PG Biochemistry Syllabus
PG Biochemistry Syllabus
PG Biochemistry Syllabus
(RSBSC)
Department of Biochemistry
1. The learning outcomes are designed to help life science graduates to understand theobjectives of
studying M.Sc.(Hons.) Biochemistry that is, to analyse, appreciate, understand the basic concepts
of chemical reactions that occur in living systems, which enable them to understandthe various
perspectives of applied sciences that benefit themankind.
2. The organization of the courses/papers have been worked into semesters while keeping in
consideration the credit load in each semester with the ultimateend of outcomes of
thecourse/programme.
3. Learning outcomes can be modified later with proper justification in response tosituational
environments globally or as per regionalrequirements.
Part I
Introduction
The discipline of Biochemistry is regarded as Mother of all Biological Sciences disciplines because it
unveils the chemical basis of life in all living organisms including plants, animals and
microorganisms.Biochemistry has enourmously contributed in improving the understanding of many of
the metabolic processes all across different forms of life. This has helped in achieving massive
improvements in the field of health sciences, agriculture and its many branches, drug designing, food
technology, and also in environmental bioremediation.
Keeping in pace with the developmental trends in various subareas of Biochemistry it is expected that the
students undertaking Biochemistry (Honours) course at postgraduate level become conversant with the
fundamentals of Biochemistry and at the same time at the end of the programme they exhibit certain
levels of learning outcomes. Such learning outcomes like
understandingofdiscipline,criticalthinking,problemsolving,analyticalandscientificreasoning,
research/industry related skills, etc. will empower the students to develop their future career with
amuchbetterandmeaningfulorientation.WiththisbackgroundLOCF-Biochemistrypostgraduate model
curriculum has been developed, which includes 10 core theory papers, 12 department
specifictheorypapersandcorrespondingpracticalpapers.Thecoursecontentsinclude fundamentals as well as
upcoming developments in the discipline of Biochemistry and interfacial sciences.
In the learning outcome-based approach, extensive deliberation has been made to identify the
minimumlearningoutcomefromastudentaftercompletingeachcourse. To achieve better understanding parallel
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practical components have been introduced. In this regard the department has been maintaining a healthy
student ‗teacher ratio for both theory and practical classes.
The course is designed as per the UGC regulation for a period of two years where the students have to
study 10 Core courses in Biochemistry, 12 advance courses in Biochemistry known as Discipline Specific
Elective Courses, and 2 Ability Enhancement Compulsory Courses. The final two can be selected by the
students depending on their choice in other departments as per the courses available in other departments
of the university. In first three semesters the students are provided basics of Biochemistry syllabus,
besides the courses which they have to opt in other departments.
The overall aims of Master‘s degree (Hons) programme in Biochemistry are to:
1. Provide students with a platform to develop their interest in learning biochemistry; develop in-depth
understanding of the working of biomolecules, key biochemical concepts, and equip students with
appropriate technical and analytical skills to tackle issues and problems in the field of biochemistry.
2. Expose the students to a wide range of careers that combine biology, plants,and medicine.
3. Providestudentswithsomework/researchexperience,viaaresearch-baseddissertationworkin a research
laboratory to further boost the careerprospects.
3. Provide students with the knowledge and skill base that would enable them to undertake further studies
in biochemistry and related areas and help develop a range of generic skills that are relevant to the
needs of the biotech/pharma industry or the major research institutions, or for entrepreneurship.
The qualification descriptors for the M.Sc. programme in Biochemistry shall be five learning attributes
such as understanding, use, communication, and demonstration of experimental and theoretical
knowledge with a clear understanding. The key qualification descriptor for postgraduate Biochemistry
shall be clarity of concepts, experimentation, communication as well as critical thinking and ethical
awareness. Each postgraduate in Biochemistry should be able to
• demonstrate a coherent and systematic approach to the experimental and theoretical aspects of
biochemistry.
• demonstrate the ability to understand the role of scientific developments, particularly,biological sciences
in a changing world from the disciplinary perspective as well as in relation to its professional and
everyday use.
• communicate ideas, opinions, and values—both scientific themes and values of life in all shades and
shapes—to expand the knowledge of the subject as it moves from the classroom/laboratory to industry
andsociety.
• demonstratetheabilitytosharetheresultsofacademicanddisciplinarylearningthroughdifferent forms of
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communication such as essays, dissertations, reports, findings, notes, seminars, research papers etc, on
different platforms of communication such as the classroom, the media, and the internet.
• recognize the scope of biochemistry in terms of career opportunities, employment and lifelong
engagement in teaching, publishing, communication, media, soft skills, other allied fields or engaging in
research activity that can benefit the society regionally, nationally, orglobally.
The learners who complete two years of full time postgraduate (Honours) programme in Biochemistry
would earn a Master‘s (Honours) degree in Biochemistry. The learning outcomes that a student should be
able to demonstrate on completion of a degree level programme may involve academic, personal, and
behavioral as well as entrepreneurial and social competencies. These outcomes will provide insight to the
faculty members teaching the course. This is the most critical part and therefore it is essential that faculty
members undergo rigorous orientation
programmepriortoteachingthecourseTheprogrammelearningoutcomes relating to M.Sc.(Honours) degree
programme in Biochemistry can be summarized as under:
1. AcademicCompetence
Teaching learningprocess
In order to make learning an enjoyable activity, learners should be encouraged to engage in a rigorous
process of learning and self-discovery by adopting a application based, highly focused and yet flexible
approach to education as opposed to rote learning. In teaching and learning pedagogy, there will be a shift
from domain or conclusions-based approach to the experiential or process/es-based approach.
The teaching of postgraduate biochemistry for each course, except ability enhancement ability
courses,shallincludelecturesfollowedbyLaboratoryexerciseforthatcourse.Lectures will have good
proportion of visuals learning component and ICT enabled delivery.
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ForoverallunderstandingofthesubjectBiochemistry,multipleteaching tools can beused.
Lectures
ICT tools involving smart boards, power point presentations, live demonstrations, videos, animations,
models, improve the understanding of basic molecular interactions in the living systems and make the
teaching sessions enjoyable. Lectures will be interactive in a way that students work with their teachers to
get new insights in the subject area.
Discussions
Practical
Aftercompletionofexperimentsinpracticalclass,
studentsshouldbegivenrelatedproblems.Thiswillenhancetheabilityofproblem-basedlearning (PBL).
Case Studies:
Project work
The students will be encouraged to carry out small project work of their choice to quench their curiosity.
To understand research, student can undertake a small dissertation work where
he/sheexhaustivelyperformstheliteraturesearchandcompilesthemasameaningfulpresentation.
Teamwork
Positivecollaborationintheformofteamworkiscriticalintheclassroomenvironment,forwhich it is necessary to
transcend one‘s prejudices and predilections to achieve the desired outcomes. In the process of teamwork,
learners will acquire the skills of managing knowledge
acquisitionandothercollaborativelearners,therebyunderstandinghowtoincorporateandbalance personalities.
Study Tours/FieldVisits
Study Tours/field trips provide opportunities to the students to explore further their theory and practical
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learning of Biochemistry. These may include visits to Premier Research Institutes and Industrial
establishments.AlistofsuchResearch/Industrialinstitutionshasbeenappendedattheendofthis curriculum.
ASSESSMENTMETHODS
Diversity in Assessment Methods: Allowing for the diversity in learning andpedagogical methods
are expected to ensure that the objectives of the course(s) are clearly aligned to learning outcomes. The
curricula developed has been made with a transparent roadmap of (a) pedagogical methods and priorities
and (b) learning outcomes that reflect the weightage points given to different aspects of skills and
achievements identified in therecommendations.
Keywords
Biochemistry, courses, practicals, metabolism, enzymes, genes, carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, DNA,
RNA, vitamins, amino acids, physiology, respiration, fermentation, molecular biology, nutrition,
microbiology, immunology, synthetic biology, metabolic engineering, genomics, proteomics,
recombinant DNA, genetic engineering, history.
Part-II
To meet the objectives of postgraduate program in Biochemistry Core (Foundational) Courses, Elective
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Courses (Specializations from within Biochemistry and from allied disciplines), Ability Enhancement
Elective Courses are envisaged. The programme includes a variety of courses with different credits
comprising of Core Courses (C) and elective courses. Core courses are all mandatory courses, Discipline-
Specific Elective (DSE) can be chosen. Besides, the programme also includes two compulsory courses
termed as Ability Enhancement Compulsory (AEEC) courses. The Core courses (CC) also termed as
Foundational Courses are designed to promote common educational edifice for the discipline of
Biochemistry.
ThesecourseswillprovidefoundationalknowledgeofBiochemistryanditsvarioussubdisciplines to the
students. Each Core Course in Biochemistry (BCH C) will be of comprising off theory and two
creditspractical.
