytes (GB), and terabytes (TB).
14
One kilobyte is a little more than one thousand bytes, specifically 1,024.
A megabyte represents more than a million bytes or 1,048,576. A gigabyte is
1,073,741,824 bytes. A terabyte is 1,099,511,627,776.
Example:
A file is 25KB in size
1KB = 1,024Bytes
25 x 1,024 = 25,600Bytes in a 25KB file
If this 25KB file is stored in a 1MB folder, how many files can be
stored in that folder?
1Mb = 1,024Kb
1,024Kb/25Kb = 40.96
41 files can be stored in a 1Mb folder
15
What’s More
1. 20
2. 15
3. 32
16
What I Can Do
____ 1.
Get the quotient and remainder again.
____ 2.
Get the quotient and the remainder.
____ 3.
Bring down the quotient, divide it by 2,
____ 4.
Divide the number by 2.
____ 5.
Copy the remainder from bottom to top, and that is the binary
equivalent.
____ 6. Do it repeatedly until the quotient results to 0.
Assessment
Additional Activities
17
Assessment
A. 18
1. True
2. False
3. False
16+8+4+0+0=28 4. False
16 8 4 2 1 5. True
1 1 1 0 0 B.
11100 = 28 5. 1. A file is 17Mb in size
CD-R has 700Mb storage capacity
16+0+4+0+1=21 700Mb / 17Mb
16 8 4 2 1 = 41 mp4 files can be stored in a CD-R
1 0 1 0 1
10101 = 21 4. 2. A file is 5Kb in size
1Mb = 1,024Kb
16+0+0+2+1 = 19 4Mb = 4,096Kb What I Can Do
16 8 4 2 1 4,096Kb/5kb
1 0 0 1 1 = 819 docx files can be stored 1. D
10011 = 19 3. in a 4Mb folder
2. B
16+0+4+0+0 = 20 3. A file is 5Mb in size
16 8 4 2 1 1Gb = 1,024Mb
1 0 1 0 0 4Gb = 4,096Mb
3. C
10100 = 20 2. 4,096Mb/5Mb = 819
=819 mp3 file can be saved on a 4Gb 4. A
16+8+0+0+1 = 25 thumb drive
16 8 4 2 1
1 1 0 0 1
5. F
11001 = 25 1.
Additional Activities 6. E
What's More
What I Know
1. 20 = 10100
1. 25 = 11001
20/2=10 0
25/2=12 1
10/2=5 0
12/2=6 0
5/2=2 1
6/2=3 0
2/2=1 0
3/2=1 1
½=0 1
½=0 1
Checking: 1 0 1 0 0
Checking: 1 1 0 0 1
16 8 4 2 1
16 8 4 2 1
16+0+4+0+0 = 20
16 8 0 0 1
16+8+0+0+1 = 25
2. 15 = 1111
2. 50 = 110010
15/2=7 1
50/2=25 0
7/2=3 1
25/2=12 1
3/2=1 1
12/2=6 0
½=0 1
6/2=3 0
3/2=1 1
Checking: 1 1 1 1
½=0 1
8 4 2 1
8+4+2+1 = 15
Checking: 1 1 0 0 1 0
32 16 8 4 2 1
3. 32 = 100000 32+16+0+0+2+0 = 50
32/2=16 0 3. 1 GB = ___ KB
16/2=8 0 1 GB x 1,024 MB/1GB x 1,024
8/2=4 0 KB/1MB
4/2=2 0 1GB = 1,048,576 KB
2/2=1 0 4. 2MB = ___KB
1/2=0 1 2MB x 1,024KB/1MB
2MB = 2,048KB
5. A file is 1.5MB in size
Checking: 1 0 0 0 0 0 CD-R has 700MB storage capacity
32 16 8 4 2 1 700MB / 1.5MB
32+0+0+0+0+0 = 32 = 467 files can be stored in a CD-R
Answer Key
What I Know
Let us determine how much you already know about our lesson. Take
this test.
Read each item carefully. Write True if the statement is correct, write False
otherwise.
______1. Accessing adult sites can cause viruses to creep into your storage.
______2. Use a fine-tip marker to write on the CD disc.
______3. Update your computer’s operating system with the latest patches.
______4. Pull your flash drive from the port right away after using it.
______5. Hold the CD disc by the outer edge and the center hole.
______6. Handle optical media by the sides.
______7. Keep dirt or other foreign matter away from the disc.
______8. Malware can infect the drive and destroy the ability of the computer
to boot.
______9. Backup your files in the same drive to avoid loss of data.
______10.Dusting out the inside of your computer on a monthly basis is
sufficient to keep RAM modules clean.
Note: If you get 100% correct in this pre- assessment, skip the lesson but if not
and only get 50% to 99% correct, then proceed with the lesson.
19
Lesson
Maintain Measuring
3 Instruments
What’s In
Look at the things around you inside your house. How will you
maintain these things? Cite some examples. Why is maintenance important?
What’s New
Check the computer you are using. What can you say about its
performance? Is it safe to connect a flash drive in it? Is the antivirus
updated? Open the system unit, does it accumulate dust? Computers work
well when they are taken care of.
20
What Is It
The gold contacts at the bottom of your RAM must be clean and free of
debris to maintain a solid connection. If your RAM sticks are dirty, your
computer might not recognize that they’re installed and may sometimes
show a blue screen. Normally, dusting out the inside of your computer on a
monthly basis (more if the environment is unusually dusty) is sufficient to
keep RAM modules clean.
