QO Addendum
QO Addendum
QO Addendum
Full Hamiltonian: H = h̄κ âs† âi† b̂ + âs âi b̂†
Hamiltonian for degenerate RWA case: H = h̄χβ p â†2 e−iφ + â2 eiφ
The Hamiltonian has the same form of the squeezing operator.
where Ωp = 2χβ p is the effective Rabi frequency. We can then isolate the
signal evolution:
â(t) = â(0) cosh Ωp t − i↠(0) sinh Ωp t e−iφ ,
↠(t) = ↠(0) cosh Ωp t + iâ(0) sinh Ωp t eiφ .
2 1 2 1
∆X1 (t) = e−2u , ∆X2 (t) = e2u ,
4 4
where u = Ωp t is the effective squeezing parameter.
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Optical Parametric Oscillator (OPO)1
OPO Threshold
The OPO operates in a linear regime only in the field does not have
exponential power build-up inside the cavity. Otherwise, it is said to
operate above threshold, in a nonlinear regime. The OPO is stable
imposing that the intracavity power gain is equal to the cavity
losses.
l1 l2
cosh gL = 1 +
2 − l1 − l2
For a degenerate OPO (ω1 = ω2 ), the losses are small for both fields. The
condition becomes:
g2 L2 = l1 l2 .
D E D E
â(t) = â(0) cosh Ωp t − ha(t)i sinh Ωp t e−κt/2 .
† †
Sout 2κΩp
= 1− 2 ,
Sin κ
2 + Ω p + ( ω − ω0 ) 2
where ω0 is the cavity field central frequency and ω in the output field
Fourier frequency. The squeezing bandwidth is limited by the cavity
linewidth κ. Perfect squeezing cannot be achieved as, to stabilize the
OPO below threshold, Ωp ≤ κ/2.