The ―Discipline-Specific Elective (DSE)‖ courses are specialized or advanced courses and are intended to
cater to various specializations within Biochemistry broader discipline according to
CBCSprogramrequirements.Thesecoursesofferchoicesandcanbeoptedfromapoolofcourses.
These courses provide extensive exposure in the area chosen. Each Discipline Specific Elective Course in
Biochemistry (BCH DSE) will be of three/four credits theory.
Ability enhancement compulsory courses will include Communicative English and Behavorial Sciences
of 1 credit each per semester in the first two semesters. Communicative English will be continued
throughout the course and in the final two semesters there will be skill-based ability enhancement courses
with 2 credits per semester each which the students can select from the various courses being offered by
the university.
To complete M.Sc.(Hons.) Biochemistry programme, a student must study ten Core Courses (BCH C),
eight Discipline-Specific Electives (BCH DSE), four practical courses, two Skill Enhancement Elective
Courses (BCH SEE) and four compulsory Ability Enhancement Elective (BCH AEE) Courses. The Core
Courses, Discipline-Specific Electives and practicals are three/four-credit courses, whereas Skill
Enhancement Courses and Ability Enhancement Courses are 4 credit courses. A student must earn 102
credits to obtain M.Sc. (Honours) Biochemistry degree.
The curriculum proposes to have a strong interface between regular and online learning modes,
thereby,activelyutilizingnationalknowledgenetworkresources.Thefacultywouldutilizevirtual and actual
classrooms through video lectures, small group discussions, tutorials, and individual presentations.
Community engagement may be incorporated through socially driven small scale research projects,
workshops, field/laboratory training/experiential exercises and simulations utilizing currently available
knowledge systems and technological facilities. Care has been taken to bring in the elements of skill to
enhance employmentopportunities.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
8
SCHEME OF EVALUATION
I. Theory Papers (T): II. Practical Papers (P): III. Combined Theory &
Practical Papers (TP):
9
SCHEME AND COURSE STRUCTURE FOR CHOICE BASED CREDIT
SYSTEM IN
M.Sc. HONOURS BIOCHEMISTRY
Core Subjects (please use rows as required) Core Subjects (please use rows as required)
10
Ability Enhancement Elective Course (AEEC)
(Skill Based):
7 AEEC/SE 2 2
C/-1*
Total:21 Total:22
Core Subjects (please use rows as required) Core Subjects (please use rows as required)
5 AEEC/SE 2 2
C/-2*
11
Elective: Discipline Specific DSE Elective: Discipline Specific DSE
Total:29 Total:31
Anyone to be selected Any one to be selected Any three to be selected Any three to be selected
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1ST SEMESTER SYLLABUS
13
PAPER I: CHEMISTRY OF BIOMOLECULES
SUBJECT CODE: BCH154C101
CREDIT UNITS: L-T-P-C = 3-1-0-4
STUDENT’S SCHEME OF EVALUATION: Theory Papers (T)
Course Objective:
The course aims to provide students with an understanding of the biomolecules the basic building blocks of
living organisms, focusing on their structural underpinnings, unique properties, biological roles and functions
and inter relations.
Emphasis will be on the association between structure and function of various biomolecules at a
chemical level with a biological perspective as well as hands on approach and laboratory
techniques.
Students will be introduced to bioinformatics and its application.
Structure, properties, and classification of amino acids; titration curves; peptide bond &
Ramachandran plot; levels of protein structure; globular, membrane & fibrous proteins;
interactions stabilizing proteins; supersecondary& domain structure; protein targeting;
II protein folding, misfolding & aggregation; molecular chaperones; unstructured proteins; 16
protein dynamics; naturally occurring peptides.
Structure and properties of various forms of DNA and RNA; forces stabilizing nucleic acid
structures; structure, chemistry and biological functions of carbohydrates and lipids;
III glycoproteins & lipoproteins. 16
Total 64
Text Books:
1. Branden, C.I. and Tooze, J. (2009) Introduction to Protein Structure. Second edition, CRC Press.
14
2. Finkelstein, A.V. and Ptitsyn, O.B. (2016) Protein Physics: A course of lectures. Second edition, Academic
Press Publications.
3. Almeida, P. (2016) Proteins Concepts in Biochemistry. Garland Science Publishers.
4. Nelson D.L. and Cox M.M. (2017) Lehninger's Principles of Biochemistry, Seventh Edition, Freeman &
Co, New York.
5. Atkins P.W. (2017) The Elements of Physical Chemistry.Seventh Edition, Oxford Univ. Press.
6. Finar I. L. (2012) Organic Chemistry, Pearsons.
7. Morrison R.T. and Boyd R.N. (2009) Organic Chemistry, Seventh Edition, Pearsons.
8. Stryer L. (2015) Biochemistry, Eight Editions. W.H. Freeman.
9. Voet, D. and Voet, J.G. (2011) Biochemistry. Fourth Edition, John Wiley & Sons.
Reference :
15
III Students will learn about the Chalk and board Discussions, oral
chemistry and biological functions of teachings, powerpoint questioning and
carbohydrates, nucleic acid and
lipids; glycoproteins & lipoproteins. presentations analytical questions
will be given to
students. Internal
exams and seminars
will beconducted
IV Students will learn and will be Chalk and board Discussions, oral
given basic Introduction to teachings, powerpoint questioning and
bioinformatics & computational presentations. analytical questions
biology; applications of will be given to
bioinformatics. students. Internal
exams and seminars
will beconducted
Course Objective:
16
Detailed Syllabus:
Cellclassification
Biochemistry of blood
17
Hydrogen ion homeostasis- Factors regulating blood pH -
buffers, respiratory and renal regulation. Acid-base balance -
metabolic and respiratory acidosis and alkalosis.
Total 64
Text Books:
1. Molecular Biology of the Cell, 6th edition. Bruce Alberts, Dennis Bray, JulianLewis,
2. Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, and James D Watson. Publisher New York: GarlandScience.
3. The Cell: A Molecular Approach, 7th Edition, by Geoffrey M. Cooper and RobertE.
Hausman, published by ASMPress.
4. Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry, Nelson, D.L., Cox, M.M., WH Freeman and
Company, New York, USA. 7th edition, 2017
5. Molecular Cell Biology; Lodish et al., 8thEdn. W.H. Freeman and Co.(2012).
6. Biochemistry 8th Edn. Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, LubertStryer.
7. Victor Rodwell, David Bender, P. Anthony Weil, Peter Kennelly. Harpers Illustrated
Biochemistry 31th Edition,2018
Reference:
1. Lipid Biochemistry; 5th Edn. Michael I. Gurr, John L. Harwood and Keith N. Frayn,
Blackwell Science (2002).
2. Principles of Human Physiology; 6th Edn. Cindy L. Stanfield Pearson,(2011).
3. Biochemistry Ed. Donald Voet& Judith G. Voet, 4thEdn. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
(2012).
4. Mammalian Biochemistry; White, Handler and Smith, McGraw-Hill,(1986)
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Facilitating the achievement of Course Learning Outcomes
III Students will learn about the Chalk and board Discussions,oral
composition of blood, teachings, powerpoint questioning and
clotting mechanisms of presentations analytical questions
blood, role of various ions in will be given to
the blood and their effect on students. Internal
the blood, and the various exams and seminars
factors that affect the pH of will beconducted
blood and the subsequent
effect of change of blood pH
IV Students will learn about the Chalk and board Discussions, oral
digestive system, and the teachings,powerpoint questioning and
molecular components ofthe presentations, analytical questions
19
digestive system, digestion chronology of will be given to
and absorbtionof molecular events in students. Internal
carbohydrates, lipids, various processes will exams and seminars
proteins, vitamins, minerals, be shown asflowchart will be conducted
and the excretory system,the
working mechanisms of the
excretion, mechanism of
maintainence of water and
electrolyte balance, the
endocrine system and the
biochemistry ofvision
Course Objective:
Detailed Syllabus:
20
distribution of actions, anions and ionophores. Uniport,
antiport and symport mechanisms, shuttle systems. The
mitochondrial respiratory chain, order and organization of
carriers, proton gradient, iron sulphur proteins, cytochromes
and their characterization.
Lipids metabolism
Lipids Fatty acid biosynthesis: Acetyl CoA carboxylase, Fatty
acid synthase, desaturase and elongase. Fatty acid
oxidationand its regulation. Lipid Biosynthesis: Biosynthesis
of triacyglycerols, phosphoglycerides and
sphingolipids,Biosyntheticpathwaysforterpenes,steroidsand
III prostaglandins. Ketone bodies: Formation and utilisation. 16
Metabolism of Circulating lipids: chylomicrons, LDL, HDL
and VLDL. Free fatty acids. Lipid levels in pathological
conditions.