Hard disk drive (HDD) can last for years when properly maintained.
Neglect can lead an HDD to fail sooner than it normally would and the
potential loss of valuable data.
Common causes for a drive failure include:
• Water damage
• Overheating
• Electrical faults
• Firmware corruption
• Damaged boot sector
• Mechanical failure
21
Be Careful about Downloading and Installing Software
One of the most common reasons clients need hard drive recovery
services is because malware has infected the drive and destroyed its ability to
boot.
Air circulation causes dust to collect inside the computer’s case, so it’s
important to periodically remove dust and debris to prevent electrical faults
or overheating.
Large files can become scattered across the drive’s platter, which slows
the process of reading them and impacts a computer’s performance.
Defragmentation reorganizes all the software and data into an optimal
arrangement.
It’s important to maintain free space on a drive that the computer can
use for temporary storage. When its drive becomes too full, a computer can
slow to a crawl as it attempts to use the little free space left to juggle data.
Make it a point to eject your drive properly. Make sure you always “safely
remove” your removable device from your PC whenever you are about to
detach it. This prevents sudden data loss and damage to the drive. Pulling
your flash drive or memory card away from its PC socket without doing the
“safely remove” action can lead to total disk damage.
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Maintain the integrity of your files. Monitor what goes in and out of the
drive. Accessing peer to peer software, adult sites, and sites with known
malware and spyware issues, can all cause viruses to creep into your PC
storage items and compromise the integrity of your files.
Keep it all safe. Sometimes, no matter how hard you try in protecting
your disks, they are subjected to wear, tear, and other unforeseen factors. To
make sure that you do not instantly lose important data, backup your files in
multiple locations.
OPTICAL MEDIA
CDs and DVDs are extremely delicate data storage media and any type
of mishandling can damage the CD or DVD thereby resulting in data loss.
Therefore, it is important for you to exert caution while using these optical
media.
Do:
1. Handle discs by the outer edge or the center hole.
2. Keep dirt or other foreign matter from the disc.
3. Store discs upright (book style) in plastic cases specified for CDs and
DVDs.
4. Store discs in a cool, dry, dark environment in which the air is clean.
5. Remove dirt, foreign material, fingerprints, smudges, and liquids by
wiping with a clean cotton fabric in a straight line from the center of the
disc toward the outer edge.
Do not:
1. Touch the surface of the disc.
2. Bend the disc.
3. Store discs horizontally for a long time (years).
4. Expose discs to extreme heat or high humidity.
5. Write or mark in the data area of the disc (the area the laser “reads”).
6. Clean by wiping in a direction going around the disc.
7. Scratch the label side of the disc.
8. Use a pen, pencil, or fine-tip marker to write on the disc.
9. Write on the disc with markers that contain solvents.
10.Try to peel off or reposition a label.
23
What’s More
Fill in the blanks with the correct word/s from the box to complete the
statement below.
Defragmentation mishandling
loss of data anti-static wrist straps
edge
24
What I Can Do
SCORING RUBRICS
Organization of
information. Presentation is
well developed. Information
is organized.
Quality of verbal
communication. Speaker’s
voice is confident, steady,
strong, and clear.
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Assessment
Additional Activities
26
27
Assessment
1. True
2. Yearly basis
Monthly basis
3. Center
Edges
4. True
5. Hardware
Software
6. Sometimes
Always
7. Another folder
Multiple drives
8. True
9. Write or mark
Do not write or mark
10. More likely
Less likely
What's More What I Know
1. Loss of data 1. True
2. Mishandling 2. False
3. Anti-static wrist straps 3. True
4. Edge 4. False
5. Defragmentation 5. True
6. False
7. True
8. True
9. False
10. True
Answer Key
References
LO 1:
• Biasong, Joy Kenneth Sala. 2013. slideshare.net. June 16. Accessed
June 15, 2020. https://www.slideshare.net/kenjoyb/k-to-12-pc-
hardware-servicing-learning-module
• De Vera, Psst. 2016. prezi.com. April 26. Accessed June 15, 2020.
https://prezi.com/xhb2fp2v9ulu/perform-mensuration-and-
calculation/
• magsipocarm05. 2019. fliphtml5.com. July 7. Accessed June 15, 2020.
https://fliphtml5.com/dwahv/umog/basic/
• Computer Hope. 2017. computerhope.com. October 11. Accessed
June 27, 2020.
https://www.computerhope.com/jargon/m/memory-module.htm
• Watson, Stephanie. howstuffworks.com. Accessed June 27, 2020.
https://electronics.howstuffworks.com/blu-ray3.htm
• Villinger, Sandro. 2019. avast.com. September 26. Accessed June
30, 2020. https://www.avast.com/c-what-is-ssd
LO 2:
• Paño, Khlaire. 2016. slideshare.net. February 23. Accessed June 17,
2020. https://www.slideshare.net/KhlairePao/digital-representation-
58607073
LO 3:
• pcdreams. 2016. pcdreams.com.sg. September 21. Accessed June 18,
2020. https://pcdreams.com.sg/how-to-take-care-of-your-pc-storage-
devices-
2/#:~:text=Your%20data%20storage%20devices%2C%20such,irreversi
ble%20loss%20of%20essential%20data.
• Byers, Fred. 2003. libguides.wustl.edu. October. Accessed June 18,
2020. https://libguides.wustl.edu/c.php?g=47429&p=303867
• Writer, Staff. 2016. howtodothings.com. Accessed June 18, 2020
http://www.howtodothings.com/computers-internet/how-to-properly-
handle-ram
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