Team 3 Report SDP
Team 3 Report SDP
Team 3 Report SDP
Submitted by
Roll
Team No. SRN Team Members
No.
134 01FE20BCV035 Akhilesh Chinna
135 01FE20BCV036 Rahulsab Alamel
03
136 01FE20BCV038 Ujwal Kulkarni
141 01FE20BCV043 Srushti Jadav
Prof. Vinayak N.
School of Civil Engineering
KLE Technological University
Hubballi-580031
It is certified that the Senior Design Project conducted for “Title” is a Bonafede work
carried out by Team No. 03 in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of
Bachelor of Engineering degree in the Civil Engineering of the KLE
TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY, Hubballi during the year 2022-2023. The report
has been approved as it satisfies the academic requirements in respect of 7th semester
Senior Design Project prescribed for the said degree.
Examiners
1. Mr./Dr/Prof
2. Mr./Dr/Prof
DECLARATION
I/we hereby declare that the project report has been produced by us as a part of teamactivity. The
present work is not copied/ plagiarized from any other source such as thesis, project reports and
consultancy reports. The work was not submitted in any other degree or professional qualification.
Wherever necessary relevant authors are cited and are acknowledged. We confirm that the work
submitted is our own.
Roll
Team No. SRN Team Members
No.
134 01FE20BCV035 Akhilesh Chinna
135 01FE20BCV036 Rahulsab Alamel
03
136 01FE20BCV038 Ujwal Kulkarni
141 01FE20BCV043 Srushti Jadav
3
School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, K.L.E. Technological University, Hubballi
SENIOR DESIGN PROJECT 2023-2024
INTRODUCTION:
A concrete gravity dam is a robust and massive structure constructed primarily from concrete that is
designed to control the flow of water in rivers, streams, or oth0er water bodies. It derives its name from the fact
that its stability is primarily achieved through its immense weight and the force of gravity. These dams are
commonly used in civil engineering for various purposes, such as water storage, flood control, hydroelectric power
generation, and irrigation.
Key characteristics of concrete gravity dams include their sturdy construction, which allows them to withstand the
hydraulic forces exerted by impounded water. Their design often incorporates a curved or straight profile to
efficiently distribute these forces. The dam's massive concrete blocks or monolithic structure counteract the
pressure from the water, preventing sliding or overturning.
Concrete gravity dams may feature spillways or overflow channels to manage excess water flow safely. Proper
foundation preparation is critical to ensure the dam sits on stable rock or soil, preventing seepage and ensuring
long-term structural integrity.
In summary, concrete gravity dams are essential components of water resource management infrastructure due to
their reliability and ability to withstand the forces of water through their sheer weight and gravitational stability.
They play a vital role in water storage, flood prevention, power generation, and irrigation projects.
1.Material Composition: Concrete gravity dams are predominantly constructed using a mixture of cement,
aggregates (such as sand and gravel), and water. The concrete is poured in layers, with each layer allowed to cure
and harden before the next layer is added.
2.Design: Their design typically includes a curved or straight profile that allows them to effectively resist the
hydraulic pressure exerted by the impounded water. The mass and density of the dam counteract the water's force.
3.Stability: The stability of a concrete gravity dam relies on its immense weight, which prevents it from sliding or
overturning due to the hydraulic forces. The dam's base is typically wider than its crest to enhance stability.
4.Spillways: To manage excess water flow and prevent overtopping, concrete gravity dams often incorporate
spillways or overflow channels. These are designed to safely route excess water downstream without damaging
the dam itself.
5.Foundation: Proper foundation preparation is crucial to ensure that the dam rests on stable rock or soil that can
support its weight and resist seepage.
6.Construction: Building a concrete gravity dam is a complex and time-consuming process. Construction usually
occurs in stages, with the concrete placed and cured incrementally.
7.Maintenance: Regular inspection and maintenance are essential to ensure the long-term structural integrity of the
dam. Any signs of deterioration, such as cracks or seepage, must be promptly addressed to prevent potential
failure.