Total 64
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Text Books:
Reference :
1. Berg, J. M., Tymoczko, J. L. and Stryer.,Biochemistry,, W.H Freemanand Co., 9th edition,
2019.
2. Buchanan,B.,Gruissem,W.andJones,R.,BiochemistryandMolecularBiologyofPlants,
2ndEdn, American Society of Plant Biologists,USA.
3. Fundamentals of Biochemistry by J.L.Jain, Nitin Jain and Sunjay Jain, S.ChandGroup.
22
II Students will learn metabolism Chalk and board Discussions,oral
of carbohydrates, the associated teachings, powerpoint questioning and
bioenergetics and the extensive presentations analytical questions
regulatory mechanisms in place will be given to
to control carbohydrate students. Internal
formation and breakdown exams and seminars
will beconducted
III Students will learn about lipid Chalk and board Discussions,oral
metabolism, synthesis of fatty teachings, powerpoint questioning and
acids and different types of presentations analytical questions
complex lipids, lipid hormones, will be given to
roleoflipidmoleculeslikeLDL, students. Internal
HDL, and involvement of lipids exams and seminars
indiseases will beconducted
Course Objective:
To educate the students about the practical aspects of Organic and BiophysicalChemistry,
Cell biology, Physiology, Bioenergetics and intermediarymetabolism.
Tointroducethestudentstobasicbiochemicaltestsfordetectionofbiomoleculesandtheir
estimations.
To introduce the students to experiments to visualize and understand different cell
structures present in the body
23
Detailed Syllabus:
Total 96
Text books:
24
Facilitating the achievement of Course Learning Outcomes
26
2ND SEMESTER
27
PAPER I: ENZYMOLOGY
SUBJECT CODE: BCH154C201
CREDIT UNITS: L-T-P-C = 3-1-0-4
STUDENT’S SCHEME OF EVALUATION: Theory Papers (T)
Course Objective:
Teach the students on the kinetic of enzyme catalysis; steady state enzyme and transient
kinetic.
Provide students with opportunities to learn and understand the basic concept behind
enzyme and enzyme catalyzedreaction.
Detailed Syllabus:
28
Mechanism of Enzyme Action–Acid-base catalysis, covalent
catalysis, proximity, orientation effect. Strain & distortion theory.
Chemical modification of active site groups. Site directed
III mutagenesis of enzymes. Mechanism of action of chymotrypsin, 14
lysozyme, glyceraldehyde 3- phosphate dehydrogenase, aldolase,
carboxypeptidase, triosephosphate isomerise and alcohol
dehydrogenase
Enzyme Regulation –General mechanisms of enzyme regulation,
product inhibition. Reversible (glutaminesynthase &
phosphorylase) and irreversible (proteases) covalent
IV modifications of enzymes. Mono cyclic and multicyclic cascade 16
systems with specific examples. Feedback inhibition and feed
forward stimulation. Allosteric enzymes, qualitative description
of ―concerted‖ &―sequential‖models forallosteric enzymes. Half
site reactivity, Flip flop mechanism, positive and negative co-
operativity with special reference toaspartate transcarbamoylase&
phosphorfructokinase.
Text Books:
1. Fundamentals of Ezymology; 3rd Edn. Nicholas C. Price and LewisStevens,
OxfordUniversity Press(2012).
2. Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry; D.L.Nelson and M.M. Cox, 7thEdn.
MacMillanPublications(2017).
3. Principles of Biochemistry; Smith et al., Ed. McGrawHill,(1986).
4. Enzymes; Trevor Palmer, East – 2ndedn. West Press Pvt. Ltd., Delhi(2004).
5. Enzymes: A Practical Introduction to Structure, Mechanism, and Data Analysis;
Robert A.Copeland , 2ndedn. Wiley-VCH Publishers(2000).
6. Enzyme Kinetics and Mechanism; Paul F. Cook, W. W. Cleland, GarlandScience
(2007).
7. Biochemical Calculations, Irwin H. Segel (1976) 2nd Ed. John Wiley andSons.
8. Methods in Enzymology; Colowick S.P. et al., Vol. 152, Academic Press,(1987).
9. Methods of Enzymatic Analysis; Bergmeyer Vol. 1-X, (1974).
10. Principles of Enzymology for Food Sciences; Whitaker, Marcel Dekker (1972)
AcademicPress.
11. Enzymes: Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Clinical Chemistry; TrevorPalmer
(Edn)Horwood Chemical Science Series.
12. Introduction to Enzyme and Co-enzyme Chemistry. Ed. T. Bugg, 3rdedn.(2012),
BlackwellScience.
Reference:
30
PAPER I: MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
SUBJECT CODE: BCH154C203
CREDIT UNITS: L-T-P-C = 3-1-0-4
STUDENT’S SCHEME OF EVALUATION: Theory Papers (T)
Course Objective:
Detailed Syllabus:
31
Text Books
1. Lewin B. Genes IX(2011)& Genes XII (2017), Jones & Bartlett Publ.
2. Alberts B., Johnson A., Lewis J., Raft M., Robert K. and Walter P. (2015) Molecular Biology of the Cell, Sixth
Edition, Garland Sci. Publ.
3. Glick B.R. and Pasternack J.J. (2009) Molecular Biotechnology, ASM Press.
4. Maniatis T., Fritsch and Sabrook J. (2014) Molecular Cloning, CHS.
5. Primrose S.B., Twiman R.M. and Old R. W. (2014) Principles of Gene Manipulation, Blackwell Scientific Publ.
6. Sam brook J. and Russell D. W. (2014) Molecular cloning, Vol.I& 2, CSHL Press.
7. Walker T.M. and Rapley R. (2015) Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Royal Soc. Chem.
8. Valentine RC (2015) Molecular Biology and Evolution, CRC Press.
9. Lodish (2013) Molecular Cell Biology, WH Freeman &CO.
10. Trop P.B.E. (2011) Molecular Biology Genes to Proteins, Jones & Bartlett Publisher.
11. Watson, J.D. et al. (2014) Molecular Biology of the Gene, 7th Ed., Benjamin Cummings Publ.
12. Hardin et al. (2015) Becker's World of the Cell, Ninth edition, Pearson, U. K.
13. Pollard et al. (2017) Cell Biology, Third edition, Elsevier IE.
14. Cooper G. (2018) The Cell: A Molecular Approach, Eighth edition, Oxford University Press, NC USA.
References
1. Lodish (2013) Molecular Cell Biology, WH Freeman &CO.
2. Trop P.B.E. (2011) Molecular Biology Genes to Proteins, Jones & Bartlett Publisher.
3. Watson, J.D. et al. (2014) Molecular Biology of the Gene, 7th Ed., Benjamin Cummings Publ.
4. Hardin et al. (2015) Becker's World of the Cell, Ninth edition, Pearson, U. K.
5. Pollard et al. (2017) Cell Biology, Third edition, Elsevier IE.
PAPER III:IMMUNOLOGY
SUBJECT CODE: BCH154C214
CREDIT UNITS: L-T-P-C = 3-1-0-4
STUDENT’S SCHEME OF EVALUATION: Theory Papers (T)
Course Objective:
Detailed Syllabus:
33
Generation of Diversity in Immune System: Clonal selection theory -
concept of antigen specific receptor. Organization and expression of
immunoglobulin genes: generation of antibody diversity. T cellreceptor
diversity. Humoral and Cell Mediated immune Responses. Kinetics of
primary and secondary immune responses. Complement activation and
II its biological consequences. Antigen processing and presentation. 16
Cytokines and co stimulatory molecules: Role in immune responses. T
and B cell interactions. Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC)
Genes and Products. Polymorphism of MHC genes. Role of MHC
antigens in immune responses. MHC antigens intransplantation.
64
TOTAL
Text Books:
35
PAPER IV:PRACTICAL II
SUBJECT CODE: BCH154C214
CREDIT UNITS: L-T-P-C = 0-0-3-3
STUDENT’S SCHEME OF EVALUATION: PRACTICAL (P)
Course Objective:
1. Blood grouping.
2. Enumeration ofWBC‘s
II 3. Radial immunodiffusion assay. 24
4. Double diffusion method.
1. Demonstration of ELISA.
2. Demonstration of PCR
IV 3. Designing of primers. 24
4. Demonstration of western blotting.
Total 96
Text Book:
36
1. Biochemistry, ed. Plummer Tata 3rdEdn.-McGraw Hill,.
2. Practical Clinical Biochemistry, ed. Harold Varley, 4th edn. CBS Publishers.
3. Hawk‘s Physiological Chemistry, ed. Oser, 14th Edn.,Tata-McGrawHill.
Reference:
1. Practical Clinical Biochemistry: Methods and Interpretation, 4thedn. Ranjna Chawla,
Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers .
