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    Analog 3

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    Farhan Labib Mahin
    The document describes an experiment to study op-amp amplifiers and analyze the frequency response of an inverting amplifier. The experiment used various resistors, an op-amp, DC power supply, function generator and oscilloscope. Gain measurements were taken for inverting and non-inverting amplifiers using different resistor values. Frequency response was analyzed for an inverting amplifier from 10Hz to 1MHz. Graphs and tables showed gain values at different frequencies and resistor configurations. The discussion analyzed feedback mechanisms in amplifier circuits and how understanding frequency response provides foundational knowledge for electrical engineering applications.

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    Analog 3

    Uploaded by

    Farhan Labib Mahin
    5 views18 pages
    The document describes an experiment to study op-amp amplifiers and analyze the frequency response of an inverting amplifier. The experiment used various resistors, an op-amp, DC power supply, function generator and oscilloscope. Gain measurements were taken for inverting and non-inverting amplifiers using different resistor values. Frequency response was analyzed for an inverting amplifier from 10Hz to 1MHz. Graphs and tables showed gain values at different frequencies and resistor configurations. The discussion analyzed feedback mechanisms in amplifier circuits and how understanding frequency response provides foundational knowledge for electrical engineering applications.

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    Analog-3

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    The document describes an experiment to study op-amp amplifiers and analyze the frequency response of an inverting amplifier. The experiment used various resistors, an op-amp, DC power supply, function generator and oscilloscope. Gain measurements were taken for inverting and non-inverting amplifiers using different resistor values. Frequency response was analyzed for an inverting amplifier from 10Hz to 1MHz. Graphs and tables showed gain values at different frequencies and resistor configurations. The discussion analyzed feedback mechanisms in amplifier circuits and how understanding frequency response provides foundational knowledge for electrical engineering applications.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    5 views18 pages

    Analog 3

    Uploaded by

    Farhan Labib Mahin
    The document describes an experiment to study op-amp amplifiers and analyze the frequency response of an inverting amplifier. The experiment used various resistors, an op-amp, DC power supply, function generator and oscilloscope. Gain measurements were taken for inverting and non-inverting amplifiers using different resistor values. Frequency response was analyzed for an inverting amplifier from 10Hz to 1MHz. Graphs and tables showed gain values at different frequencies and resistor configurations. The discussion analyzed feedback mechanisms in amplifier circuits and how understanding frequency response provides foundational knowledge for electrical engineering applications.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 18

    Title: Study of op-amp amplifiers and analyze the frequency response of an inverting amplifier.

    Apparatus:

    1. IC µA741 – (quantity: 1)
    2. Resistor 3.3 kΩ, 10K, 47 kΩ, 100 kΩ – (quantity :1each)
    3. DC power supply– ±30 V (quantity :1)
    4. Function generator- 25 Vp-p, 1 MHz (quantity: 1)
    5. Oscilloscope- 20MHz/100MHz, 2 Ch, 400 Vp-p (quantity: 1)
    6. Connecting wire
    7. Multimeter-( quantity: 1)

    Experimental Data:

    Gain Measurement for inverting and noninverting amplifiers:


    For Inverting amplifier and its output ( using 10kΩ)

    Figure-1(a): Inverting amplifier ( using 10kΩ)


    Figure-1(b): Inverting amplifier ( using 10kΩ) input/output wave shapes

    For Inverting amplifier and its output ( using 47kΩ)

    Figure-1(c): Inverting amplifier ( using 47 kΩ)


    Figure-1(b): Inverting amplifier (using 10kΩ) input/output wave shapes

    Non-inverting amplifier and its output (Using 10kΩ)


    Figure-2(b): Non-inverting amplifier ( using 10 kΩ)

    Non-inverting amplifier and its output (Using 10kΩ)

    Figure-2(c): Non-inverting amplifier ( using 47 kΩ)


    Figure-2(c): Non-inverting amplifier ( using 47 kΩ) ) input/output wave shapes

    Table-1 Gain of an op-amp with different RF for both inverting and non- inverting configuration.

    Gain Gain
    Configuration R F(kΩ) V ¿ (mV ) V out (V ) −R F V out Comment
    ACL= ACL=
    Ri V¿
    10 500 2 -3.03 4
    Inverting
    47 500 5 --14.24 10
    Gain
    RF
    ACL=1+
    Ri
    10 500 2 4.03 4
    Non-inverting
    47 500 5.2 15.24 10.4

    Frequency response analysis for inverting amplifier:


    Figure-3(a) : Frequency response analysis for inverting amplifier( 10 Hz)
    Figure-3(b) : Frequency response analysis for inverting amplifier( 100 Hz)
    Figure-3(c) : Frequency response analysis for inverting amplifier( 1k Hz)
    Figure-3(d) : Frequency response analysis for inverting amplifier( 100k Hz)

    Figure-3(e) : Frequency response analysis for inverting amplifier( 1M Hz)


    Table-2 Gain of an op-amp with different value of frequencies.