Concrete gravity dams are often used for a variety of purposes, including water supply, flood control,
hydroelectric power generation, and irrigation. Their robust design and longevity make them a popular choice for
infrastructure projects where the containment and control of water are essential. However, their construction and
maintenance require careful planning and engineering expertise to ensure their safety and effectiveness in water
resource management.
4
School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, K.L.E. Technological University, Hubballi
SENIOR DESIGN PROJECT 2023-2024
LITERATURE PAPERS :-
5
School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, K.L.E. Technological University, Hubballi
SENIOR DESIGN PROJECT 2023-2024
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School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, K.L.E. Technological University, Hubballi
SENIOR DESIGN PROJECT 2023-2024
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School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, K.L.E. Technological University, Hubballi
SENIOR DESIGN PROJECT 2023-2024
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School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, K.L.E. Technological University, Hubballi
SENIOR DESIGN PROJECT 2023-2024
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School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, K.L.E. Technological University, Hubballi
SENIOR DESIGN PROJECT 2023-2024
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School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, K.L.E. Technological University, Hubballi
SENIOR DESIGN PROJECT 2023-2024
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School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, K.L.E. Technological University, Hubballi
SENIOR DESIGN PROJECT 2023-2024
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School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, K.L.E. Technological University, Hubballi
SENIOR DESIGN PROJECT 2023-2024
TITLE: “Uncertainty Analysis Of Stability Of Gravity Dams Using The Fuzzy Set
Theory”
Authors : : : A. Haghighi and A.H. Ayati
(dept. of CE , Faculty of Engineering, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, IRAN.)
Published on: 23 July, 2015
Summary:
1. The paper introduces a novel approach to address uncertainties in gravity dam stability analysis, combining
fuzzy set theory and Genetic Algorithm (GA) optimization.
2. Using fuzzy numbers to represent uncertainties and GA to quantify their impact, the study demonstrates that
even modest ±10% uncertainties in design parameters can result in notable variations in dam safety factors,
emphasizing the importance of accounting for uncertainties in dam analysis.
Objective:
The main objective of this study is to develop and apply a methodology for incorporating uncertainties into the
stability analysis of gravity dams. Specifically, the study aims to use fuzzy set theory and Genetic Algorithm
optimization to assess the extent to which uncertainties in input parameters affect the safety factors of gravity
dams.
Methodology:
1. Conceptual Model Development
2. Uncertainty Representation
3. GA Optimization
4. Application to a Gravity Dam
Outcomes:
This research introduces an innovative methodology for addressing uncertainties in the stability analysis of gravity
dams. By combining fuzzy set theory and Genetic Algorithm optimization, it offers a means to account for
imprecise and variable data in dam safety assessments. The study's application to a gravity dam highlights the
substantial impact that small uncertainties in design parameters can have on safety factors, with potential variations
ranging from -346% to +146% in stability safety factors and -59% to +134% in stress safety factors. These findings
underscore the importance of considering uncertainties in dam engineering to enhance safety and reliability in dam
design and management.
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School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, K.L.E. Technological University, Hubballi
SENIOR DESIGN PROJECT 2023-2024
TITLE: “Uncertainty analysis and risk identification of the gravity dam stability using
Fuzzy set theory”
Authors : : Fakhreddin Moradi Kia Hamid R. Ghafouri Mohammad Mehdi Riyahi
Published on: 03 March, 2022
Objective:
It aims to promote the exchange of knowledge and ideas among researchers, engineers, and professionals working
in the field. The journal focuses on topics related to the analysis, design, and management of hydraulic structures
such as dams, reservoirs, canals, and water distribution systems. It also covers areas like risk assessment,
uncertainty analysis, and innovative approaches in hydraulic engineering.
Methodology:
The methodology of the journal involves the use of fuzzy set theory in combination with numerical modeling of a
gravity dam. The Folsom gravity dam in the USA is modeled using ANSYS and CADAM software. Uncertainties
in the dam are analyzed using the fuzzy set theory method. The methodology includes sensitivity analysis based on
inputs to understand their impact on the outputs. The paper also introduces a new concept of risk identification
derived from fuzzy set theory to increase the stability awareness of the dam
Outcomes:
The paper focuses on the Folsom gravity dam in the USA and presents the analysis of uncertainties and risk areas.