2. Practical and Clinical Biochemistry for Medical Students, ed. T.N.Pattabhiraman,
GajannaPublishers.
I Students will learn about the Chalk and board Discussions, oral
colourimetric estimation of teachings, questioning and
biomolecules like glucose, calculations guidance, analytical questions
proteins and vitamin C video presentation of will be given to
the methology, students. Students
conversion of moles, ‗hands on‘ learning
molar, mg, g, L etc, will be regularly
weighing, and monitored
handlingequipments
II Students will learn about the Chalk and board Discussions, oral
estimation of haemoglobin teachings, questioning and
and measurement of blood calculations guidance, analytical questions
cells like WBC, RBC video presentation of will be given to
the methology, students. Students
conversion of moles, ‗hands on‘ learning
molar, mg, g, L etc, will be regularly
weighing, and monitored
handlingequipments
III Students will leran about the Chalk and board Discussions, oral
sepertion of biomolecules teachings, questioning and
using different techniques calculations guidance, analytical questions
video presentation of will be given to
the methology, students. Students
conversion ofmoles, ‗hands on‘ learning
37
molar, mg, g, L etc, will be regularly
weighing, and monitored
handlingequipments
IV Students will learn about the Chalk and board Discussions, oral
effect of substrate, pH, teachings, questioning and
temperature on enzyme calculations guidance, analytical questions
activity and also shall get a video presentation of will be given to
demonstration of HPLC and the methology, students. Students
GLC conversion of moles, ‗hands on‘ learning
molar, mg, g, L etc, will be regularly
weighing, and monitored
handlingequipments
38
3RD SEMESTER
39
PAPER I: ADVANCED ENZYMOLOGY
SUBJECT CODE: BCH154C301
CREDIT UNITS: L-T-P-C = 2-1-0-3
STUDENT’S SCHEME OF EVALUATION: Theory Papers (T)
Course Objective:
The objective of the course is to introduce studentsto
to provide a deeper insight into the fundamentals of enzymestructure
function and kinetics of soluble and immobilizedenzymes.
deals with current applications and future potential ofenzymes.
Detailed Syllabus:
Module Topics (if applicable) & Course Contents Periods
s
Review of unisubstrate enzyme kinetics and factors affecting
the rates of enzyme catalyzed reactions. Michaelis pH functions
and their significance.
I
Classification of multisubstrate reactions with examples of each
12
class.Kinetics of multisubstrate reactions.Derivation of the rate
of expression for Ping Pong and ordered Bi Bi reaction
mechanism .Concept of Convergent and Divergent evolution of
enzymes.Flexibility and conformational mobility of enzymes.
Enzymes Turnover and methods employed to measure
Turnover of enzymes. Significance of enzymes Turnover.
Protein - Ligand binding, including measurement, analysis of
II
binding isotherms. Co- operativity phenomenon. Hill and
12
Scatchard Plots. Allosteric enzymes, Sigmoidal kinetics, and
their physiological significance. Symmetric and sequential
modes for action of allosteric enzymes and their significance.
Immobilized enzymes and their industrial applications.
Multienzyme system: Occurrence, isolation, and their properties.
Polygenic nature of multienzyme systems. Mechanism of action
and regulation of pyruvate dehydrogenase and fatty acid 12
III
synthetase complexes. Immobilized Multienzyme Systems and
their applications.
Co-enzymes and cofactors: Water soluble vitamins as
coenzymes. Metallo enzymes.
40
Detailed Mechanisms of Catalysis of serine proteases.
Ribonuclease, and Triose phosphate isomerases. Enzyme
regulation: General mechanisms of enzyme regulation: Feed 12
Back Inhibition and Feed forward stimulation; Enzyme
IV
repression, induction and degradation, control of enzymatic
activity by products and substrates; Reversible and irreversible
covalent modifications of enzymes.
Text books:
1. Enzymes; Trevor Palmer, East –2nd edn. West Press Pvt. Ltd., Delhi(2004).
2. Enzymes: A Practical Introduction to Structure, Mechanism, and Data Analysis;Robert
A.Copeland ,2nd edn. Wiley-VCH Publishers(2000).Biochemical Calculations, Irwin H. Segel
(1976) 2nd Ed. John Wiley andSons.
3. Methods in Enzymology; Colowick S.P. et al., Vol. 152, Academic Press,(1987).
4. Methods of Enzymatic Analysis; Berg Meyer Vol. 1-X, (1974).
5. Principles of Enzymology for Food Sciences; Whitaker, Marcel Dekker (1972)Academic
Press.
6. Enzymes: Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Clinical Chemistry; TrevorPalmer
(Edn)Horwood Chemical ScienceSeries.
Reference
1. Fundamentals of Ezymology; 3rd Edn. Nicholas C. Price and LewisStevens,
OxfordUniversity Press(2012).
2. Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry, Nelson, D.L., Cox, M.M., WH Freeman
andCompany, New York, USA. 7th edition, 2017
3. Principles of Biochemistry; Smith et al., Ed. McGrawHill,(1986).
4. Introduction to Enzyme and Co-enzyme Chemistry. Ed. T. Bugg,3rd edn. (2012), Blackwell
Science.
41
Facilitating the achievement of Course Learning Outcomes
42
PAPER II:CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY
SUBJECT CODE: BCH154C302
CREDIT UNITS: L-T-P-C = 2-1-0-3
STUDENT’S SCHEME OF EVALUATION: Theory Papers (T)
Course Objective:
The objectives of the course is to introduce students to
The objectives of this course are to demonstrate, through lectures and other labbased
methods, how basic biochemistry and analytical chemistry can be applied to medical
diagnosis, treatment and management.
It will use examples within human system to demonstrate clinical disorders, the
biochemical consequences of disease process and the response totherapy.
Detailed Syllabus:
Module s Topics (if applicable) & Course Contents Periods
44
Facilitating the achievement of Course Learning Outcomes
I Students will learn the method Teaching will be Oral questions will be asked;
specimen collection and analysis; conducted both through students will be asked to discuss
white board mode and
they will learn different aspects of the topic. Quiz, internal
power point
blood and urine collection. assessment
presentation
mode. tests will be conducted.
II Students will gain knowledge on Students will be asked Students will be
inborn errors due to defects in to orally revise the evaluatedthrough class
carbohydrate, protein and lipid previous class before discussion,assignments and
every new class tests. Students willbeassigned
metabolism
helping them in better various topics and willbe asked
understanding and to deliver a powerpoint
their doubts presentation on the assigned
cleared, if any. topics.
Teaching will be
conducted both
through white board
mode and power point
presentation mode.
III Students will learn about diseases Students will be asked Students will be evaluated
caused by metabolic disorders of to orally
through class
endocrine glands such as diabetes, revise the previous discussion,assignments and
obesity, atherosclerosis, Conn‘s class before starting tests. Students willbe
syndrome etc. the new topic.
Teaching will be assigned various topics and will
conducted both be asked to deliver a powerpoint
through white board presentation on the assigned
mode and power point topics.
presentation mode.
IV Students will learn about various Students will be Students will be evaluated
biochemical phenomena occur in asked to orally
through class
cancer, diagnosis of cancer, and its
revise the previous discussion,
treatment
assignments and tests. Students
class before every willbe
new class helping assigned various topics
them in better and will
understanding and be asked to deliver a
45
powerpoint
their doubts
cleared, if any. presentation on the
Teaching will be assigned topics.
conducted both
through white
board mode and
power point mode.
Course objective:
The course aims to develop skills of performing basic biochemical tests important in clinical
investigations, to develop familiarity with biochemical laboratory techniques, and to introduce
students to various practical aspects of enzymology and their correlation in disease conditions.
Course contents:
Modules Topics / Course content Periods
46
1. Estimation of glucose by Folin Wumethod.
2. Estimation of cholesterol by Zack‘smethod.
III 3. Estimation of haemoglobin by Wong‘smethod 24
4. Estimation of urea in blood by Diacetylmonoximemethod.
5. Estimation of serum calcium by Clark and Collipsmethod.
Total 96
Recommended readings:
4. Practical Clinical Biochemistry: Methods and Interpretation, 4th edn. Ranjna Chawla,Jaypee
Brothers Medical Publishers.
5. Practical and Clinical Biochemistry for Medical Students, ed. T.N. Pattabhiraman,Gajanna
Publishers.