    Frequency (Hz) V i (mV ) V0 Gain=


    V0
    Vi
    Gain(dB)=20 log
    ( )
    V0
    Vi
    10 100 200 mV 2 6.02
    100 100 1.4 V 14 22.92
    1K 100 1.4 V 14 22.92
    10K 100 300 mV 3 9.54
    100K 100 100 mV 1 0
    1M 100

    gain vs. frequency


    25

    20

    15

    10

    0
    0 10000 20000 30000 40000 50000 60000 70000 80000 90000 100000
    Simulation:
    Gain Measurement for inverting and noninverting amplifiers:
    For Inverting amplifier and its output

    Figure-4(a): Inverting amplifier input/output wave shapes (10 K)


    Figure-4(b): Inverting amplifier input/output wave shapes (47 K)

    Non-inverting amplifier and its output

    Figure-4(c): Non-Inverting amplifier input/output wave shapes (10 K)


    Figure-4(d): Non-Inverting amplifier input/output wave shapes (47 K)

    Table-3 Gain of an op-amp with different RF for both inverting and non- inverting configuration.

    Gain Gain
    Configuration R F(kΩ) V ¿ (mV ) V out (V ) −R F V out
    ACL= ACL=
    Ri V¿
    10 500 3.022 -3.03 6.04
    Inverting
    47 500 14.085 --14.24 28.17
    Gain
    RF
    ACL=1+
    Ri
    10 500 4.084 4.03 8.168
    Non-inverting
    47 500 14.099 15.24 28.198
    Frequency response analysis for inverting amplifier:

    Figure-3(a) : Frequency response analysis for inverting amplifier( 10 Hz)

    Figure-3(b) : Frequency response analysis for inverting amplifier( 100 Hz)


    Figure-3(c) : Frequency response analysis for inverting amplifier( 1k Hz)

    Figure-3(d) : Frequency response analysis for inverting amplifier( 10k Hz)


    Figure-3(e) : Frequency response analysis for inverting amplifier( 100k Hz)

    Figure-3(f) : Frequency response analysis for inverting amplifier( 1M Hz)


    Report question:
    1. Complete the Data Table
    Ans : Shown on the Experimental Data

    2. Draw the Graphs on the Graph paper.


    Ans : Shown on the Experimental Data

    3. Discuss the Experiment as a whole


    Ans: Shown on the Discussion Part

    4. How inverting amplifier is used as a “trans-resistance amplifier” circuit?


    Ans:

    5. From the frequency response curve obtained comment on the behavior of an inverting amplifier.
    Ans:

    Discussion:

    In this experiment, the focus was on exploring the fundamental applications of operational amplifiers
    (op-amps) as amplifiers, essential components in electronics that take an input signal and deliver a
    larger, undistorted version at the output. The incorporation of negative feedback in amplifier circuits,
    achieved through an external resistor connecting the output and (-) input terminal of the op-amp, played
    a central role. This feedback mechanism decouples circuit performance from the op-amp's open-loop
    gain (AOL), introducing a closed-loop gain (ACL) that remains independent of AOL and enhances stability
    and precision. The experiment also delved into the critical concept of frequency response, essential for
    ensuring consistent signal amplification across the expected range of frequencies. Understanding the
    behavior of inverting amplifiers in terms of their frequency response characteristics was a key objective,
    providing foundational knowledge for applications across electrical engineering and beyond.

    References:
    1. Single supply op-amp circuit collection,
    http://instruct1.cit.cornell.edu/courses/bionb440/datasheets/SingleSupply.pdf
    2. Op-amps for everyone, http://focus.ti.com/lit/an/slod006b/slod006b.pdf
    3. Wayne Storr., (1999-2013). Electronics tutorial about passive low pass filter. Available:
    http://www.electronics-tutorials.ws/filter/filter_2.html. Last accessed 25th Sep 2013.
    4. Wayne Storr., (1999-2013). Electronics Tutorial Summary of Operational Amplifiers. Available:
    http://www.electronics-tutorials.ws/filter/filter_2.html. Last accessed 25th Sep 2013.

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