The fuzzy outputs obtained from the analysis are used to identify the risk area of the dam. The paper also discusses
the sensitivity analysis of inputs and their impact on the outputs. Overall, the journal provides valuable insights into
the application of fuzzy set theory in assessing the stability and risk of gravity dams.
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School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, K.L.E. Technological University, Hubballi
SENIOR DESIGN PROJECT 2023-2024
TITLE: “Reliability Analysis of Concrete Gravity Dams Based on Least Squares Support
Vector Machines with an Improved Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm”
Authors: Shida Wang, Bo Xu , Zhenhao Zhu, Jing Li and Junyi Lu
Published on: 01 December, 2022
Objective:
The objective of the journal is to propose a reliability analysis method for concrete gravity dams using an improved
particle swarm optimization algorithm (IPSO) combined with least squares support vector machines (LSSVM). The
IPSO-LSSVM model aims to improve the accuracy and efficiency of calculating the failure probability of concrete
gravity dams.
Methodology:
The methodology of the journal involves proposing a reliability analysis method based on least squares support
vector machines with an improved particle swarm optimization algorithm (IPSO-LSSVM). This method utilizes
computer experiments to generate samples and establish a response surface to approximate the limit state function.
The response surface is then combined with the Monte Carlo method to estimate reliability. The methodology
focuses on improving calculation accuracy and efficiency for concrete gravity dams.
Outcomes:
The reliability analysis method proposed in this paper can provide an effective tool for solving the reliability of
other complex structures. The proposed method can also provide technical support for safety assessment,
monitoring and operation management of gravity dams. In future studies, more complex engineering problems will
be solved, such as considering the impact of environmental erosion and material aging on the dam safety.
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School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, K.L.E. Technological University, Hubballi
SENIOR DESIGN PROJECT 2023-2024
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School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, K.L.E. Technological University, Hubballi
SENIOR DESIGN PROJECT 2023-2024
TITLE: “Study on the Dam & Reservoir, and Analysis of Dam Failures: A Data Base
Approach.”
Authors: Mohit Kumar Bharti, Manish Sharma, Dr. Nazrul Islam.
Published on: 05 May 2020
Methodology:
1. Descriptive Approach: The study uses a descriptive approach to examine the roles of engineering geologists in
construction projects, with a specific focus on dams.
2. Types of Dams: It provides an overview of various dam types to establish foundational knowledge of their
characteristics and challenges.
3. Identification of Failure Causes: The methodology systematically outlines potential causes of dam failures,
encompassing natural disasters, design issues, maintenance deficiencies, and structural problems, and analyzes
critical factors contributing to such failures. The study emphasizes the significance of failure analysis in
uncovering the root causes and enabling preventive measures.
Outcomes:
1. Role of Engineering Geologists : The study underscores the critical role of engineering geologists in providing
essential geological and geotechnical recommendations for construction projects, especially in the context of
dams.
2. Understanding Dam Types : It enhances stakeholders' understanding of different dam types, shedding light on
the unique challenges and requirements associated with each.
3. Causes and Factors of Dam Failures : The research comprehensively explores various causes of dam failures,
encompassing natural disasters and human-induced issues, while also identifying specific failure factors such as
overtopping, seepage, and scouring. It emphasizes the significance of analyzing failed dam structures to prevent
future incidents and underscores the importance of safety in dam design and construction.
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School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, K.L.E. Technological University, Hubballi
SENIOR DESIGN PROJECT 2023-2024
Problem Statement:
Stability analysis of the gravity dam using Python based approach for various loading combinations.
Objective:
1) Developing a deterministic model on stability analysis of the gravity dam using Python based approach for
various critical loading combinations
2) Analyze the uncertainty of the gravity dam using Python based approach.
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School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, K.L.E. Technological University, Hubballi
SENIOR DESIGN PROJECT 2023-2024
REFERENCES
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School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, K.L.E. Technological University, Hubballi