Facilitating the achievement of Course Learning Outcomes
47
Outcomes Activity
48
TH
4 SEMESTER
49
PAPER I: MICROBIOLOGY
SUBJECT CODE: BCH154C402
CREDIT UNITS: L-T-P-C = 2-1-0-3
STUDENT’S SCHEME OF EVALUATION: Theory Papers (T)
Course Objective:
The objective of the course is to introduce students to
to introduce basic principles and application relevance of clinicaldisease
the content of course includes many etiological agents responsible for globalinfectious
diseases. It covers all biology of bacteria, viruses and other pathogens related with
infectious diseases inhumans.
The course will provide the conceptual basis for understanding pathogenic
microorganisms and particularly address the fundamental mechanisms oftheir
pathogenicity.
It will also provide opportunities for a student to develop diagnostic skills in
microbiology, including the practical application and interpretation of laboratory tests for
the diagnosis of infectiousdiseases.
Detailed Syllabus:
MODULE TOPICS/ CONTENTS PERIODS
Introduction to Microbiology and Diversity:Contributions of Anton von
Leeuwenhoek, Louis Pasteur, Robert Koch, Joseph Lister, Alexander
Fleming, Development of the field of soil microbiology: Contributions of
Martinus W. Beijerinck, Sergei N. Winogradsky, Selman A. Waksman, Paul
Ehrlich, Elie Metchnikoff and Edward Jenner. Systems of classification
(Binomial Nomenclature, Whittaker‘s five kingdom and Carl Woese‘s three
I 14
kingdom classification systems and their utility). Difference between
prokaryotic and eukaryotic microorganisms
General characteristics of different groups: Acellular microorganisms
(Viruses, Bacteriophages, Viroids, Prions) and Cellular microorganisms
(Bacteria, Algae, Fungi and Protozoa) with emphasis on distribution and
occurrence, morphology, mode of reproduction and economic importance.
50
Microbial genetics, Physiology and Metabolism:
Genomeorganization. coli, Saccharomyces.
Organelle genome: Chloroplast and Mitochondria. Types of plasmids
– F plasmid, R Plasmids, colicinogenic plasmids, Ti plasmids, linear
plasmids, yeast-2 μ plasmid.
Transformation, Conjugation (mechanism, Hfr and F‘ strains,
II 14
Interrupted mating technique and time of entry mapping).
Transduction (Generalized transduction, specialized transduction).
Definitions of growth, Batch culture, Continuous culture, generation
time and specific growth rate
Nutritional categories and requirements of microorganisms.
Concept of aerobic respiration, anaerobic respiration and fermentation.
Industrial and Medical Microbiology:
Microorganisms in industries – citric acid and lactic acid
production, production of beer and wine.
TOTAL 48
Text books:
Unit No. Course Learning Outcomes Teaching and Learning Assessment Tasks
Activity
I Students will learn the Students will be asked to Oral questions will
difference between orally revise theprevious be asked in
prokaryotes and class beforeeverynew class the class.
eukaryotes; they will also helpingthem in Problems will
learn the bacterial betterunderstanding and be assigned to
morphology and growth their doubtscleared, if test student‘s
pattern any.Videos will be analytical ability.
shown in the class Class tests will
for a better
understanding of be conducted for
the concepts. internal
Teaching will be assessment.
conducted both
through white board
mode and power
point presentations
mode
II Students will understand Students will be Oral questions will
about microbial diversity be asked in
learning fungi, algae, asked to orally
bacteria and viruses revise the previous the class. Problems
class before every will be
new class helping
them in better assigned to test
understanding and student‘s
their doubts cleared, if any. analytical ability.
Videos will be shown in the Class tests will
class for a better
be conducted for
understanding of the concepts.
52
Teaching will be conducted internal
both through white board assessment.
mode and power point
presentations
mode
III Students will learn about Students will be asked to Oral questions will
pathogenicity of orally revise theprevious class be asked in
microorganisms, their beforeevery
mode of action, and new classhelping the class. Problems
epidemiology, they will them in better will be
also understand the understanding and
assigned to test
industrial uses of
their doubts student‘s
microorgnaisms
cleared, if any. analytical ability.
Teaching will be Class tests will
conducted both
through white board mode and be conducted for
power internal
point presentations mode assessment.
IV Students will learn about Students will be Oral questions will
different microscopy, their asked to orally revise the be asked in the class.
working principle, previous Problems will be
applications, differences class beforeevery assigned to test
student‘s
new classhelping
them in better analytical ability.
Class tests will
understanding and
their doubts be conducted for
cleared, if any. internal
Videos will be assessment.
shown in the class
for a better
understanding of
the concepts.
Teaching will be
conducted both
through white board
mode and power
point presentations
mode
53
PAPER II:MEMBRANE BIOLOGY
SUBJECT CODE: BCH154C402
CREDIT UNITS: L-T-P-C = 2-1-0-3
STUDENT’S SCHEME OF EVALUATION: Theory Papers (T)
Course Objective:
The objective of the course is to introduce students to
Students will understand the structures and purposes of basic components ofprokaryotic
and eukaryotic cells, especially macromolecules, membranes, andorganelles
Students will apply their knowledge of cell biology to selected examples of changesor
losses in cellfunction.
Detailed Syllabus:
Module Topics (if applicable) & Course Contents Perio
s ds
I Introduction to bio membranes: Composition of bio membranes - prokaryotic, 12
eukaryotic, neuronal, and subcellular membranes.
Study of membrane proteins. Fluid mosaic model with experimental proof.
Monolayer, planer bilayer and liposomes as model membrane systems.
III Membrane dynamics: Lateral, transverse, and rotational motion of lipids and 12
proteins. Techniques used to study membrane dynamics
- FRAP, TNBS labeling etc. Transition studies of lipid bilayer,
transition temperature. Membrane fluidity, factors affecting membrane
fluidity.
IV Membrane transport: Thermodynamics of transport. Simple diffusion and 14
facilitated diffusion. Passive transport - glucose transporter, anion transporter
and porins. Primary active transporters - P type ATPases, V type ATPases, F
type ATPases. Secondary active transporters - lactose permease, Na+ -glucose
symporter. ABC family of transporters - MDR, CFTR.Group translocation. Ion
channels - voltage-gated ion channels (Na+ /K+
voltage-gated channel), ligand-gated ion channels (acetyl choline receptor),
aquaporins, bacteriorhodopsin. Ionophores -
valinomycin, gramicidin.
TOTAL 48
67
Text books:
I Students will learn about Students will be asked to orally Oral questions will be
various biomembranes, revise the previous class before asked in
structure, fluid mosaic every new class helping them in the class. Problems will
better beassigned to test
model, and liposome
understanding and their doubts student‘sanalytical
cleared, if any.Videos will be ability. Class tests will
shown in the class for a better be conducted for internal
understanding ofthe concepts. assessment.
Teaching will beconducted both
through white boardmode and
power
point presentationsmode
68
II Students will learn about Students will be asked to orally Oral questions will be
micelles, membrane revise the previous class before asked in
asymmetry, macro and every new class helping them in the class. Problems will
better be assigned to test
micro domains in
understanding and their doubts student‘s analytical
membranes, lipid rafts, cleared, if any.Videos will be ability. Class tests will
caveolae, tight junctions shown in the class for a better be conducted for internal
and RBC membrane understanding of the concepts. assessment.
architecture. Teaching will be conducted both
through white board mode and
power
point presentations mode
III Students will understand Students will be asked to orally Oral questions will be
membrane dynamics revise the previous class before asked in
through learning lateral, every new class helping them in the class. Problems will
better be assigned to test
transverse and rotational
understanding and their doubts student‘s analytical
motion of lipids and cleared, if any.Videos will be ability. Class tests will
proteins, and different shown in the class for a better be conducted for internal
techniques to study understanding of the concepts. assessment.
membrane dynamics Teaching will be conducted both
through white board mode and
power
point presentations mode
IV Students will understand Students will be asked to orally Oral questions will be
Membrane transport revise the previous class before asked in
AND ITS every new class helping them in the class. Problems will
better be assigned to test
Thermodynamics of
understanding and their doubts student‘s analytical
transport cleared, if any.Videos will be ability. Class tests will
shown in the class for a better be conducted for internal
understanding of the concepts. assessment.
Teaching will be conducted both
through white board mode and
power
point presentations mode
69
PAPER III:PRACTICAL IV
SUBJECT CODE: BCH154C413
CREDIT UNITS: L-T-P-C = 0-0-3-3
STUDENT’S SCHEME OF EVALUATION: Theory Papers (T)
Course objective:
The course aims to develop skills of performing basic microbiological practicals, to develop
familiarity with biochemical laboratory techniques, and to introduce students to various practical
aspects of membrane biology.
70
Text books:
1. G.F. Brooks, J.S. Butel, S.A. Morse, J.L. Melnick, E. Jawetz, E.A. Adelberg..Jawetz,Melnick
&Adelberg‘s Medical Microbiology, 27th Edn. Lange Publication.USA
2. P. Cossart, P. Boquet, S. Normark, R. Rappuoli.. Cellular Microbiology, 2ndEdn.American
Society for Microbiology Press.USA
3. A.A. Salyers, D.D. Whitt.. Bacterial Pathogenesis: A molecular approach. AmericanSociety
for Microbiology Press, Washington, DCUSA
4. J. Hacker, U. Dorbindt..Pathogenomics: Genome analysis of pathogenic microbes, Wiley-
VCH.Germany
5. D.H. Persing, F.C. Tenover, J. Versalovic, Y. Tang, E.R. Unger, D.A. Relman, T.J.White..
Molecular Microbiology: Diagnostic Principles and Practice, 2nd Edn. American Society for
Microbiology Press.USA
6. K.E. Nelson, C.M. Williams, N.M.H. Graham.. Infectious Disease Epidemiology: Theoryand
Practice, 3rd Edn.(2013) An AspenPublication.
7. Practical Clinical Biochemistry, ed. Harold Varley, 4th edn. CBS Publishers(.
8. Hawk‘s Physiological Chemistry, ed. Oser, 14th Edn.,Tata-McGrawHill.
9. Biochemistry, ed. Plummer 3rd Edn. Tata-McGrawHill,.
71
II Students will learn isolation Chalk and board Discussions, oral
of bacteria, staining and teachings, questioning and
growth pattern calculations guidance, analytical questions
video presentation of will be given to
the methology, students. Students
conversion of moles, ‗hands on‘ learning
molar, mg, g, L etc, will be regularly
weighing, and monitored
handlingequipments
III Students will able to identify Chalk and board Discussions, oral
bacteria by biochemical teachings, questioning and
testand motility; they will calculations guidance, analytical questions
also learn to run SDS-PAGE video presentation of will be given to
the methology, students. Students
conversion of moles, ‗hands on‘ learning
molar, mg, g, L etc, will be regularly
weighing, and monitored
handlingequipments
IV Students will learn the effect Chalk and board Discussions, oral
of detergents on erythrocyte, teachings, questioning and
effect of ethanol on beetroot calculations guidance, analytical questions
membrane and Effect of lipid video presentation of will be given to
composition on the the methology, students. Students
permeability of a lipid conversion of moles, ‗hands on‘ learning
monolayer molar, mg, g, L etc, will be regularly
weighing, and monitored
handlingequipments
72
DISCLIPLINE SPECIFIC ELECTIVE
73
M.SC. BIOCHEMISTRY (CBCS STRUCTURE)
DISCIPLINE SPECIFIC ELECTIVE (DSE) COURSES
Course objective:
The objective of the course is to provide students with a broad understanding of the principles of
bioanalytical instrumentation and to provide an appreciation of their uses.
Course content:
Electronmicroscopy:Light,electron(scanningandtransmission),phase
contrast, fluorescence microscopy, freeze-fracture techniques, specific
IV staining of organelles or markerenzymes. 16
Total 64
74
Text Books:
1. Principles and Techniques of Practical Biochemistry, Keith Wilson and John Walker,
5thedition, 2000.
2. Physical Biochemistry, application to Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, David
Freifelder, 2nd edition,1982.
3. R. F. Boyer, Modern experimental biochemistry, Benjamin Cummings, San Francisco,
3rd ed.,2000.
4. R. F. Boyer, Biochemistry laboratory: modern theory and techniques, Prentice Hall,
Boston, 2nd ed.,2012.
5. D. Harvey, Modern analytical chemistry, McGraw-Hill, Boston, 2000.
I Students will understand the Marker and board, Students will begiven
working principle andapplications Powerpoint assignment for
of electrophoreticand presentations, student example; oral
spectroscopictechnique interaction questions will be asked
75
IV Students will learn about the Marker and board, Students will be asked
working principles of microscopy, Powerpoint questions; students will
different types of microscope and presentations, student be given aresearch
interaction problem and asked to
their applications
address the
question using
combinationof
techniques;
Experimental
designs.
76
Discipline Specific Elective Course – I (DSE- I): Bioinformatics and biostatistics,
77
Statistical Science and Biological Assay: importance, nature and planning
of bioassays, direct and indirect bioassays, design of experiments by Analysis
of variance and Dose-response analysis.
Analysis of Biochemical Data: application of multiple regressions in
IV epidemiologic and clinical data, study of associations between disease and 16
risk factors, Application of odds ratio, Logistic regression with dichotomous
response variable.
Total 64
I Students will learn the basics of Students will be asked Students will be asked
bioinformatics, different types of to orally revise the questions; Internal
databases, and distance-based previous class before assessment tests (mid-
every new class term and end-term)will
methods and character-based
helping them in better be conducted.
methods involved in molecular understanding and their
phylogenetics doubts
Cleared if any.
Teaching willbe
conducted both through
white board mode and
power point
presentations
mode
II Students will learn protein‘s Students will be asked Students will be asked
structure, visualization, to orally revise the questions; Internal
comparison and prediction previous class before assessment tests (mid-
every new class term and end-term)will
understructural bioinformatics;
helping them in better
students will also gain knowledge understanding and their be conducted.
about genomics andproteomics doubts
Cleared if any.
Teaching willbe
conducted both through
white board mode and
power point
presentations
mode
78
III Students will be familiar with Students will be asked Students will be asked
various statistical methods, their to orally revise the questions; Internal
applications and significance previous class before assessment tests (mid-
every new class term and end-term)will
helping them in better be conducted.
understanding and their
doubts
Cleared if any.
Teaching willbe
conducted both through
white board mode and
power point
presentations
mode
IV Students will learn various Students will be asked Students will be asked
biological assays, theirimportance to orally revise the questions; Internal
and analysis of biologicaldata previous class before assessment tests (mid-
every new class term and end-term)will
helping them in better be conducted.
understanding and their
doubts
Cleared if any.
Teaching willbe
conducted both through
white board mode and
power point
presentations
mode
79
Discipline Specific Elective Course – II (DSE- II): Nutritional Biochemistry,Code:BCH154D201
Course objective:
This course aims at understanding the food groups, formulation of balanced diets, vitamin types,
humannutrition,andthedisordersthatariseduetonutritionalimbalancesanditsimpactonoverall health,
and gives an introduction tonutrigenomics.
Course content:
80
Text Books:
I Students will learn the basicconcepts of Students will be asked Students will be
nutritional biochemistry including to orally revise the asked questions;
the nutritional importance of previous class Quiz, internal
biomolecules such as before every new assessment
carbohydrates, proteins, amino class helping them tests will be
acids,lipids in better conducted.
understanding and
their doubts
II Students will gain knowledge cleared, if any.
about different types ofvitamins and Teaching will be
minerals, their nutritional conducted both
importance, and diseases due to their through white
deficiency in humans board mode and
III Students will learn about malnutrition, its power point
prevention, recommended dietary presentation
allowance, importance of protein under mode.
different physiological state
IV Students will learn the process of protein
metabolism under prolonged
fasting conditions and causes of obesity
81
Discipline Specific Elective Course –II (DSE-II): Neurobiochemistry Code:BCH154D201
This paper provides a basic understanding of the nervous system, Structure and function
relationship and integration of the nervous tissue networking and insights in to neurotransmission
Course contents:
82
.
Text books:
1. Arthur C. Guyton and John E Hall, Text book of medical physiology 11th Edition;2006
2. David Nelson and Michael Cox, Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry, 4th edition;2005
3. Bruce Alberts, Alexander Johnson, Juliana Lewis, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts and Peter
Walter, Molecular biology of the cell, 4th Edition;2004
4. Gordon Shepherd, Neurobiology, 3rd Edition;1994
5. MarkFBear,BarryWConnorsandMichaelAParadiso,Neuroscience:Exploringthebrain,4th
Edition; 2015
I Students will learn about neurons, Students will be asked Oral questions will be
nerve fibres, nervous system and to orally revise the asked in the class.
blood brain barrier previous Problems will be
assigned to test
II Students will understand different class before every student‘s
phenomena involved in neuronal new class helping
signaling and synaptic them in better analytical ability.
transmission Class testswill
III Students will learn about understanding and be conducted for
neurotransmitters including its their doubts internal
synthesis, storage, release,binding cleared, if any. assessment.
with receptors, andtheir Videos will be
mechanisms of action shown in the class
IV Students will gain knowledge for a better
about various diseases triggered
understanding of
due to disruptions of neural
processing and etiology of the concepts.
neurodegenerative diseases Teaching will be
conducted both
through white board
mode and power
point presentations
mode
83
Discipline Specific Elective Course – III /IV/V: Environmental Science
Code:BCH154D301/302/303
Credits: 4, Total Hours: 64
Course objective:
This course introduces students to environment concerns. Students are expected to learn about
environment, factors affecting it, environmental ethics and its protection through lectures,
presentations, documentaries, and field visits.
Course content:
84
Bio-diversity and its conservation, introduction, definition
Genetic,speciesandecosystemdiversity.Biogeographicalclassification
ofIndia.Valueofbiodiversity:consumptiveuse,productiveuse,social,
IV ethical, aesthetic and option values. Biodiversity at global, national and 16
local levels. India as a maga-diversity nation. Hot-spots ofbiodiversity.
Threatstobiodiversity:habitatloss,poachingofwildlife,man-wildlife
conflicts. Endangered and endemic species of India. Conservation of
biodiversity : In-situ and Ex-situ conservation ofbiodiversity
Total 64
Text Books
1. ResearchinEducation(1992)6thed.,Best,J.W.andKahn,J.V.,PrenticeHallofIndiaPvt.Ltd. ISBN-
978-81-203-3563-9.
2. AttheBench:ALaboratoryNavigator(2005)Barker,K.,ColdSpringHarborLaboratoryPress (New
York), ISBN: 978-087969708-2.42
3. Research Methodology - Methods and Techniques (2004) 2nd ed., Kothari C.R., New Age
International Publishers. ISBN –81-224-1522-9
4. ResearchMethodology:AStepbyStepGuideforBeginners(2005)2nded.,KumarR.,Pearson
Education. ISBN:978-1-4129-6467-8.
5. Biostatistics: A Foundation for Analysis in the Health Sciences (2013) 10th ed., Daniel W.W.,
John Wiley and Sons Inc. ISBN-13: 978-1118302798 ISBN-10:1118302796
6. StatisticsattheBench:AStep-by-StepHandbookforBiologists(2010)Bremer,M.andDoerge, R.W.,
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press (New York), ISBN: 978-0-879698-57-7.
I Students will learn the basics of Students will be asked Oral questions willbe
environmental science including to orally revise the asked; students will be
definitions, scope and importance previous class before asked to discuss the
every new class topic. Quiz,
85
II helping them in better internalassessment
Students will understand about the
various renewable and non- understanding and their tests will be conducted.
renewable natural resourcesdoubts
cleared, if
including forest resources, food
any. Teaching
resources, mineral resources, willbe
energy resources and land conducted both through
resources white board mode and
power point
presentations
III Students will understand and
mode
realize the seriousness of
environmental pollution, and its
causes, effects and control
measures
86
Discipline Specific Elective Course – III/IV/V : Research Methodology
Code:BCH154D301/302/303
Credits: 4, Total Hours: 64
Course objective:
Course content:
87
Text Books:
1. ResearchinEducation(1992)6thed.,Best,J.W.andKahn,J.V.,PrenticeHallofIndiaPvt.Ltd. ISBN-
978-81-203-3563-9.
2. AttheBench:ALaboratoryNavigator(2005)Barker,K.,ColdSpringHarborLaboratoryPress (New
York), ISBN: 978-087969708-2.42
3. Research Methodology - Methods and Techniques (2004) 2nd ed., Kothari C.R., New Age
International Publishers. ISBN –81-224-1522-9
4. ResearchMethodology:AStepbyStepGuideforBeginners(2005)2nded.,KumarR.,Pearson
Education. ISBN:978-1-4129-6467-8.
5. Biostatistics: A Foundation for Analysis in the Health Sciences (2013) 10th ed., Daniel W.W.,
John Wiley and Sons Inc. ISBN-13: 978-1118302798 ISBN-10:1118302796
6. StatisticsattheBench:AStep-by-StepHandbookforBiologists(2010)Bremer,M.andDoerge, R.W.,
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press (New York), ISBN: 978-0-879698-57-7.
I Students will learn about the Students will be asked Oral questions willbe
basics of research methodology to orally revise the asked; students will
encompassing its objectives and previous class before be asked to discuss
every new class
motivation in research the topic.
helping
II Students will learn how to select them in better
understanding and their
and define a research problem;
doubts cleared, if any.
importance of review literature Teaching will be
conducted both through
III Students will learn about different black board mode and
experimental designs, methods of power point
data collection and about record presentation mode.
keeping
IV Studentswilllearnanalysisofdata
applying various statistical
methods and gain knowledge
about different ways to represent
these analyzeddata
88
Discipline Specific Elective Course – III/IV/V : Genetics for Biologist
Code:BCH154D301/302/303
Credits: 4, Total Hours: 64
Course objective:
1. FundamentalsofBiochemistry:Lifeatthemolecularlevel,4thEdition.D.Voet,J.G.Voet and
W.Pratt(2012).
2. Principles of Biochemistry, 4Th Edition. Nelson, D.L. and M.M. Cox (2005). 3.
Biochemistry, 5th Edition. Jeremy M. Berg, John L.Tymoczko and LubertStryer(2002).
3. iGenetics, 3rd Edition, Peter JRussel.
4. Molecular Biology of the Gene, Watson et al . 7thedition.
5. Benjamin Lewin, Genes XI. Jones & Bartlett Learning; 11th edition (2012).
90
Discipline Specific Elective Course – III/IV/V : Microbial Biochemistry
Code:BCH154D301/302/303
Credits: 4, Total Hours: 64
Course objective:
The Medical Microbiology course has been formulated to impart basic and medically relevant
information on the microbes. The microbial structure, growth and development, methods,
androle of sterilization in the context of study of microbes are included. The pathogenic microbes
and the diseases caused by them are included to broaden the perspective of the subject. This
course will also focus on mechanisms of microbial pathogenesis and the host response, and the
scientific approaches that are used to investigate theseprocesses.
Course content:
92
Discipline Specific Elective Course – VI/VII/VIII: Biochemistry of Common Disorders
Code:BCH152D401/402/403
Credits: 4, Total Hours: 64
Course objective:
Theobjectiveistoprovideknowledgeaboutcommonlifestyledisorderswithdetailedinsightinto two
major killers: Cancer and Cardiovasculardiseases.
Course content:
DiagnosticTechniques:Collectionandstorageofbiologicalsamplesfor clinical
use. Commonly used tests for diagnosis of various diseases and their
II interpretation. Blood analysis: Total blood count including ESR, Total serum 16
proteins and their fractions. Blood glucose (GTT) (Fasting andpost-
prandial),serumlipidfraction–cholesterol,triglyceride,LDL
andHDL,bloodurea,andserumcalcium.Urine:Creatinine,Glucose and protein
(albumin). Enzymes: SGPT, SGOT and isoenzymes as markers in various
disorders and diseases.
Diseases and Disorders (common occurrence): Aetiology; classification
(ifany);causativefactors;incidence,symptomsandbiochemicalaspects
III andmarkersfor-identification,monitoring,preventionandinterventions; and 16
nutritional aspects, overweight andobesity.
Cardiovascular disease: Diabetes, Gall bladder & Hepatitis, (A, B, and C),
Cirrhosis, alcoholic liver disease, Gall stones, pancreatitis- Causes, Prevention
and dietary management.
93
Text Books:
1. Biochemistry; Donald Voet, Judith G. Voet, 4th Edition, John Wiley and sons(2010).
2. Lehninger-PrinciplesofBiochemistry;DavidL.NelsonandMichaelM.Cox,6thEdition,
W. H. Freeman (2013). 46
3. Biochemistry- The Chemical Reactions of Living Cells; David E. Metzler, 2nd Edition,
Academic Press(2001).
4. Outlines of Biochemistry; Eric E. Conn, Paul K. Stumpf, George Breuning, Roy H. Doi,
5th Edition, John-Wiley and sons(2009).
5. Biochemistry- The Chemical Reactions of Living Cells; David E. Metzler, 2nd Edition,
Academic Press(2001).
6. Hawk‘s Physiological Chemistry, ed. Oser, 14th Edn. (1976), Tata-McGrawHill.
7. Fundamentals of Practical Biochemistry. Mohanty and Basu, BI Publications, India.2002.
8. Clinical Biochemistry, 2nd Edn. W J Marshall, F I Biol and S K Bangert. Elsevier
HealthMosby Saunders. United States of America. ISBN:9780443101861.
Facilitating the achievement of Course Learning Outcomes
94
cardiovascular diseases, renal diseases;
students will learn biochemical
phenomena of cancer and AIDS
95
Discipline Specific Elective Course – VI/VII/VIII : General Pharmacology
Code:BCH154D401/402/403
Credits: 4, Total Hours: 64
Course Objective: The main purpose of the subject is to understand what drugs do to the livingorganisms and
how their effects can be applied to therapeutics. The subject covers theinformation about the drugs like,
mechanism of action, physiological and biochemicaleffects (pharmacodynamics) as well as absorption,
distribution, metabolism, and excretion(Pharmacokinetics) along with the adverse effects, clinical uses,
interactions, doses,Contraindications and routes of administration of different classes of drugs.
Detailed Syllabus
Modules Topics (if applicable) & Course Contents Periods
General Pharmacology
a. Introduction to Pharmacology- Definition, historical landmarks, and scope of
pharmacology, nature and source of drugs, essential drugs concept and routes of
drug administration, Agonists, antagonists (competitive and non-competitive),
08 hours
I spare receptors, addiction, tolerance, dependence, tachyphylaxis, idiosyncrasy,
allergy.
b. Pharmacokinetics- Membrane transport, absorption, distribution, metabolism,
and excretion of drugs. Enzyme induction, enzyme inhibition, kinetics of
elimination
General Pharmacology
a. Pharmacodynamics- Principles and mechanisms of drug action. Receptor
theories and classification of receptors, regulation of receptors. drug receptors
interactions signal transduction mechanisms, G-protein–coupled receptors, ion
channel receptor, transmembrane enzyme linked receptors, transmembrane JAK-
STAT binding receptor and receptors that regulate transcription factors, dose
II response relationship, therapeutic index, combined effects of drugs and factors 12 Hours
modifying drug action.
b. Adverse drug reactions.
c. Drug interactions (pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic)
d. Drug discovery and clinical evaluation of new drugs -Drug discovery phase,
preclinical evaluation phase, clinical trial phase, phases of clinical trials and
pharmacovigilance
Pharmacology of drugs acting on peripheral nervous system
a. Organization and function of ANS.
b.Neurohumoraltransmission,co-transmission and classification of
neurotransmitters.
III c. Parasympathomimetics, Parasympatholytics, Sympathomimetics, 10 Hours
sympatholytics.
d. Neuromuscular blocking agents and skeletal muscle relaxants (peripheral).
e. Local anesthetic agents.
f. Drugs used in myasthenia gravis and glaucoma
Pharmacology of drugs acting on central nervous system
IV a. Neurohumoral transmission in the C.N.S.special emphasis on importance of 15 Hours
various neurotransmitters like with GABA, Glutamate, Glycine, serotonin,
96
dopamine.
b. General anesthetics and pre-anesthetics.
c. Sedatives, hypnotics and centrally acting muscle relaxants.
d. Anti-epileptics
e. Alcohols and disulfiram
f. Psychopharmacological agents: Antipsychotics, antidepressants, anti-anxiety
agents, anti-manics and hallucinogens.
g.Drugs used in Parkinsons disease and Alzheimer‘s disease.
h. CNS stimulants and nootropics.
i. Opioid analgesics and antagonists
j. Drug addiction, drug abuse, tolerance and dependence.
Total 64
Text Books:
1.Rang, H. P., Henderson, G., Flower, R. J., Dale, M. M. (2015). Rang&Dale's Pharmacology. 8th
edition.United Kingdom. Churchil LivingstoneElsevier
2. Katzung B. G., Masters S. B., Trevor A. J.(2013). Basic and clinical pharmacology, 11 th edition. New
Delhi. Tata McGraw-Hill
3.Laurence L. Brunton et al.(2017).Goodman and Gilman‘s, The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics.
13th edition. Mcgrow hill education.
4. Marry Anne K. K.et al. (2008). Applied Therapeutics, The Clinical use of Drugs. 9th edition .The Point
Lippincott Williams &Wilkins
5. Mycek M.J, Gelnet S.B and Perper M.M. (2018). Lippincott‘s Illustrated Reviews-Pharmacology. 7th
edition.
6. Tripathi, K. (2016). Essentials of Medical Pharmacology. 8th edition. India: Jaypee Brothers, Medical
Publishers Pvt. Limited
Reference Book:
7.Sharma. H. L., Sharma, K. K. (2017). Sharma & Sharma's Principles of Pharmacology. India: Paras
Medical Publisher.
8.Stitzel, R. E. (2004). Modern Pharmacology with Clinical Applications. 6th edition. United
Kingdom: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
9. Ghosh MN.(2015).Fundamentals Of Experimental Pharmacology. India: Hilton & Company.
II Students will be ableto Teaching will be conducted both Oral questions will be asked
explain the mechanism of through black board mode and in the class. Students will be
drug action at organ power point presentation mode given to prepare power point
system/sub cellular/ presentation on the assigned
macromolecular levels. topics related to the class
teachings.
97
III Apply the basic Teaching will be conducted both Problem solving assignments,
pharmacological through black board mode and regular question answer
knowledge in the power point presentation mode. sessions, MCQs and unit-test
prevention and treatment Software‘s/ Videos will be for internal assessment
of various diseases and issued to demonstrate animal
students will be able to experiment.
observe the effect of drugs
on animals by simulated
experiments
IV Appreciate correlation of Appropriate mix of chalk and Internal assessment tests will
pharmacology with other board teaching as well as use of be conducted, – presentations
bio medical sciences Power point presentations for will be assessed along with
clarity of concepts with practical assessment.
reactions, Practical
demonstration will be given.
98
Discipline Specific Elective Course – VI/VII/VIII :Biomaterials
Code:BCH154D401/402/403
Credits: 4, Total Hours: 64
Course objective:
Biomaterials restore the body of a person back to normalcy following any trauma or disease. The
papercomprisesoftopicswhichdescribestheproperties,synthesisandapplicationofbiomaterials.
Course content:
Modules Topics / Course content Periods
Introduction to biomaterials: classification, chemistry and characterization of
biomaterials. The state of the art of biomaterials and
thechallenges.Disciplinesinvolvedinbiomaterialsscienceandthepath from a need
to a manufactured medical device. Material selection requirements for
biomaterials – metals, composites, ceramics and polymers. Tissue environment
of the implanted biomaterial: unit cell processes. Tissue responses to implants.
I 16
Nanomaterials: fullerenes, carbon nanotubes, nanomembranes. Synthesis of
bio-materials, Characterization of chemical, physical, mechanical properties,
visco elasticity, end group analysis, determination of molecular weight of a
polymer.
Biocompatibility: biocompatibility of bio-materials, wound-healing process,
body response to implants, blood compatibility. Tests to assess
biocompatibility of a polymer, modifications to improve biocompatibility.
II 16
Reactions of biomaterials with cellular and extra cellular components.
99
Text Books:
1. Sujata V. Bhat, Biomaterials , 2nd edition, Narosa Publishing House, New Delhi,
2006.
2. Buddy D. Ratner, B. D. Ratner,Allan S. Hoffman, Biomaterials Science: An
Introduction To Materials In Medicine, 2nd Edition(2004) Publisher: AcademicPress.
3. Fred W.Billmeyer, Text book of Polymer Science. 3rd edition John Wiley and sons
Publications.
100
Discipline Specific Elective Course –VI/VII/VIII: Genetic Engineering
Code:BCH1545D401/402/403
Credits: 4, Total Hours: 64
Course objective:
ThiscourseaimstogiveaninsightintothedirectmanipulationofDNAtoalterthecharacteristics of an
organism in a particular way. It envisages concepts, mechanisms, biological designs, functions
and evolutionary significance of genetic modification or manipulation in special organisms and
discusses the recent advance in recombinant DNAtechnology.
Course contents:
101
Text Books:
1. Primrose, S.B. and Twyman, R. (2006) Principles of Gene manipulation and Genomics (7th
edition) BlackwellPublishing.
2. Nicholl, D.S.T. (2008) An introduction to Genetic Engineering (3rd edition) Cambridge
UniversityPress.
3. Watson, J.D. (2006) Recombinant DNA (3rd edition) Cold Spring Harbor LaboratoryPress.
4. Brown, T.A. (2001) Gene Cloning and DNA Analysis: AnIntroduction.
5. A PBS Documentary entitled, ―Playing God‖ [History of GeneticEngineering
I Students will learn about Students will be asked to Oral questions will be asked
thescope of genetic orally revise the previous in
engineering along with class before every new the class. Problems will be
various enzymes that are class helping them in assigned to test
widely used in the process better understanding and student‘s
of genetic engineering their doubts cleared, if analytical ability.
II Students will learn the any. Class tests will
process of making gene Videos will be shown in
library, screening of gene the class for a better be conducted for
library, expression and understanding of the internal
purification of protein concepts. assessment.
encoded by a cloned DNA Teaching will be
and some useful conducted both through
recombinant proteins white board mode and
III Students will learn about power point presentations
various techniques mode
involved in genetic
engineering and gene
targeting methods
IV Students will learn about
HumanGenom Project and
applicationsof genetic
engineering and
biotechnology in
differentfields
102
103
104